CN109099309B - Low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment - Google Patents
Low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109099309B CN109099309B CN201810634854.3A CN201810634854A CN109099309B CN 109099309 B CN109099309 B CN 109099309B CN 201810634854 A CN201810634854 A CN 201810634854A CN 109099309 B CN109099309 B CN 109099309B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L1/00—Enclosures; Chambers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-high vacuum detection, in particular to low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment, which comprises: the liquid helium container, the connecting flange and the pipeline; the connecting flange comprises a first flange and a second flange which are connected; the first flange and the second flange are not coaxial, and the axis of the first flange and the axis of the second flange are parallel to each other; the area of the first flange is larger than that of the second flange, the projection of the outer periphery of the second flange on the cross section of the liquid helium container is internally tangent to the projection of the outer periphery of the first flange on the cross section of the liquid helium container, and the first flange is provided with a difference flange part; the pipeline penetrates through the difference flange part and is communicated with the inside of the liquid helium container. According to the low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment, the difference flange part is formed on the first flange, so that a pipeline for inserting the standard liquid helium infusion tube is arranged, and the standard liquid helium infusion tube can be used for liquid helium supplementation when liquid helium needs to be supplemented. The operation is simple and convenient, and the consumption of liquid helium in the infusion process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrahigh vacuum detection, in particular to low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment.
Background
The low-temperature Dewar can provide a stable low-temperature environment for the sample, and liquid helium Dewar is needed for cooling the sample to a liquid helium temperature zone in experiments. The liquid helium dewar commonly used in the market mainly comprises Cryovac dewar, janis dewar, cryogenic dewar and UNISOKU dewar. Most liquid helium Dewar adopts an up-down transfusion mode, and has the advantages that a standard liquid helium transfusion tube can be used, so that the consumption of liquid helium is reduced in the transfusion process.
The liquid helium Dewar used for temperature-changing experiments is generally in a structure with the upper and lower sample test areas, and temperature-increasing and temperature-decreasing experiments can not be carried out. Because the heat of the lower sample testing area is directly transferred to the upper liquid helium Dewar during the temperature raising and lowering experiment, the consumption of liquid helium is particularly large. So to save liquid helium we place the sample test area at the side of liquid helium Du Washang and press the liquid helium through the capillary into the sample test area above by adjusting the pressure above the liquid helium Dewar. Thus, the conventional operation of filling helium from top to bottom is complicated. The current solutions have basically two approaches: one is to move the upper sample test area when filling liquid helium, and reset after filling liquid helium. Another method is to fill the sides with liquid helium.
The Dewar of Japanese UNISOKU adopts the design of upper sample test area and lower liquid helium Dewar. The liquid helium transfusion way is to insert liquid helium Dewar from the lower part of the sample test area through a bent pipe of ninety degrees, and to fill liquid helium horizontally. However, this approach is not conducive to replacing the liquid helium tubing during our experiments, nor is it conducive to saving liquid helium. And the liquid helium infusion tube with the heat insulation layer can only be inserted into the horizontal part of the bent pipe, and the vertical part is not provided with the heat insulation layer, so that larger liquid helium loss and expensive liquid helium cost are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a low-temperature vacuum experimental device which is convenient to operate and can use a standard liquid helium infusion tube to supplement liquid helium, aiming at the problems that the traditional experimental device is unfavorable for helium infusion, inconvenient to operate and the like.
The above purpose is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a low temperature vacuum experimental facility comprising: a liquid helium container for loading liquid helium;
the connecting flange comprises a first flange and a second flange which are connected, and the first flange is connected with the liquid helium container; the first flange and the second flange are not coaxial, and the axis of the first flange and the axis of the second flange are parallel to each other; the area of the first flange is larger than that of the second flange, the projection of the outer periphery of the second flange on the cross section of the liquid helium container is inscribed on the projection of the outer periphery of the first flange on the cross section of the liquid helium container, and the first flange is provided with a difference flange part;
and a pipeline penetrating through the difference flange part and communicated with the inside of the liquid helium container.
In the low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment, the second flange is internally tangent to the first flange in space, so that the first flange is provided with the difference flange part, and a pipeline communicated with the inside of the liquid helium container is arranged. It will be appreciated that the tubing may be used to insert a standard liquid helium infusion tube so that when liquid helium needs to be replenished, the upper sample testing device does not need to be moved or a specially-made non-standard infusion tube is used to replenish liquid helium. The standard liquid helium infusion tube can be inserted into the pipeline to supplement liquid helium for the liquid helium container, the operation is simple and convenient, and the consumption of liquid helium in the infusion process is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid helium vessel and a connecting flange of a low temperature vacuum test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature vacuum experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the structure shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 4.
