CN109111132A - Low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method, apparatus and its control method - Google Patents
Low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method, apparatus and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109111132A CN109111132A CN201811209946.3A CN201811209946A CN109111132A CN 109111132 A CN109111132 A CN 109111132A CN 201811209946 A CN201811209946 A CN 201811209946A CN 109111132 A CN109111132 A CN 109111132A
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- air
- nox
- burnout degree
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/12—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling in shaft or vertical furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
- F27D2007/023—Conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0012—Monitoring the composition of the atmosphere or of one of their components
- F27D2019/0015—Monitoring the composition of the exhaust gases or of one of its components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
- F27D2019/004—Fuel quantity
- F27D2019/0043—Amount of air or O2 to the burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
- F27D2019/004—Fuel quantity
- F27D2019/0046—Amount of secondary air to the burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/03—Calcining
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method, apparatus and its control methods, the production method includes: that combustion air required for calcining quick lime is divided into First air and burnout degree, First air is inputted from the upstream of fuel input site, region corresponding to fuel input site is made to form the primary zone of calcining quick lime；Burnout degree is inputted from the downstream of fuel input site, forms the intermediate zone of calcining quick lime in the downstream in the primary zone.Lime production method, process units and the control method, by deviateing air-fuel ratio equivalent, Combustion Process Control can be carried out on the source of generation NOx to reduce NOx content, solve the problems, such as that NOx discharge is excessively high in lime manufacturing process, and take various disadvantages present in subsequent denitrating technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low cleaning burning types of the lime generation equipment of metallurgical and chemical industry, especially NOx emission concentration
Lime production method and process units.The invention further relates to the control methods for using the lime production device production lime.
Background technique
In metallurgical and chemical industry, general so-called lime refers to quick lime (CaO) that quick lime is (main by lime stone
Ingredient CaCO3) in limekiln CO is released by 950 DEG C~1100 DEG C high-temperature calcinations2After generate.Lime is in metallurgy industry
Important auxiliary material, in iron-smelting raw material sintering, ironmaking reduction process, Hot Metal Pretreatment and during external refining, stone
Ash is used as additive, plays the role of dephosphorization, desulfurization, and influence of the quality of quality to steel performance is most important.
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of typical double-hearth lime kiln system, arrow show gas in figure
Flow direction.
As shown, by taking double-hearth lime kiln (full name wheat Wurz cocurrent heat accumulating type double-hearth lime kiln) as an example, this limekiln
Tool is there are two kiln thorax, two kiln thorax alternate turns calcinings and preheating ore, the company of being equipped between 3 bottom of burning zone of two kiln thoraxes
It connects road 6 to communicate with each other, about commutated every 15 minutes the once working condition to convert kiln thorax.
In operation, two kiln thoraxes are alternately packed into ore, and ore is complete successively by preheating zone 2, burning zone 3 and cooling zone 4
At preheating, calcining and cooling procedure, lime stone is completely broken down into quick lime, is finally discharged from kiln bottom discharge mechanism.
Fuel is sent by the top of two kiln thoraxes respectively, and the more spray guns 7 by being located at 2 bottom of preheating zone keep fuel uniform
Ground is distributed on the section of entire kiln thorax, calcines raw ore uniformly.Double-hearth lime kiln uses fluid fuel,
Such as coal gas, oil, coal dust.
Combustion air is sent by combustion-supporting air pipe line 12 from the top of kiln with combustion fan 11, and combustion air is mixed with fuel
In preheating zone 2, first by ore preheating, (ore is in after the addition in the burner hearth that do not calcine, and the burner hearth that can be calcined is discharged before closing
Flue gas, see below), then calcine flame flow by burning zone 3 and ore cocurrent, calcine ore.
Calcined exhaust gas is by the interface channel 6 of two kiln thoraxes of connection along the preheating zone of another kiln thorax to kiln top row
Out, the new plus ore of this kiln thorax is preheated during discharge, with abundant recovered flue gas heat.Finally, flue gas passes through
Smoke-exhaust pipeline 9 is discharged by smoke exhaust fan 8.
Cooling wind cooling blower 14 is passed through kiln thorax bottom from cooling blast cap 5 by cooling wind pipeline 13, to by calcining
High temperature quick lime afterwards carries out counterflow heat exchange cooling, and the cooling wind and calcined exhaust gas after heat exchange pass through after merging to be connect
Channel 6 goes out along the preheating zone of another kiln thorax to kiln top row.
