CN109084891B - Rotator noise test system based on stress variation - Google Patents
Rotator noise test system based on stress variation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109084891B CN109084891B CN201811249985.6A CN201811249985A CN109084891B CN 109084891 B CN109084891 B CN 109084891B CN 201811249985 A CN201811249985 A CN 201811249985A CN 109084891 B CN109084891 B CN 109084891B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation, which comprises: a central data processing device, a pickup device and a pressure sensor both connected to the central data processing device; the pressure sensor is connected with the device to be tested and is used for measuring stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body; the pick-up device is used for collecting noise sample data generated in the rotating process of the rotating body. The invention improves the accuracy of the test, provides a new way for detecting the working state of the rotating body in industrial equipment, and brings convenience for the maintenance and the test work of the rotating body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotor noise testing, and particularly relates to a rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation.
Background
Industrial plants comprise a large number of devices which are operated by a rotational movement, which may comprise rotating bodies (rotor + rotor shaft) which are operated in rotation, such as brake discs, turbines, wind turbine blades or the like. For an ideal rigid body with uniform distribution, perfect rotation should be performed when the rigid body is not acted by external force. In practical situations, in the long-time running process, the rotor is stressed and deformed, the material structure is damaged, and is subject to external interference and the like, and the rotor generates periodically changing force in the interior and to the outside during rotation, generates vibration, and transmits the vibration to the air to generate sound waves, which are called vibration noise. Therefore, during the rotation of the rotating body, the working state and condition of the rotor can be judged through vibration noise.
However, during the operation of industrial equipment, there is a large amount of random background noise in the environment in which it is located, in addition to its own vibration noise. Vibration noise of the equipment itself is mixed with the noise, and the interference cannot be distinguished when the sound collection is performed, so that whether vibration occurs cannot be judged. In addition, in practical use, background noise is difficult to completely eradicate.
In a word, in the maintenance process of the equipment, the existing method for testing the working state and condition of the rotating body through noise cannot test the rotating body based on noise due to a large amount of environmental noise and industrial equipment operation noise, so that the working condition of the rotor in the rotating body cannot be judged, an accurate test result capable of reflecting the working state of the rotating body cannot be obtained, and potential safety hazards are brought to the stable operation of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned problems, a main object of the present invention is to provide a system for testing noise of a rotating body based on stress variation, so as to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation, which is used for measuring a device to be tested including a rotating body; wherein, the device to be tested is provided with a device body; the rotating body is connected with the device body and rotates relative to the device body; comprising the following steps:
a central data processing device, a pickup device and a pressure sensor both connected to the central data processing device;
the pressure sensor is connected with the device to be tested and is used for measuring stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body;
the pick-up device is used for collecting noise sample data generated in the rotating process of the rotating body;
according to the stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body and the noise sample data generated by the rotating body correspondingly, establishing a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics, and according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, obtaining the noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure through the current pressure of the rotating body on the device body.
Preferably, the rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation comprises at least two pressure sensors;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the joint of the rotor shaft of the rotating body and the two ends of the device body and is used for measuring stress change data of the joint of the two ends of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body.
Preferably, the rotary body noise testing system based on stress variation comprises a plurality of the sound pickup devices;
and a plurality of pickup devices are arranged around the surrounding sound collecting area of the device to be tested, and are used for collecting noise sample data generated in the rotating process of the rotating body in the surrounding sound collecting area through the plurality of pickup devices.
Preferably, the sound pickup apparatus includes a sound collecting device, and a damper connected to the sound collecting device, and the sound collecting device is provided at an upper end of the damper, and is disposed in a surrounding sound collecting area of the device to be measured through the damper.
Preferably, the sound pickup apparatus further includes a sound aggregation unit connected to the sound collection device;
the sound aggregation unit is included on the periphery of the sound collection device to form a sound aggregation area so as to collect the collected noise of the rotator through the sound aggregation area.
Preferably, the device further comprises a distance measuring device;
the distance measuring device is connected with the central data processing device and is used for measuring the torque of the rotating body.
Preferably, the system further comprises a remote control device and a network device;
the remote control device is connected with the pickup equipment and the pressure sensor;
the central data processing device is connected with the network device;
the remote control device is connected with the network device;
the remote control device controls the pickup device and the pressure sensor to test according to a test instruction sent by the central data processing device through the network device so as to obtain the stress change data and the noise sample data; and returning the force variation data and the noise sample data to the central data processing device through the network device connected with the remote control device.
