CN109112359A - A kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, thermoforming process and component - Google Patents

A kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, thermoforming process and component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109112359A
CN109112359A CN201710494603.5A CN201710494603A CN109112359A CN 109112359 A CN109112359 A CN 109112359A CN 201710494603 A CN201710494603 A CN 201710494603A CN 109112359 A CN109112359 A CN 109112359A
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steel plate
coating
hot
plating layer
based plating
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Inventor
吕家舜
杨洪刚
周芳
王永明
徐承明
李锋
刘仁东
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710494603.5A priority Critical patent/CN109112359A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, thermoforming process and component, and the intensity of steel plate is greater than 1500MPa after hot-forming, and elongation is greater than 5%.Coating is completely converted into iron alloy layer, does not have coating Evaporation Phenomenon, does not have liquid phase erosion, the Fe-Al intermetallic compound of no hard.The tissue of component is martensite+ferrite+retained austenite.

Description

A kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, thermoforming process and component
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of clad steel sheet, in particular to a kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, thermoforming side Method and component.
Background technique
For a long time, steel is always the basis of auto industry, although aluminium alloy in automobile manufacture, magnesium alloy, plastics and The dosage of composite material is continuously increased, but high loss of weight potentiality, high impact absorption energy, high fatigue that high strength steel has with it are strong The advantages such as degree, high-mouldability and low degree anisotropy, have become the light-weighted main material of auto industry.The vapour of 21 century Garage's industry is to reduce fuel consumption, reduce CO2Become the major demands of society with exhaust gas discharge, to adapt to this development trend, Steel had developed high-strength steel sheet such as DP, TRIP, CP, QP steel of numerous species already to help to mitigate vehicle weight, mentioned simultaneously The safety of high automobile.The problems such as to take into account lightweight and crashworthiness and high-intensitive lower stamping parts rebound and die wear, Thermoforming high strength steel and its moulding process and application technology are come into being.The U-NCAP that reaches all at present collides 4 stars or 5 stars Horizontal riding vehicle, safety member (A/B/C column, bumper, collision prevention girders etc.) majority use tensile strength for 1500MPa, Yield strength is the thermoforming high strength steel of 1200MPa.Meanwhile to solve crackle and shape freezing in high strength steel cold forming , there is heat stamping and shaping material, has carried out the system that intensity is up to 1470MPa grades of automobile components with it in the problems such as property is bad It makes.
Thermoforming process process are as follows: the hot-forming steel plate that intensity under room temperature is 500-600MPa is heated to 880- first 950 DEG C, it is allowed to uniform austenitic, punch forming in the internal mold with cooling system is then fed into, is quickly cooled down simultaneously Quenching, is changed into martensite for austenite, hardens stamping parts, increase substantially intensity.This process is referred to as " punching press Hardening " technology.In actual production, drop stamping technique is divided into direct technique and indirect processes again, after direct technique, that is, blanking directly Steel plate heating is then punched into type, is mainly used for simple shape and the lesser workpiece of deformation extent；For complex-shaped or drawing The biggish workpiece of depth is then needed using indirect processes, i.e., first that the steel plate progress of lower honest material is preforming, is then reheated real Heat application punching press.
Existing thermoforming process makes entire part in heating and thermal insulation and subsequent punching press cooling procedure, and steel plate is equal It is exposed in air, generates very serious oxidation.To protect steel plate, the method generallyd use now is to plate one layer in surface of steel plate Protect the coat of metal, there are commonly it is zinc-plated, aluminize, but all there are some problems, it is zinc-plated to be easy to happen liquid metal coating pair The erosion of steel plate, and be easy to evaporate；Subsequent handling can be influenced in the iron aluminide of surface of steel plate one layer of hard of formation by aluminizing.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate and its manufacturing method, heat at Type method and component, the hot-forming steel plate produced using this method, can be to steel plate during heating, heat preservation, punching press And subsequent use process provides good protection, and liquid phase will not be caused to corrode steel plate itself.
Object of the present invention is to what is realized by following technical solution:
A kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate, including substrate and coating, it is characterised in that: coating chemical component is by mass percentage Are as follows: Al0.10~0.50%, Mg≤3%, Si≤0.50%, Ti≤0.50%, Sb≤0.50%, Cu≤2.00%, Re≤ 0.10%, one or more of Mn≤3.0%, Ca≤1.00%, Sn≤0.50%, remaining is Zn；
The substrate chemical element is by mass percentage are as follows: C0.10%~0.60%, Si0.05%~3.5%, Mn1.20%~10.50%, P≤0.50%, S≤0.05%, Al0.02%~4.00%, Ti≤0.20%, B≤0.007%, Cr≤0.50%, Mo≤1.50%, Cu≤0.80%, Ni≤2.0%, Nb≤0.20% and Fe are inevitable with some other Impurity；The ratio of Mn/Si should be not less than 3.
