CN109086949B - Blast furnace gas generation amount and heat value prediction method based on gas component change - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method based on gas component change, wherein a gas component analyzer is arranged behind a blast furnace gas gravity dust collector or a cloth bag dust collector, the blast furnace top gas components in the blast furnace production process are analyzed on line, the blast furnace gas components, the blast furnace blast amount and the oxygen enrichment amount are used as main variables, the blast furnace blast and the N2 balance calculation value in the gas are used as the reference, the blast furnace gas generation amount and the gas heat value thereof generated in the iron-making production process are predicted in advance, the blast furnace gas generation amount and the gas heat value thereof can be predicted with high precision (more than or equal to 95 percent) by the method, and a technical basis is laid for realizing dynamic optimization scheduling of the gas of an enterprise and detection and application of the gas heat value by downstream blast furnace gas users; the method has an important effect on realizing zero diffusion of the coal gas of an enterprise and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a downstream coal gas user on line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method thereof based on gas component change.
Background
Coal gas is the most important secondary energy of iron and steel enterprises, is a 'blood circulation' system for the iron and steel enterprises to live, directly determines the energy utilization level of the iron and steel enterprises due to the utilization efficiency of the coal gas, and achieves 'zero emission' which is the final target of coal gas management of each iron and steel enterprise. The basis for realizing zero gas emission is dynamic balance scheduling of the gas, and the gas generation amount and the gas use amount in each time period are ensured to be consistent. The purpose of the gas balance scheduling is to predict the gas amount generated by gas in the future period and the consumption of users, and realize the balance of the gas in the future period by adjusting the operating parameters of gas generation equipment and using equipment (including buffer equipment). However, due to the numerous and complicated factors affecting the gas generation amount, the prediction result is difficult to meet the precision requirement required by the gas dynamic balance scheduling.
Gas prediction generally employs two methods. The method is a time series prediction method, which is based on a continuity principle, and can predict the future of the user by using historical data only if an assumed condition of' the past is the same as the future, and the prediction result is often greatly deviated once the assumed condition is not met. Secondly, a causal relationship prediction method, which is based on the causal relationship prediction principle, can predict the future of the causal relationship by establishing a deterministic relationship (functional relationship) or a non-deterministic relationship (correlation, such as a data regression analysis method and an artificial neural network method) among related variables only if the antecedent condition of the causal determination result is satisfied; however, due to a plurality of factors (such as the ratio of coke to be fed into the furnace, the ratio of coal injection, the ratio of coke to coal, the temperature of hot air, the blast volume, the oxygen enrichment rate, the operation of the blast furnace and the like) which influence the prediction of the blast furnace gas generation amount and the heat value thereof, the correlation is not clear, the collected data is incomplete, the data is inaccurate and the like, so that the prediction precision is difficult to meet the actual production requirement. Both prediction methods are deficient and are to be solved by in-depth research. The invention adopts the prediction of the cause-and-effect relationship as the main part, takes time sequence into consideration, grasps three influence factors of blast furnace gas components, blast furnace blast volume and oxygen enrichment rate, establishes a blast furnace gas generation volume and heat value prediction model, can predict the future blast furnace gas generation volume and heat value with high precision, and lays a technical foundation for realizing industrial application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method thereof based on gas component change, which takes blast furnace gas components, blast furnace blast volume and oxygen enrichment amount as main variables, and takes a balance calculation value of N2 in blast furnace blast volume and gas as a reference, and predicts the blast furnace gas generation amount and the gas heat value thereof generated in the iron-making production process in advance, thereby providing technical support for realizing dynamic gas optimization scheduling of iron and steel enterprises.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method based on gas component change comprise the following steps:
step one, arranging a gas component analyzer behind a blast furnace gas gravity dust collector or a bag dust collector, and analyzing the blast furnace top gas components in the blast furnace production process on line, wherein the analysis comprises the analysis of the volume percentage of N2, CO, H2 and CH4 gases in the gas, wherein the N2 percentage of NM；
