CN109085244A - A kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array - Google Patents
A kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present invention discloses a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array, this method pass through following steps and realize: excitation/sensor array is arranged in structure；Then, sensing passage is constructed, the Lamb wave response signal on each excitation/sensing passage is acquired；By the extraction of the method for Lamb wave actively monitoring damage with lossless nonlinear parameter value, damage position is calculated by the change rate of nonlinear parameter value；Using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography algorithm is used in damage imaging, is compared and image reconstruction to carry out signal.Using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography algorithm is used in damage imaging, compares and image reconstruction to carry out signal, reliable method is provided to the monitoring of micro-crack, structural fatigue and other structures early stage micro-damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array, can use
In damage detection technology field.
Background technique
Metal structure is widely used in always the multiple fields such as rail traffic, ship, space flight and aviation.Metal structure is in life
During producing and being on active service, body structure surface or internal because the reasons such as manufacturing, using easily form damage.It is limited by traditional monitoring principle,
The form of the earlier damages such as micro-crack, structural fatigue equivalent damage will not be found in time easily in microcosmic.These are in equipment
The potential hazard generated during safe operation easily causes the catastrophic failure of structure, if these hidden danger may not as good as processing
It will lead to serious accident, therefore, exploration and research for such damage formation mechenism and detection technique are damage checks
Emphasis direction in field.
Traditional linear Lamb wave monitoring be generated when encountering defect in the communication process of structure using Lamb wave scattering,
It reflects and defects detection is carried out to the linear character of energy absorption.Traditional monitoring technology in detected medium have obvious sound
Other, the open crackle of robust and volume flaw damage is sensitive, can solve much more conventional problem.It is close
Year, since material science obtains rapid development, additional people focus more on structure early stage micro-damage, and by monitoring technology application
It is continuously improved in the requirement of engineering practice, traditional Lamb wave monitoring technology is increasingly limited by its principle, to micro-damage defect
There are insensitive or the phenomenon that can not examine.By the inspiration of Nonlinear monitoring technology, non-linear Lamb wave monitoring method has very big
It may solve the problem above-mentioned.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of based on piezoelectric-array to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art
Non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method.
A kind of non-linear Lamb wave based on piezoelectric-array that the purpose of the invention will be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method, method includes the following steps:
S1: on to geodesic structure, according to the size in region to be measured, six piezoelectric transducer composition excitation/sensings six are arranged
Side shape array；
S2: selecting a sensor as driver in excitation/sensor array, other five sensors are receiver,
Piezoelectric sensor array is used, 6 sensors are uniformly distributed on aluminium sheet, using sensors A as driver, remaining 5
Sensor is as receiver；
S3: being pumping signal using narrow band signal, after oscillograph collects signal first using Short Time Fourier Transform
Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out, then extracts the separation of corresponding frequencies signal implementation pattern respectively；
S4: according to time frequency analysis as a result, extracting fundamental frequency and two frequency multiplication Lamb wave response signals respectively, it is secondary humorous to obtain fundamental frequency
Wave amplitude finds out the change rate of relative nonlinear parameter value and nonlinear parameter value, according to the change rate of nonlinear parameter value
Find out the position and region of fatigue damage；
S5: using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography is used in damage imaging
Algorithm reconstructs the image of damage.
S6: according to imaging results, suitable threshold value is set.
Preferably, in S1 step, it is described to geodesic structure be aluminium sheet structure.
Preferably, in S2 step, Lamb wave ultrasonic signal is loaded by function generator and power amplifier sharp
It encourages on device A, excites pumping signal in the structure；Lamb wave structural response signal under motivating driver A through charge amplifier
It senses, amplify and acquire in feeding control computer, obtain Lamb wave response signal.
Preferably, in the S4 step, according to time frequency analysis as a result, obtaining fundamental frequency amplitude A1 and secondary harmonic amplitude A2,
Find out relative nonlinear parameter beta ' value and β ' value change rate β0, according to β0Find out the position and location of fatigue damage
Domain.