Two kiln thoraxes share a set of combustion fan 11 and smoke exhaust fan 8 and its pipe-line system, the switching of kiln thorax working condition
The transformation of caused combustion air and flue gas flow direction carries out commutation control by two triple valves 10.
In lime production technique, lime stone is released CO by thermal decomposition2, this reaction belongs to the endothermic reaction, calcination process
Combustion system is needed to provide a large amount of heat.Gaseous fuel can also can be used, but no matter make using coal dust as fuel in limekiln
With which kind of fuel, it is intended to meet 950 DEG C~1100 DEG C of burning zone in kiln of calcination temperature, otherwise will cause decomposition of limestone speed
Cross slow or generation burn-off phenomenon.High-temp combustion can generate a large amount of NOx, form acid rain after aoxidizing in air, not only endanger
And human health, there is huge destruction to environment, forest, building.
According to measurement, the NOx concentration of certain newly-built double-hearth lime kiln smoke outlet is average up to 130mg/m in recent years3, instantaneous dense
Degree is more than 160mg/m3Although current NOx emission concentration can satisfy the emission request of current national standard, with state
Family's environmental requirement is increasingly stringenter, and the tightening of limekiln NOx emission standard is by imperative (the industrial furnace NOx of newest publication
Discharge standard is reduced to 100mg/m3).Therefore, the NOx emission for how further decreasing limekiln becomes technology urgently to be resolved
Problem.
Currently, reducing the means of limekiln NOx emission mainly in the progress denitration of kiln body high-temperature region spray ammonia or to tail end
Flue gas carries out concentration denitration.It is a kind of for sleeve lime kiln, double-hearth lime kiln and beam type kiln as disclosed in CN106237821A
Denitrating system, by denitration spray gun from limekiln burning zone, cooling air inlet, intermediate interface channel and exhanst gas outlet into kiln
It sprays into denitrfying agent and achievees the purpose that denitration.A kind of for another example rotary denitration for revolution limekiln disclosed in CN206454483U
System, principle are also to spray into ammonium hydroxide into kiln as denitrfying agent by compressed air to reach denitration purpose.For another example patent
99114940.8 propose a kind of method for carrying out removing NOx and SOx using principle of pressure swing adsorption, and this method, which is directed to, contains NOx
Flue gas, be provided with the adsorbent bed circulatory system of at least two filling adsorbents, each adsorbent bed is successively adsorbed, inversely put
Pressure, heating flushing, cold blowing, pressurising, cycle operation achieve the purpose that remove NOx.
It can be seen that existing limekiln denitration technology is using into kiln or back-end ductwork carries out spray ammonia or to tail portion
Flue gas carries out pressure-variable adsorption and carries out denitration, belongs to the range of tail portion improvement, is not controlled from the source that NOx is generated,
, the disadvantages such as operating cost high, maintenance workload big, denitration efficiency low big in the presence of investment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method and process units.The lime is raw
Production method and process units can carry out Combustion Process Control on the source of generation NOx to reduce NOx content, and it is raw to solve lime
The excessively high problem of NOx discharge during production, and take various disadvantages present in subsequent denitrating technique.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of for controlling the side of the low NOx cleaning burning type lime production device
Method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method, comprising: will calcine
Combustion air required for quick lime is divided into First air and burnout degree, and First air is inputted from the upstream of fuel input site, makes to fire
Expect that region corresponding to input site forms the primary zone of calcining quick lime；The downstream of burnout degree from fuel input site is defeated
Enter, forms the intermediate zone of calcining quick lime in the downstream in the primary zone.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of low NOx cleaning burning type lime production device, including is equipped with kiln thorax
Limekiln ontology, the kiln thorax has burning zone and is equipped with to burner of the burning zone input fuel to be calcined,
The limekiln ontology is equipped with combustion-supporting air pipe line；The combustion-supporting air pipe line includes primary air duct and after-flame air pipe line；Described one
Secondary air pipe line inputs First air from the upstream of the burner, and region corresponding to the fuel output end of the burner forms master
Fire area；The after-flame air pipe line inputs burnout degree from the downstream of the burner to the burning zone, under the primary zone
Trip forms intermediate zone.
Specially double vertical limekilns of thorax, including the first limekiln ontology and the second limekiln ontology；First lime
Kiln ontology is equipped with the first primary air duct and the first after-flame air pipe line, and second limekiln ontology is equipped with the second primary air duct
With the second after-flame air pipe line.