Wherein:
10-low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment;
100-liquid helium vessel;
110-a container lid; 111-a first support bar;
120-piping; 121-a first tube; 122-a second tube;
123-elastic tube; 124-heat insulating pipes;
125-a first conduit; 126-a second conduit; 127-third conduit;
130-a liquid supply pipe;
200-connecting flanges;
210-a first flange; 220-a second flange; 230-a difference flange portion;
240-connecting pipes; 241-electrode tube;
300-an equipment housing;
400-sample measurement device;
410-a device housing;
420-measuring table; 421-second support bar; 422-cooling chamber;
500-a first thermal insulation shell; 510-exhaust pipe;
600-a second heat-preserving shell;
700-liquid nitrogen container; 710-reinforcing plate;
800-a third heat preservation shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical schemes and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the low temperature vacuum experimental apparatus of the present invention will be further described in detail by examples below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
The embodiment of the invention provides low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment 10, which specifically refers to experimental equipment with a sample detection area at the upper part and a liquid helium Dewar device at the lower part. Aiming at the problem that the traditional experiment equipment is inconvenient to supplement liquid helium by adopting a standard liquid helium infusion tube, the following embodiments of the invention provide the low-temperature vacuum experiment equipment 10 which is convenient to operate and can supplement liquid helium by adopting the standard liquid helium infusion tube.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a low temperature vacuum experimental apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the invention includes a liquid helium container 100, a connection flange 200 and a pipe 120. The liquid helium vessel 100 is for loading liquid helium.
The connection flange 200 includes a first flange 210 and a second flange 220 that are connected. The first flange 210 is connected to the liquid helium vessel 100; the first flange 210 is not coaxial with the second flange 220, and the axis of the first flange 210 is parallel to the axis of the second flange 220; the area of the first flange 210 is larger than the area of the second flange 220, the projection of the outer periphery of the second flange 220 on the cross section of the liquid helium container 100 is inscribed on the projection of the outer periphery of the first flange 210 on the cross section of the liquid helium container 100, and the first flange 210 has a difference flange part 230. It will be appreciated that the second flange 220 is adapted to be coupled to a sample measurement device 400.
The pipe 120 is disposed through the differential flange 230, and the liquid delivery pipe 120 communicates with the inside of the liquid helium container 100.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the difference set flange portion 230 refers to a difference set concept in a mathematical set. The difference flange 230 is the difference flange 230, provided that the projection of the first flange 210 on the cross section of the liquid helium container 100 is a, and the projection of the second flange 220 on the cross section of the liquid helium container 100 is B, and the local first flange corresponding to the projection area belonging to a and not belonging to B is the difference flange 230.
The liquid helium vessel 100 is used to load liquid helium and provide liquid helium to the sample measurement device 400 to cool the temperature of the sample measurement device 400 to a liquid helium temperature zone required for the experiment (e.g., 4-5k, k is kelvin, temperature units in international units). The liquid helium vessel 100 is an empty sealing structure, and may have various shapes, as long as it can provide a sealing vessel for loading liquid helium. It will be appreciated that the liquid helium vessel 100 may be generally cylindrical in cross-sectional shape and may be of a variety of shapes. Such as circular, square, polygonal, etc.
The pipe 120 is disposed through the differential flange 230 and communicates with the inside of the liquid helium vessel 100. It will be appreciated that the number of the pipes 120 may be plural, and that the plurality of the pipes 120 may be used for inserting a liquid helium infusion tube, or for inserting a liquid level gauge, etc., respectively.
In one embodiment, the conduit 120 includes a first conduit 125, the first conduit 125 being in communication with the interior of the liquid helium vessel 100 and directed toward the bottom surface of the liquid helium vessel 100. The first pipe 125 is used for inserting a liquid helium infusion tube. The first conduit 125 may be inserted with a liquid helium infusion tube to facilitate replenishing liquid helium into the liquid helium vessel 100 through the liquid helium infusion tube. The liquid helium infusion tube in the embodiment of the invention refers to a standard liquid helium infusion tube. The standard liquid helium infusion tube is adopted, so that the liquid helium infusion tube can be conveniently replaced in experiments, and equipment is convenient to use. The cross-sectional shape of the first conduit 125 may be any of a variety as long as it can be used to insert a liquid helium infusion tube. It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the first conduit 125 may be circular, oval, square, polygonal, etc.
