CN109090075B - Use method of multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating pink-neck longicorn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and controlling longicorn bulls with pink necks, which comprises a handle, a hook rod and a comprehensive catching and killing device or an insect egg shoveling device, wherein one end of the hook rod is fixedly connected with the handle, and the other end of the hook rod is detachably connected with the comprehensive catching and killing device or the insect egg shoveling device, the comprehensive catching and killing device is used for hooking barks, catching and killing adults emerging at the base of a trunk and longicorn larvae damaged at a cork layer, a cortex or a phloem, and the insect egg shoveling device is used for catching and killing eggs produced by the longicorn adults. The multifunctional catching and killing tool is multifunctional, has comprehensive functions, and can realize multiple functions of catching adults, killing eggs, initially hatching larvae and hooking and killing larvae; moreover, each component can be detached and assembled, is convenient to carry, can be freely selected in the field according to actual conditions, is convenient to operate flexibly, can effectively improve the working efficiency of operators, and can effectively prevent the components from being lost; in addition, the damage to the tree body is small when the larvae and the eggs are killed, and the insecticidal effect can be played to the maximum extent.

Description

Use method of multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating pink-neck longicorn

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pest trapping and killing tool, in particular to a multifunctional trapping and killing tool for preventing and controlling peach red neck longicorn.

Background

The common peach neck longicorn belongs to the family of Coleoptera, is an important trunk-boring pest which harms peach trees, is widely distributed all over the country, has obvious harm on the peach trees with weak growth vigor, particularly has more serious damage on the mature fruit trees after the full bearing period, and often causes destructive disasters due to hidden harm and difficult control. The damage characteristics are represented by three aspects: firstly, the damaged peach tree is hollow in trunk and weak in tree vigor; secondly, the phloem of the trunk is eaten by larvae to cause the death of the whole tree; thirdly, the xylem of the lateral branch is infected by wood rot fungi after being eaten by caved-in or larvae and is broken by wind.

At present, the common prevention and treatment methods for peach red-neck longicorn of peach trees comprise the following aspects: firstly, rough bark and tilted bark of old trees are scraped to prevent the Taurus mahogany from spawning; secondly, artificial killing, wherein the specific measures comprise catching adult insects, killing eggs, primarily incubating larvae, hooking larvae and the like; thirdly, the chemotaxis of the adult taurus persiciflorus is utilized, and the sugar-vinegar liquid is arranged in a peach garden to trap and kill, but most of researches show that the control effect on the taurus persiciflorus is poor; binding the base parts of the trunk and the main branches with plastic films, or coating the trunk and the large branches with white to prevent the adult pink-neck longicorn beetles from laying eggs; fifthly, biological control, the concrete measures include utilizing pathogenic nematodes, pathogenic fungi or releasing parasitic natural enemies for control, the biological control is still in the starting stage, the related research of the natural enemy insects and the disease nematodes makes certain progress, but the biological control is easily influenced by environmental conditions, the control effect is unstable, the effect is slow, and the cost is higher; sixthly, chemical control, such as pesticide hole blocking, fumigation and the like.

In the production practice, fruit growers mainly rely on chemical prevention and control and artificial killing. The method has good prevention and control effect, but is complex, the used pesticide has high toxicity to pesticide application personnel, excessively depends on the chemical pesticide, has the problems of environmental pollution, natural enemy killing, harm to human health and the like, and is easy to destroy the stability of ecological communities in the orchard.

Therefore, manual killing becomes a direct and effective method for preventing and controlling the peach-neck longicorn at present, but the currently used killing tools mainly comprise iron wires, spring hook killing wires, cutters and the like, have single functions, have defects in operation aiming at different harm characteristics of the peach-neck longicorn, cannot efficiently kill the longicorn under various types of harm, often needs fruit growers to carry a plurality of tools to solve the problems aiming at different harm states, and cannot be coordinated and flexibly applied.