It further comprise the first triple valve and the second triple valve；The main wind path of the combustion-supporting air pipe line is divided into after two-way respectively
It is connected to the first end of first triple valve and the second triple valve；The second end of first triple valve is divided into the first primary air piping
Road and the first after-flame air pipe line, the second end of second triple valve are divided into second primary air duct and the second after-flame air hose
Road；The third end of first triple valve and the second triple valve is incorporated in smoke-exhaust pipeline.
First primary air duct and the second primary air duct are respectively equipped with First air regulating valve, and/or, described first
After-flame air pipe line and the second after-flame air pipe line are respectively equipped with burnout degree regulating valve.
It further comprise spray ammonia system, the spray ammonia point of the spray ammonia system is set to first limekiln ontology and the second stone
The flue gas interface channel of ash furnace ontology.
The burner is the spray gun that fuel can be sprayed into the burning zone.
The primary zone is equipped with burning zone temperature element；The limekiln ontology is equipped with smoke-exhaust pipeline, the smoke-exhaust pipeline
Equipped with flue gas NOx Concentration Testing element.
The primary air duct inwardly inputs combustion air from the kiln top of the limekiln ontology, and the after-flame air pipe line is from institute
The side wall for stating limekiln ontology inwardly inputs burnout degree.
The mixed airflow of the fuel of burner input and First air the primary zone residence time in 2~4S.
It is separated by 3-4m between the fuel input position of the burner and the burnout degree input position of the after-flame air pipe line.
To realize that above-mentioned another object, the present invention provide a kind of for low NOx cleaning burning described in any of the above embodiments
The control method that type lime production device is controlled, comprising:
Detect the NOx concentration in flue gas；
Whether exceeded NOx concentration is judged, if returning to previous step without exceeded；If exceeded, enter in next step；
The temperature data T of burning zone is acquired, and judges whether overtemperature, if overtemperature, reduces the control valve opening of First air,
First air coefficient k 1 is reduced, while increasing the control valve opening of burnout degree, increases burnout degree coefficient k 2.
Further, if the temperature of burning zone does not have overtemperature, further according to the flue gas NOx concentration value in setting time
NOx average value is calculated, judges whether NOx average value is exceeded；If it is dense to return to the NOx continued to test in flue gas without exceeded
Degree reduces the control valve opening of First air if exceeded, reduces First air coefficient k 1, while the regulating valve for increasing burnout degree is opened
Degree increases burnout degree coefficient k 2.
Further, after First air coefficient k 1 and burnout degree coefficient k 2 are adjusted, after being spaced setting time, then
It is secondary judged whether according to NOx concentration value it is exceeded；If return continues to test NOx concentration in flue gas without exceeded, if exceeded, into
One step reduces the control valve opening of First air, reduces First air coefficient k 1, while increasing the control valve opening of burnout degree, increases combustion
Wind coefficient k 2 to the greatest extent.
It further, further comprise before First air coefficient k 1 and burnout degree coefficient k 2 are adjusted, judging one
Whether secondary wind coefficient k 1 has reached First air lower coefficient limit value kmin further subtracts if k1 does not reach lower limit value kmin
The control valve opening of small First air reduces First air coefficient k 1, while increasing the control valve opening of burnout degree, increases burnout degree system
Number k2；If k1 has reached lower limit value kmin, auxiliary denitrating technique is taken, until NOx concentration is up to standard in flue gas.
Further, the auxiliary denitrating technique includes that ammonia is sprayed into flue gas in spray ammonia point using ammonia-gas spraying device.
Further, the sum of the First air and burnout degree are combustion air needed for fuel combustion, if burning total air mistake
Surplus coefficient is k, then k1+k2=k.
It further, is 1.05~1.1 for the value range of gaseous fuel k, the value range for liquid fuel k is
1.1~1.2, the value range to coal dust k is 1.15~1.25.
Generally, in limekiln burning zone, fire box temperature is up to 950 DEG C~1100 DEG C, and transient temperature even can exceed that
1100 DEG C, under the conditions of this temperature, no matter which kind of fuel is used, can generate a large amount of NOx.In this regard, the present invention is based on industry
Kiln burning process NOx is generated and control mechanism, devises completely new lime production method, process units and control method,
Combustion Process Control is carried out in limekiln on the source of generation NOx to reduce NOx content, proposes limekiln Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal side
Case and fuel fire scheme again, and principle is to provide combustion air into kiln thorax in two stages, and the air of wherein most is (i.e.
