CN109103391A - Lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product - Google Patents

Lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109103391A
CN109103391A CN201810848305.6A CN201810848305A CN109103391A CN 109103391 A CN109103391 A CN 109103391A CN 201810848305 A CN201810848305 A CN 201810848305A CN 109103391 A CN109103391 A CN 109103391A
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China
Prior art keywords
lithium
ion battery
eruption
battery
systems
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Granted
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CN201810848305.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109103391B (en
Inventor
李伟峰
王贺武
欧阳明高
张亚军
李成
李建秋
卢兰光
韩雪冰
杜玖玉
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The application provides a kind of lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product.The lithium-ion battery systems include Battery case, cabinet safety valve and derived type structure.The Battery case surrounds to form a battery modules storage space.The battery modules storage space is for storing lithium-ion battery monomer.The cabinet safety valve is set to the surface of the Battery case.The derived type structure and the cabinet safety valve pass through piping connection.When eruption can be generated in the lithium-ion battery monomer ejection process.The derived type structure exports the eruption.The lithium-ion battery systems can export the eruption to the high temperature surface far from the lithium-ion battery monomer.And the lithium-ion battery systems can to discharge in the eruption into external environment, realize the high-temperature particle eruption in the eruption and isolation of the combustion mixture eruption in external environment.

Description

Lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product
Technical field
This application involves power source technical fields, more particularly to lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product.
Background technique
In recent years, the market share of electric car is promoted steadily.There is lithium ion battery high voltage, high-energy-density, length to follow The excellent performances such as ring service life, no pollution to the environment, the highest attention by ev industry.However, lithium ion battery erupts Process can generate combustion mixture.The combustion mixture accumulates in inside lithium ion cell.Reach in inside lithium ion cell After certain pressure boundary, safety valve is opened, and the combustion mixture is discharged into external environment as lithium ion battery erupts. In lithium ion battery ejection process, surface temperature of lithium ion battery can reach 1000 DEG C or so.The electricity of lithium ion battery Core inner temperature is higher, therefore therefore eruption has usually contained the high temperature particulate matter such as Mars, high-temperature particle eruption surface temperature About 600~1200 DEG C or so.Since high-temperature lithium ion battery surface and high-temperature particle eruption temperature are much higher than gaseous state The ignition temperature of eruption Ignition Phenomena will easily occur, and cause once eruption injection contacts in air and with oxygen Fire.Also it is easy to appear certainly after high temperature combustible is contacted with the air for entering inside lithium ion cell after lithium ion battery eruption Fire phenomenon.In addition, even if there is not Ignition Phenomena in the gaseous state eruption after lithium ion battery eruption, but if gradually running up to one Fixed number amount, will likely also will appear explosion phenomenon, and harmfulness will be bigger.Therefore, lithium ion battery eruption is to cause lithium ion One of the security risk of battery fire even explosion accident.The fire and explosion accident that lithium ion battery eruption causes appear in the newspapers repeatly Road, safety issue, which becomes, hinders its one of principal element in the application of electrical source of power industry large-scale commercial.
Preventing lithium ion battery eruption, on fire, the spontaneous combustion scheme that even explosion time uses from concentrating on improving hard shell at present The design of safety valve for lithium ion battery.Since safety valve for lithium ion battery has certain cracking pressure, when in lithium ion battery When portion's gas pressure reaches certain value, safety valve is opened, and inside lithium ion cell gas is discharged to external environment, i.e. battery occurs Phenomenon is erupted, avoids causing lithium ion battery explosion phenomenon.For soft bag lithium ionic cell, prevent lithium ion battery it is on fire, Spontaneous combustion even explosion time, mainly improves lithium ion battery security by way of reducing Soft Roll part allowable pressure.I.e. when soft When gas pressure in packet reaches certain value, the lower Soft Roll part of allowable pressure is broken through by gas and releases lithium ion battery There is eruption phenomenon in eruption, i.e. battery, avoid the phenomenon that sets off an explosion.However, above two method can not effectively inhibit electricity Particulate matter when pond is erupted in gaseous mixture discharges into external environment and causes combustible on fire, can not also make the flammable of eruption Gaseous mixture is far from battery high-temperature surface.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to not can effectively stop height in lithium ion battery ejection process in existing background technique Warm particulate matter enters external environment and causes fire, and the combustion mixture of eruption can not be made to ask far from battery high-temperature surface etc. Topic provides a kind of lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product.