Preferably, in the S5 step, RAPID tomography algorithm method includes that signal compares and image reconstruction two parts
Composition, wherein signal rating unit characterizes the statistical property difference of damage signal and reference signal using signal difference coefficient；
In the damage monitoring application process based on linear Lamb wave, RAPID method calculates reference signal x firstij(t) and
Damage signal yij(t) signal difference coefficient S DC value (i indicates that excitation end, j indicate receiving end)；Believed according to non-linear Lamb wave
Number characteristic parameter feature, the signal difference coefficient of use are denoted as SDCT, in the image of reconstruct, each SDCTValue is arranged respectively
On an ellipsoid, in reconstructed image, the pixel value of elliptical edge and periphery is 0, is at each elliptical focus line
Pixel maximum, the depth of different point colors show the probability size of this position damage, find out SDCTValue, so that it may reconstruct
The image damaged out.
Preferably, the deeper position of color means that damage probability is bigger.
The advantages of technical solution of the present invention is mainly reflected in: the present invention is using non-linear Lamb wave for the non-of structural material
Linear change is very sensitive, nonlinear characteristic parameters can be caused to significantly increase after the generation of structural damage, by monitoring path
Nonlinear characteristic parameters signal difference coefficient (SDCTValue), and may be implemented to simulate in structure using RAPID imaging method
The image reconstruction of fatigue damage.
Result of study of the invention provides the monitoring of micro-crack, structural fatigue and other structures early stage micro-damage can
The method leaned on.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is of the invention to geodesic structure and sensing/excitation array schematic layout pattern.
Fig. 2 be flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 3 is pumping signal of the invention.
Fig. 4 is transducing signal of the invention.
Fig. 5 carries out Time-Frequency Analysis to collected transducing signal with the method for short time discrete Fourier transform to be of the invention,
The time-frequency spectrum obtained after processing.
Fig. 6 is fundamental frequency signal and two frequency multiplication response signals before damage of the invention.
Fig. 7 is typical fundamental frequency signal and two frequency multiplication response signals after damage of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the growth rate of each path non-linearity characteristic ginseng value in heating front and back on aluminium sheet of the invention.
Fig. 9 is SDC and SDC of the inventionTIt is worth variation diagram.
Figure 10 is the damage probability distribution map of elliptic region of the invention.
Figure 11 is the present invention of the invention according to RAPID tomography principle, reconstructs the image of damage.
Figure 12 be it is of the invention set threshold values after position imaging effect figure.
Specific embodiment
The purpose of the present invention, advantage and feature, by by the non-limitative illustration of preferred embodiment below carry out diagram and
It explains.These embodiments are only the prominent examples using technical solution of the present invention, it is all take equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation and
The technical solution of formation, all falls within the scope of protection of present invention.
Present invention discloses a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array, it is non-
Linear Lamb wave is very sensitive for the nonlinear change of structural material, nonlinear characteristic can be caused to join after the generation of structural damage
Number significantly increases, it shows very high sensibility for the microdefect (thermal damage, fatigue damage, micro-crack etc.) in plate.This
Invention has carried out experimental study to non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage monitoring mechanism on this basis, proposes one kind and is based on
Hexagon piezoelectric-array passes through the nonlinear characteristic parameters signal difference coefficient (SDC on monitoring pathTValue), using RAPID at
The method to the image reconstruction for simulating fatigue damage in structure may be implemented in image space method.This method passes through following steps reality
It is existing: excitation/sensor array is arranged in structure；Then, sensing passage is constructed, the Lamb on each excitation/sensing passage is acquired
Wave response signal；By the extraction of the method for Lamb wave actively monitoring damage with lossless nonlinear parameter value, pass through nonlinear parameter
The change rate of value calculates damage position；Using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, used in damage imaging
RAPID tomography algorithm compares and image reconstruction to carry out signal.
This method comprises the following steps:
S1: on to geodesic structure, according to the size in region to be measured, six piezoelectric transducer composition excitation/sensings six are arranged
Side shape array；Using aluminium sheet structure as to geodesic structure.
