CN204400906U - Pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system and boiler combustion system - Google Patents
Pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system and boiler combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204400906U CN204400906U CN201520021929.2U CN201520021929U CN204400906U CN 204400906 U CN204400906 U CN 204400906U CN 201520021929 U CN201520021929 U CN 201520021929U CN 204400906 U CN204400906 U CN 204400906U
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000009781 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009125 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system and boiler combustion system, wherein pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system comprises for extracting flue gas and the fume extraction subsystem of responsible supplied flue gases, for by flue gas pyrolysis is carried out to the coal dust received thus produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke pyrolysis subsystem and for activating semicoke and shaping semicoke activator system, the utility model is by being transported to pulverized coal pyrolysis stove by the flue gas produced in boiler, pyrolysis is carried out to coal dust, produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke, this pyrolysis gas has restoring function, this pyrolysis gas is passed in boiler, NO in the pollutent that can produce boiler fuel combustion
xreduce, pyrolytic process produce semicoke activated shaping after, can as sorbent boiler fuel combustion produce SO
x, thus reach the object of the discharge of decreasing pollution thing and protection of the environment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to coal powder burning technology field, particularly relates to a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system and boiler combustion system.
Background technology
The fast development of Thermal Power Generation Industry in recent years, has very large promoter action to the development of national economy, also result in serious environmental pollution simultaneously.Coal dust can produce dust, NO when burning
x, SO
x, the pollutent such as CO, these products all will cause environmental pollution to air.Wherein, SO
xmain with SO after entering air
2form exist, the SO in air
2concentration and existence can damage plant when exceeding certain value; Burn the NO produced
xmiddle NO accounts for 90% ~ 95%, and the NO generated when any temperature can be converted into NO
2, and NO
xirritant to the respiratory system of human body, even can cause chronic poisoning, also can cause very large injury to natural plant.In addition, two kinds of gases also all can be had an effect with other pollutents in air formation photo-chemical smog, and hazardness is comparatively large, therefore for SO
xand NO
xcontrol very important.
Along with national environmental protection policy increasingly stringent, higher environmental requirement is proposed to power industry especially fired power generating unit.And the NO in these pollutents
xand SO
xcomparatively unmanageable in these pollutents.At present, SO is reduced
xtechnique means mainly contain burning before (process to fuel), (desulfuration in furnace, mainly fluidized bed combustion and in-furnace calcium spraying technology) and burning be afterwards (flue gas desulfurization technique) in burning.Most widely used and the most effective technology is exactly flue gas desulfurization technique at present, mainly contain Gypsum Wet, spray-drying process, in-furnace calcium spraying add afterbody humidification activation method, flue gas circulating fluidized bed desulfurization method etc., but these method ubiquity initial costs and working cost is high, in design and running restraining factors many, easily cause secondary pollution problems, and most desulfuration byproduct cannot reclaim or utility value is not high.
At present, coal-burning power plant reduces NO
xtechnique means mainly realized by low-NO_x combustion technology and SCR technology (hereinafter referred to as SCR technology).But along with the operation change of coal and the scaling loss of combustion equipment, can NO be made
xdischarge exceed design load, be in operation to reach lower NO
xdischarge, reduce the oxygen amount of boiler operatiopn, but this will cause the generation of water wall high temperature corrosion phenomenon in boiler, and also will cause the increase of boiler unburn thermosteresis, after long-time running, low-NO_x combustion technology cannot meet design requirement.And although SCR technology well can control the NO in flue gas by control ammonia spraying amount
xbut it is large also to there is initial cost in this technology, and working cost is high, and catalyzer is expensive, and there is the shortcomings such as the danger of NH_3 leakage.
There are a kind of decoupled recirculating fluidized bed combustion system and desulfurization thereof and method of denitration in prior art, the coal combustion in circulation bed are divided into isolated air destructive distillation and coal-char combustion two steps, to solve the contradiction of desulfurization and denitration for fluidized bed combustion.The sulfurous gas discharged in raw coal retort process is desulfurized agent and catches, and the semicoke that destructive distillation produces enters desulfurization zone, bottom, combustion zone, the NO that coal-char combustion generates
xthe reducing gas produced with destructive distillation reacts and denitration on top, combustion zone.