A kind of manufacturing method of Zn-based plating layer steel plate, including smelting, casting, hot rolling and hot-dip, it is characterised in that described Hot rolling technology are as follows: 1220 ± 20 DEG C heating, keep the temperature 180 ± 30 minutes, 1100 ± 20 DEG C of roughing, 1060 ± 20 DEG C of finish rolling, 870 ± 20 DEG C of finish to gauges, 500~650 DEG C are batched；The or immersion are as follows: zinc pot temperature is 450~520 DEG C；If hot-rolled substrate Hot-dip is carried out, heating and temperature control is at 500~700 DEG C；If cold-rolled substrate carries out hot-dip, first in 600-750 DEG C of oxidation Property atmosphere under to surface of steel plate carry out pre-oxidation treatment, then heating and temperature control is at 750~900 DEG C.Pre-oxidation treatment purpose It is so that oxidation film of one layer of the surface of steel plate generation based on the oxide of iron, restores during subsequent heating and heat preservation Viability iron, active iron are easy to alloy-layer of the reaction production of the aluminium element in same zinc pot based on ferro-aluminum.
Steel plate is heated to 850~950 DEG C of temperature range, heating speed by a kind of thermoforming process of Zn-based plating layer steel plate Control is spent in 15 DEG C/s hereinafter, keeping the temperature 3-15 minutes, carries out thermoforming later, and the cooling rate during thermoforming is greater than 20 DEG C/s, cooling outlet temperature control is at 150~350 DEG C.
Component made from a kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate, surface of steel plate is followed successively by iron-based solid by steel matrix to surface after thermoforming Solution layer, intermetallic compounds layer and oxide skin(coating), the intermetallic compounds layer is based on Fe-Zn compound；Described Oxide skin(coating) is based on aluminium oxide, zinc oxide.Tissue is martensite+ferrite+retained austenite.
Iron-based solid solution layer is dissolved among iron matrix by the elements diffusion in coating, but the crystalline substance without changing iron Lattice structure, transition zone of this layer between iron matrix and coating；Intermetallic compounds layer, ferro element diffuse into coating and with plating Reaction forms intermetallic compound between element in layer, and the layer is based on Fe-Zn compound, simultaneously containing other in coating Element；Oxide layer, this layer are that the element in coating is anti-with the oxygen in air in the heating of drop stamping and insulating process The oxide that should be generated, this layer of oxide is based on aluminium oxide, zinc oxide.
The effect of element in coating:
The corrosion resistance of coating can be improved in the addition of Al:Al, can form Fe-Al's between coating and steel matrix Intermetallic compound hinders the undue growth of Fe-Zn brittlement phase, improves ductility of electrodeposited film.
The addition of Mg:Mg element, can greatly improve the Corrosion Protection of coating, prevent the generation of coating spot corrosion, can be with Crystal grain is refined, the compound of binary and ternary is generated with Zn and Al.The toughness for improving coating, can inhibit the corrosion of chloride.
Si:Si is enriched in intermetallic compounds layer, so that Fe, Zn atom are hindered by the counterdiffusion of liquid channel phase Hinder, compact inhibition layer tissue can be formed, the liquid phase of steel matrix is corroded so that eliminating coating to mitigate, can be refined The tissue of coating improves coating performance.
The corrosion resistance of coating can be improved in the addition of Ti:Ti, and in addition Ti can form the protective film of titanium oxide, the guarantor Cuticula is strong with basal body binding force, and protective value is good, and can be with self-healing breakage.Si and Ti is added simultaneously, can be generated more Compact inhibition layer improves the ability of the anti-aqueous etching of steel plate.
The effect of Ca:Ca is similar to Mg, can improve the corrosion resistance of coating, refines coating microstructure, improves coating Toughness, the corrosion of chloride can be inhibited.
Sb: being able to suppress the undue growth of intermetallic alloy layer, while the phase composition of stable alloy layer, so that plating Fe-Zn alloying reaction can uniformly occur during drop stamping for layer, mitigate the influence of aqueous etching.
Cu:Cu can be individually added into coating, improve the corrosive nature of coating, can also be added together with Si element, be promoted Into
Si forms compact inhibition layer phase in the aggregation of reaction zone, and then improves the ability of the anti-aqueous etching of steel plate.
