CN109084698B - Method and system for monitoring deformation of engineering building - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring deformation of engineering building Download PDFInfo
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- CN109084698B CN109084698B CN201811250358.4A CN201811250358A CN109084698B CN 109084698 B CN109084698 B CN 109084698B CN 201811250358 A CN201811250358 A CN 201811250358A CN 109084698 B CN109084698 B CN 109084698B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring deformation of an engineering building, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a monitoring point on a building to be monitored, and arranging a texture target on the monitoring point; setting a fixed pier on the ground which is at a certain distance from the target and is not influenced by the deformation of a building to be monitored, and fixedly setting a video camera device for monitoring on the fixed pier; the target image is acquired through the video camera device, and the acquired image information is transmitted to a terminal image processing unit through a communication network; and the terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, monitors deformation displacement of the target and realizes deformation monitoring of the engineering building. The method and the system have simpler and more convenient implementation process and better effect, and can effectively improve the monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering measurement, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring deformation of an engineering building.
Background
At present, deformation monitoring is an important technical means for mass verification and safety management of large-scale buildings, is a common service which is generally operated, and the means frequently applied in the prior art mainly comprise the following steps:
1. high sensitivity sensor embedded in building
The method has high monitoring precision and high sensitivity, and can go deep into key parts in a building body; however, the equipment and the construction are expensive, and the equipment and the construction are difficult to maintain after faults occur.
2. GNSS (satellite navigation positioning) observations
The satellite signal receiving antenna is arranged at the position of the surface of the building body, which can receive satellite signals, and the high-precision positioning advantage can be obtained by utilizing the long-time observation of a fixed point, and the centimeter-level three-dimensional positioning precision can be obtained, so that the deformation of the building body can be monitored, but the method is difficult to realize the high-sensitivity monitoring with the precision higher than the centimeter-level precision and the times per second.
3. Stereo photogrammetry
More than two fixed piers are arranged at a certain distance from a building, high-precision cameras are respectively installed, stereoscopic images of the surface of the building are shot, and deformation movement values of monitored points are obtained through a stereoscopic measurement method. However, the technical means has heavy instruments and equipment, high cost and above all, the video rate is not reached, and the sensitivity is not enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for monitoring deformation of an engineering building, which have the advantages of simpler and more convenient implementation process and better effect, and can effectively improve the monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method for engineering building deformation monitoring, the method comprising:
step 1, selecting a monitoring point position on a building to be monitored, and arranging a texture target on the monitoring point position;
Step 2, setting a fixed pier on the ground which is at a certain distance from the target and is not influenced by the deformation of a building to be monitored, and fixedly setting a video camera device for monitoring on the fixed pier;
Step 3, acquiring the target image through the video camera device, and transmitting the acquired image information to a terminal image processing unit through a communication network;
and 4, carrying out matching detection of video images by the terminal image processing unit according to the acquired image information, and monitoring deformation displacement of the target to realize deformation monitoring of the engineering building.
The invention also provides a system for monitoring deformation of the engineering building, which comprises a target, a fixed pier, a video camera device, a communication network and a terminal image processing unit, wherein:
the target is arranged on a preselected monitoring point position on a building to be monitored;
The fixed pier is positioned on the ground, which is not influenced by the deformation of the building to be monitored, of the target for a certain distance;
a video camera device for monitoring is fixedly arranged on the fixed pier, and the target image is acquired through the video camera device;
And the acquired image information is transmitted to the terminal image processing unit through the communication network, the terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, and deformation displacement of the target is monitored, so that deformation monitoring of the engineering building is realized.