A kind of lithium-ion battery systems, comprising:
Battery case surrounds and forms a battery modules storage space, and has a Battery case gas outlet;
Cabinet safety valve is set to Battery case gas outlet;
Guiding device passes through piping connection with the cabinet safety valve;And
Solid deposits structure, passes through piping connection with the derived type structure.
In one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems further include:
At least one battery modules is accommodated in the battery modules storage space;
At least one second one-way valve is set to the surface of the battery modules, and the second one-way valve is for controlling institute State the export direction of the eruption in battery modules storage space.
In one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems further include:
Battery modules export thereof gathering structure is set in the battery modules storage space, and with it is described at least one At least one described second one-way valve is connected to by second one-way valve by piping connection with the Battery case gas outlet.
In one embodiment, the battery modules further include: battery modules shell surrounds a lithium ion battery storage Space, and there is a battery modules shell gas outlet, the second one-way valve is set to the battery modules shell outlet Mouthful;
Multiple lithium-ion battery monomers are accommodated in the lithium ion battery storage space;
Multiple third check valves, each third check valve are set to the surface of the lithium-ion battery monomer, are used for The eruption that thermal runaway generates is occurred for the lithium-ion battery monomer unidirectionally to export.
In one embodiment, the derived type structure includes:
Conduit, has input terminal and output end, and the input terminal is fixedly connected with the cabinet safety valve.
In one embodiment, the solid deposition structure includes:
Granule capturing room is set between the input terminal of the conduit and the output end, for storing capture institute State the liquid of particle in eruption.
In one embodiment, the solid deposits structure further include:
Liquid injection port is connected to the granule capturing room;And
Leakage fluid dram is set to the predeterminated position of the granule capturing room, for arranging the liquid in the granule capturing room Out.
In one embodiment, the derived type structure further include:
First check valve is fixedly installed between the input terminal and the cabinet safety valve, and is made when the electricity Eruption in the cabinet of pond is unidirectionally discharged to the output end.
In one embodiment, the derived type structure further include:
Extraction fan is set to the output end, for assisting the control eruption to be unidirectionally discharged to the output end.
A kind of energy-consuming product, using lithium-ion battery systems described in any of the above embodiments.
The application provides a kind of lithium-ion battery systems and energy-consuming product.The lithium-ion battery systems include battery case Body, cabinet safety valve and derived type structure.The Battery case surrounds to form a battery modules storage space.The battery modules Storage space is for storing lithium-ion battery monomer.The cabinet safety valve is set to the surface of the Battery case.It is described to lead Structure and the cabinet safety valve pass through piping connection out.When eruption can be generated in the lithium-ion battery monomer ejection process Object.The derived type structure exports the eruption.The lithium-ion battery systems can export the eruption to separate The high temperature surface of the lithium-ion battery monomer, and the lithium-ion battery systems can make the eruption discharge to In external environment, realize high-temperature particle eruption in the eruption and combustion mixture eruption in external environment every Absolutely.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view in Fig. 5 along A-A tangent line;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view in Fig. 5 along B-B tangent line;
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view in Fig. 8 along C-C tangent line;
Figure 10 is the sectional view in Fig. 8 along D-D tangent line;
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Figure 12 is a kind of sectional view in Figure 11 along E-E tangent line;
Figure 13 is another sectional view in Figure 11 along E-E tangent line;
Figure 14 is another sectional view in Figure 11 along E-E tangent line;
Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment;
Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of the lithium-ion battery systems provided in the application one embodiment.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
Lithium-ion battery systems 100
Lithium-ion battery monomer 10
Battery cell safety valve 11
Battery modules 20
Battery modules shell 21
Lithium ion battery storage space 22
Battery modules safety valve 23
Battery modules shell gas outlet 202
Battery case 30
Battery modules storage space 31
Cabinet safety valve 32
Battery case gas outlet 302
Derived type structure 40
Second one-way valve 401
Battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42
Third check valve 403
Lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44
Pipeline 410
Input terminal 411
Output end 412
First check valve 420
Extraction fan 430
Solid deposits structure 50
Granule capturing room 510
Liquid injection port 520
Leakage fluid dram 530
Gas dilution structure 60
Concentration detection sensor 610
Diluent gas storage packet 620
Automatic switch 630
Stop absorbing structure 70
Blocker ring 710
Hole 711
Baffle 712
Stop partition 720
Specific embodiment
It is with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right in order to which the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the application are more clearly understood The application is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the application, not For limiting the application.