Moreover, the iron wire for hooking and killing the larvae commonly used by fruit growers is short in length and not flexible, and once the juvenile peach-neck longicorn is eaten by the insects to the xylem, when criss-cross irregular tunnels are formed in the xylem, the purpose of killing the larvae is difficult to achieve by using short needle-shaped steel wires without flexibility; the cutter used by fruit growers is mainly used when the young larvae are damaged in phloem and do not enter xylem, but the cutter has great damage to trees and often needs to pry open a large area to find the damaged larvae; although the spring hook wire used by fruit growers has certain effect, the spring hook wire is inconvenient to operate and is not easy to carry about; the spiral catching and killing head used by fruit growers is portable, but has single function and is only used for catching and killing longicorn larvae with deep wormholes. In addition, in the production practice, when spawning marks which are encountered after the peak period of the Taurus mahogany are marked, the eggs are generally scraped by a cutter or killed by a mallet, and the damage to the tree body is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems of the existing common artificial catching and killing tool, the invention provides a multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating the pink-neck longicorn.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and controlling longicorn bulls with peach necks, which comprises a rigid handle, a rigid hook rod and a comprehensive catching and killing device or an insect egg shoveling device, wherein one end of the hook rod is fixedly connected with the handle, and the other end of the hook rod is detachably connected with the comprehensive catching and killing device or the insect egg shoveling device, the comprehensive catching and killing device is used for hooking barks, catching and killing longicorn adults emerging at the base of a trunk and longicorn larvae damaged at a cork layer, a cortex layer or a phloem, and the insect egg shoveling device is used for catching and killing eggs laid by the longicorn adults. The handle and the hook rod are rigid and are not easy to bend, compared with the existing iron wire, the fishing rod is convenient to operate, stable in operation direction and high in catching and killing success rate, the comprehensive catching and killing device and the insect egg shoveling device can be detached and replaced at the lower part of the fishing rod, and the fishing rod can be flexibly applied according to actual harm conditions.

Wherein, the handle is vertically fixed with the hook rod, which is convenient for an operator to make force and direct-hit the catching and killing position.

The comprehensive killing device comprises a killing head and at least one killing hook head fixedly connected with the killing head, wherein the killing head is provided with a sharp first tip, the killing hook head is provided with a sharp second tip, when the comprehensive killing device is fixedly connected with the hook rod, the tip direction of the first tip deviates from one side of the handle and can be used for killing longicorn larvae, and the second tip faces one side of the handle and can be used for hooking off barks. Preferably, the integral trapping and killing device is Y-shaped and comprises a conical trapping and killing head and two trapping and killing hook heads above the conical trapping and killing head in a V shape. Furthermore, the connecting part of the catching and killing head and the catching and killing hook head is also provided with a catching and killing device connecting handle which is detachably connected with the hook rod. Connecting holes can be formed in the connecting handle and the hook rod of the killing device and are connected through bolts.

Preferably, the worm egg eradicator comprises a shovel body part, wherein the shovel body part is provided with a straight sharp shovel edge and is used for eradicating the longicorn to lay eggs; the shovel body part is also provided with a shovel body connecting handle detachably connected with the hook rod. Connecting holes can be formed in the shovel body connecting handle and the hook rod and are connected through bolts.

The multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating the longicorn bullion can also comprise a slender and tough insecticidal needle for catching and killing longicorn bullion larvae endangered by xylem; the inside hollow of handle, the insecticidal needle can be accomodate inside the handle.

As preferred, the inside box that holds that can take out that is equipped with of handle should hold the box and be both ends confined hollow cavity, and hold and seted up the insecticidal needle on the box and accomodate the groove, should accomodate the inslot and be equipped with solid fixed ring, and insecticidal needle one end is connected fixedly with this solid fixed ring, accomodates after the other end is folding in holding the box.

Preferably, the insecticidal needle is made of a nylon grass-mowing rope, one end of the insecticidal needle is fixed with the handle, and the other end of the insecticidal needle is a free needle head. The nylon grass beating rope has certain toughness and can enter criss-cross wormholes to trap and kill longicorn larvae. Wherein, the length of insecticidal needle is preferably 80~100cm to be adapted to and kill the longicorn larva in longer worm way.