Preferably, the remote control device is connected to the network device via a wireless network.
Preferably, the rotating body noise test system further comprises a power supply device and a storage device;
the power supply device and the storage device are connected with the central data processing device.
In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention further provides a method for testing noise of a rotating body based on stress variation, including:
a full-work test section of the equipment to be tested based on the working condition index is planned; the working condition indexes comprise temperature, rotating speed and torque;
placing the pressure sensor and the pickup device at corresponding preset positions;
controlling a rotating body in the equipment to be tested to start rotating operation, and adjusting to different operation conditions corresponding to the full-work test section; and controlling a central data processing device according to the full-work test section, collecting pressure of a rotating body of the device to be tested as stress variation data by using the pressure sensor, and collecting noise sample data of the rotating body of the device to be tested by using the pickup equipment;
establishing a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics according to the stress change data and the noise sample data corresponding to the collected full-work test section by the central data processing device;
and according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristic and the acoustic characteristic, obtaining the noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure through the current pressure of the rotating body to the device body.
Preferably, the "establishing, by the central data processing device, a function of correspondence between mechanical features and acoustic features according to the collected stress variation data and the noise sample data corresponding to the full-operation test section" includes:
intensity quantification is carried out on all the collected noise sample data, and amplitude corresponding to each noise sample data is obtained; performing Fourier transform on all noise sample data to obtain frequencies corresponding to the noise sample data; and, arranging the amplitude and the frequency in time domain, respectively;
based on the full-work test sections, respectively grouping the corresponding pressure, amplitude and frequency in each section;
respectively calculating the average value, the maximum value, the minimum value and the variance in each group of each section and the number of data in the 2 sigma of the normal distribution, so as to obtain a pressure array, an amplitude array and a frequency array in each section;
and establishing a corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristic and the acoustic characteristic by taking the pressure array as a dependent variable and taking the amplitude array and the frequency array as independent variables.
The invention provides a rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation, which is characterized in that stress variation data and noise sample data of a rotating body in a device to be tested in the rotating process are respectively measured by arranging pickup equipment and a pressure sensor which are connected with a central data processing device, a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics is established through the matching relation of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, and corresponding noise is obtained through the current pressure of the rotating body to the device body according to the function. Therefore, the acoustic characteristics and working conditions of the rotating body can be deduced only through mechanical characteristics in the testing and maintaining process of the rotating body, the influence of external interference such as environmental noise, industrial equipment operation noise and the like on testing in the equipment operation process is avoided, the testing accuracy is improved, a new way is provided for detecting the working state of the rotating body in industrial equipment, and convenience is brought to maintenance and overhaul of the rotating body and testing work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the module circuit connection of a rotary body noise testing system based on stress variation according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the device circuit of the rotary body noise testing system based on the stress variation in the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the device in the rotary body noise testing system based on stress variation according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of a sound pickup area of a sound pickup apparatus of a rotary body noise test system based on a change in force in a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device structure of a sound pickup apparatus of a rotary body noise testing system based on a force variation in a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the module circuit connection of a rotary body noise testing system based on stress variation according to a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the module circuit connection of a rotary body noise testing system based on stress variation according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for testing noise of a rotating body based on stress variation according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a refinement of step S40 of the rotator noise testing method according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a rotary body noise testing system 1 based on force variation for measuring a device under test including a rotary body; wherein, the device to be tested is provided with a device body; the rotating body is connected with the device body and rotates relative to the device body; comprising the following steps:
a central data processing unit 11, a sound pickup device 12 and a pressure sensor 13 each connected to the central data processing unit 11;
the pressure sensor 13 is connected with the device to be tested and is used for measuring stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body;
the pick-up device 12 is used for collecting noise sample data generated by the rotating body in the rotating process;
according to the stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body and the noise sample data generated by the rotating body correspondingly, establishing a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics, and according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, obtaining the noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure through the current pressure of the rotating body on the device body.
The central data processing device 11 may be a control terminal with a certain computing power, which may include, but is not limited to, a mainframe, a desktop PC, a portable PC, a tablet PC, and the like. In this embodiment, it is preferable that a mainframe such as an IBM System z9 type 2094 mainframe computer is used.
The sound pickup apparatus 12 may be a sound pickup apparatus having a sound data collection function, and may be a microphone, for example. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the electret condenser microphone of Sony ECM-PC60 type is used.