The method removes SO
xand NO
xthe technology of main application is fluidized bed combustion, and the limitation of this technology is comparatively large, and this technology is removing SO
xwhile, need in fluid bed boiler furnace, to add sweetening agent realize, and this Measures compare is limited to this combustion system of fluidized-bed combustion, the interpolation of sweetening agent is very serious for the wearing and tearing of water wall in fluidized-bed combustion boiler stove, can threaten to the normal operation of boiler.This method is also difficult to accomplish NO
xcontrol to lower level, need the fume treatment technology of tie tail flue to reach the requirement of environmental protection.
A kind of method of reducing nitrogen oxide of powder coal boiler mixed burning gas fuel is also had in prior art, two-stage is divided by geseous fuel to introduce Pulverized-coal-fired Furnaces, introduce one-level geseous fuel in the bottom of primary combustion zone main burner as combustion-supporting fuel, and adopt in primary combustion zone " horizontal bias wind " combustion technology to burn under low excess air factor or overall reducing atmosphere simultaneously; Introduce secondary gas fuel at the top in primary combustion zone, form the reburning zone of reducing atmosphere; Introduce burnout degree at the top of reburning zone, complete after-flame.
The low NO that although the method uses geseous fuel to fire again coordinates Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal, horizontal bias combustion with side air technology to realize in stove
xburning, but this method is comparatively large to the limitation of gas, is applicable to the boiler of stable source of the gas, higher to the requirement of source of the gas, and the SO in flue gas
xneed to process separately.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model proposes a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system and boiler combustion system, reduces the discharge of pollutent in process of coal combustion as much as possible.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, comprising: fume extraction subsystem, for extracting flue gas, and is responsible for the described flue gas of conveying;
Pyrolysis subsystem, for carrying out pyrolysis by described flue gas to the coal dust received, produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke;
Semicoke activator system, for activate described semicoke and shaping;
Pollutant Treatment subsystem, for the NO produced boiler fuel combustion by described pyrolysis gas
xreduce, and by the described semicoke after shaping, desulfurization process is carried out to described boiler fuel combustion produced pollution thing.
Further, described fume extraction subsystem comprises fume extraction pipeline, and the first end of described fume extraction pipeline is connected with boiler, and the second end of described fume extraction pipeline is connected with described pyrolysis subsystem.
Further, after described first end is positioned at the reheater being arranged on described boiler and before economizer.
Further, the temperature of described flue gas is 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.
Further, described fume extraction subsystem also comprises flue gas blower fan, and described flue gas blower fan provides power for extracting described flue gas.
Further, described pyrolysis subsystem comprises pulverized coal pyrolysis stove and pyrolysis product outlet pipe, described flue gas and described coal dust enter described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove respectively by the flue gas entrance be arranged on described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove and pulverized coal injection entrance, and described pyrolysis product outlet pipe is arranged at the exit of described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove.
Further, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises at least one coal dust injector, and described coal dust injector is connected with described pulverized coal injection entrance, for being sprayed in described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove by described coal dust.
Further, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises cyclonic separator, and described cyclonic separator is arranged at described pyrolysis product outlet pipe place, for being separated with described semicoke described pyrolysis gas.
Further, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises fires gas pipeline again, and described pyrolysis gas can be delivered in described boiler by the described gas pipeline that fires again.
Further, described semicoke activator system comprises semicoke activating apparatus and semicoke shaped device, described semicoke activating apparatus for receiving described semicoke, and activates described semicoke, and described semicoke shaped device is used for the described semicoke after to activation and carries out shaping.
Further, described semicoke activating apparatus is provided with at least one water-in and at least one vapour outlet, at least one water-in described is arranged at the position on the lower, centre of described semicoke activating apparatus, and at least one vapour outlet described is arranged at the upside of described semicoke activating apparatus.
For achieving the above object, the utility model additionally provides a kind of boiler combustion system, comprise boiler and above-mentioned pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, be provided with and fire gas burner and main combustion unit again in wherein said boiler, the described gas burner that fires again is connected with the described gas pipeline that fires again.
Further, describedly the top that gas burner is arranged at described main combustion unit is fired again.
