CN109113107B - Building deep basal pit intelligent monitoring system - Google Patents
Building deep basal pit intelligent monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109113107B CN109113107B CN201810855701.1A CN201810855701A CN109113107B CN 109113107 B CN109113107 B CN 109113107B CN 201810855701 A CN201810855701 A CN 201810855701A CN 109113107 B CN109113107 B CN 109113107B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for a building deep foundation pit, which comprises a sensing device and a deep foundation pit monitoring center arranged in a deep foundation pit monitoring area; the sensing device is configured to acquire data of stratum geology and hydrology in a deep foundation pit area in real time, the sensing device comprises a convergent node and a plurality of sensor nodes deployed in the deep foundation pit monitoring area, the sensor nodes acquire deep foundation pit environment sensing data of the monitoring position, and the convergent node is mainly configured to converge the deep foundation pit environment sensing data acquired by the sensor nodes and send the data to the deep foundation pit monitoring center for storage and display; selecting cluster heads by the sensor nodes through cluster head election in a network topology construction stage, and clustering according to the selected cluster heads; the cluster head is configured to collect deep foundation pit environment perception data collected by the sensor nodes in the cluster and send the data to the sink node.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building.
Background
Along with the rapid exhibition of urban construction, deep foundation pit construction projects such as subways, super high-rise buildings, high-speed rail engineering stations and the like are more and more. In the excavation process of the deep foundation pit, internal force and displacement of a supporting structure and deformation of soil bodies inside and outside the deep foundation pit can be caused, so that the deep foundation pit is endangered, surrounding buildings are endangered, major accidents are easily caused, and huge economic loss and casualties are caused. Therefore, the development of a monitoring system for the deformation stability of the deep foundation pit is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building is provided, and comprises a sensing device and a deep foundation pit monitoring center arranged in a deep foundation pit monitoring area; the sensing device is configured to acquire data of stratum geology and hydrology in a deep foundation pit area in real time, the sensing device comprises a convergent node and a plurality of sensor nodes deployed in the deep foundation pit monitoring area, the sensor nodes acquire deep foundation pit environment sensing data of the monitoring position, and the convergent node is mainly configured to converge the deep foundation pit environment sensing data acquired by the sensor nodes and send the data to the deep foundation pit monitoring center for storage and display; selecting cluster heads by the sensor nodes through cluster head election in a network topology construction stage, and clustering according to the selected cluster heads; the cluster head is configured to collect deep foundation pit environment perception data collected by the sensor nodes in the cluster and send the data to the sink node.
In one embodiment, the deep foundation pit environment perception data comprises deep foundation pit fender post horizontal displacement data, fender post top settlement data, deep foundation pit underground water bit data, deep foundation pit surrounding ground surface settlement data and deep foundation pit underground rock physical property data.
In one embodiment, the deep foundation pit monitoring center includes a storage module configured to store deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node, and a visualization module configured to display the deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node.
Further, the deep foundation pit monitoring center further comprises an analysis early warning module configured to analyze the deep foundation pit environment perception data and output alarm information when the deep foundation pit environment perception data does not meet a set threshold condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the wireless sensor network technology is utilized to realize wireless monitoring and early warning of the building deep foundation pit, wiring is not needed, and the wireless sensor network system has the advantages of flexible monitoring point arrangement, real-time data display and good monitoring accuracy.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a structure of a deep foundation pit monitoring center according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the system comprises a sensing device 1, a deep foundation pit monitoring center 2, a storage module 10, a visualization module 20 and an analysis early warning module 30.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for a deep foundation pit of a building, where the system includes a sensing device 1 and a deep foundation pit monitoring center 2 disposed in a deep foundation pit monitoring area; the sensing device 1 is configured to acquire data of stratum geology and hydrology in a deep foundation pit region in real time, the sensing device 1 comprises a sink node and a plurality of sensor nodes deployed in the deep foundation pit monitoring region, the sensor nodes acquire deep foundation pit environment sensing data of monitoring positions, and the sink node is mainly configured to gather the deep foundation pit environment sensing data acquired by the sensor nodes and send the deep foundation pit environment sensing data to the deep foundation pit monitoring center 2 for storage and display.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a deep foundation pit monitoring center according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the deep foundation pit monitoring center 2 includes a storage module 10 configured to store deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node, and a visualization module 20 configured to display the deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node.