First air) first mixed with fuel, it is formed about the primary combustion zone of relative low temperature, oxygen deprivation and fuel-rich in burner downstream, is had
Help reduce the nitrogen in fuel and form NOx (i.e. fuel type NOx), rest part air (i.e. burnout degree) is sprayed by after-flame air pipe line
The downstream for becoming owner of combustion zone forms a relative low temperature, oxygen-enriched and poor fuel secondary combustion region, reaches the mesh of completely burned
, since oxygen-enriched second-time burning section temperature is relatively low, facilitate NOx (the i.e. thermal NO x) shape for limiting combustion air
At.As it can be seen that the present invention can reduce burning type NOx and thermal NO x simultaneously, thus in very good solution lime manufacturing process
The excessively high problem of NOx discharge, and take technology investment present in subsequent denitrating technique and operation at too high various scarce
Point.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of typical double-hearth lime kiln system；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of double-hearth lime kiln system disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of double-hearth lime kiln system disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention.
In figure:
1. 2. preheating zone of double-hearth lime kiln ontology, 3. burning zone, 4. cooling zone 5. cools down 6. flue gas interface channel of blast cap
7. combustion-supporting 13. cooling duct of air pipe line of 10. triple valve of spray gun 8. smoke exhaust fan, 9. smoke-exhaust pipeline, 11. combustion fan 12.
17. First air regulating valve 18. of road 14. cooling blower, 15. after-flame air pipe line, 16. burnout degree regulating valve spray ammonia point 19. is forged
Burn band 20. flue gas NOx Concentration Testing point of temperature measuring point
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.
Herein, the terms such as " upper and lower, inside and outside " are positional relationships based on the figure and establishment, with reference to the accompanying drawings
Difference, corresponding positional relationship is also possible to change therewith, therefore, can not be understood as to the exhausted of protection scope
To restriction；Moreover, the relational terms of such as " first " and " second " or the like are used merely to one with another with identical
The component of title distinguishes, without necessarily requiring or implying between these components there are any this actual relationship or
Sequentially.
The main component of lime stone is CaO, can combine with SOx in calcination process and generate CaSOx, i.e. calcium method desulfurization, institute
It is equivalent to a desulphurization system with entire limekiln, thus it is approximate without SOx, major pollutants NOx, according to generation in tail gas
The difference of mechanism, NOx can be divided into fuel type, heating power type and three kinds of Quick-type:
The first is fuel type: NOx made of nitrogen compound is thermally decomposed in combustion and then aoxidized in fuel.
Second is heating power type: nitrogen aoxidizes at high temperature in air when burning and the NOx that generates, industrial furnace are mainly
Such NOx.
The third is Quick-type: the NOx that the ionic hydrocarbon group such as CH reaction in the nitrogen and fuel when burning in air generates.
As above, limekiln produce when, predominantly thermal NO x, and the Production conditions of thermal NO x be air, fuel and
High temperature.In this regard, the present invention proposes bias combustion, make the place burning that part of it is few in air multi fuel, another part is in sky
Gas lacks the place burning more than fuel, deviates the normal equivalent proportion of empty coal, to reduce NOx yield.
Referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of double-hearth lime kiln system disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention, in figure
Arrow show airflow direction.
As shown, in a specific embodiment, low NOx cleaning burning type lime production dress provided by the present invention
It is set to double-hearth lime kiln, limekiln ontology has the first limekiln ontology and the second limekiln ontology, the first limekiln ontology
It is vertical with the second limekiln ontology and be arranged side by side, basic functional principle referring to background technology part description.Due to first
Limekiln ontology and the second limekiln ontology relationship symmetrical in structure therefore below will be mainly with the first lime
Kiln ontology is illustrated the structure after it is improved.
The kiln thorax of first limekiln ontology has burning zone and is equipped with to fuel such as burning zone input coal gas, fuel oil or coal dusts
With the spray gun 7 calcined, the first limekiln ontology is equipped with combustion-supporting air pipe line 12, combustion-supporting air pipe line 12 divide for primary air duct and
After-flame air pipe line 15, wherein primary air duct inwardly inputs combustion air from the kiln top of limekiln ontology, that is, from spray gun 7
Upstream inputs First air, and region corresponding to the fuel output end of spray gun 7 is made to form " combustion is windy few " primary zone；After-flame air pipe line
15 inwardly input burnout degree from the side wall of limekiln ontology, that is, input burnout degree from the downstream of spray gun 7 to burning zone, in master
The downstream for firing area forms " wind fires few more " intermediate zone.
Specifically, the first limekiln ontology is equipped with the first primary air duct and the first after-flame air pipe line, the second limekiln
Ontology is equipped with the second primary air duct and the second after-flame air pipe line.