Further, the described gas pipeline that fires again is divided into two-way after described pyrolysis subsystem is drawn, and what a road entered the side of described boiler fires gas burner again, and what another road entered the opposite side of described boiler fires gas burner again.
Further, described boiler combustion system also comprises coal-char combustion device, and described coal-char combustion device is for the described semicoke through desulfurization and drying treatment after the inactivation that burns.
Further, described in described coal-char combustion device is arranged at, fire the below of gas burner again, and above described main combustion unit.
Further, described boiler combustion system also comprises burnout degree burner, fires the top of gas burner described in described burnout degree burner is arranged at again, for ensureing the combustiblematerials after-flame in described boiler.
Further, described main combustion unit comprises upper strata burner, middle level burner and lower floor's burner, carries out fractional combustion to the fuel entering described boiler.
Based on technique scheme, the utility model, by the flue gas produced in boiler is transported to pulverized coal pyrolysis stove, carries out pyrolysis to coal dust, produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke, this pyrolysis gas has restoring function, passes in boiler by this pyrolysis gas, the NO in the pollutent that can produce boiler fuel combustion
xreduce, pyrolytic process produce semicoke activated shaping after, can as sorbent boiler fuel combustion produce SO
x, thus reach the object of the discharge of decreasing pollution thing and protection of the environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present utility model, for explaining the utility model, is not formed improper restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the composition structural representation of the utility model pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model boiler combustion system embodiment.
In figure: 1-coal dust injector, 2-pulverized coal pyrolysis stove, 3-pyrolysis product outlet pipe, 4-cyclonic separator, 5-vapour outlet, 6-water-in, 7-semicoke activating apparatus, 8-semicoke shaped device, 9-fires gas burner again, 10-fires gas pipeline again, 11-boiler, 12-flue gas blower fan, 13-burnout degree burner, 14-coal-char combustion device, 15-upper strata burner, 16-middle level burner, 17-lower floor burner, 18-economizer, 19-fume extraction pipeline, 20-reheater, 21-air preheater, 22-fly-ash separator, 23-desulfurizer, 24-chimney.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in embodiment is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present utility model, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiment of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
In description of the present utility model, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " transverse direction ", " longitudinal direction ", " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " on ", D score, " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the utility model and simplified characterization for convenience of description, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore the restriction to the utility model protection domain can not be interpreted as.
First the term that will relate in the utility model is made an explanation, as follows:
Pyrolysis of coal: refer to that coal heats under the condition of isolated air, the complex process of a series of physical change and chemical transformation occurs coal at different temperatures.
Semicoke: a kind of solid product having very short blue flame when burning being that coal dust obtains after certain temperature destructive distillation, and inside has abundant pore texture.
Activation: refer to semicoke through physics or chemistry method process after, by being expanded by the micropore of semicoke inside, closed pore opens the method for the physical structure changing semicoke surface.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and multiple embodiment, utility model content of the present utility model is set forth.
First, produce the problem compared with multi-pollutant to solve coal combustion in prior art as much as possible, the utility model provides a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, as shown in Figure 1, for the composition structural representation of the utility model pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, this system comprises:
Fume extraction subsystem, for extracting flue gas, and is responsible for the described flue gas of conveying;
Pyrolysis subsystem, for carrying out pyrolysis by described flue gas to the coal dust received, produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke;
Semicoke activator system, for activate described semicoke and shaping;
Pollutant Treatment subsystem, for the NO produced boiler 11 fuel combustion by described pyrolysis gas
xreduce, and by the described semicoke after shaping, desulfurization process is carried out to described boiler 11 fuel combustion produced pollution thing.
The pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system that the utility model proposes, by pulverized coal pyrolysis, gas reburning reductive NO
xtechnology and desulfurization technology combine, and form integrated process, and the pyrolysis gas that pulverized coal pyrolysis produces comprises CO
2, CO, H
2, HCN, C
xh
y, H
2o etc., wherein H
2, HCN, C
xh
yto NO
xthere is very strong reductive action, therefore the utility model utilizes gas reburning reductive NO
xtechnology, sends into reburning zone in stove by pulverized coal pyrolysis gas, by the NO that primary combustion zone coal dust firing produces
xbe reduced to N
2, the heat smoke namely utilizing system self to produce makes coal dust produce pyrolysis gas, thus to NO
xreduce, can by reburning technology in stove by NO after choosing the suitable ratio of combustion again
xby being lower level, reach denitration object.In addition, the remaining semicoke of pyrolysis uses as desulfuration adsorbent, can arrange SCR device just can meet environmental requirement at back-end ductwork, absorption SO
xafter byproduct after treatment can also send into burner hearth and burn, improve the utilization ratio of material.
The utility model using the semicoke of one of the product as pulverized coal pyrolysis as sorbent material, supply is arranged on the desulfurizer 23 of boiler back end ductwork, wherein there are multiple choices the position of desulfurizer 23, after such as can being arranged at the fly-ash separator 22 of back-end ductwork, adsorption desulfurize process is carried out to boiler fuel combustion produced pollution thing, flue gas after process is discharged by chimney 24, farthest can reduce the discharge of sulfurous pollutants, reduce the cost of investment of equipment, do not need again specialized designs set of system to carry out desulfurization, pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system of the present utility model utilizes reductive NO
xanother product that process produces can reach the object of desulfurization, simple, practical and economical.
The utility model utilizes flue gas (temperature of flue gas can be 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C) to carry out pyrolysis as thermal source to coal dust, the atmosphere residing for pulverized coal pyrolysis is in turn ensure that while ensureing temperature, the quality of pyrolysis gas is guaranteed, gas source problem is fired in good solution again, reduce the interference that boiler is normally run, make full use of the energy, reach the object of denitration, simple and reliable, practical.
In one embodiment, described fume extraction subsystem comprises fume extraction pipeline 19, and the first end of described fume extraction pipeline 19 is connected with boiler 11, and the second end of described fume extraction pipeline 19 is connected with described pyrolysis subsystem.
Wherein, the source of described flue gas has a variety of, and the temperature of flue gas also has multiple choices, preferably, after described first end is positioned at the reheater 20 being arranged on described boiler 11 and before economizer 18.
Preferably, the utility model adopt the temperature after reheater before economizer be the heat smoke of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C as thermal source, pyrolysis is carried out to coal dust.Adopt the overall atmosphere that this pyrolysis way can effectively control in pulverized coal pyrolysis stove, because when carrying out pyrolysis to coal dust, the impact of oxygen on the pyrolysis gas composition that pyrolytic process produces is very large, oxygen content is lower, in pyrolysis gas, the share of reducing atmosphere will be higher, therefore use heat smoke as thermal source, can effectively avoid being mixed into of air.The oxygen content of flue gas is lower herein, the quality of the gaseous constituent after effectively can ensureing pulverized coal pyrolysis.
Temperature as flue gas is preferably 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, mainly considers: the first, and this temperature range can meet the temperature needed for pulverized coal pyrolysis; The second, the flue-gas temperature of boiler reheater outlet is generally at about 800 DEG C; 3rd, require too high to the material of associated conduit when temperature is too high, and operationally there is potential safety hazard.Therefore, after considering above factor, after the extraction position of required flue gas is set to reheater and before economizer, flue-gas temperature is chosen as 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.Certainly, uprise or step-down if pyrolysis is temperature required, the material of pipeline also can meet requirements at the higher level by improving, and the extraction position of flue gas and temperature can also have other multiple choices.
In another embodiment, described fume extraction subsystem also comprises flue gas blower fan 12, and described flue gas blower fan 12 provides power for extracting described flue gas.
In one embodiment, described pyrolysis subsystem can comprise pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 and pyrolysis product outlet pipe 3, described flue gas and described coal dust enter described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 respectively by the flue gas entrance be arranged on described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 and pulverized coal injection entrance, and described pyrolysis product outlet pipe 3 is arranged at the exit of described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2.
Preferably, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises at least one coal dust injector 1, and described coal dust injector 1 is connected with described pulverized coal injection entrance, for being sprayed in described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 by described coal dust.
More preferably, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises cyclonic separator 4, and described cyclonic separator 4 is arranged at described pyrolysis product outlet pipe 3 place, for being separated with described semicoke described pyrolysis gas.