Step two, determining blast furnace blast volume VGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the coal injection quantity Mf of the blast furnace;
step three, calculating a coal gas generation amount prediction model:
(1) the single-seat blast furnace gas generation amount prediction model comprises the following steps:
Vf(t)＝[NG(t)/NM(t)]×[KVG(t)+V O2(t)+Vn2(t)]time t belongs to production state
Vf(t) 0 t ∈ time of blowing down or blowing out state
Wherein: vn2(t)＝Mf(t)/a
In the formula: vf(t) is the blast furnace gas generation amount (m) under the working condition of blast furnace production or damping down at the moment t3/min)；
NG(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in blast furnace blast under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the moment t;
NM(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in the blast furnace gas at time t;
k is a blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient under different production working conditions of the blast furnace, wherein K is (0.7-1.0);
VG(t) is the blast volume (m) under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at time t3/min)；
VO2(t) is the oxygen-rich amount (m) under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the time t3/min)；
Vn2(t) is the amount of nitrogen (m) carried by the blast furnace coal injection carrier gas at time t3/min)；
Mf (t) is the blast furnace coal injection amount (kg/min) at the time t;
a is the solid-gas ratio (30-40 kg/m) of coal injection and conveying of the blast furnace at the time t3)；
Wherein: n is a radical ofG(t)＝[0.79×VG(t)+Vn2(t)]/[VG(t)+VO2(t)+Vn2(t)]；
(2) The model for predicting the gas generation amount of the N blast furnaces comprises the following steps:
in the formula: vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
Vf(t)IThe gas generation amount (m) of the ith blast furnace at time t3/min)；
Step four, the blast furnace gas heat value prediction model calculation comprises the following steps:
(1) the single blast furnace gas heat value prediction model comprises the following steps:
QD(t)＝126.44VCO(t)+107.94VH2(t)+359.06VCH4(t)
in the formula: qD(t) is the calorific value (Kj @) of the blast furnace gas at the time tNm3)；
VCO(t)、VH2(t)、VCH4(t) CO and H in the blast furnace gas at time t2、CH4Percent gas volume (%);
(2) the model for predicting the calorific value of the mixed N blast furnace gas after grid connection is as follows:
in the formula: qh(t) is the combined and combined heat value (Kj-Nm3)；
Vf(t)iAt time ti blast furnace gas generation (m)3/min)；
Vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
QD(t)iFor the ith blast furnace gas calorific value (KjNm3)。
The prediction method comprises long-term prediction and short-term prediction;
(1) the long-term prediction is to determine the production condition of the blast furnace according to the production plan and the equipment maintenance plan of the blast furnace in the prediction period and to perform preliminary prediction according to the blast furnace blast volume and the coal gas component in the first 24 hours, at this time, the blast furnace blast volume V in the second stepGOxygen-rich amount VO2And blast furnace coal injection quantity Mf (N2 quantity V carried by solid-gas ratio estimation)n2) Giving out according to a production schedule of the blast furnace;
(2) the short-term prediction is that the blast furnace blast volume V is detected on line in real timeGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the prediction result obtained by the blast furnace coal injection quantity Mf; the amount V of N2 carried by the estimation of solid-gas ration2；
(3) And dynamically correcting the long-term predicted value according to the data of blast furnace blast volume, oxygen enrichment and gas composition collected in the previous period (t-1, t period) in the short-term prediction to form the final prediction of the next prediction period (t, t +1 period).
Determining a blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient K under the condition of blast furnace production working conditions based on the calibration of historical data of blast furnace blast volume and coal gas component change under different working conditions, wherein the different working conditions of the blast furnace comprise: normal working conditions and working conditions of furnace changing, air reduction, re-air and damping down of the hot blast stove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the patent provides a method for calculating and predicting the generation amount and the calorific value of blast furnace gas. By taking the blast furnace gas components, blast furnace blast volume and oxygen enrichment as main variables and taking blast furnace blast and N2 balance calculation values in gas as reference, the blast furnace gas generation amount and the gas heat value can be predicted with high precision (more than or equal to 95 percent) by the method, and a technical basis is laid for realizing dynamic optimization scheduling of enterprise gas and detection and application of downstream blast furnace gas users to the gas heat value; the method has an important effect on realizing zero diffusion of the coal gas of an enterprise and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a downstream coal gas user on line.
