CN109082589B - A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109082589B CN109082589B CN201810959904.5A CN201810959904A CN109082589B CN 109082589 B CN109082589 B CN 109082589B CN 201810959904 A CN201810959904 A CN 201810959904A CN 109082589 B CN109082589 B CN 109082589B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
- B21B1/085—Rail sections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-strength tenacity guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent include: C 0.46~0.57%, Si 3.60~4.50%, Mn 4.5~5.1%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.2~2.7%, Cr 2.5~3.5%, Co 2.5~3.5%, remaining is Fe and impurity element.Present invention firstly provides the ingredient designs using high silicon, Gao Meng, high cobalt, the composition and institutional framework of steel are optimized, gained steel strength height, good toughness, it can meet to be oriented under rubber tire guide rail sharp radius curve, high shear and require, guarantee that rail is not broken, meet Urban Rail Transit Development demand, to solve urban congestion, reducing motor vehicle emission, the development for developing the novel public environmentally friendly mode of transportation in China provides support；And the preparation method being related to is simple, low energy consumption, is suitble to promote and apply.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ferrous Metallurgy and Material Fields, and in particular to a kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel and its preparation
Method.
Background technique
Rubber tire guide rail electric car is a kind of ground public transport tool, pushes train by rail-guided and electric power.With fortune
Can it is larger, noise is small, energy saving, ride comfort, the strong advantage of climbing capacity, big city can be used as subway, light rail plus
Close network can be used as traffic backbone in small and medium-sized cities.Since rubber tire guide rail electric car is strong compared with steel wheel rail electric car climbing capacity, at me
The city based on mountain area such as state southwest, more has wide practical use.
However, rubber tire guide rail electric car just starts to develop in China, rail play the guiding role in the process of moving, rather than
Support train and the Wheel Rail Contact operation that traditional rail plays the role of.Common rail material is generallyd use at present prepares rail,
It is only 10 meters the smallest (200 meters of railway smallest curve radius) but since rubber tire guide rail electric car turning radius is small, existing rail material
Poor toughness (20 DEG C of ballistic work KV2≤ 10J), the problems such as small curve radius is easy to happen fracture；And it is led on rubber tire guide rail electric car
Apply powerful guiding force to guided way on small curve radius to roller, existing hot rolled rail intensity it is low (tensile strength≤
1280MPa), it is easy to the problems such as causing broken rail.Therefore, further exploring has weight with high tenacity, high duty rails material
The research wanted and application value.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of with high-strength tenacity it is a primary object of the present invention to provide for deficiency existing for existing rail material
Guided way material, yield strength >=1900MPa, tensile strength >=2500MPa, elongation after fracture >=36%, -40 DEG C of ballistic works
KV2≥90J；Can effective guarantee rubber tire guide rail electric car operational safety, the development for rubber tire guide rail electric car provides technical support.
To realize above scheme, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent include: C 0.46~0.57%,
Si 3.60~4.50%, Mn 4.5~5.1%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.2~2.7%, Cr 2.5~
3.5%, 2.5~3.5% Co, remaining is Fe and impurity element.
Preferably, in the ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent include: C 0.5
~0.57%, Si 4~4.4%, Mn 4.8~5.0%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.4~2.7%, Cr 2.8
~3.4%, Co 3~3.4%, remaining is Fe and impurity element.
It is furthermore preferred that each component and its shared mass percent include: C in the ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel
0.57%, Si 4.35%, Mn 5.0%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.6%, Cr 3.2%, Co 3.3%,
Remaining is Fe and impurity element.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, including smelt, cooling controlling and rolling controlling process；Concrete technology
Condition includes: that continuous casting is carried out after converter smelting, and slab is in 460~680 DEG C of 1~3h of heat preservation, then with 0.6~0.8 DEG C/s's
Rate is cooled to room temperature；Slab is heated to 1200~1240 DEG C, is then rolled into guided way, and wherein finishing temperature is 850~900
DEG C, 220~240 DEG C of 1~3h of heat preservation are cooled to 10~14 DEG C/s cooling rate after rolling, are then air-cooled to room temperature.
According to ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel obtained by above scheme, Rp0.2>=1900MPa, Rm>=2500MPa, A >=
36%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work KV2≥90J；Metallographic structure is width of sheet 5-10nm carbide-free Bainite；With superhigh intensity,
Single track guiding role can be played to train operation, bear higher cross force and longitudinal force；It, can be by steel with good toughness
Rail bends to the sweep track less than 5m at room temperature, adapts to the narrow regional rail transit development in city.
Ingredient design principle of the invention are as follows:
Carbon (C): C is the essential element for improving hardness of steel, and with the increase of carbon content, the intensity of steel is increased accordingly, but with
The raising of carbon content, segregation is be easy to cause in continuous casting process, to lower the uniformity of rail overall performance；The present invention wants
Ask guided way should have it is high-intensitive have good continuous casting quality again, design steel carbon content it is unsuitable it is excessively high can not be too low, because
This controls C content target value 0.46~0.57%.