The mode that pyrolysis gas and semicoke carry out being separated is had a variety of, acts on as long as can be realized it.Such as, can adopt cyclonic separator or other there is the device of centrifugation, both are separated, pyrolysis gas are passed into boiler, semicoke is delivered to semicoke activating apparatus and activates.
In addition, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises fires gas pipeline 10 again, and described pyrolysis gas can be delivered in described boiler 11 by the described gas pipeline 10 that fires again.
In one embodiment, described semicoke activator system comprises semicoke activating apparatus 7 and semicoke shaped device 8, described semicoke activating apparatus 7 for receiving described semicoke, and activates described semicoke, and described semicoke shaped device 8 is for carrying out shaping to the described semicoke after activation.
In above-described embodiment, the object activated semicoke is opened the expansion of the micropore of semicoke inside, closed pore, thus change the physical structure on semicoke surface, makes it to have adsorption function, such semicoke can be used as sorbent material, carries out desulfurization to the pollutent that boiler fuel combustion produces.The mode wherein activated semicoke has a variety of, comprise physics with chemistry.
A kind of important products after pulverized coal pyrolysis is exactly semicoke, semicoke inside has extremely flourishing microvoid structure, after activation modification, semicoke has stronger adsorption, therefore the utility model adopts a kind of simple effective method of modifying to carry out modification to semicoke product, namely adopt the activation method mixed with water by semicoke activating apparatus by the semicoke product of high temperature, the surface-area of semicoke inside is increased, using as SO
xsorbent material use, therefore in the utility model, sweetening process does not need to adopt catalytic reduction technique, and then the SCR denitration device being arranged in back-end ductwork adopted normal in prior art can be cancelled or capacity reducing, to save capital construction and running cost.
In addition, described semicoke activating apparatus 7 can be arranged at least one water-in 6 and at least one vapour outlet 5, at least one water-in 6 described is arranged at the position on the lower, centre of described semicoke activating apparatus 7, and at least one vapour outlet 5 described is arranged at the upside of described semicoke activating apparatus 7.The utility model utilizes the solid semicoke of water to high temperature directly to activate, forming technique is directly utilized to carry out heat treatment after activation, water-in is arranged at middle upper position, be convenient to water coolant directly contact with high-temp solid semicoke, vapour outlet is arranged at upside, be convenient to water coolant and run into the defocused direct boiling of high-temp solid half, discharge from upside vapour outlet.
Water is adopted to activate semicoke, simple and reliable, rapidly, fully semicoke can be activated, and then utilize semicoke shaped device to process the semicoke after activation, form the effigurate active carbocoal of tool, namely this active carbocoal can be used as sorbent material and carries out adsorption desulfurize to the pollutent that boiler fuel combustion produces.
Above-mentioned setting can conservation, and the effect of proterctive equipment safe operation can be played, when the lifting capacity of boiler is not too large, suitably can increase the straying quatity of coal dust, the extraction amount of suitable increasing flue gas, thus accelerate pulverized coal pyrolysis process, produce more pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and then corresponding increasing is also needed to the input amount of the water that semicoke activates, desulphurization denitration is greatly carried out to pollutent; When the lifting capacity of boiler acquires a certain degree, the straying quatity of coal dust and the extraction amount of flue gas can be controlled, the speed of pulverized coal pyrolysis is lowered, the input amount to the water that semicoke activates can be reduced simultaneously, both the energy was saved, boiler overload operation can be prevented again, cause the damage of equipment.
Based on above-mentioned pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, the utility model also proposes a kind of boiler combustion system, as shown in Figure 2, is the structural representation of the utility model boiler combustion system embodiment.This boiler combustion system comprises boiler 11 and above-mentioned pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, be provided with in wherein said boiler 11 and fire gas burner 9 and main combustion unit again, described pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system comprises and fires gas pipeline 10 again, and the described gas burner 9 that fires again is connected with the described gas pipeline 10 that fires again.
Preferably, describedly the top that gas burner 9 is arranged at described main combustion unit is fired again.