2. And correcting the compensation coefficient of the flow orifice plate for collecting the actual generated quantity of the blast furnace gas to ensure that the calculated value of the blast furnace gas generated quantity model is consistent with the actual detection value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blast furnace system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-blast furnace, 2-gas downcomer, 3-gravity dust collector, 4-cloth bag dust collector, 5-gas component analyzer, 6-TRT generator set, 7-bypass valve set, 8-total gas flow orifice plate, 9-gas pipe network flow orifice plate, 10-blast furnace gas flow orifice plate, 11-blast furnace gas pipe network, 12-gas regulating valve, 13-hot blast furnace, 14-combustion fan, 15-air regulating valve, 16-flue valve, 17-chimney, 18-electric blower, 19-air flow orifice plate, 20-oxygen pipe network, 21-oxygen flow orifice plate, 22-cold air valve, 23-hot air valve, 24-cold air charging valve, 25-cold air flow orifice plate, 26-cold air sluice, 27-gas cut-off valves 1, 28-gas cut-off valves 2, 29-furnace top bleeding valve, 30-blower bleeding valve, 31-exhaust valve, 32-ash discharge valve 1, 33-ash discharge valve 2, 34-coal injection flow meter.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, blast furnace gas generated by a blast furnace (1) enters a gravity dust collector (3) through a raw gas downcomer (2), is subjected to fine dust removal by a bag-type dust collector (4), passes through a gas component analyzer (5), enters a TRT generator set (6) or a bypass valve set (7), passes through a total gas flow orifice plate (8), is respectively sent to a blast furnace gas pipe network (11) and a gas flow orifice plate (10) through a gas flow orifice plate (9), and is sent to a hot blast furnace (13) through a gas regulating valve (12); in the combustion period, air is sent into the hot blast stove (13) by a combustion fan (14) through an air regulating valve (15), and combustion waste gas enters a chimney (17) through a flue valve (16); in the air supply period, cold air generated by the electric blower (18) is mixed with oxygen fed by the oxygen pipe network (20) through the air flow pore plate (19) and the oxygen flow pore plate (21), the mixture is fed into the hot blast stove (13) through the cold air valve (22), and the preheated hot air is fed into the blast furnace (1) through the hot air valve (23); and in the period of furnace change (the period is changed from the combustion period to the air supply period), a cold air charging valve (24) is opened, the hot blast stove (13) is charged by charging cold air through a flow pore plate (25), when the pressure in the stove is balanced with the specified air pressure, the cold air charging valve (24) is closed, and a cold air valve (22) is opened to enter the air supply period.
A blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method based on gas component change comprise the following steps:
step one, arranging a gas component analyzer behind a blast furnace gas gravity dust collector or a bag dust collector, and analyzing the blast furnace top gas components in the blast furnace production process on line, wherein the analysis comprises the analysis of the volume percentage of N2, CO, H2 and CH4 gases in the gas, wherein the N2 percentage of NM；
Step two, determining blast furnace blast volume VGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the coal injection quantity Mf of the blast furnace;
step three, calculating a coal gas generation amount prediction model:
(1) the single-seat blast furnace gas generation amount prediction model comprises the following steps:
Vf(t)＝[NG(t)/NM(t)]×[KVG(t)+VO2(t)+Vn2(t)]time t belongs to production state
Vf(t) 0 t ∈ time of blowing down or blowing out state
Wherein: vn2(t)＝Mf(t)/a
In the formula: vf(t) is the blast furnace gas generation amount (m) under the working condition of blast furnace production or damping down at the moment t3/min)；
NG(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in blast furnace blast under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the moment t;
NM(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in the blast furnace gas at time t;