Has the advantages that: compared with the existing common manual catching and killing tool, the multifunctional catching and killing tool has the advantages that: the multifunctional catching and killing tool disclosed by the invention is integrated and multifunctional, has comprehensive functions, and can realize multiple functions of catching adults, killing ova and larvae which are hatched initially and hooking and killing larvae; moreover, each component can be detached and assembled, is convenient to carry, can be freely selected in the field according to actual conditions, is convenient to operate flexibly, can effectively improve the working efficiency of operators, and can effectively prevent the components from being lost; (2) the multifunctional trapping and killing tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the damage to the tree body is small when each part traps and kills larvae and eggs, the insect killing effect can be exerted to the maximum extent, the flexibility of the adopted insect killing needle is good, the larvae in the criss-cross galleries can be trapped and killed, meanwhile, the length of the insect killing needle can be freely selected according to the size of the longhorn beetle larva wormholes, and the trapping and killing are convenient; (3) the multifunctional catching and killing tool is simple to manufacture, the used manufacturing materials are common, the price is low, the multifunctional catching and killing tool is durable in use, easy to accept by fruit growers and easy to popularize and apply.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional killing tool for preventing and treating Taurus mahogany of the present invention, wherein the hook rod in FIG. 1(a) is connected with a comprehensive killing device, and the hook rod in FIG. 1(b) is connected with an insect egg eradicator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the integrated trap of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the egg scraper of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating the taurus trufflera comprises a handle 1, a hook rod 2, a comprehensive catching and killing device 3 or an insect egg shoveling device 4 and can also comprise an insect killing needle 5.

One end of the hook rod 2 is fixed with the handle 1, wherein the handle 1 and the hook rod 2 are both made of rigid materials and can be vertically fixed, for example, a threaded hole can be formed on the handle 1, a thread is arranged on the surface of one end of the hook rod 2 connected with the handle 1, and the hook rod 2 and the handle 1 are connected and fixed through the thread; compared with the existing iron wire commonly used by fruit growers, the electric-shock-resistant wire can facilitate the force of an operator to directly hit the longicorn positions to trap and kill the longicorn.

The other end of the hook rod 2 can be flexibly connected with different catching and killing components according to different damage characteristics of the longicorn in the orchard, and if the longicorn larvae damaged on the cork layer, the cortex layer or the phloem are caught and killed, the comprehensive catching and killing device 3 can be installed; if the adult longicorn emerging at the base of the trunk is killed, the comprehensive killing device 3 can also be installed; if the eggs laid by the longicorn adults are caught and killed, an insect egg shoveling device 4 can be installed.

The comprehensive killing device 3 can comprise a killing head 6 and at least one killing hook head 7, the killing head 6 is fixedly connected with the killing hook head 7, wherein the killing head 6 is provided with a sharp first tip and is used for killing longicorn larvae or newly emerged longicorn adults, the killing hook head 7 is provided with a sharp second tip and is used for hooking barks, when the comprehensive killing device 3 is fixedly connected with the hook rod 2, the tip direction of the first tip is deviated from one side of the handle 1, and the second tip is towards one side of the handle 1. As shown in figures 1 and 2, the preferred embodiment is that the combined trap 3 is shaped like a Y and comprises a conical trap head 6, two trap hook heads 7 in a V shape and a trap connecting handle 8, which can be integrally connected and fixed by welding or other means; the tip of the conical catching and killing head 6 faces downwards, and can clean up insect feces or be inserted into a peach moth hole to catch and kill longicorn larvae damaged on a cork layer, a cortex layer or a phloem, the tip of the two catching and killing hook heads 7 faces upwards, and when the handle is pulled upwards, the bark can be hooked off, and newly hatched longicorn larvae can be found for catching and killing; the connecting handle 8 of the catching and killing device is positioned at the connecting part of the conical catching and killing head 6 and the V-shaped catching and killing hook 7, the comprehensive catching and killing device 3 is detachably connected with the hook rod 2 through the connecting handle 8 of the catching and killing device, if the connecting handle 8 of the catching and killing device and the hook rod 2 are respectively provided with a hook rod connecting hole 9 and a catching and killing device connecting hole 10, the hook rod connecting hole 9 and the catching and killing device connecting hole 10 are connected through screws, and the comprehensive catching and killing device 3 is fixed on the hook rod 2.