As described above, the sound pickup apparatus 12 may be disposed at a surrounding area of the device under test, for example, a microphone may be disposed in the device under test, beside the rotating body, so as to more clearly collect vibration noise generated during rotation thereof.
The pressure sensor 13 is configured to obtain the current pressure generated by the body of the device during rotation of the rotating body, and is configured to measure the current pressure.
The central data processing unit 11 is electrically connected to the sound pickup device 12 and the pressure sensor 13. The central data processing means 11 can directly control the start and end of the test operation of the sound pickup device 12 and the pressure sensor 13, as well as the transmission of the collected data, and the arithmetic analysis. In addition, the operation analysis work can also send the obtained related data to the server end or the cloud end so as to realize operation through the server end or the cloud end, thereby reducing the operation amount of the local end and carrying out unified management, unified test and maintenance through the server end or the cloud end.
The test principle according to the embodiment is as follows:
when rotating, if vibration is not generated (i.e., the rotor is in a non-destructive state), the force applied to the device body should be the gravity of the rotor along with the mechanism (rotor, including rotor, and rotation-assisting mechanism) of the bearing or the like assisting the rotation of the rotorI.e. F g The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Assuming that the horizontal direction is positive, the vibration of the rotor is generated by periodic acceleration variation of the rotating body. In order to provide this acceleration, a force F must be generated. The force between the rotor (including the mechanism assisting the rotation of the rotor) and the other mechanism, which is acquired by the pressure sensor 13 at this time, should be F g +F; sound waves (vibration noise) are also generated due to the vibration. The sound wave and the pressure change are generated simultaneously, so that a simple positive correlation can be established according to the relationship between the sound wave and the pressure. Each acoustic signature corresponds to a pressure signature. Therefore, by establishing the corresponding relation between the pressure change and the sound wave frequency, and the corresponding relation between the magnitude of force and the amplitude of a certain position, and establishing a corresponding relation function between the mechanical characteristic and the acoustic characteristic, the judgment of whether noise occurs or not, and the intensity and the frequency of the noise can be realized through the force based on the function.
In addition, it should be noted that the existing method for maintaining and detecting the working condition of the device to be tested including the rotating body mainly includes the following steps:
1. decibel meter measurement: only the decibels of the sound somewhere in space can be known, and the decibels are relative intensity rather than absolute intensity, and are biased towards human perception rather than quantization of noise.
2. Acoustic wave amplitude and frequency measurement: the background noise and the rotor noise are mixed together, the frequency spectrum of the background noise must be known first, and the background noise frequency spectrum is removed from the test sample. If the background noise spectrum is not available in time or the background noise is highly random, a separate rotor noise sample will not be available.
3. Laser detection method: for rotors working in a narrow space and rotors contacting non-air working media, a laser radar cannot be installed or the surface of the rotor cannot be irradiated.
4. The method for installing the vibration sensor comprises the following steps: the vibration sensor may not be installed on the surface of the device, and the vibration sensor may not be installed on the rotor rotating at a high speed, but may be installed at other positions, and the vibration of the rotor may not be directly measured.
The present embodiment is directed to determining the working state of the corresponding rotor by the vibration noise generated by the rotor in the rotating body during the rotation process. In the test process, besides vibration noise of industrial equipment, a large amount of background noise exists in the environment where the industrial equipment is located, and other interference noise exists in the external environment, so that a large amount of interference signals exist in the measured vibration noise, and the accuracy of a test result is greatly influenced.
The embodiment provides a rotating body noise testing system 1 based on stress variation, which is characterized in that stress variation data and noise sample data of a rotating body in a device to be tested in the rotating process are respectively measured by arranging a pickup device 12 and a pressure sensor 13 which are connected with a central data processing device 11, a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics is established through a matching relation of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, and corresponding noise is obtained through the current pressure of the rotating body to the device body according to the function. Therefore, the acoustic characteristics and working conditions of the rotating body can be deduced only through mechanical characteristics in the testing and maintaining process of the rotating body, the influence of external interference such as environmental noise, industrial equipment operation noise and the like on testing in the equipment operation process is avoided, the testing accuracy is improved, a new way is provided for detecting the working state of the rotating body in industrial equipment, and convenience is brought to maintenance and overhaul of the rotating body and testing work.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3, based on the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a rotary body noise testing system 1 based on force variation, wherein the rotary body noise testing system 1 based on force variation includes at least two pressure sensors 13;
the pressure sensor 13 is arranged at the joint of the rotor shaft of the rotating body and the two ends of the device body, and is used for measuring stress change data of the joint of the two ends of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body.