S2: selecting a sensor as driver in excitation/sensor array, other five sensors are receiver,
Existing piezoelectric sensor array is used, as shown in Figure 1,6 sensors are uniformly distributed on aluminium sheet.It is with sensors A
Driver, remaining 5 sensors are as receiver.Lamb wave ultrasonic signal is added by function generator and power amplifier
It is downloaded on driver A, excites pumping signal in the structure；Lamb wave structural response signal under motivating A through charge amplifier
It senses, amplify and acquire in feeding control computer, obtain Lamb wave response signal.
S3: being pumping signal using narrow band signal, after oscillograph collects signal first using Short Time Fourier Transform
Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out, then extracts the separation of corresponding frequencies signal implementation pattern respectively.
S4: according to time frequency analysis as a result, extracting fundamental frequency and two frequency multiplication Lamb wave response signals respectively, it is secondary humorous to obtain fundamental frequency
Wave amplitude finds out the change rate of relative nonlinear parameter value and nonlinear parameter value.According to the change rate of nonlinear parameter value
Find out the position and region of fatigue damage.
According to time frequency analysis as a result, obtaining fundamental frequency amplitude A1With secondary harmonic amplitude A2, find out relative nonlinear parameter beta '
The change rate β of value and β ' value0.According to β0Find out the position and region of fatigue damage.This is that a kind of quantitative detection is non-thread
Property material extent method, due to β ' be relative parameter only with amplitude A1And A2It is related, find out fundamental frequency amplitude A1And second harmonic
Amplitude A2, so that it may find out the value of nonlinear parameter β.
S5: using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography is used in damage imaging
Algorithm reconstructs the image of damage.
RAPID tomography algorithm method includes that signal compares and image reconstruction two parts composition.Wherein, signal comparing section
Divide and utilize signal difference coefficient (Signal Difference Coefficient, abbreviation SDC), to characterize damage signal and ginseng
Examine the statistical property difference of signal.
In the damage monitoring application process based on linear Lamb wave, RAPID method calculates reference signal x firstij(t) and
Damage signal yij(t) signal difference coefficient S DC value (i indicates that excitation end, j indicate receiving end).Believed according to non-linear Lamb wave
Number characteristic parameter feature, the signal difference coefficient used herein are denoted as SDCT, in the image of reconstruct, each SDCTValue respectively by
It is arranged on an ellipsoid.In reconstructed image, the pixel value of elliptical edge and periphery is 0, each elliptical focus line
Place is pixel maximum.The depth of different point colors shows the probability size of this position damage, the deeper position of color
Mean that damage probability is bigger.Find out SDCTValue, so that it may reconstruct the image of damage.
S6: step 6, according to imaging results, suitable threshold value is set.
Using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography is used in damage imaging and is calculated
Method compares and image reconstruction to carry out signal.This method is to micro-crack, structural fatigue and other structures early stage micro-damage
Monitoring provides reliable method.
Specifically, in the technical scheme, experimental study object is the T6061 aluminium sheet of (400mm*600mm*4mm3), real
Check system and structural representation establish coordinate system as shown in Fig. 2, using hexagon piezoelectric-array method for arranging as shown in Figure 1, tool
Steps are as follows for body:
(1) on to geodesic structure, according to the size in region to be measured, six piezoelectric transducer composition excitation/sensings six are arranged
Side shape array, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) by taking hexagon as an example, 6 sensors are uniformly distributed on aluminium sheet, using sensors A as driver, are left
5 sensors as receiver.
It (3) is origin, hexagon each point coordinate with 0 are as follows: O (0,0), A (180,208), B (60,208), C (0,104), D
(60,0), E (180,0), F (240,104).M point (intersection point of path LAD and path LCE) in Fig. 2 is heated, is simulated
The variation of structural material property parameters caused by local fatigue, heating time are 90 seconds.
(4) in experimentation, piezoelectric patches is successively chosen as driver, remaining piezoelectric patches obtains each biography as sensor
Feel the Lamb wave fundamental frequency and two frequency multiplication response signals under path.Pumping signal (centre frequency 900KHz) is by NI PXI-1071
Cabinet cooperates NI5781 capture card to issue pumping signal, as shown in figure 3, power amplifier of this signal through Krohn-Hite company
It is loaded on driver after being amplified to peak-to-peak value 100V, signal, which is received after propagating in the structure by the piezoelectric ceramic piece of the other end, to be believed
Number, it is acquired after being amplified by charge amplifier by NI5781 capture card with the sample rate of 50MHz, collected transducing signal is such as
Shown in Fig. 4.