In one embodiment, the conduit 120 further includes a second conduit 126, the second conduit 126 being in communication with the interior of the liquid helium vessel 100 and directed toward the bottom surface of the liquid helium vessel 100. The second pipe 126 is used for inserting a level gauge. The cross-sectional shape of the second conduit 126 may be varied as long as it is capable of inserting a level gauge. It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the second conduit 126 may be circular, oval, square, polygonal, etc. In this embodiment, the remaining space of the difference flange 230 is fully and reasonably utilized, and the second pipe 126 for inserting a liquid level gauge is provided, so as to monitor the capacity of the liquid helium in the liquid helium container 100 in real time, and facilitate timely replenishment of the liquid helium.
In one embodiment, the conduit 120 further comprises a third conduit 127, the third conduit 127 being in communication with the interior of the liquid helium vessel 100. The third conduit 127 is used to regulate the gas pressure inside the liquid helium vessel 100. The cross-sectional shape of the third conduit 127 may be various as long as it can provide a conduit for gas input or output. It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the third conduit 127 may be circular, oval, square, polygonal, etc. In the present embodiment, the surplus space of the differential flange 230 is fully and reasonably utilized, and the third pipe 127 communicating with the inside of the liquid helium vessel 100 is provided. So that the gas pressure of the liquid helium head space in the liquid helium vessel 100 can be adjusted in real time to better realize the supply of liquid helium to the upper sample measurement device 400.
In the low-temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second flange 220 is internally cut into the first flange 210 in space, so that the first flange 210 has the difference flange part 230 to provide the pipe 120 communicating with the inside of the liquid helium vessel 100. And the tubing 120 may be used to insert a standard liquid helium infusion tube so that the upper sample testing device does not need to be moved when liquid helium needs to be replenished, or a special non-standard infusion tube is used to replenish liquid helium. Instead, a standard liquid helium infusion tube can be inserted into the pipe 120 to supplement liquid helium to the liquid helium container 100, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the consumption of liquid helium in the infusion process is reduced. In addition, the second flange 220 is internally cut in the first flange 210 in space, so that the arrangement of the upper sample measuring device 400 and the lower liquid helium container 100 is more compact and reasonable, and the structure of the low-temperature vacuum experiment equipment 10 is more stable and regular.
As an embodiment, the connection flange 200 further includes a connection pipe 240, one end of the connection pipe 240 is connected to the first flange 210, and the other end of the connection pipe 240 is connected to the second flange 220; the connection pipe 240 is provided with a plurality of electrode pipes 241 communicating with the inside of the connection pipe 240. In this embodiment, the first flange 210 and the second flange 220 are connected by the connection pipe 240, which is more beneficial to the arrangement of the whole structure of the low-temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10. And by providing a plurality of the electrode tubes 241 communicating with the inside of the connection tube 240 on the connection tube 240, the connection of the low temperature vacuum test apparatus 10 of the present invention with external other apparatuses, such as a control apparatus, an analysis apparatus, etc., can be facilitated.
The first flange 210 may be connected to the liquid helium vessel 100 in a variety of manners. Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment, the liquid helium vessel 100 includes a vessel cover 110, and the vessel cover 110 is connected to the first flange 210 through at least two first support rods 111. It is understood that the number of the first supporting bars 111 may be two, three or more. The first support rods 111 may be uniformly distributed along the circumference of the container cover 110, so that the liquid helium container 100 is uniformly and stably fixed under stress. In one embodiment, the circumferential edge of the container cover 110 may be provided with a plurality of lugs, which are connected to the respective first support bars 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of each of the first support rods 111 is welded to the first flange 210. The other end of each of the first support rods 111 is connected to the container cover 110 by the corresponding lug. By providing lugs, the connection of the first flange 210 to the liquid helium vessel 100 may be facilitated. For example, in the case that the area of the first flange 210 is larger than the radial area of the liquid helium vessel 100, the connection manner of the first flange 210 and the liquid helium vessel 100 is more flexible by the lugs.