In the design of air inlet pipeline, controlled using two triple valves 10, respectively the first triple valve and second
Triple valve；The main wind path of combustion-supporting air pipe line 12 is divided into the first end that the first triple valve and the second triple valve are respectively communicated with after two-way；
The second end of first triple valve is divided into the first primary air duct and the first after-flame air pipe line, leads to the first limekiln ontology；Second
The second end of triple valve is divided into the second primary air duct and the second after-flame air pipe line, leads to the second limekiln ontology；First threeway
The third end of valve and the second triple valve is incorporated in smoke-exhaust pipeline 9.
Wherein, the first primary air duct and the second primary air duct are respectively equipped with First air regulating valve 17, the first burnout degree
Pipeline and the second after-flame air pipe line are respectively equipped with burnout degree regulating valve 16.Certainly, in the case where main wind path air quantity is kept constant,
When the aperture of First air regulating valve 17 becomes smaller, even if being not provided with burnout degree regulating valve 16, the air quantity of burnout degree can also become larger,
Accordingly it is also possible to which First air regulating valve 17 only is arranged and is not provided with burnout degree regulating valve 16, vice versa, and combustion can also only be arranged
It uses up wind regulating valve 16 and is not provided with First air regulating valve 17.
First limekiln ontology and the second limekiln body interior are respectively equipped with burning zone temperature element in primary zone, are formed
Burning zone temperature measuring point 19, with the calcination temperature in real-time detection primary zone；The row of first limekiln ontology and the second limekiln ontology
Smoke pipe road is merged into all the way, and flue gas NOx Concentration Testing element is equipped on combined smoke-exhaust pipeline 9, forms flue gas NOx concentration
Test point 20, the NOx concentration discharged with real-time detection.
When a kiln thorax combustion system in double-hearth lime kiln is in running order, combustion air successively passes through combustion air
After machine 11, combustion-supporting air pipe line 12, triple valve 10, two-way is divided to enter in kiln thorax.
Wherein First air is still entered in kiln by kiln jacking after First air regulating valve 17, and First air is in preheating zone 2 through excessively high
After the preheating of warm ore, the fuel sprayed with spray gun 7 mix and is burnt, the main combustion of formation relative low temperature, oxygen deprivation and fuel-rich
Region is burnt, helps to reduce the nitrogen in fuel and forms NOx (i.e. fuel type NOx).
Air is divided into two-way and sprays into kiln, and top main burning area air is inadequate, and fuel does not have completely burned.So lower part is sprayed
The air entered is referred to as burnout degree, and burnout degree enters primary zone downstream shape by burnout degree regulating valve 16, after-flame air pipe line 15
At secondary combustion region, the remaining fuel reaction in primary zone is finished, achievees the purpose that completely burned.Since burnout degree does not pass through
Cross preheating, and secondary combustion region is oxygen-enriched and poor fuel, therefore secondary combustion region temperature is relatively low, it is suppressed that burning is with empty
NOx (the i.e. thermal NO x) formation of gas.
Residence time of the penetrating position of burnout degree with fuel in primary zone is related, by taking coal dust firing as an example, breeze airflow
Residence time in primary zone was best at 2~4 seconds, was more than this range, and NOx emission concentration almost no longer reduces, that is,
It says, burnout degree penetrating position is more top, and fuel is shorter in the primary zone residence time, and -4 seconds 2 seconds are critical points, then extend, that is, fires
Wind sprays into position and is further continued for toward if moving down to the greatest extent, and NOx emission concentration no longer reduces.Therefore, it can be designed according to this critical point
Burnout degree spray into position, by taking the limekiln of 600t/d as an example, 3 seconds main combustion time be equivalent to spray gun 7 and burnout degree penetrating position it
Between be separated by about 3m-4m.
When the kiln thorax is switched to exhaust preheating ore state, burnout degree regulating valve 16 is closed, and prevents high-temperature flue gas from passing through
After-flame air pipe line 15 and 16 short circuit of burnout degree regulating valve enter smoke-exhaust pipeline 9, avoid the waste heat of waste high-temperature flue gas, prevent simultaneously
Only high-temperature flue gas damages burnout degree regulating valve 16.
When First air is adjusted to lower limit value in order to prevent, NOx concentration is still exceeded, and auxiliary denitration can further be arranged and set
It is standby.Here, using spray ammonia system, spray ammonia point 18 is set to the first limekiln ontology and the flue gas connection of the second limekiln ontology is logical
Road 6 can spray into ammonium hydroxide in spray ammonia point 18 when being still unable to satisfy NOx emission requirement using Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal scheme, it is ensured that
Double-hearth lime kiln smoke NOx content meets environmental requirement.
