CN109096311B - 一种检测水的荧光探针、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机小分子荧光探针和生物传感技术领域,尤其涉及一种检测水的荧光探针、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
水是我们生命体的重要组成部分,它组成了生物体重的60%-95%,也参与了生命体中如新陈代谢等重要运转机制。可以说生命活动是以水为中心进行的,药物、食品、锂电池及有机溶剂中水含量的检测也越来越重要。在工业生产及有机化学合成反应中控制水分含量的多少起到关键作用。例如在化学实验中叔丁基锂遇水会发生爆炸性反应,为实验室不可忽视的安全隐患。其次锂离子电池中的水能和电解质液发生反应,电池容量随水含量的增加逐渐减小,对锂离子电池的寿命影响颇大。在氯碱工业生产中,氯含水超标对安全生产构成重大威胁。在2005年4月10日,东化公司发生了一起纳氏泵跳闸事故,氯气外逸污染周围环境,这次事故源于氯气中水含量的超标。因此,开发新型、快速且便捷定量检测水含量的荧光探针,不仅在化学实验中而且在工业生产上具有重要意义。
目前报道的对于食品中水分含量测定方法有卡尔费休法,其方法简单,准确适用于痕量水的测定,但由于它基于电化学和物理传感机制,其便携性相对较小,实时检测水分含量较困难。因此,急需开发快速、高效、具有广泛性且可实时检测水含量的新型探针。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种检测水的荧光探针、制备方法及其应用,可用于级别在0%到接近99%样品测定。其原理是因为水中质子与噻唑的N原子形成了氢键,抑制了非辐射跃迁从而实现快速检测有机溶剂中水含量的目的。
实现本发明的技术方案是:一种检测水的荧光探针,结构式如下:其中R为甲基、乙基、丙基或苄基,R′为Br-、Cl-或F-。
检测水的荧光探针的制备方法,步骤如下:将紫精化合物与卤素化合物混合,油浴条件下反应后冷却至室温,加入甲醇混合后利用正己烷洗涤,抽滤得到荧光探针。
所述卤素化合物的结构式如下:R-R′,其中R为甲基、乙基、丙基或苄基,R′为Br-、Cl-或F-。
所述紫精化合物与卤素化合物的摩尔比为3:50。
所述油浴温度为120-130℃,反应时间为22-24h。
所述的荧光探针在检测食物、药品及有机溶剂中的水含量的应用。
将荧光探针溶解于DMSO中,制成浓度为2mM的探针储存液,将探针储存液加入到有机溶剂中,以385nm进行激发,加入水后测定荧光强度。
所述有机溶剂为1,4-二氧六环,二甲基亚砜与N,N二甲基甲酰胺,有机溶剂与水的体积比为1:(0-99)。
所述的荧光探针作为试纸条基底的应用。
上述应用具体包括:
分别测试探针储存液加入不同比例水前后的紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱的变化,荧光光谱的变化为:以385nm光激发时,在466nm处的荧光迅速增强,并且随着含水量的增加荧光强度不断增加。
在365nm光源照射下,观察荧光探针在不同比例水含量有机溶剂中荧光变化。
上述应用包括以下步骤:
(1)配制储存液:称取探针,用DMSO溶解,准确配制2mM的探针储存液;
(2)向比色皿中加入2mL 1,4-二氧六环,加入10μL浓度为2mM的探针储存液,以385nm进行激发,溶液荧光强度很弱几乎为0,加入10μL水后在466nm处溶液荧光强度增强。依次类推分别测定了乙酸乙酯,四氢呋喃,二甲基亚砜,N,N二甲基甲酰胺,比较了加入水前后荧光强度均有显著变化。证明该探针与水中质子反应迅速,可以更好地适用于样品的实时分析与检测;
(3)向11个比色皿中加入2mL的不同比例水(0%~99%)的1,4-二氧六环溶液。分别加入10μL浓度为2mM的探针储存液。实验数据表明荧光强度随着水含量的增加而增大。通过分析实验结果可知,该探针在含水量为0%~99%之间有着良好的线性关系。
本发明的有益效果是:(1)探针为有机小分子探针,合成简单便利,易开发利用;(2)该探针可用于有机溶剂中水含量的快速检测,可定量检测到0%~99%宽范围含水量,也可以将应用到试纸条方便快速检测食物或药物中的水分。(3)该探针可用于作试纸条基底以水为墨汁写字,水挥发后即消失,可用作防伪材料。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是实施例1探针的1H NMR图谱。
图2是10μM探针分别在水-1,4-二氧六环0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,99%(H2O%,v/v),在365nm紫外灯激发下的图。