Can there be multiple choices the position of firing gas burner again, but the gas that fuel combustion produces all upwards coils liter, gas burner can be fired again preferably be arranged at the top of main combustion unit, the pollutent making fuel combustion produce like this is all by firing the cross section of gas burner present position again, fire gas burner again and fire gas pipeline again and be connected, firing in gas pipeline is the pyrolysis gas with reducing property that pyrolysis produces again, can by the NO in pollutent
xbe reduced to N
2.
More preferably, the described gas pipeline 10 that fires again is divided into two-way after described pyrolysis subsystem is drawn, and what a road entered the side of described boiler 11 fires gas burner 9 again, and what another road entered the opposite side of described boiler 11 fires gas burner 9 again.Two-way will be become by combustion gas body pipeline shunt again, and the degree of mixing of the flue gas that pyrolysis gas and primary combustion zone produce in boiler can be strengthened, make reduction more abundant.
In one embodiment, described boiler combustion system also comprises coal-char combustion device 14, and described coal-char combustion device 14 is for the described semicoke through desulfurization and drying treatment after the inactivation that burns.After semi-coke adsorbent after having adsorbed is carried out desulfurization and drying treatment, again as fuel, coal-char combustion device can be sent into and burnt, improved the utilization ratio of material.
Wherein, carry out dry process to semicoke and the flue gas after being taken from air preheater, air preheater 21 can be adopted to be arranged between economizer 18 and fly-ash separator 22, the flue-gas temperature after air preheater can meet needed for drying, and can not have an impact to boiler efficiency.The effect of air preheater is that the air needed for boiler and flue gas are carried out heat exchange, make preheating of air, if the flue gas extracting elsewhere carries out drying to semicoke, flue gas before such as choosing air preheater, although temperature also can meet dry temperature requirement, but can cause and be reduced by the exhaust gas volumn of air preheater, the air themperature after making heat exchange reduces, thus makes boiler efficiency reduce.Certainly, if there is the flue gas of elsewhere also can meet needed for drying, can not boiler efficiency be affected again, also can be used for carrying out drying to semicoke.
In another embodiment, described in described coal-char combustion device 14 is arranged at, fire the below of gas burner 9 again, and above described main combustion unit.Coal-char combustion device is arranged in and fires between gas burner and upper strata burner again, can ensure semicoke can perfect combustion and do not affect boiler do not burn thermosteresis.
Preferably, described boiler combustion system also comprises burnout degree burner 13, fires the top of gas burner 9 described in described burnout degree burner 13 is arranged at again, for ensureing the combustiblematerials after-flame in described boiler 11.The object of after-flame process makes full combustion of fuel, avoids fuel half burning or combustion not to the utmost, cause the waste of resource.
More preferably, described main combustion unit comprises upper strata burner 15, middle level burner 16 and lower floor's burner 17, carries out fractional combustion to the fuel entering described boiler 11.
Wherein, coal-char combustion device 14, upper strata burner 15, middle level burner 16 and lower floor's burner 17 constitute the primary combustion zone of boiler, main combustion unit is divided into three grate firing burners, realize the air classifying technology of firing again in reducing gas technology and low-NO_x combustion technology to combine, can by the NO of boiler furnace outlet
xbe down to environmental requirement level, meet the requirement of environmental protection.
Wherein, air classifying technology refers to by multiple burner, carries out stage treatment to the air be delivered in boiler, thus the generation of nitrogen-containing pollutant in control combustion process, reduce the NO that boiler fuel combustion produces
x, do not adopt air classifying technology herein, the utility model still can reach and utilize pyrolysis gas reductive NO
xobject, but pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system of the present utility model is by pyrolysis gas reductive NO of the present utility model
xtechnology combine with the air classifying technology adopted in the main combustion processes in boiler, can the discharge of farthest decreasing pollution thing, make the pollutent meet the requirement of environmental protection entered in the flue gas of air.
Below the working process of pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system of the present utility model and a boiler combustion system embodiment is described:
First, be the flue gas extraction of 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C by the temperature before economizer 18 in boiler 11 by flue gas blower fan 12, be sent in pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 by fume extraction pipeline 19, the coal dust utilizing pulverized coal preparation system to grind is sprayed in pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 by least one the coal dust injector 1 be arranged in above pulverized coal pyrolysis stove 2 simultaneously, then pyrolysis is carried out to coal dust.
