CN109109365B

CN109109365B - Biochar extrusion forming machine

Info

Publication number: CN109109365B
Application number: CN201810840735.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖林; 张珂; 申伟刚; 沈阳; 王珍珍; 李进孝
Original assignee: Hebei University of Engineering
Current assignee: Hebei University of Engineering
Priority date: 2018-07-27
Filing date: 2018-07-27
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-27
Also published as: CN109109365A

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of biochar processing, and provides a biochar extrusion molding machine which comprises a base, a feed hopper, a main pressure cabin, a first guide cabin, a driving device, a crushing cabin, a second guide cabin and a matched control device, wherein the feed hopper, the main pressure cabin, the first guide cabin, the driving device, the crushing cabin, the second guide cabin and the matched control device are arranged on the base, the main pressure cabin is internally provided with an extrusion device for pressing and molding biochar, the power output end of the driving device is connected with the extrusion device, the second guide cabin is communicated with the main pressure cabin, the feed hopper is communicated with the second guide cabin through the crushing cabin, the crushing cabin is internally provided with a crushing mechanism for rotatably cutting and crushing large biochar, and the crushing mechanism is connected with the power. According to the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the invention, the crushing cabin for rotationally cutting and crushing large biochar is additionally arranged between the feed hopper and the main pressure cabin, so that the large biochar is divided into small biochar blocks which are easy to press, and the influence on the quality of a finished product due to the large biochar blocks is avoided.

Description

Biochar extrusion forming machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biochar processing, and particularly relates to a biochar extrusion molding machine.

Background

Along with the increase of energy consumption, the world energy consumption is increasingly tense, renewable energy is more and more valued by governments of various countries in order to relieve the energy crisis, China also pays considerable attention to renewable energy, among the renewable energy, biomass energy has a very important position, China is a big agricultural country, most of rich straw resources are directly burned or discarded, and the rich straw resources cannot be effectively and fully utilized.

According to the biochar extrusion molding machine in the prior art, large biochar blocks are generated during pressing, the large biochar blocks are not easy to press, and the quality of pressed finished products is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a biochar extrusion molding machine, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, a feed hopper is mixed with large biochar to cause poor quality of a molded product.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the biochar extrusion forming machine comprises a base, a feed hopper, a main pressure cabin, a first guide cabin, a driving device and a matched control device, wherein the feed hopper, the main pressure cabin, the first guide cabin, the driving device and the matched control device are arranged on the base, the feed hopper, the main pressure cabin and the first guide cabin are sequentially communicated, the main pressure cabin is internally provided with an extrusion device for pressing biochar to form, and the power output end of the driving device is connected with the extrusion device; the biological carbon extrusion molding machine is still including setting up broken cabin and second on the base lead the cabin, the second lead the cabin with main ballast intercommunication, the feeder hopper passes through broken cabin with the cabin intercommunication is led to the second, broken intra-cabin is equipped with the broken mechanism that is used for rotatory cutting, broken bold biological carbon, broken mechanism with drive arrangement's power take off end links to each other.

Further, broken cabin includes broken mechanism sub-storehouse and pay-off sub-storehouse, broken mechanism sets up in the broken mechanism sub-storehouse, broken mechanism sub-storehouse through advance lead mouthful with the feeder hopper switches on, broken mechanism sub-storehouse passes through the pay-off sub-storehouse with the cabin is led to the second switches on, be equipped with the impeller that leads that is used for forming the pay-off air current in the pay-off sub-storehouse.

Furthermore, an electric valve for controlling communication is arranged between the crushing mechanism sub-bin and the feeding sub-bin, and the electric valve is electrically connected with the control device.

Furthermore, the crushing device also comprises a transmission mechanism, and the guide impeller and the crushing mechanism are respectively connected with the power output end of the driving device through the transmission mechanism.

Furthermore, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission guide rod, a switching rod, a bevel gear set, a guide rod and a switching wheel, wherein the transmission guide rod is connected with the power output end of the driving device, the bevel gear set is connected with the transmission guide rod in a power transmission mode, the guide rod is connected with the switching rod in a belt transmission mode or in a chain transmission mode, the switching rod is connected with the guide blade wheel belt in a transmission mode, the guide rod is connected with the switching wheel belt in a transmission mode, and the switching wheel is connected with the crushing mechanism in a belt transmission mode or in a chain transmission mode.

Furthermore, the adapter rod comprises a first adapter rod, a second adapter rod and an electric clutch electrically connected with the control device, the first adapter rod is connected with the second adapter rod through the electric clutch, the first adapter rod is in transmission connection with the transmission guide rod or in chain transmission connection with the transmission guide rod, and the second adapter rod is in transmission connection with the guide vane wheel belt.