图3是10μM探针分别在水-1,4-二氧六环:0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,99%(H2O%,v/v)反应2min后的荧光发射光谱图。
图4是10μM探针分别在水-二甲基亚砜:0%,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%,6%,7%,8%,9%(H2O%,v/v),反应2min后的荧光发射光谱图。
图5是10μM探针分别在水-N,N二甲基甲酰胺:0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,99%(H2O%,v/v),反应2min后的荧光发射光谱图。
图6是10μM探针加水前后的试纸条(20mm﹡20mm)在365nm紫外灯激发下照射图。
图7和8是以探针为基底,用水为墨汁写字的图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
探针的合成,结构式如下:
步骤如下:
于50mL的圆底烧瓶中,加入156.3mg的紫精化合物,并加入5.5mL的苄基溴,将反应体系于130℃油浴锅中反应,反应液呈黄色,22h反应结束后,体系冷却至室温,加入10ml甲醇后用正己烷洗涤。通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到的固体360mg。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.39(d,J=6.8Hz,4H),8.80(d,J=6.8Hz,4H),7.61(d,J=6.4Hz,4H),7.51-7.45(m,6H),5.95(s,4H)。
实施例2
一种检测水的荧光探针,结构式如下:
制备步骤如下:
将紫精化合物与甲基溴按照摩尔比为3:50混合,油浴条件120℃,反应24h后冷却至室温,加入甲醇混合后利用正己烷洗涤,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到荧光探针。
实施例3
一种检测水的荧光探针,结构式如下:
制备步骤如下:
将紫精化合物与乙基氯按照摩尔比为3:50混合,油浴条件125℃,反应23h后冷却至室温,加入甲醇混合后利用正己烷洗涤,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到荧光探针。
实施例4
一种检测水的荧光探针,结构式如下:
制备步骤如下:
将紫精化合物与丙基溴按照摩尔比为3:50混合,油浴条件130℃,反应22h后冷却至室温,加入甲醇混合后利用正己烷洗涤,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到荧光探针。
实施例5
一种检测水的荧光探针,结构式如下:
以紫精化合物与苄基氟为原料,制备步骤同实施例1。
1.探针与1,4二氧六环中含不同比例水荧光强度的变化。
称取实施例1制备的探针,用DMSO溶解,准确配制2mM的探针储存液;10μM探针分别加入到1,4-二氧六环中含水比例为:0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,99%的溶液,图3探究466nm处的荧光强度随水含量不断增加的变化。实验数据表明随着水含量的增加,荧光强度不断加强。
2.探针对不同有机溶剂中水含量的检测
2mL的含有10μM探针分别与二甲基亚砜、N,N二甲基甲酰胺中含水比例为:0%,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%,6%,7%,8%,9%,10%的溶液进行荧光光谱测定,图4、图5实验数据表明探针也可与其它有机溶剂中不同比例的水进行反应,图6不同有机溶剂与水在365nm紫外灯照射下进一步证明了探针可检测不同有机溶剂中的水含量。
图7和8为20mm﹡20mm的试纸条上覆盖有10μM的探针365nm紫外灯下激发照射。以2mM的探针为基底覆盖在试纸条上,以水为墨汁写下英文字母“ZZU”和汉字“郑”。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:将荧光探针溶解于DMSO中,制成浓度为2mM的探针储存液,将探针储存液加入到有机溶剂中,以385 nm进行激发,加入水后测定荧光强度。
3.根据权利要求2的应用,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为1,4-二氧六环,二甲基亚砜与N,N二甲基甲酰胺,有机溶剂与水的体积比为1:(0-99)。
4.权利要求1所述的荧光探针作为试纸条基底的应用。
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