In one embodiment, the first support rod 111 is hollow and tubular. The first support rod 111 is designed as a hollow tube shape, so that the heat transfer between the first flange 210 and the liquid helium container 100 through the first support rod 111 can be reduced, thereby reducing the consumption of liquid helium. Further, the wall of the first support rod 111 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation through holes. By providing the plurality of heat dissipation through holes on the pipe wall of the first support rod 111, the heat transfer between the first flange 210 and the liquid helium container 100 through the first support rod 111 can be further reduced, and the consumption of liquid helium can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, as an embodiment, the pipe 120 includes a first pipe body 121, a second pipe body 122, and an elastic pipe 123. The elastic pipe 123 connects the first pipe body 121 and the second pipe body 122. The first pipe body 121 is disposed through the differential flange 230, and the second pipe body 122 is disposed through the liquid helium container 100. It is understood that the elastic tube 123 may be a tube such as a bellows with a certain elastic fault tolerance. By designing the pipe 120 to include the first pipe body 121, the second pipe body 122, and the elastic pipe 123, fault tolerance of the pipe 120 can be increased, and the phenomenon that the pipe 120 cannot be inserted into a standard liquid helium infusion tube or cannot be inserted into a liquid level gauge due to assembly errors can be avoided. It is understood that the first, second and third pipes 125, 126 and 127 may be provided in a structure including the first, second and third pipes 121, 122 and 123 to increase fault tolerance of the first, second and third pipes 125, 126 and 127.
As one embodiment, the low temperature vacuum test apparatus 10 further includes a thermal isolation tube 124. The insulating tube 124 is welded to the differential set flange portion 230 and is connected to the pipe 120. The pipe 120 is connected to the differential set flange portion 230 by the insulating pipe 124. By providing the insulating tubing 124, heat exchange between the tubing 120 and the external environment may be reduced. It will be appreciated that the first, second and third conduits 125, 126, 127 may each be connected to the differential set flange portion 230 by the insulating tube 124 to reduce heat exchange between the first, second and third conduits 125, 126, 127 and the external environment.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, as an implementation manner, the low temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further includes an apparatus housing 300 connected to the first flange 210. The liquid helium vessel 100 is suspended within the equipment enclosure 300 by the first flange 210. The sample measurement device 400 includes a device housing 410 coupled to the second flange 220. The device housing 300, the connection flange 200 and the apparatus housing 410 form a sealed space that can be evacuated. It will be appreciated that the device housing 410, the connection flange 200, and the apparatus housing 300 are sequentially hermetically connected from top to bottom. The sample measurement device 400 is located above the liquid helium vessel 100. When the second flange 220 is spatially inscribed in the first flange 210, the liquid helium transfusion tube may be inserted into the bottom of the liquid helium container 100 obliquely from top to bottom through the first pipe 125 provided at the difference flange part 230 of the first flange 210. The liquid helium of the liquid helium container 100 in the low-temperature vacuum experiment equipment 10 can be supplemented without removing the sample measuring device 400 above or adopting a special liquid helium infusion tube, and adopting a universal standard liquid helium infusion tube.
In one embodiment, the sample measurement device 400 further includes a measurement stage 420 disposed within the device housing 410. The measurement table 420 may be mounted in connection with the device housing 410. The measuring table 420 may also be supported to the liquid helium vessel 100 by at least two second support rods 421. It is understood that the number of the second supporting bars 421 may be two, three or more. The second support bars 421 may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the measuring table 420, so that the measuring table 420 is uniformly and stably fixed under stress.
The measurement table 420 comprises a cooling chamber 422, and the liquid helium vessel 100 is provided with a liquid supply tube 130 communicating from inside the liquid helium vessel 100 to the cooling chamber 422. The liquid supply pipe 130 may be a capillary steel pipe. By adjusting the air pressure above the liquid level in the liquid helium vessel 100, liquid helium is forced into the cooling chamber 422 through the capillary tube.
As an embodiment, the low temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further includes: the first thermal insulation shell 500 is sleeved on the measuring table 420 and the liquid helium container 100. And an exhaust pipe 510 communicating with the cooling chamber 422 and the outside of the device case 410. The exhaust pipe 510 surrounds the first heat preservation housing 500 and is communicated to the outside of the device housing 410 through the first flange 210. The first thermal insulation housing 500 is spaced apart from the measurement table 420 and the liquid helium container 100. This space creates a vacuum environment between the liquid helium vessel 100 and the first thermal enclosure 500, which can provide thermal insulation to the liquid helium vessel 100.
The exhaust pipe 510 has one end connected to the cooling chamber 422 and the other end connected to the outside of the device case 410 through the first flange 210. By providing the exhaust pipe 510, the helium gas after cooling the measuring table 420 by absorbing heat can be exhausted. The exhaust pipe 510 for exhausting is surrounded by the first heat-preserving casing 500, so that the residual coldness in the gas can be fully utilized to cool the first heat-preserving casing 500, and further, the liquid helium container 100 can be better heat-preserved.
