CN109107387A - A kind of denitrating system sprays ammonia control method and control system automatically - Google Patents
A kind of denitrating system sprays ammonia control method and control system automatically Download PDFInfo
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- CN109107387A CN109107387A CN201811124867.2A CN201811124867A CN109107387A CN 109107387 A CN109107387 A CN 109107387A CN 201811124867 A CN201811124867 A CN 201811124867A CN 109107387 A CN109107387 A CN 109107387A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0037—Specially adapted to detect a particular component for NOx
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of denitrating systems to spray ammonia control method and control system automatically, is related to chemical process automation technical field.The control method uses automatic disturbance rejection controller, will affect neat stress NOxDisturbance be divided into disturb and disturb outside；By neat stress NOxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening and nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency for spraying ammonia flow are defined as interior disturb；Boiler capacity, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition are defined as outer disturb；Corresponding extended state observer, real-time estimation neat stress NO are made according to every kind of disturbancexDisturbance, so that ammonia spraying amount is precisely matched minimum reducing agent dosage as far as possible.It includes gas detecting system and the automatic disturbance rejection controller for automatically controlling ammonia spraying amount that Denitration in Boiler system of the invention sprays ammonia control system automatically；Disturbance factor of the detection data of gas detecting system as automatic disturbance rejection controller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical process automation technical fields more particularly to a kind of denitrating system to spray ammonia control method and control automatically
System processed.
Background technique
Selective catalytic reduction (Selective Catalytic Reduction, SCR) refers to the effect in catalyst
Under, using reducing agent (such as NH3, liquefied ammonia, urea) come " selective " with the NO in flue gasxIt reacts and generates nontoxic and pollution-free
N2And H2O.Its chemical equation are as follows: 4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O；2NO2+4NH3+O2→3N2+6H2O；6NO2+8NH3→
7N2+12H2O.Reaction temperature is often at 230~450 DEG C.Since boiler combustion fluctuating change is frequent, SCR inlet NOx fluctuation is violent.
Boiler operatiopn personnel are difficult to precisely grasp reducing agent dosage, cause to spray into excessive ammonia, so that the escaping of ammonia rate is larger, reducing agent is used
Measure that larger, economic benefit is poor.Spray ammonia in SCR system can excessively cause side reaction, the nocuousness such as hydrogen sulfate ammonia easily generated
Substance causes air preheater differential pressure is abnormal even to block；The generation of side reaction causes catalyst poisoning simultaneously, influences the catalyst longevity
Life；The escape ammonia that excessive spray ammonia generates enters desulphurization system with flue gas, is dissolved in slurries, it is super to eventually lead to outer draining ammonia-nitrogen content
Mark；The hydrogen sulfate ammonia of generation is deposited on air preheater, low-level (stack-gas) economizer and deduster, influences the thermal efficiency of unit, and is reduced
The safe and economic operation of denitration effect and unit.Boiler operatiopn personnel should guarantee that boiler smoke NOx is limited no more than national environmental protection
Value, again according to unit situation, few as far as possible uses reducing agent, and the above-mentioned boiler safety that endangers is avoided to stabilize the economy operation as far as possible
It happens.
To reach the above target, the smoke components to SCR inlet, outlet port is needed to measure.SCR denitration device is normal
After being arranged in boiler flue outlet, before dust-extraction unit entrance, the entrance of current SCR denitration device, outlet port have usually been arranged
Flue gas sampling device.Flue gas sampling device is often single-point sampling at present, and denitration exiting flue gas has turbulent serious, high temperature height
The features such as dirt；Flue has the characteristics that straight tube diameter is short, variable diameter is more or corner is more；SCR denitration device region flow field is complicated and changeable, and
It is influenced by flue-gas temperature；SCR region domain flue gas flow rate is fast, and CEMS analysis meter analysis flue gas is slow, and flue gas inspection has delay.On
The problem of stating exacerbates part spray ammonia excess, affects the operation of the flues such as air preheater rear portion equipment, while also affecting SCR efficiency.
