CN109096527A - A kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109096527A
CN109096527A CN201810728890.6A CN201810728890A CN109096527A CN 109096527 A CN109096527 A CN 109096527A CN 201810728890 A CN201810728890 A CN 201810728890A CN 109096527 A CN109096527 A CN 109096527A
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polymer
preparation
open
hydrophobic
cell material
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CN109096527B (en
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张振秀
邹立
信支援
温时宝
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Jiangsu Da Mao Niu New Material Co ltd
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D17/00Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/06CO2, N2 or noble gases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/08Supercritical fluid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/02Foams characterised by their properties the finished foam itself being a gel or a gel being temporarily formed when processing the foamable composition
    • C08J2205/026Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/05Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06Polyethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12Polypropene
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material and preparation method, with polymer raw materials such as PE, PP, PS, PB, PLA, PPC, it is dissolved in suitable organic solvent later, form polymer solution, by the polymer solution of the reinforcing materials such as polymer solution or addition sponge, non-woven fabrics, cotton, a kind of polymer material of super-hydrophobic and high aperture is obtained after Thermal inactive and supercritical drying, it can be widely applied to water-oil separating and automatically cleaning field, be mainly used as water-oil separating material and superhydrophobic fabric.

Description

A kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material
Technical field
The invention belongs to polymeric material field, more particularly relate to a kind of simply prepare hydrophobic polymer and open The formula and preparation method of Porous materials.
Technical background
Super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic material is a kind of special material, and the contact angle between water droplet and its surface is higher than 150 °, And oil droplet and its surface contact angle are then close to 0 °.The characteristics of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic material is: material surface has lower It surface can chemical component;The surface of material has certain roughness.It, be to its table when preparing super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic material Face carries out constructing coarse structure, to increase the roughness on surface, or using have the substance of low-surface-energy to its surface into Row modification.Specific operating method has following two: (1) first increasing material table in some coarse structures of surface construction of material The roughness in face reuses the substance with low-surface-energy later and modifies its surface;(2) first using with low-surface-energy Substance material surface is modified, carry out constructing coarse structure later on the surface of the substance with low-surface-energy again, Material is set to obtain the performance of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic.Super-hydrophobic open-cell material is due to the continuous structure of internal high aperture and special Surface chemical property can realize the separation of oil water mixture.Compared with traditional separation material and separation method, material is utilized Superhydrophobic characteristic carry out water-oil separating and have that preparation process is simple, property is stable, easy to operate, good separating effect and separation The advantages that high-efficient, and the function of its special superhydrophobic characteristic and oil-water selectivity can be applied to many fields, than Such as say self-cleaning material, the fields such as waterproof coating.
For the potential application of super-hydrophobic open-cell material, we have developed one kind using polymer as basis material, passes through letter Single Thermal inactive method prepares the process of super-hydrophobic open-cell material.By the way that polymer is dissolved in suitable solvent In, after the mode that makes polymer that self assembly be precipitated during cooling of the method through Thermal inactive prepare super-hydrophobic polymerization Object open-cell material, preparation method is simple, and possesses extensive potential application in water-oil separating and automatically cleaning field.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to be directed to the deficiency of existing super hydrophobic material preparation method, provide a kind of super-hydrophobic poly- Close object open-cell material and preparation method.For the present invention with PE, PP, PS, PB, PLA, PPC etc. for raw material, it is suitable to be dissolved in later The organic solvents such as dimethylbenzene, toluene, acetone, n-hexane, methylene chloride or gasoline in, after through Thermal inactive or sea is added A kind of polymer of super-hydrophobic and high aperture is obtained after the reinforcing materials such as silk floss, non-woven fabrics, cotton after Thermal inactive and drying Material can be widely applied to water-oil separating and automatically cleaning field, be mainly used as water-oil separating material and superhydrophobic fabric.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material and preparation method thereof.It is formulated As follows: polymer/solvent concentration is 0.01-1g/ml;Wherein, the polymer is one of PE, PP, PS, PB, PLA, PPC Or it is a variety of, the solvent is one of dimethylbenzene, toluene, acetone, n-hexane, methylene chloride, gasoline or a variety of, is prepared Specific step is as follows:
(1) it the preparation of polymer solution: by suitable polymer and solvent in closed container, is stirred in 50-180 DEG C of machinery Under conditions of mixing in a solvent by polymer dissolution, churned mechanically revolving speed is 40-500rpm, dissolution time 2-24h, is formed Uniform polymer solution.
(2) molding of hydrophobic polymer: polymer solution is poured into mold, forms its cooled to room temperature solidifying Glue, or cooled to room temperature in polymer solution is added in reinforcing material and forms gel.
(3) supercritical drying prepares polymeric aerogels: polymer gel after molding is put into supercritical reaction kettle, It is passed through CO2, so that pressure is reached 7Mpa-20Mpa, temperature of reaction kettle is 40-70 DEG C, it is then saturated after 0.5-4h, slow pressure release, Pressure is zeroed after 2-10h, then cools down, until taking out material after room temperature, obtains hydrophobic polymer aeroge.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the effect of following excellent:
1. such polymer open-cell material, the super-hydrophobic spy with excellent chemical resistance, high porosity and brilliance Property;
2. with this formula and technique, the polymer open-cell material being prepared has light high-strength, asepsis environment-protecting, pollution-free Etc. features;
3. have many advantages, such as simple, at low cost, the continuous high open-celled structure of preparation process compared with existing super-hydrophobic product, This material has the function of water-oil separating, high-throughput, can recycle.
Detailed description of the invention
The stereoscan photograph on Fig. 1 embodiment 1PP aeroge surface;
The stereoscan photograph of Fig. 2 embodiment 2PE aeroge@sponge surface;
The oil absorbing effect of Fig. 3 embodiment 2PE aeroge@sponge.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below by specific embodiment, but the scope of the present invention It is not restricted by the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
PP 12g, dimethylbenzene 100ml.
Oil bath pan temperature setting is 150 DEG C, and mechanical stirring rotor speed is 300rpm, and PP and dimethylbenzene are added according to the ratio In round-bottomed flask, under confined conditions, mechanical stirring 3h obtains uniform PP solution.Solution is poured into mold, under confined conditions Cooled to room temperature forms PP gel.PP gel is put into supercritical reaction kettle, temperature setting is 60 DEG C, is passed through CO2Make Pressure reaches 7.5Mpa, supercritical drying 3h, later slow pressure release, and pressure is zeroed after 4h, is cooled to room temperature, is surpassed after taking-up Hydrophobic PP open-cell material, density 0.178g/cm3, porosity reaches 93%, and the contact angle on surface can reach 157 °, scanning Electron micrograph is shown in Fig. 1, and a variety of organic solvents such as n-hexane, dimethylbenzene, silicone oil, gasoline can be absorbed in this open-cell material, And there is good reusability.
Embodiment 2
PE 10g, dimethylbenzene 100ml, sponge 3*3*3cm.
Oil bath pan temperature setting is 130 DEG C, and mechanical stirring rotor speed is 300rpm, and PE and dimethylbenzene are added according to the ratio In round-bottomed flask, under confined conditions, mechanical stirring 3h obtains uniform PE solution.Solution is poured into the mold containing sponge, Cooled to room temperature under confined conditions forms PE@sponge-gel.It is put into after the PE gel for being compounded with sponge is taken out overcritical In reaction kettle, temperature setting is 60 DEG C, pressure 7Mpa, supercritical drying 12h, and the sea PE@of super-hydrophobic/superabsorbent oil is obtained after taking-up The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of continuous open-cell material, PE@sponge open-cell material is shown in Fig. 2, and the oil absorption capacity of this composite material greatly increases, can be 5 times of own wt of n-hexane (oil red O stain) is absorbed in 3s rapidly, absorption process is shown in Fig. 3.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention, all using equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation Mode technical solution obtained, falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material, which is characterized in that preparation step is as follows: (1) with polymer It for raw material, puts it into organic solvent later, heats up, dissolved after stirring, obtain polymer solution;(2) by polymer solution Stop heating, forms polymer wet gel after slow cooling is cooling, basis material can also be put into cold together in polymer solution But the composite material wet gel of polymer and basis material is formed;(3) wet gel is placed in supercritical autoclave, is forced into 7-20Mpa is warming up to 40-80 DEG C later, and after being saturated 0.5-4h, normal pressure is slowly dropped under conditions of heat preservation, slowly drops later To room temperature, kettle is opened, obtains polymeric aerogels material, water-oil separating and automatically cleaning field is can be widely applied to, is mainly used as Water-oil separating material and superhydrophobic fabric.
2. a kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Polymer raw material in step (1) is PE, PP, PS, PB, PLA, PPC;The organic solvent is dimethylbenzene, toluene, acetone, just Hexane, methylene chloride or gasoline solution temperature are 100-180 DEG C, mixing time 1-6h.
3. a kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described The amount of polymer/solvent is 0.01-1g/ml.
4. a kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Basis material in step (2) can be the materials such as sponge, non-woven fabrics, cotton.
5. a kind of preparation method of hydrophobic polymer open-cell material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described The time being depressured in step (3) is 2-10h.
CN201810728890.6A 2018-07-04 2018-07-04 Preparation method of super-hydrophobic polymer open-cell material Active CN109096527B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110158316A (en) * 2019-05-29 2019-08-23 南京大学 A kind of polydactyl acid non-woven fabrics and the preparation method and application thereof for water-oil separating
CN114504955A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-05-17 北京师范大学 Method for preparing polymer porous membrane by low-temperature thermally-induced phase separation and product thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030073158A1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-04-17 Ma Peter X. Degradable porous materials with high surface areas
CN102886155A (en) * 2012-09-20 2013-01-23 北京航空航天大学 Bionic construction of metal-foam-based oil-water separation material
CN103464003A (en) * 2013-09-24 2013-12-25 清华大学 Method for preparing polypropylene hollow-fiber porous membranes
US9034934B1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2015-05-19 Yosry A. Attia Polythylene aerogels and method of their production