As an embodiment, the low temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further includes: the second heat preservation housing 600 is sleeved on the first heat preservation housing 500. The second thermal insulation case 600 has a space from the first thermal insulation case 500. The space forms a vacuum environment between the first heat-preserving housing 500 and the second heat-preserving housing 600, and serves as heat preservation.
As an embodiment, the low temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further includes: a liquid nitrogen container 700 which is cylindrical and is sleeved on the liquid helium container 100. The liquid nitrogen container 700 is located between the second heat-retaining housing 600 and the apparatus housing 300. The liquid nitrogen container 700 is used to load liquid nitrogen and supply liquid nitrogen to the sample measurement device 400 to cool the temperature of the sample measurement device 400 to a liquid nitrogen temperature region (e.g., 77K) required for the experiment. The liquid nitrogen container 700 is an empty sealing structure, and its shape may be various as long as it can provide a sealing container for loading liquid nitrogen. It is understood that the liquid nitrogen container 700 may have a cylindrical shape and may have various cross-sectional shapes. For example, its cross-sectional shape is adapted to the shape of the liquid helium vessel 100. When the liquid helium vessel 100 is cylindrical, the liquid nitrogen vessel 700 may be cylindrical. By providing the liquid nitrogen container 700, the low-temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 of the present embodiment can be adapted to various experimental conditions.
In one embodiment, the low-temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further comprises a third insulation case 800 sleeved on the liquid nitrogen container 700. A space is provided between the third heat-insulating housing 800 and the liquid nitrogen container 700, and between the third heat-insulating housing 800 and the apparatus housing 300. The third insulation shell 800 is used for insulating the liquid nitrogen container 700 to insulate the liquid nitrogen container 700 from heat exchange with the environment outside the device shell 300.
In one embodiment, a plurality of reinforcing plates 710 may be disposed in the liquid nitrogen container 700, and the plurality of reinforcing plates 710 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the liquid nitrogen container 700. The plurality of reinforcing plates 710 are used for reinforcing the structural strength of the liquid nitrogen container 700, and avoiding the deformation phenomenon of the side wall of the liquid nitrogen container 700. It will be appreciated that the reinforcement plate 710 is used to reinforce the structural strength of the liquid nitrogen container 700, and may have a plurality of through holes for the passage of liquid nitrogen to avoid stratification of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container 700.
As an embodiment, the low temperature vacuum experiment apparatus 10 further includes a vacuum pump (not shown) connected to the apparatus housing 300. The vacuum pump may be located below the apparatus housing 300. The vacuum pump is used to evacuate the sealed space formed by the device housing 300, the connection flange 200, and the apparatus housing 410, which can be evacuated. Thereby, the vacuum environment is also formed between the liquid helium vessel 100 and the first heat-preserving shell 500, between the first heat-preserving shell 500 and the second heat-preserving shell 600, between the second heat-preserving shell 600 and the liquid nitrogen vessel 700, between the liquid nitrogen vessel 700 and the third heat-preserving shell 800, and between the third heat-preserving shell 800 and the equipment shell 300, so that the first heat-preserving shell 500, the second heat-preserving shell 600 and the third heat-preserving shell 800 play a role in heat preservation and heat insulation.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A low temperature vacuum experimental facility, comprising:
a liquid helium container (100), wherein the liquid helium container (100) is cylindrical, and the liquid helium container (100) is of an inner hollow sealing structure and is used for loading liquid helium;
-a connection flange (200) comprising a first flange (210) and a second flange (220) connected, said first flange (210) being connected to said liquid helium vessel (100); -the first flange (210) is not coaxial with the second flange (220), and-the axis of the first flange (210) and the axis of the second flange (220) are mutually parallel; the area of the first flange (210) is larger than that of the second flange (220), the projection of the outer periphery of the second flange (220) on the cross section of the liquid helium container (100) is inscribed on the projection of the outer periphery of the first flange (210) on the cross section of the liquid helium container (100), and the first flange (210) is provided with a difference flange part; and
and a pipe (120) which is inserted into the differential flange (230) and communicates with the inside of the liquid helium container (100).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the pipe (120) comprises a first pipe body (121) and a second pipe body (122), and an elastic pipe (123) connecting the first pipe body (121) and the second pipe body (122); the first pipe body (121) penetrates through the difference flange part (230), and the second pipe body (122) penetrates through the liquid helium container (100).