Further, the deep foundation pit monitoring center 2 further includes an analysis early warning module 30 configured to analyze the deep foundation pit environment perception data, and output alarm information when the deep foundation pit environment perception data does not meet a set threshold condition. The setting of the threshold condition can be set according to the actual situation. In one implementation mode, different standard thresholds can be set for different deep foundation pit environment perception data, and when the deep foundation pit environment perception data exceed the corresponding standard thresholds, the deep foundation pit environment perception data are judged to be abnormal, and then alarm information is output. The alarm information can comprise abnormal deep foundation pit environment perception data and/or the position where the abnormal deep foundation pit environment perception data is generated.
In the above embodiment, the environmental awareness data of the deep foundation pit includes horizontal displacement data of the fender post of the deep foundation pit, settlement data of the top of the fender post, ground water bit data of the deep foundation pit, ground surface settlement data around the deep foundation pit, and ground physical property data of the deep foundation pit.
The embodiment of the invention realizes wireless monitoring and early warning on the building deep foundation pit by using the wireless sensor network technology, does not need wiring, and has the advantages of flexible monitoring point arrangement, real-time data display and good monitoring accuracy.
In an implementation mode, the sensor nodes select cluster heads through cluster head election in a network topology construction stage, and clustering is carried out according to the selected cluster heads; the cluster head is configured to collect deep foundation pit environment perception data collected by the sensor nodes in the cluster and send the data to the sink node.
The cluster head election in the existing LEACH routing protocol algorithm is not reasonable, and the threshold value of the cluster head election is set only through a very simple formula, so that the utilization rate of the wireless sensor network energy is not improved. The existing LEACH protocol does not take into account the energy and node degree of the sensor nodes. In one embodiment, the invention improves the existing LEACH protocol, and performs cluster head election of the sensor node based on the improved LEACH protocol. The sensor node elects a cluster head through the cluster head in the network topology construction stage, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the sink node collects node degree and energy information of each sensor node in the network, determines related information for cluster head election according to the collected information and broadcasts the related information to each sensor node, wherein the related information comprises the maximum node degree P of the sensor nodes in the networkmaxSum of node degrees ΔPInitial energy of each sensor node, initial energy mean value of network
(2) In the cluster head election stage in each round, each sensor node calculates the election threshold value according to the following formula and generates a random number between 0 and 1, and if the random number generated by the sensor node is smaller than the election threshold value, the sensor node is selected as a clusterHead, otherwise, it is a common node; election threshold T of sensor node iiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein z is the number of election rounds of cluster heads, Hi1 denotes that the sensor node i is in the past
Unsuccessfully elected cluster head in wheel, Hi0 indicates that the sensor node i is in the past
The cluster heads are successfully selected in the wheel; giProbability of selecting a sensor node i as a cluster head;
wherein, the probability G of the sensor node i when being selected as the cluster head is setiComprises the following steps:
in the formula, G0For a predetermined cluster head ratio, Qi0Is the initial energy, Q, of the sensor node iiIs the current remaining energy of the sensor node i,
is the average energy of the network in the z-th round, PiThe node degree of the sensor node i is defined, and K is the number of the sensor nodes in the network; r is1、r2Is the set weight coefficient.
In one embodiment, each sensor node not selected as a cluster head selects the closest cluster head to join the cluster.
In this embodiment, based on the existing LEACH protocol, the probability G that the sensor node i is selected as the cluster head is setiThe calculation formula enables the probability of the cluster head election of the sensor node to move according to the energy and node degree conditions of the sensor nodeThe state is changed, and the sensor nodes with larger node degree and more sufficient energy have higher probability of becoming cluster heads; because the initial energy, the residual energy and the node degree of the sensor node are considered at the same time, the cluster head election mode of the embodiment has stronger adaptability compared with the existing LEACH protocol, the network sensor node energy is favorably balanced, the node degree is considered in a probability formula, the number of cluster heads is favorably reduced, the overall life cycle of a wireless sensor network is favorably prolonged, and a good foundation is laid for realizing reliable sensing data acquisition of the deep foundation pit environment.
In one embodiment, the sensor node i determines the average energy of the network in the z-th round according to the following formula
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the initial energy mean value, z is the cluster head election round number, qi(b) For the energy consumption of sensor node i in the b-th round,
represents the minimum energy consumption of the sensor node i among the energy consumptions of all the rounds in the past,
representing the maximum energy consumption of the sensor node i in the energy consumption of all past rounds.