The technical scheme provided by the invention shows that the method and the system have simpler and more convenient implementation process and better effect, and can effectively improve the monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring deformation of an engineering building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a target provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic image of a 3-dimensional target according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a low-frequency strain accumulation curve in an example of the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the deformation curve at high frequency in an example of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for monitoring deformation of an engineering building according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the method includes:
step 1, selecting a monitoring point position on a building to be monitored, and arranging a texture target on the monitoring point position;
In this step, the pattern of the target may be painted onto the surface of the building monitoring site to be monitored using a paint coating. In the specific implementation, when the texture of the surface of the building to be monitored is rich and the shape is complex, the texture target is not required to be arranged, the image of the surface of the building is directly shot, and the monitoring task can be completed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a target provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where when there is a 3-dimensional displacement on the monitoring point, the target on the monitoring point is set to a 3-dimensional form.
Fig. 3 is an image schematic diagram of a 3-dimensional target according to an embodiment of the present invention, and 2 planes of the 3-dimensional target are collected by the video camera device to form 2-dimensional image spots.
Step 2, setting a fixed pier on the ground which is at a certain distance from the target and is not influenced by the deformation of a building to be monitored, and fixedly setting a video camera device for monitoring on the fixed pier;
here, if the conditions on the point to be monitored of the building to be monitored permit, the texture target can be set on the point to be monitored instead of the texture target, the video camera device for monitoring is set on the fixed pier in the step 2, then the target is imaged by the video camera device, the displacement of the point on the building relative to the ground fixed pier can be detected as such, and in a specific implementation, the target set on the fixed pier can be replaced by a stable ground building within a specific distance of the building to be monitored.
Step 3, acquiring the target image through the video camera device, and transmitting the acquired image information to a terminal image processing unit through a communication network;
and 4, carrying out matching detection of video images by the terminal image processing unit according to the acquired image information, and monitoring deformation displacement of the target to realize deformation monitoring of the engineering building.
In the step, the process of monitoring the deformation displacement of the target is specifically as follows:
if the monitoring point position does not move relative to the fixed pier, the t frame and the t+1st frame of the target acquired by the video camera device will not have any difference, and the method comprises the following steps:
Gt(x,y)＝Gt+1(x,y)
Wherein G t (x, y) is the t frame image of the acquired target; g t+1 (x, y) is the t+1st frame image of the acquired target;
If there is a small relative movement of the monitoring point relative to the fixed pier, the relative movement has 6 degrees of freedom, which are represented by 6 elements, respectively S x,Sy,Sz,αx,αy,αz, and the relative displacement (Δx, Δy) is generated between the corresponding image points in the two frames of G t and G t+1, then there are:
Gt(x,y)＝Gr+l(x+Δx，y+Δy)
The following relationship exists according to the principle of photogrammetry:
Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the image signals, the following relations exist:
wherein H is the distance between the fixed pier and the monitoring point, f is the main distance of the camera, And/>Gray gradient x, y direction values of the image G t at the (x, y) points, respectively;
For a target image of m multiplied by n pixels, m multiplied by n equations can be obtained, and then the least square method is adopted to solve all equations, so that (delta S x,ΔSy,ΔSz) three linear micro-momentums and (delta alpha x,Δαy,Δαz) three angular micro-momentums can be obtained;
The three linear micro-motion amounts and the three angular micro-motion amounts represent 6 degrees of freedom micro-deformation values of the monitoring point position relative to the fixed pier in the time interval of t and t+1.
In a specific implementation, the method provided in the foregoing embodiment has two applications, for example:
The first is a relatively low frequency monitoring mode, such as one frame for several minutes, in which case the transmission rate of the cell phone channel is sufficient, as is the computer rate at the site. Therefore, a frame of image can be shot once, 6 degrees of freedom vector increments can be calculated each time, the degrees of freedom vector increments are accumulated with historical values, a deformation accumulation curve is drawn, and an alarm can be given according to a set threshold, as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency deformation accumulation curve in an example of the embodiment of the invention.
The second is a relatively high frequency monitoring mode, which is used for deformation monitoring with short-term passing of motion load, for example, continuous for several minutes, shooting with 30 frames per second, at this time, the real-time transmission rate of the mobile phone channel is insufficient, video images can be recorded first, after several minutes of motion load passes, image data transmission can be performed by using the air-stop time, site computers can also perform batch processing, 6 degrees of freedom vector sequence values are drawn into curves, and the curves are provided for users to perform the next analysis of motion frequency and amplitude, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of high-frequency deformation curve in the example of the embodiment of the invention.