The device to be tested comprises a rotating body, wherein the rotating body comprises a rotor arranged in the middle, a rotor shaft penetrating through the rotor, and two ends, different from the middle rotor, of the rotor shaft are connected with the device body so as to realize rotation relative to the device body.
In order to rotate the rotator relative to the device body, the pressure sensor 13 is disposed at the connection between the rotor shaft and the device body in the present embodiment due to the pressure applied to the device body caused by the vibration, and in order to obtain the stress variation data more accurately, at least one pressure sensor 13 is disposed at the connection between the rotor shaft and the two ends of the device body, so as to improve the accuracy.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 4 to 6, based on the above-described embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a rotary body noise test system 1 based on a force variation, wherein the rotary body noise test system 1 based on a force variation includes a plurality of the sound pickup devices 12;
and, a plurality of the sound pickup apparatuses 12 are disposed around an ambient sound collection area of the device under test, for collecting noise sample data generated during rotation of the rotating body at the ambient sound collection area by the plurality of the sound pickup apparatuses 12.
As described above, the sound pickup apparatus 12 may include a plurality of in the present embodiment. Specifically, a plurality of pickup devices 12 are respectively connected to the central data processing unit 11, and are used for collecting vibration noise generated by the rotating body during the rotation process.
Each of the sound pickup apparatuses 12 is provided around the device under test in a surrounding sound collection area, which is a position in the device under test where vibration noise of the rotor can be collected, and may be an area around the outer ring of the device under test or a vicinity of the rotor within the device under test, at a specific distance of not more than 1 meter from the rotor, for example, an area 2 cm from the rotor for vibration noise detection of the brake disc. Specifically, the outer ring may be the outer ring of the horizontal plane of the rotating body, or may be the upper and lower ends of the rotating body, or the like. The surrounding sound collecting area may be the device to be tested, or may be the outside of the device to be tested. In the present embodiment, by providing a plurality of sound pickup apparatuses 12 in the surrounding sound pickup area of the device to be tested while picking up the noise of the rotating body, the accuracy of sound pickup is greatly improved, and vibration noise generated by the rotating body can be picked up at different angles.
Further, the sound pickup apparatus 12 includes a sound collecting device 121, and a damper 122 connected to the sound collecting device 121, and the sound collecting device 121 is provided at an upper end of the damper 122, and is disposed in a surrounding sound collecting area of the device under test through the damper 122.
In the operation process of industrial equipment, certain vibration is generally provided, and when vibration noise in the sound pickup equipment 12 is collected, vibration or displacement of the sound pickup equipment 12 is caused by the vibration, so that on one hand, a large amount of background noise is generated to influence a test result, and on the other hand, vibration noise of a rotating body cannot be collected at a correct position due to displacement of the sound pickup equipment 12.
In this embodiment, the damping device 122 is disposed at the lower end of the sound collecting device 121 to counteract the vibration generated by the industrial equipment during operation, so as to avoid the vibration of the pickup device 12 caused by the vibration of the industrial equipment, and improve the stability of the placement of the pickup device 12.
Further, the sound pickup apparatus 12 further includes a sound aggregation unit 123 connected to the sound collection device 121;
the sound aggregation unit 123 is included on the periphery of the sound collection device 121 to form a sound aggregation area, so as to collect the collected noise of the rotator through the sound aggregation area.
As described above, in the process of collecting noise, the pickup apparatus 12 may collect interference noise other than vibration noise due to the presence of other devices or external noise. In this embodiment, a sound aggregation unit 123 is disposed at the periphery of the sound collecting device 121 of the sound pickup apparatus 12, for example, outside the microphone, so as to aggregate the collected noise, so that the sound collecting device 121 has a certain directivity for collecting the noise. Wherein, the sound aggregation unit 123 may be a cylindrical shape with a fan shape, a trapezoid shape, and a tapered arrangement; preferably, the sound aggregation unit 123 may be a tapered cylindrical shape, where the sound collection device 121 is disposed at one end of the cylindrical shape with a smaller diameter, and the other end with a larger diameter faces one side of the rotating body of the device to be tested, and a sound aggregation area with a certain directivity is formed in the tapered cylindrical shape, so that the directivity of sound collection is greatly improved, the interference of surrounding background noise on the collection of vibration noise is reduced, the purity of vibration noise is improved, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
Further, a distance measuring device 14 is also included;
the distance measuring device 14 is connected to the central data processing device 11 for measuring the torque of the rotating body.