Calculating the average energy in the network requires obtaining global information about the total energy of the network, and it is difficult for a sensor node to obtain the global information. Therefore, the present embodiment estimates the average energy consumption of the network in the round according to the historical energy consumption of the sensor node by using the existing global information, and innovatively sets an estimation formula of the average energy of the network, wherein the estimation formula can simply and conveniently calculate the average energy of the network, and has a certain precision, so that the efficiency of cluster head election can be effectively improved, the energy loss caused by meaningless data calculation can be saved, and the overall cost of the environmental awareness data acquisition of the deep foundation pit can be saved.
When the node degree is Pmi9When the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the cluster size is Pmi9+1, assume that all cluster heads are of cluster size Pmi9+1, the number of cluster heads is
The corresponding cluster head ratio should be
When the node degree is PmaxWhen the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the cluster size is Pmax+1, assume that all cluster heads are of cluster size Pmax+1, the number of cluster heads is
The corresponding cluster head ratio should be
In one embodiment, based on the above analysis results, the present embodiment combines the above two extreme cases of cluster head ratio, to cluster head ratio G0Setting specific values of (a):
in the formula, PminIs the minimum node degree of the sensor nodes in the network.
This embodiment enables cluster head ratio G0The setting of (2) is closer to the actual situation, and compared with the subjective random value-taking mode, the value-taking mode of the embodiment can be combined according to the deployment situation of the sensor nodes in the networkThe number range of the cluster heads is limited geographically, and the scientificity of the cluster head election mode is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The building deep foundation pit intelligent monitoring system is characterized by comprising a sensing device and a deep foundation pit monitoring center arranged in a deep foundation pit monitoring area; the sensing device is configured to acquire data of stratum geology and hydrology in a deep foundation pit area in real time, the sensing device comprises a convergent node and a plurality of sensor nodes deployed in the deep foundation pit monitoring area, the sensor nodes acquire deep foundation pit environment sensing data of the monitoring position, and the convergent node is mainly configured to converge the deep foundation pit environment sensing data acquired by the sensor nodes and send the data to the deep foundation pit monitoring center for storage and display; selecting cluster heads by the sensor nodes through cluster head election in a network topology construction stage, and clustering according to the selected cluster heads; the cluster head is configured to collect deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by sensor nodes in the cluster and send the deep foundation pit environment sensing data to the sink node; the sensor node elects a cluster head through the cluster head in the network topology construction stage, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the sink node collects node degree and energy information of each sensor node in the network, determines relevant information for cluster head election according to the collected information and broadcasts the relevant information to each sensor node;
(2) in the cluster head election stage in each round, each sensor node calculates the election threshold value according to the following formula and generates a random number between 0 and 1 according to the related information, if the random number generated by the sensor node is smaller than the election threshold value, the sensor node is selected as a cluster head, otherwise, the sensor node is a common node; election threshold T of sensor node iiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein z is the number of election rounds of cluster heads, Hi1 denotes that the sensor node i is in the past
Unsuccessfully elected cluster head in wheel, Hi0 indicates that the sensor node i is in the past
The cluster heads are successfully selected in the wheel; giProbability of selecting a sensor node i as a cluster head;
the related information comprises the maximum node degree P of the sensor nodes in the networkmaxSum of node degrees ΔPInitial energy of each sensor node, initial energy mean value of network
Setting the probability G of the sensor node i as the cluster headiComprises the following steps:
in the formula, G0For a predetermined cluster head ratio, Qi0Is the initial energy, Q, of the sensor node iiIs the current remaining energy of the sensor node i,
is the average energy of the network in the z-th round, PiThe node degree of the sensor node i is defined, and K is the number of the sensor nodes in the network; r is1、r2Is a set weight coefficient; to cluster head ratio G0Setting specific values of (a):
in the formula, PminIs the minimum node degree, P, of the sensor nodes in the networkmaxThe maximum node degree of the sensor nodes in the network.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the deep foundation pit monitoring center comprises a storage module configured to store the deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node, and a visualization module configured to display the deep foundation pit environment sensing data collected by each sensor node.
3. The intelligent monitoring system for the deep foundation pit of the building as claimed in claim 2, wherein the deep foundation pit monitoring center further comprises an analysis early warning module configured to analyze the environmental perception data of the deep foundation pit and output alarm information when the environmental perception data of the deep foundation pit does not meet a set threshold condition.
4. The intelligent monitoring system for the deep foundation pit of the building as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the environmental perception data of the deep foundation pit comprises horizontal displacement data of the fender post of the deep foundation pit, settlement data of the top of the fender post, ground water data of the deep foundation pit, settlement data of the ground surface around the deep foundation pit and ground physical property data of the deep foundation pit.
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