Based on the above method, the embodiment of the invention also provides a system for monitoring deformation of an engineering building, as shown in fig. 6, which is an overall structure schematic diagram of the system provided by the embodiment of the invention, wherein the system mainly comprises a target, a fixed pier, a video camera device, a communication network and a terminal image processing unit, wherein:
the target is arranged on a preselected monitoring point position on a building to be monitored;
The fixed pier is positioned on the ground, which is not influenced by the deformation of the building to be monitored, of the target for a certain distance;
a video camera device for monitoring is fixedly arranged on the fixed pier, and the target image is acquired through the video camera device;
And the acquired image information is transmitted to the terminal image processing unit through the communication network, the terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, and deformation displacement of the target is monitored, so that deformation monitoring of the engineering building is realized.
In a specific implementation, the targets on the monitoring points are set to be in a 3-dimensional form, and 2 planes of the targets in the 3-dimensional form are collected by the video camera device to form 2-dimensional image spots.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, a tele telescope can be further arranged on the video camera device, and a tele lens is used to set a fixed pier at a place which is not affected by deformation beyond a slightly long distance, so that higher pixel resolution is achieved. Such a device can be realized within 10m + -0.1 mm; within 100m + -1.0 mm; observation accuracy within 1000m + -10 mm.
The communication network can be a mobile communication network of a mobile phone end, so that the system can realize unattended continuous day and night observation, and data of observation points along the way are transmitted to a stable office place in a centralized manner to perform indoor data processing and application analysis.
It is noted that what is not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for engineering building deformation monitoring, the method comprising:
step 1, selecting a monitoring point position on a building to be monitored, and arranging a texture target on the monitoring point position;
Step 2, setting a fixed pier on the ground which is at a certain distance from the target and is not influenced by the deformation of a building to be monitored, and fixedly setting a video camera device for monitoring on the fixed pier;
Step 3, acquiring the target image through the video camera device, and transmitting the acquired image information to a terminal image processing unit through a communication network;
Step 4, the terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, monitors deformation displacement of the target, and realizes deformation monitoring of the engineering building;
The terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, and the process of monitoring deformation displacement of the target specifically comprises the following steps:
if the monitoring point position does not move relative to the fixed pier, the t frame and the t+1st frame of the target acquired by the video camera device will not have any difference, and the method comprises the following steps:
Gt(x,y)＝Gt+1(x,y)
Wherein G t (x, y) is the t frame image of the acquired target; g t+1 (x, y) is the t+1st frame image of the acquired target;
If there is a small relative movement of the monitoring point relative to the fixed pier, the relative movement has 6 degrees of freedom, which are represented by 6 elements, respectively S x,Sy,Sz,αx,αy,αz, and the relative displacement (Δx, Δy) is generated between the corresponding image points in the two frames of G t and G t+1, then there are:
Gt(x,y)＝Gt+1(x+Δx,y+Δy)
The following relationship exists according to the principle of photogrammetry:
Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the image signals, the following relations exist:
wherein H is the distance between the fixed pier and the monitoring point, f is the main distance of the camera, And/>Gray gradient x, y direction values of the image G t at the (x, y) points, respectively;
For a target image of m multiplied by n pixels, m multiplied by n equations can be obtained, and then the least square method is adopted to solve all equations, so that (delta S x,ΔSy,ΔSz) three linear micro-momentums and (delta alpha x,Δαy,Δαz) three angular micro-momentums can be obtained;
The three linear micro-motion amounts and the three angular micro-motion amounts represent 6 degrees of freedom micro-deformation values of the monitoring point position relative to the fixed pier in the time interval of t and t+1.