(5) Time-Frequency Analysis is carried out to collected transducing signal with the method for short time discrete Fourier transform, is obtained after processing
Time-frequency spectrum it is as shown in Figure 5.Theoretical formula:
F (t) is transducing signal in formula, and h (t) is window function, and window function length is selected according to the time domain pulsewidth of pumping signal.
(6) after the energy value of fundamental frequency signal and two frequency-doubled signals is extracted, it can be seen that fundamental frequency is with two frequencys multiplication with identical
Time reaches, and the separating resulting of two kinds of frequency signals can be clearly observed from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, obtains A1With A2Amplitude,
Utilize formulaCalculate nonlinear parameter β '.It is evident that β ' value significantly increases when simulation damage occurs.
Fig. 8 is the growth rate of each path non-linearity characteristic ginseng value in heating front and back on aluminium sheet, as can be seen from the figure every time
Nonlinear characteristic parameters value all increased after heat treatment, but the ratio different from increased.Fig. 9 is according to formulaSDC after conversionTValue, and with fundamental frequency signal and according to formulaMeter
Calculate the comparison diagram of SDC value, it can be seen that the variation of SDC value is unobvious, can not determine the Position Approximate of damage, and SDCTValue is in path
LADWith path LCENonlinear characteristic parameters growth rate is maximum, and damage position is just near the crosspoint of two paths.
(7) in the image of reconstruct, each SDCTValue is respectively disposed on an ellipsoid.It is ellipse in reconstructed image
The pixel value of the edge of the circle and periphery is 0, is pixel maximum at each elliptical focus line.The depth table of different point colors
The probability size of bright this position damage, the deeper position of color means that damage probability is bigger, finds out SDCTValue, so that it may
The image of damage is reconstructed, as shown in Figure 10.
(8) according to RAPID tomography principle, the image of damage is reconstructed.Utilize the SDC after conversionTValue reconstruct crackle
The image of tomographic map, reconstruct is as shown in figure 11, and color is brighter to indicate that cracked probability is bigger.
(9) it is handled by thresholding, the position where damaging is indicated by bright colored portion, image such as Figure 12 institute after processing
Show.As can be seen that imaging results are essentially coincided with realistic simulation damage.
According to the existing the second harmonic signal existence condition in relation to non-linear Lamb wave mechanism of production, with cumulative effect
And to research achievements such as the sensibility of structural damage and mechanics parameters, test to non-linear Lamb wave damage reason location at
Image space method is explored, and the characteristic parameter of the non-linear Lamb wave damage monitoring process based on piezoelectric-array is extracted, and is concluded
Some practical methods.
Still there are many embodiment, all technical sides formed using equivalents or equivalent transformation by the present invention
Case is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage chromatography imaging method based on piezoelectric-array, it is characterised in that: the party
Method the following steps are included:
S1: on to geodesic structure, according to the size in region to be measured, six piezoelectric transducer composition excitation/sensing hexagons are arranged
Array；
S2: selecting a sensor as driver in excitation/sensor array, other five sensors are receiver, that is, adopts
With piezoelectric sensor array, using sensors A as driver, remaining 5 sensor is as receiver；
S3: the use of narrow band signal is pumping signal, is carried out first after oscillograph collects signal using Short Time Fourier Transform
Time-Frequency Analysis, then the separation of corresponding frequencies signal implementation pattern is extracted respectively；
S4: according to time frequency analysis as a result, extracting fundamental frequency and two frequency multiplication Lamb wave response signals respectively, fundamental frequency second harmonic width is obtained
Value, finds out the change rate of relative nonlinear parameter value and nonlinear parameter value, is found out according to the change rate of nonlinear parameter value
The position and region of fatigue damage；
S5: using non-linear Lamb wave variable quantity as characteristic parameter, RAPID tomography is used in damage imaging and is calculated
Method reconstructs the image of damage；
S6: according to imaging results, suitable threshold value is set.
2. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage tomography side based on piezoelectric-array according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in S1 step, it is described to geodesic structure be aluminium sheet structure.
3. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage tomography side based on piezoelectric-array according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in S2 step, 6 sensors are uniformly distributed on aluminium sheet, are put by function generator and power
Lamb wave ultrasonic signal is loaded on driver A by big device, excites pumping signal in the structure；Through charge amplifier by driver
Lamb wave structural response signal under A excitation senses, amplifies and acquires in feeding control computer, obtains Lamb wave response letter
Number.
4. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage tomography side based on piezoelectric-array according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in the S4 step, according to time frequency analysis as a result, obtaining fundamental frequency amplitude A1 and secondary harmonic amplitude A2, ask
Relative nonlinear parameter beta out ' value and β ' value change rate β0, according to β0Find out the position and region of fatigue damage.
5. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage tomography side based on piezoelectric-array according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that:
In the S5 step, RAPID tomography algorithm method includes that signal compares and image reconstruction two parts composition, wherein
Signal rating unit characterizes the statistical property difference of damage signal and reference signal using signal difference coefficient；
In the damage monitoring application process based on linear Lamb wave, RAPID method calculates reference signal x firstij(t) it and damages
Signal yij(t) signal difference coefficient S DC value (i indicates that excitation end, j indicate receiving end)；It is special according to non-linear Lamb wave signal
Parameter characteristic is levied, the signal difference coefficient of use is denoted as SDCT, in the image of reconstruct, each SDCTValue is respectively disposed at one
On a ellipsoid, in reconstructed image, it is pixel at each elliptical focus line that the pixel value of elliptical edge and periphery, which is 0,
Maximum value, the depth of different point colors show the probability size of this position damage, find out SDCTValue, so that it may reconstruct damage
The image of wound.
6. a kind of non-linear Lamb wave structure fatigue damage tomography side based on piezoelectric-array according to claim 5
Method, it is characterised in that: the deeper position of color means that damage probability is bigger.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109781865A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 厦门大学 | A kind of ultrasonic imaging method and device for plastic bonded explosive surface crack testing |
| CN109946384A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | A kind of signal acquisition optimization method based on RAPID chromatography imaging technique |
| CN110211118A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 沈阳智朗科技有限公司 | Gastric cancer image-recognizing method and system based on deep learning |
| CN110412130A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-05 | 山东大学 | Damage of composite materials imaging method based on energy spectrum and Lamb wave chromatography imaging technique |
| CN111175379A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Lamb wave plate structure health monitoring method based on synchronous compression wavelet transform |
| CN113008992A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-22 | 天津大学 | Novel imaging detection method suitable for detecting early fatigue damage of material |
| CN113390967A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-09-14 | 南京邮电大学 | Nonlinear guided wave composite material damage positioning method based on trapezoidal array |
| CN114791928A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-26 | 河海大学 | Time domain information entropy driven boundary self-adaptive structure fatigue damage detection method |
| CN115507734A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-23 | 华中科技大学 | Icing three-dimensional imaging method based on piezoelectric array |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109781865A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 厦门大学 | A kind of ultrasonic imaging method and device for plastic bonded explosive surface crack testing |
| CN109946384A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | A kind of signal acquisition optimization method based on RAPID chromatography imaging technique |
| CN110211118A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 沈阳智朗科技有限公司 | Gastric cancer image-recognizing method and system based on deep learning |
| CN110412130A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-05 | 山东大学 | Damage of composite materials imaging method based on energy spectrum and Lamb wave chromatography imaging technique |
| CN111175379A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Lamb wave plate structure health monitoring method based on synchronous compression wavelet transform |
| CN113008992A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-22 | 天津大学 | Novel imaging detection method suitable for detecting early fatigue damage of material |
| CN113390967A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-09-14 | 南京邮电大学 | Nonlinear guided wave composite material damage positioning method based on trapezoidal array |
| CN114791928A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-26 | 河海大学 | Time domain information entropy driven boundary self-adaptive structure fatigue damage detection method |
| CN115507734A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-23 | 华中科技大学 | Icing three-dimensional imaging method based on piezoelectric array |
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Application publication date: 20181225 |