Silicon (Si): Si reduces austenite phase field to be dissolved volume morphing there are in ferrite or austenite；Silicon in the present invention
The element of Carbide Precipitation, has carbide in the paralympic mode of rich carbon when even more inhibiting to change,
Improve the toughness of steel；In existing steel, silicone content is usually 0.10~0.50%, and the steel grade of this content, Carbide Precipitation is more,
Reduce the plasticity of steel；And the present invention is by the way that the study found that raising silicone content, can inhibit the precipitation of carbide, raising silicon contains
Amount can make that retained austenitic film is precipitated among ferrite lath in angle steel and non-carbide, this institutional framework determine that it is super
High-intensitive and good toughness；The intensity of steel is improved simultaneously；Si content of the present invention is limited between 3.60~4.50%.
Manganese (Mn): manganese is solid-solution in ferrite or austenite, manganese strengthened ferrite or austenite；Manganese is good deoxidation again
Steel can be eliminated or be weakened to agent and desulfurizing agent because of brittleness caused by sulphur, so as to improve the processing performance of steel containing a certain amount of manganese；
Mn is generally less than 1.7% in existing steel, it is therefore intended that improves the intensity of steel；And the research of the invention finds that improve manganese content, can be bright
It is aobvious to postpone perlitic transformation, the ultra-fine bainite of sub-nanometer and a small amount of martensite, residual austenite can be obtained under conventional production process
Body tissue, therefore Mn content is controlled 4.5~5.1%.
S (sulphur), P (phosphorus): S, P are strong crack sensitivity elements, and S too high levels will form a large amount of MnS, and MnS exists
When solidification of molten steel easily crystal boundary be precipitated, be rolled into hot rolling it is band-like be mingled with, reduce the ductility and toughness of steel, therefore S
The lower content the better, and S content target value is controlled≤0.010%；P can be improved black brittleness transition temperature, make the low temperature of steel
Impact property declines to a great extent, therefore it is required that P≤0.010%.
Nickel (Ni): nickel and iron are infinitely dissolved, and it is the essential element to form stable austenite that nickel, which expands the austenitic area of iron,；
Nickel reinforced ferrite simultaneously refines and increases pearlite, improves the intensity of steel and the antifatigue power of steel, reduces just to the sensitivity of notch
Property, reduce the low temperature brittleness transition temperature of steel；So as to improve guided way in cold district service performance；But its content is lower than
It is unobvious to the fatigue behaviour effect of steel when 2.2%；Economy can then decline when higher than 2.7%, therefore the control of its content is existed
2.2~2.7%.
Chromium (Cr): having the function of obviously postponing perlitic transformation, while the intensity of steel and hardness can be made to improve；When Cr contains
When amount is greater than 2.50%, the harden ability of steel is significantly improved, the intensity and hardness of steel are greatly improved；When Cr content is greater than 3.50%
When, steel belt roof bolt brittleness significantly improves；Therefore the present invention controls the content of Cr 2.5~3.5%.
Cobalt (Co): addition cobalt element can substantially shorten soaking time, reduce bainitic transformation temperature, can keep the temperature tempering
Time was reduced to 3 hours or less from 72 hours.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1) present invention firstly provides the ingredient design means for using high silicon, Gao Meng, high cobalt, to the composition and knot of tissue of steel
Structure optimizes, and gained steel strength height, good toughness can meet and be oriented under rubber tire guide rail sharp radius curve, high shear
It is required that guaranteeing that rail is not broken.
2) guided way produced by the invention is able to satisfy Urban Rail Transit Development demand, to solve urban congestion, reducing vapour
Vehicle discharge, the development for developing the novel public environmentally friendly mode of transportation in China provide support.