The second, the semicoke that coal dust produces through pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas are sent in cyclonic separator 4 through pyrolysis product outlet pipe 3, and after semicoke is separated by cyclonic separator with pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas of gained (comprises CO
2, CO, H
2, HCN, C
xh
y, H
2o etc.) deliver to fire gas burner 9 again through firing gas pipeline 10 again, then fire gas burner 9 and sprayed into burner hearth and burn.
3rd, due to the region of location arrangements more than burnout degree burner less than 13 and main combustion zone of firing gas burner 9 again, pyrolysis gas after this region sprays into burner hearth, the H in pyrolysis gas
2, HCN, C
xh
ydeng the NO that reducing gas can make primary combustion zone fuel produce
xthere is reduction reaction, thus generate N
2.Meanwhile, can also by with the air classifying technology of primary combustion zone low-NO_x combustion technology with the use of, by the NO that coal dust firing in burner hearth produces
xdrop to the level of environmental requirement discharge.
4th, pulverized coal pyrolysis mixture (semicoke and the pyrolysis gas) solid product-temperature after cyclonic separator 4 is separated maintains the semicoke of higher level, enters in semicoke activating apparatus 7 and activates.
Concrete active principles is: the utility model adopts water to activate high-temperature semi-coke, and on semicoke activating apparatus 7, the water-in 6 first by being arranged in lower portion passes into water, and water runs into high-temperature semi-coke and becomes steam, discharges from vapour outlet 5.Semicoke after steam activation, enters semicoke shaped device 8 from the outlet of semicoke activating apparatus 7, and semicoke becomes the effigurate active carbocoal of tool after semicoke shaped device 8 processes.
5th, the active carbocoal after shaping as sorbent material, can use for the desulfurizer 23 being positioned at boiler back-end ductwork.Semi-coke adsorbent has certain absorption life-span, after the semicoke inactivation after activation, can after Water spray desulfurization process, the flue gas after air preheater 21 is utilized to carry out drying to it, semicoke after drying can use as fuel after fragmentation, sends into burner hearth burn by coal-char combustion device 14.
In addition, according to the load condition of boiler, the quantity of coal dust injector 1 and the flow of flue gas blower fan 12 that put into operation can be regulated, namely regulates the straying quatity of coal dust and the extraction amount of flue gas blower fan, thus the generation of pyrolysis gas and semicoke is controlled in operational process; The vapour outlet 5 simultaneously put into operation and the quantity of water-in 6 also change thereupon, namely need the input amount of water in corresponding adjustment semicoke reactivation process.Specifically, when the load of boiler is lower, needed for boiler, fuel is also less, and the pollutent of generation also reduces thereupon, now can reduce the coal dust straying quatity of pyrolysis oven, suitably reduces fume extraction amount; Otherwise when boiler load is higher, the fuel needed for boiler increases, the pollutent produced also increases thereupon, now can increase the coal dust straying quatity of pyrolysis oven, suitably increases fume extraction amount, while adjustment sprays into coal dust amount, also regulate the input amount of the water to semicoke activation.
The utility model utilizes the know-why of smoke gas pyrolysis coal dust, well solves the problem of desulfurization and denitration.Oxygen content in flue gas is lower, the quality of the gaseous constituent after effectively can ensureing pulverized coal pyrolysis.The NO that the utility model utilizes pyrolysis gas can will produce in process of coal combustion as combustion gas body again
xbe down to the level of environmental requirement, initial cost and the working cost of denitrating flue gas treatment S CR equipment can be reduced, and the utility model is well direct as desulfuration adsorbent use through activation treatment using pyrolysis product semicoke, and the semicoke after using can also burn as fuel in desulfurization process.The SO that the utility model produces in process process of coal combustion
xand NO
xin time, drop to minimum to the pollution of environment, greatly reduce initial cost and the working cost of desulphurization denitration.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that the technical solution of the utility model is not intended to limit; Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field have been to be understood that: still can modify to embodiment of the present utility model or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of the utility model request protection.