Referring to Fig. 1, providing a kind of lithium-ion battery systems 100 in one embodiment includes Battery case 30, cabinet Safety valve 32 and derived type structure 40.The Battery case 30, which surrounds, forms a battery modules storage space 31.The battery modules One or more lithium-ion battery monomer 10 or lithium ion battery mould group are stored in storage space 31.The Battery case 30 surface has Battery case gas outlet 302.The cabinet safety valve 32 is set to the Battery case gas outlet 302.Institute It states derived type structure 40 and the cabinet safety valve 32 passes through piping connection.The derived type structure 40 is used to work as the Battery case 30 The eruption export that interior lithium-ion battery monomer 10 generates in ejection process.The lithium-ion battery monomer as shown in Figure 1 Battery cell safety valve 11 is provided on 10.When battery eruption phenomenon occurs for the lithium-ion battery monomer 10, the eruption Object breaks through the battery cell safety valve 11.The lithium-ion battery monomer 10 in the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can be with It can also be soft bag lithium ionic cell and square case lithium ion battery for lithium ion battery with hard shell.When the lithium ion battery list When body 10 is soft-package battery, the battery cell safety valve 11 may be not present, it at this time can be according to the lithium ion battery system The installation site of derived type structure 40 described in the space layout designed, designed of system 100.
Specifically, the Battery case 30 has the battery modules storage space 31.The lithium-ion battery monomer 10 It is set to the battery modules storage space 31.Multiple lithium-ion battery monomers can be set in the Battery case 30 10.Series-parallel connection can be carried out between multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10.It is set on the surface of the Battery case 30 It is equipped with the cabinet safety valve 32.When the eruption concentration in the Battery case 30 is higher, in the Battery case 30 Pressure can be more than its endurance.The cabinet safety valve 32 is opened at this time.The cabinet safety valve 32 and the derived type structure 40 Pass through piping connection.The derived type structure 40 eruption can be discharged.
In this implementation, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can be exported the eruption to far from the lithium-ion electric The high temperature surface of pond monomer 10, and the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can to discharge in the eruption to extraneous ring In border, when eruption air current flow direction change occurs with the derived type structure 40, particle eruption is greater than due to inertia Gas eruption object, and due to being solid-state, therefore can collide with the derived type structure 40, the energy of solid particulate matter is consumed, and The bottom of the derived type structure 40 is deposited under the effect of gravity, while gaseous state eruption is due to being gaseous state, in the work of pressure It can be discharged in external environment with derived type structure 40 under, to realize the high-temperature particle object and the lithium ion in the eruption The isolation of 10 combustion mixture of battery cell.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are please referred to, in one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include solid deposition structure 50.The solid deposition structure 50 and the derived type structure 40 pass through piping connection.The solid deposition structure 50 is used for institute State the solid eruption deposition in 10 ejection process of lithium-ion battery monomer.The shape, structure of solid deposition structure 50 and The form of expression is simultaneously not construed as limiting, and can only realize the solid particle portion for generating the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 in ejection process Divide or all deposits.
In the present embodiment, in the lithium-ion battery systems 100, the derived type structure 40 and the cabinet safety valve 32 Pass through piping connection.The solid deposition structure 50 and the derived type structure 40 pass through piping connection.When the Battery case 30 When eruption phenomenon occurs in the interior lithium-ion battery monomer 10, the derived type structure 40 exports the eruption.It is described solid Body deposition structure 50 can deposit derived solid eruption.The setting of the solid deposition structure 50, can further subtract The value volume and range of product for the eruption that few derived type structure 40 transmits, reduces the lithium-ion battery monomer that eruption phenomenon occurs 10 surface temperature.Also, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can make derived solid eruption deposition, realize eruption The isolation of high-temperature particle object and 10 combustion mixture of lithium-ion battery monomer in object.