Therefore existing spray ammonia control technology has the following problems: 1. flue gases measurement inaccuracy, sample point is single, taken flue gas
Without representativeness, flue gas characteristic in entire SCR flue cannot be shown, flue gas analysis result helps not ammonia spraying amount is precisely controlled
Greatly.2. boiler environment friendly system complex process, flue gas will also pass through dedusting, desulfurization process after SCR denitration device, eventually enter into
Chimney is discharged into atmosphere.By national environmental protection Policy Conditions, it is desirable that chimney is discharged into atmospheric air NOx, and no more than limit value, (NOx value is general at this
Claim " neat stress NOx ", SCR exports NOx value and is commonly referred to as " SCR exports NOx ").There are the times for this gas content measured at two
Lag, different according to boiler flue length, Slack time is substantially at 3-6 minutes, and the time disturbing influences such as burnt are big.Control
The spray ammonia flow regulating valve of ammonia spraying amount processed is mounted on SCR region domain, and the influence of above-mentioned Slack time and combustion disturbance makes to spray ammonia flow
The aperture of regulating valve is difficult to accurately track neat stress NOx, in turn results in boiler operatiopn personnel and is difficult to use reducing agent few as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of denitrating systems to spray ammonia control method and control system automatically, it is main
Syllabus is to solve the problems, such as that denitrating system cannot be precisely controlled ammonia spraying amount.
In order to achieve the above objectives, invention broadly provides following technical solutions:
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Denitration in Boiler systems to spray ammonia control method, the controlling party automatically
Method uses automatic disturbance rejection controller, will affect neat stress NOxDisturbance be divided into disturb and disturb outside；By neat stress NOxNO is exported with SCRx
Slack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening and the nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency that spray ammonia flow
It is disturbed in being defined as；Boiler capacity, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system are run into work
Condition is defined as outer disturb；Corresponding extended state observer, real-time estimation neat stress NO are designed according to every kind of disturbancexDisturbance,
It automatically controls to disturb in described and be disturbed outside with described, ammonia spraying amount is made precisely to match minimum reducing agent dosage as far as possible.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of gas detecting system, the gas detecting system includes gas
Sampler and gas analysis arrangement.
Preferably, the gas analysis arrangement is gas analysis instrument, it to be used for detection gas temperature, gas humidity, gas
Body content, gas pressure and gas flow rate.
Preferably, the gas sampling device include multiple gas sampling cells and being cut one more a gas conveying set
It is standby；The multiple entrances connection corresponding with the outlet of multiple gas sampling cells for cutting a gas transportation facilities to form more
A plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline, a gas transportation facilities of cutting for controlling a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline more
Connection is closed, and the gas sampled in connecting pipeline is delivered to other processes；
Wherein, the gas sampling cell includes that the gas sample for acquiring gas to be detected in area to be tested is set
The standby, air-extractor for providing pumping power for the gas sampling device and the gas storage for storing gas sampled
Equipment；The entrance of the gas sampling device is in the area to be tested, the outlet of the gas sampling device with it is described
The entrance of air-extractor is connected to, and the outlet of the air-extractor is connected to the entrance of the gas storage, and the gas is deposited
The outlet of storage equipment is connected to more with the entrances for cutting a gas transportation facilities.
Preferably, the gas sampling device is gas sample tube；The air-extractor is the gas pump of pressure adjustable；
The gas storage is gas storage tanks；A gas transportation facilities of cutting are to cut flow control valve more more；The gas
Body sampler is installed in the flue of SCR denitration device, is sampled and is conveyed for the flue gas to flue.
Preferably, the gas sampling device is fixed in the area to be tested；The gas sampling device
Outlet is connected in the outside of the area to be tested by pipeline with the entrance of the air-extractor, the outlet of the air-extractor
It is connected in the outside of the area to be tested by pipeline with the entrance of the gas storage, the gas storage
It exports and is connected in the outside of the area to be tested by pipeline with the entrances for cutting a gas transportation facilities morely.
Preferably, described, cut a gas transportation facilities selects a gas from a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline more
Body transfer pipeline is connected to, and other gas transfer pipelines are simultaneously closed off；The multiple gas sampling cell is described to be detected
It is in arranged in matrix in region.