Claims (18)
1. a pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Fume extraction subsystem, for extracting flue gas, and is responsible for the described flue gas of conveying;
Pyrolysis subsystem, for carrying out pyrolysis by described flue gas to the coal dust received, produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke;
Semicoke activator system, for activate described semicoke and shaping;
Pollutant Treatment subsystem, for the NO produced boiler (11) fuel combustion by described pyrolysis gas
xreduce, and by the described semicoke after shaping, desulfurization process is carried out to described boiler (11) fuel combustion produced pollution thing.
2. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fume extraction subsystem comprises fume extraction pipeline (19), the first end of described fume extraction pipeline (19) is connected with boiler (11), and the second end of described fume extraction pipeline (19) is connected with described pyrolysis subsystem.
3. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, after described first end is positioned at the reheater (20) being arranged on described boiler (11) and before economizer (18).
4. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the temperature of described flue gas is 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.
5. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described fume extraction subsystem also comprises flue gas blower fan (12), and described flue gas blower fan (12) provides power for extracting described flue gas.
6. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis subsystem comprises pulverized coal pyrolysis stove (2) and pyrolysis product outlet pipe (3), described flue gas and described coal dust enter described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove (2) respectively by the flue gas entrance be arranged on described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove (2) and pulverized coal injection entrance, and described pyrolysis product outlet pipe (3) is arranged at the exit of described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove (2).
7. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises at least one coal dust injector (1), described coal dust injector (1) is connected with described pulverized coal injection entrance, for being sprayed into by described coal dust in described pulverized coal pyrolysis stove (2).
8. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises cyclonic separator (4), described cyclonic separator (4) is arranged at described pyrolysis product outlet pipe (3) place, for being separated with described semicoke described pyrolysis gas.
9. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis subsystem also comprises fires gas pipeline (10) again, and described pyrolysis gas can be delivered in described boiler (11) by the described gas pipeline (10) that fires again.
10. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described semicoke activator system comprises semicoke activating apparatus (7) and semicoke shaped device (8), described semicoke activating apparatus (7) is for receiving described semicoke, and described semicoke is activated, described semicoke shaped device (8) is for carrying out shaping to the described semicoke after activation.
11. pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described semicoke activating apparatus (7) is provided with at least one water-in (6) and at least one vapour outlet (5), described at least one water-in (6) is arranged at the position on the lower, centre of described semicoke activating apparatus (7), and described at least one vapour outlet (5) is arranged at the upside of described semicoke activating apparatus (7).
12. 1 kinds of boiler combustion systems, it is characterized in that, comprise boiler (11) and the pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system as described in any one of claim 1-11, be provided with in wherein said boiler (11) and fire gas burner (9) and main combustion unit again, described pulverized coal pyrolysis pollutant disposal system comprises and fires gas pipeline (10) again, and the described gas burner (9) that fires again is connected with the described gas pipeline (10) that fires again.
13. boiler combustion systems according to claim 12, is characterized in that, describedly fire the top that gas burner (9) is arranged at described main combustion unit again.
14. boiler combustion systems according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, the described gas pipeline (10) that fires again is divided into two-way after described pyrolysis subsystem is drawn, what one tunnel entered the side of described boiler (11) fires gas burner (9) again, and what another road entered the opposite side of described boiler (11) fires gas burner (9) again.
15. boiler combustion systems according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described boiler combustion system also comprises coal-char combustion device (14), and described coal-char combustion device (14) is for the described semicoke through desulfurization and drying treatment after the inactivation that burns.
16. boiler combustion systems according to claim 15, is characterized in that, fire the below of gas burner (9) described in described coal-char combustion device (14) is arranged at again, and above described main combustion unit.
17. boiler combustion systems according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described boiler combustion system also comprises burnout degree burner (13), the top of gas burner (9) is fired again, for ensureing the combustiblematerials after-flame in described boiler (11) described in described burnout degree burner (13) is arranged at.
18. boiler combustion systems according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described main combustion unit comprises upper strata burner (15), middle level burner (16) and lower floor's burner (17), carries out fractional combustion to the fuel entering described boiler (11).
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| CN108151008B (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2019-03-12 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of mixed combustion system and method for power boiler low NOx of high-temperature flue gas preheating semicoke |
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