In one embodiment, the solid deposition structure 50 includes granule capturing room 510.The granule capturing room 510 For storing the liquid for capturing particle in the eruption.In a specific embodiment, the liquid can be water or Other dissolved organic matters.It is erupted specifically, the liquid can be those skilled in the art according to lithium ion battery The different liquid that the type of the eruption generated when phenomenon is different and selects.The knot that the granule capturing room 510 is arranged Structure size can the quantity of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 according to the specific lithium-ion battery systems 100 be designed.
Such as in one embodiment, S-shaped pipeline can be set by the derived type structure 40.The one of the S bend pipe road End is connect by the cabinet safety valve 32 and other pipelines with the safety valve of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.The S The bottom end of type pipeline portions bending part can install the granule capturing room 510.The granule capturing room 510 can store water. In another embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can only include the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 and described Derived type structure 40.The granule capturing room is directly designed in the derived type structure 40 of a lithium-ion battery monomer 10 510 can be applied in the small-sized lithium-ion battery systems 100.
In the present embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can make the eruption far from the lithium ion battery The high temperature surface of monomer 10 even results in battery heat to reduce the eruption bring harm of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 The probability of out of control or battery thermal runaway sprawling or kindling.Institute in the present embodiment, in the lithium-ion battery systems 100 Stating lithium-ion battery monomer 10 can be lithium ion battery with hard shell, can also be soft bag lithium ionic cell and square case lithium ion electricity Pond.
For another example in one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 may include multiple lithium ion batteries Monomer 10.The pipeline of multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10 is integrated on a common air chamber, to multiple eruptions Whole export.Meanwhile the pipeline that multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10 connect can increase the S bend pipe according to actual conditions The circuit quantity on road.Or the length of pipeline is appropriately extended, to be conducive to arrange.Such as: the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 wraps Include check valve (403 in such as Figure 15).When wherein one or more described lithium-ion battery monomers 10 will or erupt. The eruption is in 10 accumulated inside of lithium-ion battery monomer to certain pressure.When the pressure of accumulation is more than the lithium ion When the pressure limit of 10 safety valve of battery cell, safety valve is opened, and the eruption enters the S bend pipe road.The eruption It may include solid eruption and/or gas eruption object.Under the action of inertia force and gravity, passed through when the eruption flows When crossing the bottom on the S bend pipe road, the part eruption dives to the water surface of the granule capturing room 510, and contacts with water And there is heat exchange.The solid-state eruption of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 can not leave on the water surface again since quality is larger It rises.And the gas eruption object that the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 generates then continues to rise along the S bend pipe road.Undergoing institute for several times After stating S bend pipe road circuit, the eruption feed line, and discharge along pipeline to the separate lithium-ion battery monomer 10 At high temperature surface.
In one embodiment, the solid deposition structure 50 further includes liquid injection port 520 and leakage fluid dram 530.
The liquid injection port 520 is connected to the granule capturing room 510.The leakage fluid dram 530 is set to the granule capturing The predeterminated position of room 510.For example, the leakage fluid dram 530 can be set at the safe police circles of the granule capturing room 510.Institute Liquid injection port 520 is stated for injecting liquid to the granule capturing room 510.The leakage fluid dram 530 is used to work as the granule capturing room The liquid stored in the granule capturing room 510 is discharged when liquid is more than warning in 510.It is discharged from the leakage fluid dram 530 Liquid is to absorb the liquid of the solid eruption of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.The specifically solid particle in ejection process Collide to the granule capturing room 510 wall surface when, since gravity can also be deposited on the bottom of the granule capturing room 510 And it can not continue to rise with gaseous state eruption.
In the present embodiment, the liquid injection port 520 is set and the leakage fluid dram 530 makes the knot of the solid deposition structure 50 Structure is more complete.The function of the solid deposition structure 50 is more comprehensive.The solid deposition structure 50 is realizing granule capturing During it is more autonomous.After the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 occurs once to erupt, the liquid injection port 520 and the row The function that the liquid in the granule capturing room 510 is removed and refilled may be implemented in liquid mouth 530.The solid deposition knot The design of structure 50 is but also the lithium-ion battery systems 100 may be implemented can be recycled.