The distance measuring device 14 is used for measuring the torque of the rotor of the rotating body before or during the operation of the device to be measured. The ranging device 14 may include, but is not limited to, a laser range finder, an infrared range finder, an image recognition-based range finder, and the like.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 7, based on the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a rotating body noise testing system 1 based on stress variation, wherein the system further includes a remote control device 15 and a network device 16;
the remote control device 15 is connected with the sound pickup apparatus 12 and the pressure sensor 13;
the central data processing device 11 is connected to the network device 16;
the remote control device 15 is connected with the network device 16;
the remote control device 15 controls the pickup apparatus 12 and the pressure sensor 13 to perform a test according to a test instruction transmitted from the central data processing device 11 through the network device 16 to obtain the force variation data and the noise sample data; and returns the force variation data and the noise sample data to the central data processing device 11 via the network device 16 connected to the remote control device 15.
Further, the remote control device 15 is connected to the network device 16 through a wireless network.
Further, the rotating body noise testing system further comprises a power supply device 17 and a storage device 18;
the power supply means 17 and the storage means 18 are both connected to the central data processing means 11.
The power supply device 17 may be an ac power or a dc power, for example, a lithium battery. And the storage device 18 is used for storing test data acquired in the process of testing by the test system.
In the environment of actually carrying out the test, large-scale industrial equipment probably sets up in environments such as noisy workshop, and when the tester carried out the test, because the test has certain time requirement, promptly first test need through carrying out the test in proper order under index conditions such as different time, temperature to construct the relation function, and if there is huge noise that equipment operation produced in the environment that industrial equipment was in this moment, very easily influence the normal operating condition of tester, even long-time work can cause the eardrum damage of certain degree.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the remote control device 15 and the network device 16 are connected through a network cable or a wireless network, so as to divide the rotating body noise testing system provided in the present embodiment into a control end operated by a user and a testing end disposed at one side of the device to be tested. Therefore, the control end of the test device can be remotely operated to control the test end through a network cable or a wireless network, so as to realize the purpose of remote test. Thereby creating a convenient condition for the test work of the testers and improving the user experience.
Example 5:
referring to fig. 8-9, the present invention further provides a method for testing noise of a rotating body based on stress variation, comprising:
step S10, a full-work test section of the equipment to be tested based on the working condition index is planned; the working condition indexes comprise temperature, rotating speed and torque;
step S20, placing the pressure sensor 13 and the pickup device 12 at corresponding preset positions;
step S30, controlling a rotator in the equipment to be tested to start rotating operation, and adjusting to different operation conditions corresponding to the full-work test section; and, according to the full-operation test section, controlling a central data processing device 11, collecting pressure of a rotating body of the device under test as force variation data by using the pressure sensor 13, and collecting noise sample data of the rotating body of the device under test by using the sound pickup apparatus 12;
step S40, establishing, by the central data processing device 11, a function of correspondence between mechanical features and acoustic features according to the collected stress variation data and the noise sample data corresponding to the full-work test section;
and S50, obtaining noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure through the current pressure of the rotating body on the device body according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics.
Further, the step S40 of establishing, by the central data processing device 11, a function of correspondence between mechanical features and acoustic features according to the collected stress variation data and the noise sample data corresponding to the full-operation test section includes:
step S41, intensity quantification is carried out on all the collected noise sample data, and amplitude corresponding to each noise sample data is obtained; performing Fourier transform on all noise sample data to obtain frequencies corresponding to the noise sample data; and, arranging the amplitude and the frequency in time domain, respectively;
step S42, based on the full-work test sections, respectively grouping the corresponding pressure, amplitude and frequency in each section;
step S43, respectively calculating the average value, the maximum value, the minimum value, the variance and the number of data in the normal distribution 2sigma of each section to obtain a pressure array, an amplitude array and a frequency array in each section;
and S44, establishing a corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics by taking the pressure array as an independent variable and taking the amplitude array and the frequency array as independent variables.
In the method provided in this embodiment, in order to establish the correspondence between the full pressure and the audio characteristics, the full audio measurement experiment must be designed to simulate all the vibration conditions and construct the relationship function. In this embodiment, the following three conditions are determined as all the conditions of the device to be tested including the rotating body, and are respectively: temperature, rotational speed, and torque.