Furthermore, the crushing cabin also comprises a closed accommodating sub-cabin, and the transmission mechanism is arranged in the accommodating sub-cabin.

Further, the automatic feeding device also comprises a rod outlet communicated with the first guide cabin and a tray used for receiving finished rod materials, wherein the rod outlet and the first guide cabin are of an integrated structure.

Furthermore, the driving device comprises a motor and a driving mechanism which is connected with the motor in a power mode, and the power output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and the extruding device.

Further, still include the drive cabin, actuating mechanism sets up in the drive cabin.

According to the extrusion molding machine for the biochar, the crushing cabin for rotationally cutting and crushing the large biochar is additionally arranged between the feed hopper and the main pressure cabin, so that the large biochar is divided into small biochar blocks which are easy to press, and the influence on the quality of finished products due to the large biochar blocks is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biochar extrusion molding machine provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the crushing chamber and the transmission mechanism of FIG. 1;

in the figure: 1-a first pod; 2-a tray; 3-a rod outlet; 4-a feed hopper; 5, driving the cabin; 6, a motor; 7-a motor base; 8-a second pod; 9-a base; 10-a main ballast; 11-a crushing cabin; 1101-an outer protective shell; 1102-a feeding sub-bin; 1103-driving guide rod; 1104-an adapter rod; 1105-a lead rod; 1106-transfer wheel; 1107-inlet guide; 1108-a crushing cutter wheel; 1109-electric valve; 1110 — guide vanes.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that the terms "length," "width," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," "tail," and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are used for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

It is also noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Further, "plurality" or "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an embodiment of a bio-char extrusion molding machine according to the present invention will now be described. The biochar extrusion molding machine comprises a base 9, a feed hopper 4, a crushing cabin 11, a second guide cabin 8, a main ballast 10, a first guide cabin 1, a driving device and a matched control device. The feed hopper 4, the crushing cabin 11, the second pod 8, the main ballast 10, the first pod 1 and the drive means are all arranged on a base 9, and the control means may be arranged on the base 9 or directly on the ground for controlling the operation of the entire machine.

The second pod 8 and the first pod 1 are mainly used for guiding the biochar, the process product or the finished product to flow according to a given circuit. Be equipped with in main ballast 10 and be used for suppressing the fashioned extrusion device of biological charcoal, drive arrangement's power take off end with extrusion device links to each other, and extrusion device and drive arrangement are extrusion respectively or are used for the driven conventional structure, and the cabin 8 is led to the second and first cabin 1 of leading can be conventional transport mechanism or transfer passage, and it is no longer repeated here. Feed hopper 4, broken cabin 11, second lead cabin 8, main ballast 10 and first lead cabin 1 and communicate in proper order, and feed hopper 4 leads cabin 8 intercommunication through broken cabin 11 and second, is equipped with the broken mechanism that is used for rotatory cutting, broken bold biochar in broken cabin 11, and broken mechanism links to each other with drive arrangement's power take off end. The crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing cabin 11 and can rotate in the crushing cabin 11, and can be a common rotary cutting structure such as a hob, a grinding wheel and the like, and can cut large biochar into small particles or powder.

The application process of the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the operator puts into the feeder hopper 4 with the charcoal earlier, later the charcoal enters into broken cabin 11 via feeder hopper 4, and cut the charcoal by broken mechanism, make bold charcoal become easily suppress, do not influence the fritter charcoal of finished product quality, later the charcoal after the cutting leads the cabin 8 to enter into main ballast 10 via the second, and accomplish the extrusion work of charcoal by extrusion device in main ballast 10, the finished product carbon stick after the shaping leads the cabin 1 via first and exports.

According to the extrusion molding machine for the biochar provided by the embodiment of the invention, the crushing cabin for rotationally cutting and crushing the large biochar is additionally arranged between the feed hopper and the main pressure cabin, so that the large biochar is divided into small biochar blocks which are easy to press, and the influence on the quality of a finished product due to the large biochar blocks is avoided.