Referring to Fig. 4, in one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include gas dilution structure 60.Institute Gas dilution structure 60 is stated to be set among the derived type structure 40.The gas dilution structure 60 is used for in the eruption Gas eruption object be diluted.
In this implementation, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 are by the derived type structure 40 and 60 knot of gas dilution structure It closes.The derived type structure 40 can export the eruption to the high temperature surface far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.Institute The gaseous matter in the eruption can be diluted by stating gas dilution structure 60, to reduce the several of the eruption burning Rate.And the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can to discharge in the eruption into external environment, realize the eruption Combustion mixture in object is far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.
In one embodiment, the gas dilution structure 60 includes concentration detection sensor 610, diluent gas storage packet 620 and automatic switch 630.
The concentration detection sensor 610 is set to the inner wall of the pipeline 410.The diluent gas storage packet 620 is set It is placed in the inner wall of the pipeline 410.The automatic switch 630 is set to the opening of the diluent gas storage packet 620.This In embodiment, the concentration detection sensor 610 can detecte the levels of certain gases in the derived type structure 40.Institute Stating automatic switch 630 can be mechanical switch or electronic switch.When the automatic switch 630 is electronic switch, the gas It can also include controller that body, which dilutes structure 60,.The controller is electrically connected with the concentration detection sensor 610.It is led when described When certain gas concentration and content out in structure 40 is exceeded, 630 triggering of automatic switch.The diluent gas storage packet 620 It opens, discharges diluent gas to the derived type structure 40.The diluent gas storage packet 620 can store height using some It calms the anger the structure of body, also can according to need autonomous Design.It can store in the diluent gas storage packet 620 such as CO2、N2、Ar Or other nontoxic and nonflammable inert gases are as diluent gas.Using the dilution effect and thermal effect of the diluent gas The inflammability limit and temperature of the eruption should be changed, to reduce the combustibility of its eruption.
Fig. 5-Figure 14 is please referred to, in one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include stopping absorbing structure 70.The blocking absorbing structure 70 is fixedly connected with the derived type structure 40.The blocking absorbing structure 70 for realizing with institute The collision of eruption is stated, to consume the energy of the eruption, so that the temperature of the eruption reduces.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 is please referred to, the blocking absorbing structure 70 includes multiple blocker rings 710.Between multiple blocker rings 710 Every the inner wall for being set to the pipeline 410.The number of the specific blocker ring 710 can be changed according to actual needs.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can be refering to Fig. 5.The blocker ring 710 it is specific Structure and shape can be refering to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.When the lithium ion batteries one or more in the lithium-ion battery systems 100 When monomer 10 erupts, the eruption is in 10 accumulated inside of lithium-ion battery monomer to certain pressure and is more than described When the pressure limit of lithium-ion battery monomer safety valve.The safety valve of the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 is opened, the eruption The pipeline (pipeline can be U-tube) of safety valve, the derived type structure 40 successively through the lithium-ion battery monomer into In the collection device for entering other gas exhaust piping or fixation.Since multiple blocker rings 710 are arranged at intervals at the pipeline 410 inner wall.The blocker ring 710 in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can be spaced setting, logical with the transmission for sufficiently changing the eruption Road.When the eruption is flowed by the blocker ring 710, since the change of transmission channel may result in high temperature and pressure The temperature of the eruption reduces.Simultaneously under the action of inertia force, part solid-state eruption cannot rise with gaseous state eruption At to next blocker ring 710.In experience for several times and after the blocker ring 710, the eruption flows out the export dress It sets 40 and discharges to the high temperature surface far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.
Fig. 8-Figure 10 is please referred to, in one embodiment, the blocking area of multiple blocker rings 710 is different, and And the eruption first passes through the blocker ring 710 for stopping area small.