Preferably, the gas sampling cell include feedforward monitoring case, the feedforward monitoring case be fixed at described in
In detection zone and adjacent to the gas sampling device；The gas temperature for detection gas temperature is equipped in the feedforward monitoring case
Spend sensor and the gas concentration sensor for detection gas concentration, the probe of the gas temperature sensor and the gas
The probe of concentration sensor is in the area to be tested.
Preferably, the gas concentration sensor is nitric oxide concentration detection sensor；The gas temperature sensing
The output end of the output end of device and the gas concentration sensor passes through cable and connect with the entrance of comprehensive cable connector, described
The outlet of comprehensive cable connector is connect by comprehensive cable pipe with external device.
Another aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Denitration in Boiler systems to spray ammonia control system, the control automatically
System include for detection gas characteristic gas detecting system and for according to disturbed in Denitration in Boiler system factor and outside disturb because
Element automatically controls the automatic disturbance rejection controller of ammonia spraying amount；The detection data of the gas detecting system is as the automatic disturbance rejection controller
In disturb or disturb outside factor；Wherein, the gas detecting system is a kind of described in any item gas detection systems of claim 2-9
System；
It is neat stress NO that factor is disturbed in describedxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening and spray ammonia stream
Nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency of amount；The outer factor of disturbing is boiler capacity, air quantity, oxygen
Amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition；
The core component of the automatic disturbance rejection controller includes extended state observer, is used for real-time estimation neat stress NOx
Disturbance, automatically control various disturbing sources；The disturbing source of the extended state observer is to disturb factor in described and described outer disturb
Factor.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Control method of the invention uses automatic disturbance rejection controller, will affect neat stress NOxDisturbance be divided into disturb and disturb outside；
By neat stress NOxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening and spray ammonia flow nonlinear correspondence relation,
Catalyst efficiency and SCR reaction efficiency are disturbed in being defined as；By boiler capacity, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue gas temperature
Degree and boiler milling system operating condition are defined as outer disturb；Corresponding extended state observer is designed according to every kind of disturbance, it is real
When estimate neat stress NOxDisturbance, automatically control disturbed in described with it is described it is outer disturb, make the ammonia spraying amount precisely minimum reduction of matching as far as possible
Agent dosage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the gas sampling device structural schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the feedforward monitoring case structural schematic diagram for the gas sampling device that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 3 is the gas detecting system structural schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides.
Appended drawing reference:
1 SCR flue；2 gas sampling cells, 21 gas sampling devices, 22 air-extractors, 23 gas storages, before 24
Present monitoring case, 241 gas temperature sensors, 242 gas concentration sensors, 243 comprehensive cable connectors, 244 comprehensive cable pipes；3
Cut a gas transportation facilities more；4 gas delivery main roads；5 gas analysis arrangements.
Specific embodiment
For further illustrate the present invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below with compared with
Good embodiment, to specific embodiment, technical solution, feature and its effect applied according to the present invention, detailed description is as follows.Under
Stating the special characteristic, structure or feature in multiple embodiments in bright can be combined by any suitable form.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas sampling device, including multiple gas sampling cells 2 and gas conveying being cut one more
Equipment 3；The above-mentioned multiple entrances connection corresponding with the outlet of multiple above-mentioned gas sampling units 2 for cutting a gas transportation facilities 3 more
To form a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline, above-mentioned that cut a gas transportation facilities 3 defeated for controlling above-mentioned a plurality of gas sampled is more
The connection or closing of pipeline are sent, and the gas sampled in connecting pipeline is delivered to other processes；Wherein, above-mentioned gas sampling is single
Member 2 includes for acquiring the gas sampling device 21 of gas to be detected in area to be tested, for being above-mentioned gas sampling equipment
The air-extractor 22 of pumping power and the gas storage 23 for storing gas sampled are provided；Above-mentioned gas sampling equipment
Entrance is in above-mentioned area to be tested, and the outlet of above-mentioned gas sampling equipment 21 is connected to the entrance of above-mentioned air-extractor 22,
The entrance of the outlet of above-mentioned air-extractor 22 and above-mentioned gas storage equipment 23 be connected to, above-mentioned gas store equipment 23 outlet and
The above-mentioned entrance connection for cutting a gas transportation facilities 3 more.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas sampling equipment 21 is gas sample tube；Above-mentioned air-extractor 22 is
The gas pump of pressure adjustable, the outlet pressure pumped by regulating gas, it is ensured that the gas extracted in each probe tube enters storage
Time consistency in equipment；It is that gas stores surge tank that above-mentioned gas, which stores equipment 23,；Cut a gas transportation facilities 3 above-mentioned is more