Referring to FIG. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of process of the control method of double-hearth lime kiln system disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention
Figure.
As shown, in a specific embodiment, it is provided by the present invention for controlling the control of above-mentioned double-hearth lime kiln
Method processed is as follows:
Step S1: system brings into operation, and flue gas NOx Concentration Testing point 20 starts NOx concentration in real-time detection flue gas.
Step S2: system judges whether NOx concentration is exceeded.If return step S1, system continues in flue gas without exceeded
NOx concentration is measured in real time；If exceeded, S3 is entered step.
Step S3: the temperature data T of system acquisition burning zone temperature measuring point 19, and judge whether overtemperature.If overtemperature is transferred to
Step S5, if being transferred to step S4 without overtemperature.
Under the premise of NOx concentration is exceeded in flue gas, calcining belt temperature is detected, is in order to avoid NOx concentration inspection
Existing instantaneous peak value is measured, causes control system regulation movement excessively frequent, only when NOx concentration is exceeded in flue gas and burning zone temperature
When spending higher, just regulation is taken to act immediately, burning zone normal temperature range is 950 DEG C~1100 DEG C, therefore judges burning zone
The standard of temperature overtemperature is 1100 DEG C desirable.
Step S4: system transfers the 20 collected nearest 2 minutes flue gas NOx concentration values of institute of flue gas NOx Concentration Testing point simultaneously
Average value is calculated, judges whether NOx average value is exceeded.If system thinks flue gas NOx collected in step S2 without exceeded
Concentration data belongs to instantaneous peak value, then system return step S1, continues to be measured in real time NOx concentration in flue gas, not adjust
Section movement；If exceeded, S5 is entered step.
This step, as the whether exceeded standard of NOx is judged, is that system is adopted in order to prevent using flue gas NOx mean concentration
It uses flue gas NOx instantaneous value as judgment criteria, judges by accident, cause control system regulation movement excessively frequent.
Step S5: system reduces the aperture of First air regulating valve 17, reduces First air coefficient k 1, while increasing burnout degree tune
The aperture of valve 16 is saved, burnout degree coefficient k 2 is increased.
The sum of First air and burnout degree are combustion air needed for fuel combustion, if total coefficient of excess air that burns is k, then k1
The value range of+k2=k, k can use 1.05~1.1 to gaseous fuel, can use 1.1~1.2 to liquid fuel, desirable to coal dust
1.15~1.25.
Step S6: the NOx collected of flue gas NOx Concentration Testing point 20 is read again when embedded timer after 2 minutes
Concentration value simultaneously judges whether exceeded.If without exceeded, return step S1；If exceeded, it is transferred to step S7.
Control system reads NOx concentration data after adjusting acts 2 minutes, is to consider the stagnant of entire lime kiln system
Property afterwards is conducive to the control precision for improving control system.
Step S7: system judges whether First air coefficient k 1 has reached First air lower coefficient limit value kmin.If k1 does not reach
To lower limit value kmin, return step S5, continue adjust k1；If k1 has reached lower limit value kmin, it is transferred to step S8.
As First air coefficient k 1 reduces, the NOx for generation of burning can be significantly reduced, but First air coefficient k 1 is too low to be led
The aggravation of burning zone non-complete combustion of fuel degree is caused, it is relatively low so as to cause calcining belt temperature；Further decrease First air coefficient k 1
Result even in NOx concentration rising.Therefore, in order to guarantee that calcining belt temperature maintains while reducing NOx emission
It between 950 DEG C~1100 DEG C, avoids generating half-cooked phenomenon when limestone calcination, there are an optimal value models for First air coefficient k 1
It encloses, and the range changes according to process conditions difference.
By taking coal dust firing as an example, the value range of First air coefficient k 1 is as shown in table 1:
1 coal dust firing First air coefficient k of table, 1 value range
Step S8: system opens ammonia-gas spraying device in spray ammonia point 18, and ammonium hydroxide is sprayed into flue gas, until NOx concentration in flue gas
It is up to standard.
Step S9: this adjusting movement finishes, and system return step S1 continues NOx concentration in real-time detection flue gas.
Due to while introducing above-mentioned process units and control method, substantially to production provided by the present invention
Method is illustrated, and therefore, production method provided by the present invention is just no longer individually described in detail, for details, reference can be made to above.