It include hole 711 and baffle 712 in the blocker ring 710 as shown in Figure 9 in the present embodiment.As shown in Figure 10 The blocker ring 710 in only include described hole 711.It can be seen that the blocking area of blocker ring 710 described in Fig. 9 is big The blocking area of the blocker ring 710 described in Figure 10.The reduction for stopping area can also pass through empty 711 size To realize.It, can be in the pipeline 410 along on the input terminal 411 to the direction of the output end 412 in the present embodiment The blocker ring 710 for stopping area to be sequentially reduced is set.Structure setting in the present embodiment can make the eruption Energy slowly reduces, it might even be possible to carry out the biggish particle in the eruption by described empty the 711 of minimum diameter It filters out.Other embodiments can also be not limited to the structure of the blocker ring 710 as described in Fig. 9 and Figure 10 in the application.
Figure 11 to Figure 14 is please referred to, in one embodiment, the blocking absorbing structure 70 includes multiple blocking partitions 720.Multiple inner walls for stopping partition 720 to be arranged at intervals at the pipeline 410.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can be with refering to fig. 11.The blocking partition 720 Specific structure and shape can be with refering to fig. 12 and Figure 14.Certainly the described structure for stopping partition 720 can also be in attached drawing do not have The other structures shown.When the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 erupts, the eruption is through the derived type structure 40 Pipeline export.Since interval is provided with multiple blocking partitions 720 in the pipeline 410.It is passed through when the eruption flows When crossing the blocking partition 720.When the eruption of high temperature and pressure can be collided with multiple lifes of blocking partitions 720.It is this Collision can consume the energy of the eruption, and the temperature of the eruption can be made to reduce.Simultaneously under the action of inertia force, portion Point solid-state eruption cannot be risen to gaseous state eruption at next blocking partition 720.Experience for several times with the resistance After the collision of bulkhead 720, the eruption flows out the guiding device 40 and discharges to far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 high temperature surface.
In one embodiment, the derived type structure 40 includes pipeline 410.The pipeline 410 has input terminal 411 and defeated Outlet 412.The input terminal 411 is fixedly connected with the cabinet safety valve 32.
In the present embodiment, material, structure and the specific size of the pipeline 410 do not do specific restriction.It is described to lead Structure 40 realizes that the eruption for generating the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 eruption is collected sum aggregate by the pipeline 410 out Middle processing.The structure of the pipeline 410 is simple, easy to accomplish, the pipeline 410 enable the eruption smoothly export to High temperature surface far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.
In one embodiment, the pipeline 410 is U-tube road, W type pipeline or zigzag pipeline.For example, in Fig. 1, The pipeline 410 is U-tube road.In one embodiment, the pipeline 410 is S bend pipe road.Pipeline 410 described in Fig. 3 is folding The zigzag pipeline of line.Pipeline 410 described in Fig. 3 is the W-shaped pipeline of broken line.In another embodiment, the pipeline 410 can Solid deposition structure can be set in each bending place in bending.Depositing structure by the solid can be by the lithium ion The eruption that the eruption of battery cell 10 generates carries out the absorption processing of part.The eruption is every by the primary pipeline 410 Bending place can reduce the substances of some high temperature.The pipeline 410 makes the eruption far from the lithium ion battery The high temperature surface of monomer 10.And the pipeline 410 can to discharge in the eruption into external environment, realize eruption The isolation of high temperature Mars and the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 in object.The pipeline 410 can be to avoid the lithium ion battery Monomer 10 causes other lithium-ion battery monomers 10 and thermal runaway even thermal runaway sprawling occurs after erupting, into one The thermal runaway that can prevent the lithium-ion battery systems 100 of step is spread.
In one embodiment, the pipeline 410 can select material resistant to high temperature, and the pipeline 410 is held By the high temperature and pressure of the eruption.For example, the pipe thickness of the pipeline 410 is 3mm-10mm.The internal diameter of the pipeline 410 Range is 2mm-5mm.
In one embodiment, the setting of pipeline 410 has the inner surface of suction-operated and concave-convex distribution.Specifically , the structure similar to villus can be set in the inner surface of the pipeline 410, for adsorbing the eruption.The pipeline 410 The inner surface that concave-convex distribution is arranged can play the role of directional guide with the eruption of high temperature and pressure, equally enable to described High temperature surface of the eruption far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.