And then, a full-working test section of the equipment to be tested based on the working condition index is drawn. Specifically, according to the sequence of temperature, rotation speed and torque, starting from one limit value of the working condition, taking the measurement precision as the minimum adjustment value, and sequentially changing the working condition of the equipment to the other limit direction of the index, and setting a full-working test section.
Wherein the difference between the test sections may be large, in this embodiment the preferred temperature may be 0.5 ℃ as the minimum adjustment, the rotational speed is 2 pi rad/s as the minimum adjustment, and the torque is 1N/m as the minimum adjustment.
Because the total working test section time and the total data amount of the auxiliary section adjusted to the test section condition are huge, a method of simultaneously carrying out a plurality of tests can be adopted, the test section is distributed, and the test time is reduced.
In addition, in order to save energy, the lowest energy consumption of the equipment in the test process can be realized according to the sequence of the temperature from high to low, the rotating speed from high to low and the torque from high to low.
For example: the temperature measurement precision is 0.1 ℃, and the working temperature ranges from 18 ℃ to 70 ℃; the working range is 0 to 100 pi rad/s, and the rotating speed precision is 2 pi rad/s; moment precision is 0.01N/m, and working range is 0 to 100N/m; at a temperature of 70 ℃, ensuring a rotating speed of 2 pi rad/s and a torque of 0.01N/m, and being used as a test section; the working conditions are sequentially changed according to the measurement precision, and a total of 700x 50x 10000 and 2.6x 10 can be obtained 8 The test sections are grouped.
After the grouping setting for the full-operation test sections is finished, all the test sections in the full-operation test sections can be arranged and input into the central data processing device 11 for controlling the operation of the device under test. At this time, the sound pickup apparatus 12 is placed on the damper 122, and the distance measuring device 14 is placed at a predetermined position. In addition, a plurality of sound pickup apparatuses 12 may be placed around in the surrounding sound collection area of the device under test to improve the accuracy of data collection.
After the pressure sensor 13, the pickup device 12 and the distance measuring device 14 are installed, the device is started, the working condition is adjusted, and the test of the full-working test section is executed. The force and audio received by the pressure sensor 13 are recorded at a frequency (for example, a value of 20Hz to 100 Hz) in the time domain, and stored in the memory device 18 of the central data processing unit 11.
The step S40 is a data analysis step, in which a mechanical feature and acoustic feature corresponding relation function is established according to the stress variation data and the noise sample data corresponding to the collected full-operation test section by the central data processing device 11. So far, the device to be tested has been obtained, and under all working conditions, the association between the pressure of the rotor (comprising a mechanism for assisting the rotation of the rotor and the other mechanism (device body) and the noise is established. By looking up the final binary function (the correspondence function of the mechanical feature and the acoustic feature), and inputting the pressure feature value (the current pressure), the noise condition in this case can be deduced.
In addition, in order to improve the accuracy of the pressure versus noise function, at least 3 repeated tests should be performed to collect data. For devices in which the rotor wears rapidly during operation, a number of devices at different wear stages should be searched for and tested. Each degree of wear should establish its own pressure and relationship function. When applying the function, the wear of the device should be determined first.