Cut flow control valve, which has multiple entrances, only one outlet, controls by relay, in the same time only more
The entrance for having only one to determine is connected to gas delivery main road.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas sampler is installed in the flue 1 of SCR denitration device, is used for
The flue gas of flue 1 is sampled, stored and transferred out.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas sampling equipment is fixed in above-mentioned area to be tested, each
Gas sampling device is responsible for extracting the gas (such as flue gas) in the region；The outlet of above-mentioned gas sampling equipment and above-mentioned pumping
The entrance of equipment is connected in the outside of above-mentioned area to be tested by pipeline, and the outlet of above-mentioned air-extractor and above-mentioned gas store
The entrance of equipment is connected in the outside of above-mentioned area to be tested by pipeline, and the outlet of above-mentioned gas storage equipment is cut more with above-mentioned
The entrance of one gas transportation facilities is connected in the outside of above-mentioned area to be tested by pipeline.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas sampling unit includes feedforward monitoring case 24, as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned
Feedforward monitoring case 24 is fixed in above-mentioned area to be tested and neighbouring above-mentioned gas sampling equipment 21；As shown in Fig. 2, before above-mentioned
It is dense to present the gas being equipped in monitoring case 24 for the gas temperature sensor 241 of detection gas temperature and for detection gas concentration
Sensor 242 is spent, the probe of above-mentioned gas temperature sensor and the probe of above-mentioned gas concentration sensor are in above-mentioned to be checked
It surveys in region, acquires and monitor the gas temperature in the region and content (such as the temperature and an oxygen of acquisition flue gas in real time
Change nitrogen content).
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas concentration sensor is nitric oxide concentration detection sensor, can also
Corresponding gas concentration sensor is selected according to the gas actually sampled；The output end of above-mentioned gas temperature sensor and above-mentioned gas
The output end of concentration sensors passes through cable and connect with the entrance of comprehensive cable connector 243, above-mentioned comprehensive cable connector 243
Outlet connect with external device by comprehensive cable pipe 244.
It is above-mentioned to cut a gas transportation facilities 3 from above-mentioned a plurality of gas sampled delivery pipe as the preferred of above-described embodiment more
It selects a gas transfer pipeline to be connected in road, simultaneously closes off other gas transfer pipelines, that is, need to guarantee only to be connected to one
Gas transfer pipeline.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned multiple gas sampling cells 2 are set in above-mentioned area to be tested in matrix
It sets, such as the matrix form distribution in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, can also be closed multiple gas sampling cells according to actual measurement region or gas
Removing the work is set.
Embodiment 2
A kind of gas detecting system, as shown in figure 3, above-mentioned gas detection system includes the gas sample dress of above-described embodiment
It sets and is conveyed with gas analysis arrangement 5, the above-mentioned outlets for cutting a gas transportation facilities of above-mentioned gas sampler by gas morely
Total pipeline is connected to above-mentioned gas analytical equipment.
As the preferred of above-described embodiment, above-mentioned gas analytical equipment is gas analysis instrument, for detection gas temperature,
Gas humidity, gas content, gas pressure and gas flow rate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Denitration in Boiler system sprays ammonia control system automatically, including for detection gas characteristic gas detecting system and
For according to disturb factor in Denitration in Boiler system and disturb outside factor automatically control ammonia spraying amount automatic disturbance rejection controller；Above-mentioned gas inspection
The detection data of examining system is as disturbing or disturb outside factor in above-mentioned automatic disturbance rejection controller；Wherein, above-mentioned gas detection system is
The gas detecting system of embodiment 2；It is neat stress NO that factor is disturbed in above-mentionedxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow are adjusted
Nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency of valve opening and spray ammonia flow；Above-mentioned outer factor of disturbing is boiler steaming
Hair amount, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition；Above-mentioned automatic disturbance rejection controller
Core component include extended state observer, be used for real-time estimation neat stress NOxDisturbance, automatically control various disturbances
Source；The disturbing source of above-mentioned extended state observer is that factor and above-mentioned outer factor of disturbing are disturbed in above-mentioned.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Denitration in Boiler system sprays ammonia control method automatically, and the above method is will affect net using automatic disturbance rejection controller
Flue gas NOxDisturbance be divided into disturb and disturb outside；By neat stress NOxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening
Interior disturb is defined as with nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency of spray ammonia flow；By boiler capacity, wind
Amount, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition are defined as outer disturb；It is set according to every kind of disturbance
Count out corresponding extended state observer, real-time estimation neat stress NOxDisturbance, automatically control disturbed in above-mentioned with it is above-mentioned it is outer disturb,
Ammonia spraying amount is set precisely to match minimum reducing agent dosage as far as possible.