In the present embodiment, the pipeline 410 can be set to multiple structural forms.The specific structure of the pipeline 410 and Material is not made specifically to limit.The pipeline 410 of the derived type structure 40 can be determined with eruption described in directional guide To movement.The pipeline 410 is fixedly connected with the cabinet safety valve 32.When the eruption of the 30 high temperature high pressure of Battery case Object is assembled to a certain extent, and the cabinet safety valve 32 is opened.The eruption of high temperature and pressure by the cabinet safety valve 32 into Enter the siphunculus road 410.The structure of the pipeline 410 is simple, easy to accomplish, and the pipeline 410 enables the eruption It smoothly exports to the high temperature surface far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10.
Figure 15 and Figure 16 are please referred to, in one embodiment, the derived type structure 40 further includes the first check valve 420.Institute The first check valve 420 is stated to be fixedly installed between the input terminal 411 and the cabinet safety valve 32.When the Battery case 30 When the interior lithium-ion battery monomer 10 erupts, the eruption is unidirectionally discharged to the output end 412.The present embodiment In, the battery modules shell 21 has battery modules shell gas outlet 202.The battery modules safety valve 23 is set to described Battery modules shell gas outlet 202.
In the present embodiment, if bad environments locating for the lithium-ion battery systems 100, such as the pressure ratio institute of environment The pressure stated when lithium-ion battery monomer 10 erupts is also big.The eruption be possible to flow back into the lithium of high temperature from The surface of sub- battery cell 10.Or the eruption is possible to flow back into the surface of the Battery case 30.In the present embodiment, First check valve 420, which is arranged, can effectively prevent the high temperature that the eruption flows back into the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 Surface.The lithium-ion battery systems 100 in the present embodiment can more effectively prevent the sprawling of eruption.
In one embodiment, the derived type structure 40 further includes extraction fan 430.The extraction fan 430 is set to described Output end 412.When the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 erupts, the extraction fan 430 can assist to control the lithium from Sub- 10 eruption of battery cell flows to the output end 412.
In the present embodiment, the extraction fan 430 can provide the lesser environment of pressure, so that in the pipeline 410 Eruption can smoothly export into comparatively safe environment.The lithium-ion battery systems 100 in the present embodiment, Exit (or described output end 412) the setting extraction fan 430 of the derived type structure 40 may further ensure that described The eruption of high temperature and pressure can be exported smoothly when lithium-ion battery monomer 10 erupts.The exhaust fan 430 can So that high temperature surface of the eruption far from the lithium-ion battery monomer 10, it is therefore prevented that the lithium-ion battery systems 100 are sent out The generation of heat sprawling out of control.
Figure 15 and Figure 16 are please referred to, in one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include multiple battery moulds Group 20.Multiple battery modules 20 are accommodated in the battery modules storage space 31.In Figure 15 and Figure 16, respectively illustrate Include the case where the solid deposition structure 50 and the blocking absorbing structure 70 in the lithium-ion battery systems 100.It can be with Understand, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can also be any combination including feature in any of the above-described a embodiment.For example, According to the design needs, solid the deposition structure 50, institute can be set in all pipelines 410 being shown in FIG. 16 State gas dilution structure 60 or the blocking absorbing structure 70.
The battery modules 20 include battery modules shell 21.The battery modules shell 21 defines a lithium ion battery Monomer storage space 22.Multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10 are accommodated in the lithium-ion battery monomer storage space 22.
It may include multiple battery modules 20 in the Battery case 30 in the present embodiment.Each described battery It may include multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10 in mould group 20.Specifically, in the Battery case 30 include the lithium from In the quantity of sub- battery cell 10, the quantity of the battery modules 20 and each battery modules 20 include the lithium from The quantity of sub- battery cell 10 can be selected and be set according to the different application scene of the lithium-ion battery systems 100 It sets.For example, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 can wrap when the lithium-ion battery systems 100 are applied to aerospace field Include multiple Battery cases 30.It may include multiple battery modules 20 in each described Battery case 30.Further May include multiple lithium-ion battery monomers 10 in each described battery modules 20.In addition in the Battery case Also the individual lithium-ion battery monomer 10 can be set in 30 and the battery modules 20 are set side by side.
In one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42.
One end of the battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42 and the cabinet safety valve 32 pass through piping connection.It is described The other end of battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42 and each described battery modules 20 pass through piping connection.