The embodiment provides a rotator noise testing method based on stress variation, which is characterized in that stress variation data and noise sample data of a rotator in a device to be tested in a rotating process are respectively measured by arranging a pickup device 12 and a pressure sensor 13 which are connected with a central data processing device 11, a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics is established through a matching relation of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, and corresponding noise is obtained through the current pressure of the rotator to a device body according to the function. Therefore, the acoustic characteristics and working conditions of the rotating body can be deduced only through mechanical characteristics in the testing and maintaining process of the rotating body, the influence of external interference such as environmental noise, industrial equipment operation noise and the like on testing in the equipment operation process is avoided, the testing accuracy is improved, a new way is provided for detecting the working state of the rotating body in industrial equipment, and convenience is brought to maintenance and overhaul of the rotating body and testing work.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course may also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, comprising instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (8)
1. A rotating body noise testing system based on stress variation is used for measuring a device to be tested containing a rotating body; the device to be tested comprises a device body and a rotating body arranged in the device body; the rotating body is connected with the device body and rotates relative to the device body; characterized by comprising the following steps:
a central data processing device, a pickup device and a pressure sensor both connected to the central data processing device;
the pressure sensor is connected with the device to be tested and is used for measuring stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body;
the pick-up device is used for collecting noise sample data generated in the rotating process of the rotating body;
according to the stress change data of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body and the noise sample data generated by the rotating body correspondingly, establishing a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics, and according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, obtaining the noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure through the current pressure of the rotating body on the device body;
the rotating body noise testing system based on the stress variation executes a rotating body noise testing method based on the stress variation and is used for measuring a device to be tested containing the rotating body; the rotating body noise testing method based on the stress variation comprises the following steps:
a full-work test section of the equipment to be tested based on the working condition index is planned; the working condition indexes comprise temperature, rotating speed and torque;
placing the pressure sensor and the pickup device at corresponding preset positions;
controlling a rotating body in the equipment to be tested to start rotating operation, and adjusting to different operation conditions corresponding to the full-work test section; and controlling a central data processing device according to the full-work test section, collecting pressure of a rotating body of the device to be tested as stress variation data by using the pressure sensor, and collecting noise sample data of the rotating body of the device to be tested by using the pickup equipment;
establishing a corresponding relation function of mechanical characteristics and acoustic characteristics according to the stress change data and the noise sample data corresponding to the collected full-work test section by the central data processing device;
according to the corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristics and the acoustic characteristics, the noise of the rotating body corresponding to the current pressure is obtained through the current pressure of the rotating body on the device body;
the establishing, by the central data processing device, a function of a correspondence between mechanical features and acoustic features according to the stress variation data and the noise sample data corresponding to the collected full-work test section, including:
intensity quantification is carried out on all the collected noise sample data, and amplitude corresponding to each noise sample data is obtained; performing Fourier transform on all noise sample data to obtain frequencies corresponding to the noise sample data; and, arranging the amplitude and the frequency in time domain, respectively;
based on the full-work test sections, respectively grouping the corresponding pressure, amplitude and frequency in each section;
respectively calculating the average value, the maximum value, the minimum value and the variance in each group of each section and the number of data in the 2 sigma of the normal distribution, so as to obtain a pressure array, an amplitude array and a frequency array in each section;
and establishing a corresponding relation function of the mechanical characteristic and the acoustic characteristic by taking the pressure array as a dependent variable and taking the amplitude array and the frequency array as independent variables.
2. The force variation-based rotator noise test system according to claim 1, wherein said force variation-based rotator noise test system comprises at least two pressure sensors;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the joint of the rotor shaft of the rotating body and the two ends of the device body and is used for measuring stress change data of the joint of the two ends of the device body in the rotating process of the rotating body.
3. The force variation-based rotator noise test system according to claim 1, wherein said force variation-based rotator noise test system comprises a plurality of said sound pickup devices;
and a plurality of pickup devices are arranged around the surrounding sound collecting area of the device to be tested, and are used for collecting noise sample data generated in the rotating process of the rotating body in the surrounding sound collecting area through the plurality of pickup devices.
4. The rotary body noise testing system based on the force variation according to claim 1, wherein the sound pickup apparatus includes a sound collecting device and a damper device connected to the sound collecting device, and the sound collecting device is provided at an upper end of the damper device and in a surrounding sound collecting area of the device to be tested through the damper device.
5. The force variation-based rotator noise test system according to claim 1, wherein said sound pickup apparatus further comprises a sound aggregation unit connected to the sound collection device;
the sound aggregation unit is included on the periphery of the sound collection device to form a sound aggregation area so as to collect the collected noise of the rotator through the sound aggregation area.
6. The force variation based rotator noise test system according to claim 1, further comprising a distance measuring device;
the distance measuring device is connected with the central data processing device and is used for measuring the torque of the rotating body.
7. The force variation based rotator noise test system according to claim 1, further comprising a remote control device and a network device;
the remote control device is connected with the pickup equipment and the pressure sensor;
the central data processing device is connected with the network device;
the remote control device is connected with the network device;
the remote control device controls the pickup device and the pressure sensor to test according to a test instruction sent by the central data processing device through the network device so as to obtain the stress change data and the noise sample data; and returning the force variation data and the noise sample data to the central data processing device through the network device connected with the remote control device.
8. The force variation based rotator noise test system according to claim 7, wherein said remote control device is connected to said network device via a wireless network.
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| WO2018125017A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | Ford Otomotiv Sanayi Anonim Sirketi | A compact system and method for vibration and noise mapping |
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