k is a blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient under different production working conditions of the blast furnace, wherein K is (0.7-1.0);
VG(t) blast furnace production tool at time tBlast volume (m) under operating conditions3/min)；
VO2(t) is the oxygen-rich amount (m) under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the time t3/min)；
Vn2(t) is the amount of nitrogen (m) carried by the blast furnace coal injection carrier gas at time t3/min)；
Mf (t) is the blast furnace coal injection amount (kg/min) at the time t;
a is the solid-gas ratio (30-40 kg/m) of coal injection and conveying of the blast furnace at the time t3)；
Wherein: n is a radical ofG(t)＝[0.79×VG(t)+Vn2(t)]/[VG(t)+VO2(t)+Vn2(t)]；
(2) The model for predicting the gas generation amount of the N blast furnaces comprises the following steps:
in the formula: vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
Vf(t)IThe gas generation amount (m) of the ith blast furnace at time t3/min)；
Step four, the blast furnace gas heat value prediction model calculation comprises the following steps:
(1) the single blast furnace gas heat value prediction model comprises the following steps:
QD(t)＝126.44VCO(t)+107.94VH2(t)+359.06VCH4(t)
in the formula: qD(t) is the calorific value (Kj @) of the blast furnace gas at the time tNm3)；
VCO(t)、VH2(t)、VCH4(t) CO and H in the blast furnace gas at time t2、CH4Percent gas volume (%);
(2) the model for predicting the calorific value of the mixed N blast furnace gas after grid connection is as follows:
in the formula: qh(t) is the combined and combined heat value (Kj-Nm3)；
Vf(t)iThe gas generation amount (m) of the ith blast furnace at time t3/min)；
Vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
QD(t)iFor the ith blast furnace gas calorific value (KjNm3)。
The prediction method comprises long-term prediction and short-term prediction;
(1) the long-term prediction is to determine the production condition of the blast furnace according to the production plan and the equipment maintenance plan of the blast furnace in the prediction period and to perform preliminary prediction according to the blast furnace blast volume and the coal gas component in the first 24 hours, at this time, the blast furnace blast volume V in the second stepGOxygen-rich amount VO2And blast furnace coal injection quantity Mf (N2 quantity V carried by solid-gas ratio estimation)n2) Giving out according to a production schedule of the blast furnace;
(2) the short-term prediction is that the blast furnace blast volume V is measured according to the previous cycle (t-1, t period) of real-time online detectionGOxygen-rich amount VO2And blast furnace coal injection quantity Mf (N2 quantity V carried by solid-gas ratio estimation)n2) And obtaining a prediction result.
(3) And dynamically correcting the long-term predicted value according to the data of blast furnace blast volume, oxygen enrichment and gas composition collected in the previous period (t-1, t period) in the short-term prediction to form the final prediction of the next prediction period (t, t +1 period).
Determining a blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient K under the condition of blast furnace production working conditions based on the calibration of historical data of blast furnace blast volume and coal gas component change under different working conditions, wherein the different working conditions of the blast furnace comprise: normal working conditions and working conditions of furnace changing, air reduction, re-air and damping down of the hot blast stove.
In fig. 1, a gas component analyzer (5) is used for on-line analysis of blast furnace top gas components in the blast furnace production process; the total gas flow pore plate (8) is used for measuring the total gas generation amount on line, the air flow pore plate (19) is used for measuring the blast volume of the blast furnace on line, the oxygen flow pore plate (21) is used for measuring the oxygen-rich amount, and the cold air flow pore plate (25) is used for measuring the cold air flow. In the operation of changing the hot blast stove from combustion to air supply, the amount of cold air charged into the hot blast stove is deducted from the actual blast volume of the blast furnace. The coal injection flow meter (34) is used for measuring the coal injection amount of the blast furnace.