As shown in fig. 3, the worm egg shoveling device 4 may comprise a shovel body 11, wherein the shovel body 11 has a straight and sharp shovel edge and can shovel eggs laid by longicorn adults; the shovel body part 11 is provided with a shovel body connecting handle 12 which can be integrally connected by welding and other modes; worm ovum shovel 4 can be dismantled with the hook rod 2 through shovel body coupling handle 12 and be connected, if, can set up shovel connecting hole 13 and hook rod connecting hole 9 respectively at shovel body coupling handle 12 and hook rod 2, will shovel ware connecting hole 13 and hook rod connecting hole 9 through screw and nut and be connected, make worm ovum shovel 4 fix on the hook rod.

The insecticidal needle 5 is slender and flexible, has a sharp end head and is mainly used for killing longicorn larvae endangered by xylem; the artificial bait can be made of a nylon grass rope, wherein one end of the nylon grass rope can be cut into a sharp needle head 18 by scissors, and the nylon grass rope has certain toughness so as to enter into criss-cross irregular wormholes to trap and kill longicorn larvae. The handle 1 is hollow, and the insecticidal needle 5 can be accommodated in the handle 1; as a preferred embodiment, a drawer-type accommodating box 14 can be disposed inside the handle 1 for accommodating the insecticidal needle 5, specifically, the accommodating box 14 can be disposed inside the handle 1 through a fixing shaft and can be freely drawn out and sent inside the handle 1, the accommodating box 14 is a hollow cavity with two closed ends, an insecticidal needle accommodating groove 15 is disposed on the surface of the cavity, a fixing ring 16 is disposed in the accommodating groove 15, as shown in fig. 4, the insecticidal needle 5 can pass through the fixing ring 16, one end of the fixing ring is welded to form an annular fixing ring 17, the fixing ring 16 is connected and fixed, and the other end is a free needle 18.

The length of insecticidal needle 5 generally is 80~100cm, can accomodate the box 14 that holds in handle 1 after it is folded at ordinary times, when the longhorn beetle larva that needs the kill endangers at xylem, takes out and holds box 14, takes out the free end of insecticidal needle 5 from accomodating the groove 15 and can use.

The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating the pink-neck longicorn is as follows:

1. an operator visually inspects the trunk and main branches of the peach tree which is weak in growth, particularly the trunk which is close to the ground by 30cm, finds out whether the insect feces exist on the trunk and the main branches, what the color and the amount of the insect feces exist on the trunk and the amount of the insect feces, what the depth of wormholes below the insect feces is, and judges whether the damaged places are cortex, cork, phloem or xylem under the bark; 6, in the emergence and mid-stage of the old and mature larvae in the 6 months, whether the base part of the trunk has inhabited adults or not is visually observed; and (3) observing whether the tree body has egg laying marks or not by eye in the 7-8 month adult egg laying period, and particularly paying attention to the bark cracks and the old tilted bark.

2. The multifunctional killing tool of the present invention is selected for proper operation based on the results of visual inspection.