2. A method for deformation monitoring of an engineered building according to claim 1, wherein in step 1,
The pattern of the target is painted on the surface of the monitoring point of the building to be monitored by adopting paint.
3. A method for deformation monitoring of an engineered building according to claim 1,
When 3-dimensional displacement exists on the monitoring point, setting a target on the monitoring point to be in a 3-dimensional form;
The 2 planes of the target in the 3-dimensional form are collected by the video camera device to form 2-dimensional image spots.
4. The method for engineering building deformation monitoring according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, no texture target is set on the monitoring point, instead a video camera device for monitoring is set, and a target is set on the fixed pier of step 2.
5. A method for deformation monitoring of an engineered building according to claim 4,
The targets provided on the fixed piers can be replaced by stable ground buildings within a specific distance of the building to be monitored.
6. A system for deformation monitoring of an engineering building, the system comprising a target, a fixed pier, a video camera device, a communication network and a terminal image processing unit, wherein:
the target is arranged on a preselected monitoring point position on a building to be monitored;
The fixed pier is positioned on the ground, which is not influenced by the deformation of the building to be monitored, of the target for a certain distance;
a video camera device for monitoring is fixedly arranged on the fixed pier, and the target image is acquired through the video camera device;
Transmitting the acquired image information to the terminal image processing unit through the communication network, and carrying out matching detection of video images by the terminal image processing unit according to the acquired image information, and monitoring deformation displacement of the target to realize deformation monitoring of the engineering building;
The terminal image processing unit performs matching detection of video images according to the acquired image information, and the process of monitoring deformation displacement of the target specifically comprises the following steps:
if the monitoring point position does not move relative to the fixed pier, the t frame and the t+1st frame of the target acquired by the video camera device will not have any difference, and the method comprises the following steps:
Gt(x,y)＝Gt+1(x,y)
Wherein G t (x, y) is the t frame image of the acquired target; g t+1 (x, y) is the t+1st frame image of the acquired target;
If there is a small relative movement of the monitoring point relative to the fixed pier, the relative movement has 6 degrees of freedom, which are represented by 6 elements, respectively S x,Sy,Sz,αx,αy,αz, and the relative displacement (Δx, Δy) is generated between the corresponding image points in the two frames of G t and G t+1, then there are:
Gt(x,y)＝Gt+1(x+Δx,y+Δy)
The following relationship exists according to the principle of photogrammetry:
Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the image signals, the following relations exist:
wherein H is the distance between the fixed pier and the monitoring point, f is the main distance of the camera, And/>Gray gradient x, y direction values of the image G t at the (x, y) points, respectively;
For a target image of m multiplied by n pixels, m multiplied by n equations can be obtained, and then the least square method is adopted to solve all equations, so that (delta S x,ΔSy,ΔSz) three linear micro-momentums and (delta alpha x,Δαy,Δαz) three angular micro-momentums can be obtained;
The three linear micro-motion amounts and the three angular micro-motion amounts represent 6 degrees of freedom micro-deformation values of the monitoring point position relative to the fixed pier in the time interval of t and t+1.
7. The system for engineering building deformation monitoring of claim 6,
The targets on the monitoring points are arranged in a 3-dimensional form.
8. The system for engineering building deformation monitoring of claim 6,
And the video camera device is also provided with a tele telescope.
9. The system for engineering building deformation monitoring of claim 6,
The communication network is a mobile communication network of a mobile phone terminal.
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| CN109839073A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-04 | 上海数久信息科技有限公司 | A kind of the tunnel convergence deformation detection method and system of view-based access control model image |
| TWI730859B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-06-11 | 財團法人中興工程顧問社 | A single camera based interstorey displacement monitoring system for building structures and related method |
| TWI760813B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-04-11 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | Earthquake monitoring system and earthquake monitoring method |
| CN112883000B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-04-15 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Deformation monitoring radar data file storage method |
| CN116778094B (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳眸瞳科技有限公司 | Building deformation monitoring method and device based on optimal viewing angle shooting |
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