Further, the crushing chamber 11 is enclosed by an outer casing 1101.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the crushing mechanism includes at least one set of crushing cutter wheels 1108, and the crushing cutter wheels 1108 are cutting wheels having a circle of slices. Have two broken break knife flywheel 1108 in every group, and two broken knife flywheel 1108 of the same group are listed as the interval setting, and the axis parallel arrangement of two broken knife flywheel 1108, and the bold biochar can flow into and carry out faster cutting between two broken knife flywheel 1108 of the same group like this.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the crushing chamber 11 includes a crushing mechanism sub-chamber and a feeding sub-chamber 1102, the crushing mechanism sub-chamber is communicated with the feeding hopper 4 through a feeding guide opening 1107, the crushing mechanism sub-chamber is communicated with the second guide chamber 8 through the feeding sub-chamber 1102, and the crushing mechanism is disposed in the crushing mechanism sub-chamber. A guide vane wheel 1110 for forming a feeding airflow is arranged in the feeding sub-bin 1102. The crushed biochar particles or powder are light, and wind energy generated by the guide impeller 1110 flows from the crushing mechanism sub-bin, flows through the feed hopper 4 and finally flows into the second guide cabin 8. The airflow of the guide impeller 1110 is utilized to realize the transportation and flowing of the broken biochar, the structure is simple, the occupied space is saved, the broken biochar can be transported more cleanly, and the second guide cabin 8 cannot be mistakenly transported to the large biochar.

Optionally, the guide vane wheel 1110 is located at an upper position of the feeding sub-bin 1102, and does not affect the flow of the crushed biochar.

Further, referring to fig. 2, an electric valve 1109 for controlling communication is arranged between the crushing mechanism sub-bin and the feeding sub-bin 1102, and the electric valve 1106 is electrically connected with the control device. Generally, the control device controls the activation of the electrically operated valve 1109 when the guide vane wheel 1110 is activated.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes a transmission mechanism, the guide impeller 1110 and the crushing mechanism are respectively connected with the power output end of the driving device through the transmission mechanism, that is, the guide impeller 1110 and the crushing mechanism use the same power (transmission mechanism), the structure is simple, and the cost is saved.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to 2, as an embodiment of the extrusion molding machine for bio-char provided by the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission guide 1103 connected to a power output end of the driving device, an adapter 1104, a bevel gear set connected to the transmission guide 1103, a guide bar 1105 connected to the bevel gear set, and an adapter 1106. The bevel gear set is used for solving the space transmission problem and can also be used for balancing various transmission forces. Alternatively, drive linkage 1103, transition link 1104, and transition link 1105 are conventional drive linkage structures,

the transmission guide rod 1103 is in belt transmission connection or chain transmission connection with the adapter rod 1104, and the adapter rod 1104 is in belt transmission connection with the guide vane wheel 1110, wherein the adapter rod 1104 and the guide vane wheel 1110 can adopt crossed or semi-crossed belt transmission to solve the problem of space transmission (different surfaces of a transmission shaft). The connecting rod 1105 is connected with the switching wheel 1106 in a belt transmission manner, wherein the connecting rod 1105 and the switching wheel 1106 can adopt a crossed or semi-crossed belt transmission manner to solve the problem of space transmission (different surfaces of a transmission shaft), and the switching wheel 1106 is connected with the crushing mechanism in a belt transmission manner or in a chain transmission manner.

Alternatively, docking bar 1105 is a docking adapter, which may be of a type DM0.5-20, capable of changing the direction of drive, with a single step ratio of up to 6 and up to 8. Lead and connect ware and controlling means electric connection, lead and connect the ware through setting up, can change broken mechanism's direction of rotation according to actual demand to excise bulk biochar better.

Further, please refer to fig. 2, the crushing cabin further comprises a closed accommodating sub-cabin, and the transmission mechanism is disposed in the accommodating sub-cabin, so that the transmission mechanism disposed in the accommodating sub-cabin is substantially separated from the biochar, thereby preventing the biochar from polluting the transmission mechanism and prolonging the service life of the transmission mechanism.

Through the ingenious space transmission design, the function that the guide vane wheel 1110 and the crushing mechanism use the same transmission guide rod 1103 as the power starting end is realized, the design that the transmission mechanism is basically arranged in the same closed accommodating sub-bin is realized, the occupied space of the whole transmission mechanism is small, and the size of the whole machine is saved.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the adapting rod 1104 includes a first adapting rod, a second adapting rod and an electric clutch electrically connected to the control device, the first adapting rod is connected to the second adapting rod through the electric clutch, the first adapting rod is in belt driving connection/chain driving connection with the driving guide rod 1103, the second adapting rod is in belt driving connection with the guide vane wheel 1110, and the electric clutch controls whether the first adapting rod and the second adapting rod act synchronously. When the electric valve 1109 is used specifically, the electric clutch and the electric valve 1109 can be started by related actions, that is, when the control device controls the electric valve 1109 to be opened, the electric clutch is also controlled to be electrified, the first adapter rod and the second adapter rod are connected in a power connection mode, and meanwhile, the guide impeller 1110 rotates to form airflow; when the control device controls the electric valve 1109 to be closed, the electric clutch is also controlled to be powered off or to be powered off in a delayed mode, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are separated in power, meanwhile, the guide impeller 1110 stops rotating, the structure is more energy-saving, and energy consumption of the guide impeller 1110 is reduced.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes a bar outlet 3 communicated with the first guide cabin 1 and a tray 2 for receiving finished bar stock, and the bar outlet 3 and the first guide cabin 1 are of an integrated structure, so that an operator can collect the finished bar stock conveniently.