The above embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Claims (3)
1. A blast furnace gas generation amount and a heat value prediction method thereof based on gas component change are characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, arranging a gas component analyzer behind a blast furnace gas gravity dust collector or a bag dust collector, and analyzing the blast furnace top gas components in the blast furnace production process on line, wherein the analysis comprises the analysis of the volume percentage of N2, CO, H2 and CH4 gases in the gas, wherein the N2 percentage of NM；
Step two, determining blast furnace blast volume VGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the coal injection quantity Mf of the blast furnace;
step three, calculating a coal gas generation amount prediction model:
(1) the single-seat blast furnace gas generation amount prediction model comprises the following steps:
Vf(t)＝[NG(t)/NM(t)]×[KVG(t)+VO2(t)+Vn2(t)]time t belongs to production state
Vf(t) 0 t ∈ time of blowing down or blowing out state
Wherein: vn2(t)＝Mf(t)/a
In the formula: vf(t) is the blast furnace gas generation amount (m) under the working condition of blast furnace production or damping down at the moment t3/min)；
NG(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in blast furnace blast under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the moment t;
NM(t) is the percentage content of nitrogen in the blast furnace gas at time t;
k is a blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient under different production working conditions of the blast furnace, wherein K is 0.7-1.0;
VG(t) is the blast volume (m) under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at time t3/min)；
VO2(t) is the oxygen-rich amount (m) under the condition of blast furnace production working condition at the time t3/min)；
Vn2(t) is the amount of nitrogen (m) carried by the blast furnace coal injection carrier gas at time t3/min)；
Mf (t) is the blast furnace coal injection amount (kg/min) at the time t;
a is the solid-gas ratio of coal injection and conveying of the blast furnace at the moment t, and the value range is as follows: 30 to 40kg/m3；
Wherein: n is a radical ofG(t)＝[0.79×VG(t)+Vn2(t)]/[VG(t)+VO2(t)+Vn2(t)]；
(2) The model for predicting the gas generation amount of the N blast furnaces comprises the following steps:
in the formula: vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
Vf(t)IThe gas generation amount (m) of the ith blast furnace at time t3/min)；
Step four, the blast furnace gas heat value prediction model calculation comprises the following steps:
(1) the single blast furnace gas heat value prediction model comprises the following steps:
QD(t)＝126.44VCO(t)+107.94VH2(t)+359.06VCH4(t)
in the formula: qD(t) is the calorific value (Kj @) of the blast furnace gas at the time tNm3)；
VCO(t)、VH2(t)、VCH4(t) CO and H in the blast furnace gas at time t2、CH4Gas volume percentAmount (%);
(2) the model for predicting the calorific value of the mixed N blast furnace gas after grid connection is as follows:
in the formula: qh(t) is the combined and combined heat value (Kj-Nm3)；
Vf(t)iThe gas generation amount (m) of the ith blast furnace at time t3/min)；
Vfz(t) n blast furnaces total gas generation (m) at time t3/min)；
QD(t)iFor the ith blast furnace gas calorific value (KjNm3)。
2. The blast furnace gas generation amount and the calorific value thereof prediction method based on the gas composition change according to claim 1, wherein the prediction method comprises long-term prediction and short-term prediction;
(1) the long-term prediction is to determine the production condition of the blast furnace according to the production plan and the equipment maintenance plan of the blast furnace in the prediction period and to perform preliminary prediction according to the blast furnace blast volume and the coal gas component in the first 24 hours, at this time, the blast furnace blast volume V in the second stepGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the coal injection quantity Mf of the blast furnace is given according to a production schedule of the blast furnace;
(2) the short-term prediction is that the blast furnace blast volume V is detected on line in real timeGOxygen-rich amount VO2And the prediction result obtained by the blast furnace coal injection quantity Mf;
(3) and dynamically correcting the long-term predicted value according to the data of blast furnace blast volume, oxygen enrichment and coal gas components acquired in the previous period in the short-term prediction to form the final prediction of the next prediction period.
3. The method for predicting the gas generation amount and the calorific value of the blast furnace gas based on the gas component change of the claim 1, wherein the blast furnace blast volume correction coefficient K under the condition of the production condition of the blast furnace is determined based on the calibration of historical data of different working conditions of the blast furnace, the blast furnace blast volume and the gas component change of the blast furnace, and the different working conditions of the blast furnace comprise: normal working conditions and working conditions of furnace changing, air reduction, re-air and damping down of the hot blast stove.
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| CN112700033B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-05-09 | 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 | Gas heat value estimation method and device based on combustion time sequence model |
| CN112989570B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2023-03-17 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for calculating top coal gas volume based on blast furnace conditions |
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