In the present embodiment, the battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42 is set and makes the lithium-ion battery systems 100 Structure it is more perfect.The battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42 is set in the lithium-ion battery systems 100, so that Process derived from the eruption is simpler, exports more efficient.
In one embodiment, the lithium-ion battery systems 100 further include lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44。
One end of the lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44 and the battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42 are logical Cross piping connection.Or one end of the lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44 directly passes through with the cabinet safety valve 32 Piping connection.The other end of the lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44 and each described lithium-ion battery monomer 10 are logical Cross piping connection.
In the present embodiment, the lithium ion battery export thereof gathering structure 44 is set and makes each described eruption can be with Export is first passed through, collects processing and is sent to the battery modules export thereof gathering structure 42.It is exported using the battery modules Object gathering structure 42 further collected the eruption, is exported or other processing.The lithium in the present embodiment The structure of ion battery systems 100 is more perfect, and process derived from the eruption is simpler, exports more efficient.
In one embodiment, providing a kind of energy-consuming product includes lithium-ion battery systems 100 described in any of the above embodiments. The energy-consuming product can be applied to vehicle, aviation, ship, naval vessels or other energy storage devices.Using the lithium ion The energy-consuming product of battery system 100 can effectively prevent the lithium-ion battery monomer 10 and thermal runaway sprawling occur.Institute The structure for stating lithium-ion battery systems 100 is simple, easy to accomplish, can provide technology to improve lithium ion battery fire safety Guarantee.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The several embodiments of the application above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art It says, without departing from the concept of this application, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the application Range.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the application patent.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of lithium-ion battery systems characterized by comprising
Battery case (30) surrounds and forms a battery modules storage space (31), and has a Battery case gas outlet (302);
Cabinet safety valve (32) is set to Battery case gas outlet (302);
Guiding device (40) passes through piping connection with the cabinet safety valve (32);And
Solid deposits structure (50), passes through piping connection with the derived type structure (40).
2. lithium-ion battery systems as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
At least one battery modules (20) is accommodated in the battery modules storage space (31);
At least one second one-way valve (401) is set to the surface of the battery modules (20), the second one-way valve (401) For controlling the export direction of the eruption in the battery modules storage space (31).
3. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that further include:
Battery modules export thereof gathering structure (42) is set in the battery modules storage space (31), and with it is described at least One second one-way valve (401) is gone out at least one described second one-way valve (401) with the Battery case by piping connection Port (302) connection.
4. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the battery modules (20) further include: battery Module casing (21) surrounds a lithium ion battery storage space (22), and has a battery modules shell gas outlet (202), the second one-way valve (401) is set to battery modules shell gas outlet (202);
Multiple lithium-ion battery monomers (10) are accommodated in the lithium ion battery storage space (22);
Multiple third check valves (403), each third check valve (403) are set to the lithium-ion battery monomer (10) Surface is unidirectionally exported for the eruption that thermal runaway generates to be occurred for the lithium-ion battery monomer (10).
5. such as lithium-ion battery systems of any of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that derived type structure (40) packet It includes:
Conduit (410) has input terminal (411) and output end (412), the input terminal (411) and the cabinet safety valve (32) it is fixedly connected.
6. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the solid deposits structure (50) and includes:
Granule capturing room (510), be set to the conduit (410) the input terminal (411) and the output end (412) it Between, for storing the liquid for capturing particle in the eruption.
7. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the solid deposits structure (50) further include:
Liquid injection port (520) is connected to the granule capturing room (510);And
Leakage fluid dram (530) is set to the predeterminated position of the granule capturing room (510), is used for the granule capturing room (510) In liquid discharge.
8. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the derived type structure (40) further include:
First check valve (420) is fixedly installed between the input terminal (411) and the cabinet safety valve (32), and makes Eruption in the proper Battery case (30) is unidirectionally discharged to the output end (412).
9. lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the derived type structure (40) further include:
Extraction fan (430) is set to the output end (412), for assisting to control the eruption to the output end (412) Unidirectional discharge.
10. a kind of energy-consuming product, which is characterized in that apply lithium-ion battery systems as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein.
CN201810848305.6A 2018-07-27 2018-07-27 Lithium ion battery system and energy consumption product Active CN109103391B (en)

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