According to the biological characteristics of the pink-red longicorn, the pink-red longicorn needs 3 years for completing one generation. The larvae which are hatched in the first year eat rotten tissues under the bark of the tree, and then gradually eat phloem, and the body length of the larvae is 6-10 mm. In the next spring of the next year, the larvae recover to move, continue to damage the bast or xylem sapwood by eating up and down, the wormholes are flat, the boundaries are bent and irregular, the larvae are full of insect feces, and part of the feces is squeezed out from the wormholes and bark cracks. When the body length of the larva is about 3cm, the larva enters xylem from the middle of the tunnel to form a curved oval tunnel, the length of the tunnel is 15-36 cm, and the longest tunnel can reach 70 cm. The larvae in the xylem directly discharge the feces into the tunnels, and when the tunnels are blocked, the larvae push the feces out of the holes. Old and mature larvae in the third year are ready to pupate and eclose, and live on branches after imagoes eclose from noon to 2-3 pm, particularly descend to the habit of the base of a trunk, and the imagoes lay eggs after mating.

After the biological characteristics of the pink-neck longicorn are known, an appropriate operation mode is selected by combining visual results, and the operation details are as follows:

firstly, if in the target measurement, in the concentrated emergence period of the imagoes, the imagoes fall to the base of the trunk when 2-3 pm to noon, at the moment, the hook rod 2 can be connected with the comprehensive killing device 3, and the imagoes are killed by the conical killing head 6;

secondly, if square spawning scars are found on the trunk or the main lateral branches during the visual measurement, the hook rod 2 can be connected with an insect egg shoveling device 4, and eggs which are just produced by longicorn adults are shoveled by the insect egg shoveling device 4;

thirdly, if the tree is detected to have rotten tissues at the crack part of the tree bark during the visual test, which indicates that the tree bark may have larvae which are hatched initially, the hook rod 2 can be connected with the comprehensive killing device 3, the tree bark is hooked by the killing hook head 7, the hook tip extends into the standing hole as far as possible, the rigid handle 1 is held by five fingers to enable the handle 1 to be arranged between the middle finger and the index finger, and the arms exert force to pull upwards, so that the tree bark is hooked to find the longicorn larvae and killed;

fourthly, if the eyes are measured, a little fresh excrement of the insects is found at the crack of the bark, or fine and small reddish brown fresh excrement of the insects is found on the trunk and the big branch, which indicates that the Tapionus persiciformis is still in the low-age larva stage and is damaged in the phloem and is not damaged into the xylem, the Tapionus persicae can be treated by the comprehensive catching and killing device 3, the excrement of the insects with the holes is removed by the conical catching and killing head 6, and then the conical catching and killing head 6 is stretched into the holes to kill the insects;

fifthly, if the eyes are detected, a large amount of worm excrement is discharged from a trunk 30cm near the ground and is mixed with white wood chips, or a large amount of worm excrement is detected on a main lateral branch on the upper surface of a tree body, which indicates that the Taurus tonkinensis begins to enter the xylem for damage, and the Taurus tonkinensis can be treated by using a pest killing needle 5. Firstly, removing the excrement of the borers by using the conical catching and killing head 6, then drawing out the accommodating box 14, drawing out the insecticidal needle 5, inserting the insecticidal needle 5 along the borer from the excrement discharge hole, repeatedly drawing out the insecticidal needle to stab larvae, judging whether the effect is exerted or not by judging whether the needle tip is stained with larva body fluid or not, and judging according to the sound generated by puncturing the longicorn larva body; the insecticidal needle 5 is folded into the accommodating box 14 after being used up, and is pushed into the handle 1.

Claims (5)

1. The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and controlling the longicorn with red neck is characterized in that the multifunctional catching and killing tool comprises a rigid handle, a rigid hook rod, a comprehensive catching and killing device and an insect egg shoveling device, one end of the hook rod is fixedly connected with the handle, the other end of the hook rod is detachably connected with the comprehensive catching and killing device or the insect egg shoveling device, wherein the comprehensive catching and killing device is used for hooking barks, killing longicorn adults emerging at the base of a trunk and longicorn larvae endangered at a cork layer, a cortex or a phloem, and the insect egg shoveling device is used for catching and killing eggs laid by the longicorn adults; the comprehensive killing device comprises a killing head and at least one killing hook head fixedly connected with the killing head, wherein the killing head is provided with a sharp first tip, the killing hook head is provided with a sharp second tip, when the comprehensive killing device is fixedly connected with the hook rod, the second tip faces one side of the handle, and the tip direction of the first tip deviates from one side of the handle; the comprehensive trap is Y-shaped integrally and comprises a conical trapping and killing head and two trapping and killing hook heads above the conical trapping and killing head in a V shape;