Further, referring to fig. 1, as a specific embodiment of the extrusion molding machine for biochar provided by the present invention, the driving device includes a motor 6 and a driving mechanism in power connection with the motor 6, and a power output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and the extrusion device.

Specifically, the motor 6 is Y90S2 type, the rated power is 1.5kw, the rated current is 3.4A, the synchronous speed is 3000r/min, the working efficiency is high, no smoke and smell exist, the environment is not polluted, and the noise is small.

Further, referring to fig. 1, as a specific implementation manner of the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the present invention, the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a driving cabin 5, the driving mechanism is disposed in the driving cabin 5, and the driving cabin 5 is equivalent to a protective housing of the driving mechanism, so as to prevent the driving mechanism from being damaged by an external force.

Further, the feeding hopper 4 is arranged at the upper part of the crushing cabin 11, the second guide cabin 8 is arranged at the left side of the crushing cabin 11, the main ballast 10 is positioned below the crushing cabin 11 but is not directly communicated with the crushing cabin 11, the first guide cabin 1 is positioned at the upper right part of the main ballast 10, the rod outlet 3 is positioned at the upper part of the first guide cabin 1 and the right side of the crushing cabin 11, and the tray 2 is positioned at the right side of the rod outlet 3, so that the whole circulation process of the biochar or processed products thereof is that the biochar or processed products thereof circularly flows in a counterclockwise direction in the biochar extrusion molding machine provided by the embodiment of the invention, the whole machine is reasonable and compact in design, and does not occupy space.

Further, the base 9 is made of 45 steel, so that the material is cheap and the structural strength is high.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The biochar extrusion forming machine is characterized by further comprising a crushing cabin and a second guide cabin which are arranged on the base, the second guide cabin is communicated with the main ballast, the feed hopper is communicated with the second guide cabin through the crushing cabin, a crushing mechanism for rotationally cutting and crushing large biochar blocks is arranged in the crushing cabin, and the crushing mechanism is connected with a power output end of the driving device;

the crushing cabin comprises a crushing mechanism sub-cabin and a feeding sub-cabin, the crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing mechanism sub-cabin, the crushing mechanism sub-cabin is communicated with the feeding hopper through a guide inlet, the crushing mechanism sub-cabin is communicated with the second guide cabin through the feeding sub-cabin, and a guide impeller for forming feeding airflow is arranged in the feeding sub-cabin;

an electric valve for controlling communication is arranged between the crushing mechanism sub-bin and the feeding sub-bin, and the electric valve is electrically connected with the control device;

the biochar extrusion molding machine further comprises a transmission mechanism, and the guide impeller and the crushing mechanism are respectively connected with a power output end of the driving device through the transmission mechanism;

the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission guide rod, a switching rod, a bevel gear set, a guide rod and a switching wheel, wherein the transmission guide rod is connected with the power output end of the driving device, the bevel gear set is connected with the power output end of the transmission guide rod, the guide rod is connected with the switching rod in a belt transmission way or in a chain transmission way, the switching rod is connected with the guide rod in a belt transmission way, the guide rod is connected with the switching wheel in a belt transmission way, and the switching wheel is connected with the crushing mechanism in a belt transmission way or in a chain transmission way.

2. The machine of claim 1, wherein the adapter rod comprises a first adapter rod, a second adapter rod and an electric clutch electrically connected with the control device, the first adapter rod is connected with the second adapter rod through the electric clutch, the first adapter rod is in belt transmission connection or chain transmission connection with the transmission guide rod, and the second adapter rod is in belt transmission connection with the guide vane wheel.

3. The biochar extrusion molding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushing cabin further comprises a closed accommodating sub-cabin, and the transmission mechanism is arranged in the accommodating sub-cabin.

4. A biochar extrusion molding machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a bar outlet communicated with the first guide cabin and a tray for receiving finished bar stock, wherein the bar outlet and the first guide cabin are of an integrated structure.

5. A biochar extrusion molding machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the driving device comprises a motor and a driving mechanism which is connected with the motor in a power way, and the power output end of the driving mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and the extrusion device.

6. The machine of claim 5, further comprising a drive compartment, wherein the drive mechanism is disposed within the drive compartment.