Above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the invention, is specifically not limited thereto, on this basis can be according to reality
It needs to make to have and targetedly adjust, to obtain different embodiments.For example, in other specific embodiments, lime
Process units is also possible to single kiln form, alternatively, First air is not from top but from limekiln ontology close to the side at top
Input kiln thorax, or, multiple air inlets of burnout degree are uniformly distributed around limekiln ontology, to kiln thorax inside input after-flame
Wind, etc..Since mode in the cards is more, just no longer illustrate one by one here.
The present invention is based on industrial furnace combustion process NOx generation and control mechanisms, and the source of generation NOx is enterprising in limekiln
Row Combustion Process Control proposes limekiln Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal scheme and fuel fires scheme again, be divided to two to reduce NOx content
Stage provides combustion air into kiln thorax, and wherein First air is first mixed with fuel, is formed about in 7 downstream of spray gun relatively low
The primary combustion zone of temperature, oxygen deprivation and fuel-rich helps to reduce the nitrogen in fuel and forms fuel type NOx, and burnout degree passes through after-flame
Air pipe line 15 sprays into the downstream in main burning area, forms a relative low temperature, oxygen-enriched and poor fuel secondary combustion region, has reached
The purpose burnt entirely facilitates the heating power type for limiting combustion air since oxygen-enriched second-time burning section temperature is relatively low
NOx.Due to can reduce burning type NOx and thermal NO x simultaneously, NOx emission in very good solution lime manufacturing process
Measure excessively high problem.
Low NOx cleaning burning type lime production method, apparatus provided by the present invention and its control method are carried out above
It is discussed in detail.Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, above embodiments
Explanation be merely used to help understand the core idea of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, it without departing from the principle of the present invention, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention, these improve and repair
Decorations are also fallen within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of low NOx cleans burning type lime production method, comprising: combustion air required for calcining quick lime to be divided into once
First air is inputted from the upstream of fuel input site, forms region corresponding to fuel input site and forge by wind and burnout degree
Burn the primary zone of quick lime；Burnout degree is inputted from the downstream of fuel input site, forms calcining in the downstream in the primary zone
The intermediate zone of quick lime.
2. a kind of low NOx cleans burning type lime production device, the limekiln ontology including being equipped with kiln thorax, the kiln thorax, which has, to be forged
It burns band and is equipped with the burner to burning zone input fuel to be calcined, the limekiln ontology is equipped with combustion-supporting air hose
Road；It is characterized in that, the combustion-supporting air pipe line includes primary air duct and after-flame air pipe line；The primary air duct is from the combustion
The upstream of burner inputs First air, and region corresponding to the fuel output end of the burner forms primary zone；The burnout degree
Pipeline inputs burnout degree from the downstream of the burner to the burning zone, forms second-time burning in the downstream in the primary zone
Area.
3. low NOx according to claim 2 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that be specially that double thoraxes are vertical
Formula limekiln, including the first limekiln ontology and the second limekiln ontology；First limekiln ontology is equipped with the first First air
Pipeline and the first after-flame air pipe line, second limekiln ontology are equipped with the second primary air duct and the second after-flame air pipe line.
4. low NOx according to claim 3 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that further comprise the
One triple valve and the second triple valve；The main wind path of the combustion-supporting air pipe line be divided into after two-way be respectively communicated with first triple valve and
The first end of second triple valve；The second end of first triple valve is divided into the first primary air duct and the first after-flame air pipe line,
The second end of second triple valve is divided into second primary air duct and the second after-flame air pipe line；First triple valve and
The third end of second triple valve is incorporated in smoke-exhaust pipeline.
5. low NOx according to claim 4 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that described first is primary
Air pipe line and the second primary air duct are respectively equipped with First air regulating valve, and/or, the first after-flame air pipe line and the second after-flame
Air pipe line is respectively equipped with burnout degree regulating valve.
6. low NOx according to claim 5 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that further comprise spray
Ammonia system, the spray ammonia point of the spray ammonia system is set to first limekiln ontology and the flue gas connection of the second limekiln ontology is logical
Road.
7. cleaning burning type lime production device according to the described in any item low NOx of claim 2 to 6, which is characterized in that described
Burner is the spray gun that fuel can be sprayed into the burning zone.
8. low NOx according to claim 7 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that the primary zone is set
There is burning zone temperature element；The limekiln ontology is equipped with smoke-exhaust pipeline, and the smoke-exhaust pipeline is equipped with flue gas NOx Concentration Testing member
Part.