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030073158A1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-04-17 Ma Peter X. Degradable porous materials with high surface areas
US9034934B1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2015-05-19 Yosry A. Attia Polythylene aerogels and method of their production
CN102886155A (en) * 2012-09-20 2013-01-23 北京航空航天大学 Bionic construction of metal-foam-based oil-water separation material
CN103464003A (en) * 2013-09-24 2013-12-25 清华大学 Method for preparing polypropylene hollow-fiber porous membranes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110158316A (en) * 2019-05-29 2019-08-23 南京大学 A kind of polydactyl acid non-woven fabrics and the preparation method and application thereof for water-oil separating
WO2020238270A1 (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-12-03 南京大学 Modified polylactic acid non-woven fabric for oil-water separation, preparation method therefor and application thereof
GB2598511A (en) * 2019-05-29 2022-03-02 Nanjing University Modified polylactic acid non-woven fabric for oil-water separation, preparation method therefor and application thereof
GB2598511B (en) * 2019-05-29 2022-07-06 Nanjing University Modified polylactic acid nonwoven fabric for oil/water separation and preparation method and application thereof
CN114504955A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-05-17 北京师范大学 Method for preparing polymer porous membrane by low-temperature thermally-induced phase separation and product thereof
CN114504955B (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-02-28 北京师范大学 Method for preparing polymer porous membrane by low-temperature thermally induced phase separation and product thereof

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