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
further comprises:
and a heat insulating pipe (124) welded to the differential flange (230) and connected to the pipe (120), wherein the pipe (120) and the differential flange (230) are connected by the heat insulating pipe (124).
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the pipeline (120) comprises a first pipeline (125), wherein the first pipeline (125) is communicated with the inside of the liquid helium container (100) and points to the bottom surface of the liquid helium container (100) for inserting a liquid helium infusion tube.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the pipeline (120) further comprises a second pipeline (126), and the second pipeline (126) is communicated with the inside of the liquid helium container (100) and points to the bottom surface of the liquid helium container (100) for inserting a liquid level gauge.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the conduit (120) further comprises a third conduit (127), the third conduit (127) being in communication with the interior of the liquid helium vessel (100) for regulating the gas pressure inside the liquid helium vessel (100).
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the connecting flange (200) further comprises a connecting pipe (240), one end of the connecting pipe (240) is connected with the first flange (210), the other end of the connecting pipe (240) is connected with the second flange (220), and a plurality of electrode pipes (241) communicated with the inside of the connecting pipe (240) are arranged on the connecting pipe (240).
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the liquid helium vessel (100) comprises a vessel cover (110), wherein the vessel cover (110) is connected with the first flange (210) through at least two first supporting rods (111).
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein,
the first supporting rod (111) is hollow and tubular, and the pipe wall of the first supporting rod is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation through holes.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
further comprises:
-an equipment housing (300) connected to the first flange (210); the liquid helium vessel (100) is suspended within the equipment housing (300) by the first flange (210);
the sample measuring device (400) comprises a device housing (410), wherein the device housing (410) is connected with the second flange (220), and the device housing (300), the connecting flange (200) and the device housing (410) form a sealed space which can be vacuumized.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein,
the sample measuring device (400) further comprises a measuring table (420), wherein the measuring table (420) is arranged in the device shell (410) and is supported on the liquid helium container (100) through at least two second supporting rods (421);
the measurement table (420) comprises a cooling chamber (422), and the liquid helium container (100) is provided with a liquid supply pipe (130) communicated to the cooling chamber (422) from the inside of the liquid helium container (100).
12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein,
further comprises:
a first heat-preserving shell (500) sleeved on the measuring table (420) and the liquid helium container (100);
and the exhaust pipe (510) is communicated with the cooling cavity (422) and the outside of the device shell (410), and the exhaust pipe (510) surrounds the first heat preservation shell (500) and is communicated to the outside of the device shell (410) through the first flange (210).
13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein,
further comprises:
the second heat preservation shell (600) is sleeved on the first heat preservation shell (500), and an interval is reserved between the second heat preservation shell (600) and the first heat preservation shell (500).
14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein,
further comprises:
and the cylindrical liquid nitrogen container (700) is sleeved on the liquid helium container (100) and is positioned between the second heat insulation shell (600) and the equipment shell (300).
15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein,
a plurality of reinforcing plates (710) are arranged in the liquid nitrogen container (700), and the reinforcing plates (710) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the liquid nitrogen container (700).
16. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein,
further comprises:
the third heat preservation shell (800) is sleeved on the liquid nitrogen container (700), and a space is reserved between the third heat preservation shell (800) and the liquid nitrogen container (700) and between the third heat preservation shell (800) and the equipment shell (300).
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| CN201810634854.3A CN109099309B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment |
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| CN201810634854.3A CN109099309B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Low-temperature vacuum experimental equipment |
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| CN111411823B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-23 | 北京大学 | Ultrahigh vacuum low-temperature sample table connecting lock and control method thereof |
| CN113340552B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2024-07-09 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | Liquid nitrogen medium pressure generating device |
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| DE3532556A1 (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1987-03-12 | Inst Fuer Kerntechnik & Energ | Appliance for cyclic heating and cooling of specimens |
| CN2255022Y (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-05-28 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Constant low temp. device with adjusting sample position function |
| US6568194B1 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2003-05-27 | Superconductor Technologies, Inc. | Evacuation port and closure for dewars |
| CN103174930B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2015-10-14 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | A kind of ultrahigh vacuum cooled cryostat carrying shock-absorbing function |
| CN102854056A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Material low-temperature mechanical property testing device with refrigerating machine as cold source |
| CN204503134U (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | For the refrigeration structure of integrated form Dewar component temperature variation testing |
| CN208537085U (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-02-22 | 清华大学 | Cryogenic vacuum experimental facilities |
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