9. low NOx according to claim 8 cleans burning type lime production device, which is characterized in that the primary air piping
Road inwardly inputs combustion air from the kiln top of the limekiln ontology, the after-flame air pipe line from the side wall of the limekiln ontology to
Interior input burnout degree.
10. cleaning burning type lime production device according to the described in any item low NOx of claim 2 to 6, which is characterized in that institute
State burner input fuel and First air mixed airflow the primary zone residence time in 2~4S.
11. cleaning burning type lime production device according to the described in any item low NOx of claim 2 to 6, which is characterized in that institute
It states and is separated by 3-4m between the fuel input position of burner and the burnout degree input position of the after-flame air pipe line.
12. a kind of control method, raw for low NOx cleaning burning type lime described in any item to the claim 2 to 11
Device is produced to be controlled, comprising:
Detect the NOx concentration in flue gas；
Whether exceeded NOx concentration is judged, if returning to previous step without exceeded；If exceeded, enter in next step；
The temperature data T of burning zone is acquired, and judges whether overtemperature, if overtemperature, reduces the control valve opening of First air, is reduced
First air coefficient k 1, while increasing the control valve opening of burnout degree, increase burnout degree coefficient k 2.
13. control method according to claim 12, which is characterized in that if the temperature of burning zone does not have overtemperature, into one
Step calculates NOx average value according to the flue gas NOx concentration value in setting time, judges whether NOx average value is exceeded；If not surpassing
Mark then returns to the NOx concentration continued to test in flue gas, if exceeded, reduces the control valve opening of First air, reduces First air system
Number k1, while increasing the control valve opening of burnout degree, increase burnout degree coefficient k 2.
14. control method according to claim 12 or 13, which is characterized in that First air coefficient k 1 and burnout degree system
After number k2 is adjusted, after being spaced setting time, judge whether again according to NOx concentration value exceeded；If being returned without exceeded
NOx concentration in flue gas is continued to test, if exceeded, the control valve opening of First air is further decreased, reduces First air coefficient k 1,
Increase the control valve opening of burnout degree simultaneously, increases burnout degree coefficient k 2.
15. control method according to claim 14, which is characterized in that further comprise, to 1 He of First air coefficient k
Before burnout degree coefficient k 2 is adjusted, judge whether First air coefficient k 1 has reached First air lower coefficient limit value kmin, if
K1 does not reach lower limit value kmin, then further decreases the control valve opening of First air, reduces First air coefficient k 1, increases simultaneously
The control valve opening of burnout degree increases burnout degree coefficient k 2；If k1 has reached lower limit value kmin, auxiliary denitration work is taken
Skill, until NOx concentration is up to standard in flue gas.
16. control method according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the auxiliary denitrating technique includes using spray ammonia dress
It sets and sprays ammonia into flue gas in spray ammonia point.
17. control method according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the sum of the First air and burnout degree are fuel combustion
Combustion air needed for burning, if total coefficient of excess air that burns is k, then k1+k2=k.
18. control method according to claim 17, which is characterized in that the value range for gaseous fuel k is 1.05
~1.1, the value range for liquid fuel k is 1.1~1.2, and the value range to coal dust k is 1.15~1.25.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109316837A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-02-12 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of limekiln dust-extraction unit and method |
| CN110903042A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-24 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Double-hearth lime kiln with denitration equipment |
| CN113336456A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-03 | 阳泉恒跃兴钙业有限公司 | Self-feedback low-nitrogen combustion control method and device for lime burning of rotary kiln |
| CN113932601A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-14 | 广西柳钢新材料科技有限公司 | Double-chamber kiln cooling air control distribution method |
| CN114739160A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-12 | 广西柳钢新材料科技有限公司 | Method for reducing nitrogen consumption of gas double-hearth kiln |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109316837A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-02-12 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of limekiln dust-extraction unit and method |
| CN110903042A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-24 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Double-hearth lime kiln with denitration equipment |
| CN113336456A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-03 | 阳泉恒跃兴钙业有限公司 | Self-feedback low-nitrogen combustion control method and device for lime burning of rotary kiln |
| CN113932601A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-14 | 广西柳钢新材料科技有限公司 | Double-chamber kiln cooling air control distribution method |
| CN114739160A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-12 | 广西柳钢新材料科技有限公司 | Method for reducing nitrogen consumption of gas double-hearth kiln |
| CN114739160B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2024-01-16 | 广西柳钢新材料科技有限公司 | Method for reducing nitrogen consumption of gas double-chamber kiln |
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