Gas sampling device of the invention may be applicable to the field of detection gas characteristic, such as be installed on SCR denitration dress
It to the smoke sampling in its flue and is delivered at gas analysis instrument in the flue set, for accurately detecting in SCR flue
The various characteristics of flue gas, such as the content of carbon monoxide, the temperature etc. of flue gas；Gas sampling device of the invention can also be used for other
Similar applications detect the characteristic of certain gas, the corresponding sensing prepared in suitable gas analysis arrangement and feed forward detection case
Device class, such as humidity sensor or sulfur dioxide concentration detection sensor.
Innovative point of the invention:
1, the present invention more probe tubes circulation in turn with gas analyzer connection by way of, realize an analyzer
The composition for detecting multiple position flue gases in flue, makes the representative enhancing of detection, and cost reduces.
2. traditional flue gas cycle sampling device can only realize the function of rotation detection multiple regions flue gas, analysis meter detection
Certain time is needed, flue gas flow field variation is fast.When device is switched to subsequent region detection, the flow field in a upper region has occurred and that change
Change, exhaust gas components also change, and the exhaust gas components for causing this method of sampling to detect are really the cigarette of multiple and different times
Gas, it is not strong to represent meaning, is unfavorable for subsequent denitration process.The present apparatus is cooperated by adding gas storage canister and aspiration pump, is realized
Multiple sampling regions are evacuated simultaneously, and analysis meter is substantially different to the same time in turn to the gas detection in air accumulator
The flue gas inspection in region, solves problem above.
3. traditional flue gas sampling device needs flue gas feeding analysis meter could detect flue-gas temperature, whole process time
Delay is big, and the temperature of flue gas has loss.Present apparatus complex feed-back monitoring case is mounted in flue, directly monitors each region flue gas temperature
Degree and content of nitric oxide, avoid above-mentioned loss, and can compare complex feed-back monitoring case and be drawn into gas delivery main
The data difference of flue gas in road, determines the best opportunity being modified to flue gas content.Traditional flue gas sampling device does not detect one
Content of nitrogen oxide, the present apparatus pass through content of nitric oxide testing result and flue-gas temperature are combined to calculate boiler combustion variation, be conducive to
Subsequent denitration process.
4. being examined by the data that complex feed-back monitoring case detects to gas analysis instrument by the combination of the 2nd, 3 liang of step
It surveys result to be modified, solves conventional apparatus analysis numerical value lag issues.
5. making the fluctuation of neat stress NOx is inhibited, especially the neat stress in the case where boiler gas production fluctuation
The fluctuation of NOx.
6. making neat stress NOx as far as possible close to the upper limit of environmental requirement under the premise of ensuring environment protection standard, reduce to the greatest extent also
Former agent dosage.
Place, those skilled in the art can not select from the prior art to the greatest extent in the embodiment of the present invention.
Disclosed above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, is appointed
What those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, answer
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with above-mentioned scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Denitration in Boiler system sprays ammonia control method automatically, which is characterized in that the control method uses Active Disturbance Rejection Control
Device will affect neat stress NOxDisturbance be divided into disturb and disturb outside；By neat stress NOxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia stream
Nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and the SCR reaction efficiency of adjustable valve aperture and spray ammonia flow are disturbed in being defined as；By pot
Furnace evaporation capacity, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition are defined as outer disturb；Root
Corresponding extended state observer, real-time estimation neat stress NO are designed according to every kind of disturbancexDisturbance, automatically control it is described in disturb
It is disturbed outside with described, ammonia spraying amount is made precisely to match minimum reducing agent dosage as far as possible.