the worm egg eradicator comprises a shovel body part, wherein the shovel body part is provided with a straight shovel edge, and a shovel body connecting handle detachably connected with the hook rod is arranged on the shovel body part;

the long and thin and flexible insecticidal needle is used for killing longicorn larvae endangered by xylem; the inside of the handle is hollow, and the insecticidal needle is accommodated in the handle; the insecticidal needle is made of a nylon grass rope, one end of the insecticidal needle is fixed with the handle, and the other end of the insecticidal needle is a free needle head;

the method for killing the longicorn by the multifunctional killing tool comprises the following steps:

firstly, if in the target measurement, in the concentrated emergence period of the imagoes, the imagoes fall to the base of the trunk when 2-3 pm to noon, at the moment, the hook rod can be connected with the comprehensive killing device, and the imagoes are killed by the conical killing heads;

secondly, if square spawning scars are found on the trunk or the main lateral branches during the visual measurement, the hook rod can be connected with an insect egg shoveling device, and eggs newly laid by longicorn adults are shoveled by the insect egg shoveling device;

thirdly, if the tree bark is detected to have rotten tissues at the crack part during the visual measurement, which indicates that larvae possibly hatch initially, the hook rod can be connected with the comprehensive killing device, the tree bark is hooked by the head of the killing hook, the hook tip extends into the standing hole as far as possible, the five fingers hold the rigid handle to enable the handle to be arranged between the middle finger and the index finger, and the arms exert force to pull upwards, so that the tree bark is hooked to find the longicorn larvae and killed;

if the target is measured, a little fresh excrement of the insects is found at the crack of the bark, or fine and small reddish brown fresh excrement of the insects is found on the trunk and the big branch, which indicates that the Tapionus persicifera is still in the low-age larva stage and is damaged at the phloem and is not damaged into the xylem, the Tapionus persicae can be treated by a comprehensive catching and killing device, the excrement of the insects with holes is removed by a conical catching and killing head, and then the conical catching and killing head is stretched into the holes to kill the larvae;

fifthly, if the purpose is realized, a large amount of insect feces is discharged from a trunk 30cm away from the ground and is mixed with white sawdust, or a large amount of insect feces is found on the main lateral branches of the tree body, which indicates that the Taurus tonkinensis begins to be damaged by being eaten into xylem at the moment, and the Taurus tonkinensis can be treated by an insecticidal needle; firstly, the conical catching and killing head is used for clearing away the excrement of the borer, then the accommodating box is drawn out, the insect killing needle is inserted along the borer from the excrement discharging hole and repeatedly drawn to kill the larva, and whether the effect is exerted is judged according to whether the needle tip is stained with larva body fluid,

the judgment can also be carried out according to the sound produced by puncturing the longicorn larva body; the insecticidal needle is folded and put into the handle after being used up.

2. The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating Taurus mahogany as claimed in claim 1, wherein the handle is vertically fixed with the hook rod.

3. The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating Taurus mahogany as claimed in claim 1, wherein a catching and killing device connecting handle for detachably connecting with the hook rod is further arranged at the joint of the catching and killing head and the catching and killing hook head.

4. The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating Taurus mahogany as claimed in claim 1, wherein a containing box capable of being drawn out is arranged inside the handle, the containing box is a hollow cavity with two closed ends, an insecticidal needle containing groove is formed in the containing box, a fixing ring is arranged in the containing groove, one end of the insecticidal needle is fixedly connected with the fixing ring, and the other end of the insecticidal needle is contained in the containing box after being folded.

5. The use method of the multifunctional catching and killing tool for preventing and treating Taurus mahogany as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the insecticidal needle is 80-100 cm.

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