Re: improving the corrosion resistance of coating, refines crystal grain.
Mn: improving the corrosion resistance of coating, refines crystal grain.
Sn: improving the corrosion resistance of coating, forms oxide film protection coating.
The effect of element in steel:
C is maximum as intensity contribution of the main alloy element to quenching type martensite steel, and Mn and Si take second place.The ratio of Mn/Si Example should be greater than 4, it is therefore an objective to guarantee that the oxidation film that steel plate generates in Hot-dip aluminum-silicon annealing process will not influence hot-dip energy. To guarantee harden ability, it is added to Ti, Cr and B.The corrosion resisting property that Cu improves steel is added, and then prevents the infiltration of H, improves steel Resistance for delayed fracture.The addition of Mo, Nb, play the effect strengthened steel matrix and refine crystal grain, and the addition of Si, Al can inhibit The formation of cementite.
A kind of Zn-based plating layer thermoforming steel plate provided by the invention, the intensity of steel plate is greater than 1500MPa after hot-forming, Elongation is greater than 5%.Coating is completely converted into iron alloy layer, does not have coating Evaporation Phenomenon, does not have liquid phase erosion, no hard Fe-Al intermetallic compound.The tissue of component is martensite+ferrite+retained austenite.
Specific embodiment
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below:
Embodiment sees attached list 1,2,3.
The intensity of steel plate is greater than 1500MPa, and elongation is greater than 5%.Coating is completely converted into iron alloy layer, steams without coating It was found that as there is no liquid phase erosion, the Fe-Al intermetallic compound of no hard.The tissue of component be martensite+ferrite+ Retained austenite.
Subordinate list 1: the chemical element composition of embodiment coating
Subordinate list 2: the chemical component of embodiment steel
Subordinate list 3: the technological parameter and performance of embodiment steel

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Zn-based plating layer steel plate, including substrate and coating, it is characterised in that: coating chemical component is by mass percentage are as follows: Al0.10~0.50%, Mg≤3%, Si≤0.50%, Ti≤0.50%, Sb≤0.50%, Cu≤2.00%, Re≤ 0.10%, one or more of Mn≤3.0%, Ca≤1.00%, Sn≤0.50%, remaining is Zn.
2. Zn-based plating layer steel plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the substrate chemical element presses quality percentage Than are as follows: C0.10%~0.60%, Si0.05%~3.5%, Mn1.20%~10.50%, P≤0.50%, S≤0.05%, Al0.02%~4.00%, Ti≤0.20%, B≤0.007%, Cr≤0.50%, Mo≤1.50%, Cu≤0.80%, Ni≤ 2.0%, Nb≤0.20% and Fe and some other inevitable impurity；The ratio of Mn/Si should be not less than 3.
3. a kind of manufacturing method of Zn-based plating layer steel plate described in -2 any one according to claim 1, including smelting, casting, Hot rolling, hot-dip and drop stamping, it is characterised in that the hot rolling technology are as follows: 1220 ± 20 DEG C of heating keep the temperature 180 ± 30 points Clock, 1100 ± 20 DEG C of roughing, 1060 ± 20 DEG C of finish rolling, 870 ± 20 DEG C of finish to gauges, 500~650 DEG C are batched；The hot-dip work Skill are as follows: zinc pot temperature is 450~520 DEG C；If hot-rolled substrate carries out hot-dip, heating and temperature control is at 500~700 DEG C；If cold It rolls substrate and carries out hot-dip, pre-oxidation treatment first is carried out to surface of steel plate under 600-750 DEG C of oxidizing atmosphere, is then heated Temperature is controlled at 750~900 DEG C.
4. a kind of thermoforming process of Zn-based plating layer steel plate described in -2 any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that will Steel plate is heated to 850~950 DEG C of temperature range, and heating speed control hereinafter, heat preservation 3-15 minutes, carries out later in 15 DEG C/s Thermoforming, the cooling rate during thermoforming are greater than 20 DEG C/s, and cooling outlet temperature control is at 150~350 DEG C.
5. component made from Zn-based plating layer steel plate described in a kind of -2 any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that heat at Surface of steel plate is followed successively by iron-based solid solution layer, intermetallic compounds layer and oxide skin(coating) by steel matrix to surface after type, described Intermetallic compounds layer is based on Fe-Zn compound；The oxide skin(coating) is based on aluminium oxide, zinc oxide；Tissue is geneva Body+ferrite+retained austenite.
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