2. a kind of gas detecting system, which is characterized in that the gas detecting system includes gas sampling device and gas analysis
Equipment.
3. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the gas analysis arrangement is gas analysis
Instrument is used for detection gas temperature, gas humidity, gas content, gas pressure and gas flow rate.
4. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the gas sampling device includes multiple gas
Body sampling unit and a gas transportation facilities being cut one more；The multiple entrances for cutting a gas transportation facilities more with it is multiple described
The corresponding connection in the outlet of gas sampling cell to form a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline, use more by a gas transportation facilities of cutting
In the connection or closing of the control a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline, and the gas sampled in connecting pipeline is delivered to other
Process；
Wherein, the gas sampling cell includes for acquiring the gas sampling device of gas to be detected in area to be tested, using
In the air-extractor and gas storage for storing gas sampled that provide pumping power for the gas sampling device；
The entrance of the gas sampling device is in the area to be tested, and the outlet of the gas sampling device is set with the pumping
Standby entrance connection, the outlet of the air-extractor are connected to the entrance of the gas storage, the gas storage
Outlet with it is described more cut the entrances of a gas transportation facilities and be connected to.
5. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas sampling device is gas sample
Pipe；The air-extractor is the gas pump of pressure adjustable；The gas storage is gas storage tanks；It is described to cut a gas more
Conveying equipment is to cut flow control valve more；The gas sampling device is installed in the flue of SCR denitration device, for cigarette
The flue gas in road is sampled and conveys.
6. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas sampling device is fixed at institute
It states in area to be tested；The outlet of the gas sampling device and the entrance of the air-extractor are in the outer of the area to be tested
Portion is connected to by pipeline, and the outlet of the air-extractor and the entrance of the gas storage are in the outer of the area to be tested
Portion is connected to by pipeline, and the entrance of a gas transportation facilities is cut described to be checked with described in the outlet of the gas storage more
The outside for surveying region is connected to by pipeline.
7. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described to cut a gas transportation facilities from institute more
Stating in a plurality of gas sampled transfer pipeline selects a gas transfer pipeline to be connected to, and simultaneously closes off other air shooters
Road；The multiple gas sampling cell is in arranged in matrix in the area to be tested.
8. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas sampling cell includes feedforward prison
Measuring tank, the feedforward monitoring case is fixed in the area to be tested and the neighbouring gas sampling device；The feedforward prison
The gas concentration sensor for the gas temperature sensor of detection gas temperature and for detection gas concentration is equipped in measuring tank,
The probe of the gas temperature sensor and the probe of the gas concentration sensor are in the area to be tested.
9. a kind of gas detecting system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the gas concentration sensor is an oxidation
Nitrogen concentration detection sensor；The output end of the output end of the gas temperature sensor and the gas concentration sensor passes through
Cable is connect with the entrance of comprehensive cable connector, and the outlet of the comprehensive cable connector is connected by comprehensive cable pipe and external device
It connects.
10. a kind of Denitration in Boiler system sprays ammonia control system automatically, which is characterized in that the control system includes for detecting gas
The gas detecting system of bulk properties and for automatically controlling ammonia spraying amount according in Denitration in Boiler system disturbing factor and disturb factor outside
Automatic disturbance rejection controller；The detection data of the gas detecting system is as disturbing or disturb outside factor in the automatic disturbance rejection controller；
Wherein, the gas detecting system is a kind of described in any item gas detecting systems of claim 2-9；
It is neat stress NO that factor is disturbed in describedxNO is exported with SCRxSlack time, spray ammonia flow control valve opening and spray ammonia flow
Nonlinear correspondence relation, catalyst efficiency and SCR reaction efficiency；The outer factor of disturbing is boiler capacity, air quantity, oxygen amount, coal
Amount, fire box temperature, flue-gas temperature and boiler milling system operating condition；
The core component of the automatic disturbance rejection controller includes extended state observer, is used for real-time estimation neat stress NOxDisturb
It is dynamic, automatically control various disturbing sources；The disturbing source of the extended state observer is that factor and the outer factor of disturbing are disturbed in described.
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