3) preparation method of the present invention is simple, and energy consumption and preparation cost are low, is suitble to promote and apply.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the application schematic diagram of existing rubber tire guide rail Electric rail；1 is rail in figure；2 be ground, and 3 be fastener, and 4 are
Ground, 5 be rubber tire guide rail electric car directive wheel, and 6 be electric car contact site.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but it is of the invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent are as follows: C 0.55%, Si
3.62%, Mn 4.6%, P 0.009%, S 0.005%, Ni 2.2%, Cr 2.6%, Co 2.6%, remaining is Fe and impurity
Element；Its production stage includes the following:
1) proportionately set up meter separately and carry out converter smelting, continuous casting, slab size 320mm × 480mm；Slab in 570 DEG C of heat preservation 2h,
Then it is cooled to room temperature in insulation cover with the rate of 0.6 DEG C/s；
2) slab is heated to 1220 DEG C when steel rolling, carries out hot rolling, finishing temperature is at 850 DEG C；
3) 230 DEG C of heat preservation 3h are cooled to the rate of 12 DEG C/s after rolling, are air-cooled to room temperature after heat preservation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent are as follows: C 0.52%, Si
3.8%, Mn 4.9%, P 0.010%, S 0.006%, Ni 2.8%, Cr 2.9%, Co 2.8%, remaining is Fe and impurity
Element；Its production stage includes the following:
1) proportionately set up meter separately and carry out converter smelting, continuous casting, slab size 320mm × 420mm；Slab in 620 DEG C of heat preservation 2h,
Then it is cooled to room temperature in insulation cover with the rate of 0.7 DEG C/s；
2) slab is heated to 1220 DEG C when steel rolling, carries out hot rolling, finishing temperature is at 870 DEG C；
3) 220 DEG C of heat preservation 2h are cooled to the rate of 13 DEG C/s after rolling, are air-cooled to room temperature after heat preservation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent are as follows: C 0.57%, Si
4.35%, Mn 5.0%, P 0.010%, S 0.002%, Ni 2.6%, Cr 3.2%, Co 3.3%, remaining is Fe and impurity
Element；Its production stage includes the following:
1) proportionately set up meter separately and carry out converter smelting, continuous casting, slab size 320mm × 420mm；Slab in 480 DEG C of heat preservation 2h,
Then it is cooled to room temperature in insulation cover with the rate of 0.6 DEG C/s；
2) slab is heated to 1220 DEG C when steel rolling, carries out hot rolling, finishing temperature is at 860 DEG C；
3) 240 DEG C of heat preservation 1h are cooled to the rate of 14 DEG C/s after rolling, are air-cooled to room temperature after heat preservation.
Comparative example 1
U75V rail in TB/T 2344-2012 standard, each component and its shared mass percent are as follows: C 0.75%, Si
0.6%, Mn 0.95%, P 0.010%, S 0.006%, V 0.06%, remaining is Fe and impurity element；Its production stage packet
It includes as follows:
1) proportionately set up meter separately and carry out converter smelting, continuous casting, slab size 280mm × 380mm；Slab is with the rate of 1 DEG C/s
It is cooled to room temperature；
2) slab is heated to 1280 DEG C when steel rolling, carries out hot rolling, finishing temperature control is at 900 DEG C；
3) natural air cooling is to room temperature after rolling.
Comparative example 2
U71MN rail in TB/T 2344-2012 standard, each component and its shared mass percent are as follows: C 0.71%, Si
0.4%, Mn 0.90%, P 0.010%, S 0.005%, remaining is Fe and impurity element；Its production stage includes the following:
1) proportionately set up meter separately and carry out converter smelting, continuous casting, slab size 280mm × 380mm；Slab is with the speed of 1.5 DEG C/s
Rate is cooled to room temperature；
2) slab is heated to 1280 DEG C when steel rolling, then carries out hot rolling, finishing temperature control is at 910 DEG C；
3) natural air cooling is to room temperature after rolling.
Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1,2 gained rail materials are tested into mechanical property etc. respectively, and test result is shown in respectively
Table 1.
The comprehensive performance testing result of table 1 embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and comparative example 1,2 gained steel
| Steel | Specification | Rp0.2/MPa | Rm/MPa | A/% | -40℃/KV2(J) |
| Embodiment 1 | 43kg/m | 1990 | 2520 | 40 | 98 |
| Embodiment 2 | 38kg/m | 2010 | 2590 | 39 | 99 |
| Embodiment 3 | 33kg/m | 2230 | 2610 | 37 | 102 |
| Comparative example 1 | 43kg/m | 660 | 1020 | 10 | 6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 43kg/m | 620 | 910 | 11 | 7 |
The above results show: the Rp of present invention gained steel0.2>=1900MPa, Rm>=2500MPa, A >=36%, -40 DEG C
Ballistic work KV2≥90J；And the carbide-free Bainite that the metallographic structure of present invention gained steel is width of sheet 5-10nm.
Gained steel of the invention have both excellent intensity and toughness, can meet rubber tire guide rail sharp radius curve, high shear force
Lower guiding of effect etc. requires, can effective guarantee rubber tire guide rail electric car operational safety, the development for rubber tire guide rail electric car provides technology
Support.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate made example, and is not the limitation to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious variation or change therefore amplified
It moves within still in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, each component and its shared mass percent include: C 0.46~0.57%,
Si3.60~4.50%, Mn 4.5~5.1%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.2~2.7%, Cr 2.5~
3.5%, 2.5~3.5% Co, remaining is Fe and impurity element；Its Rp0.2>=1900MPa, Rm>=2500MPa, A >=36% ,-
40 DEG C of ballistic work KV2≥90J；Metallographic structure is the carbide-free Bainite of width of sheet 5-10nm.
2. ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each component and its shared quality hundred
Dividing ratio includes: C 0.5~0.57%, Si 4~4.4%, Mn 4.8~5.0%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.4
~2.7%, Cr 2.8~3.4%, Co 3~3.4%, remaining is Fe and impurity element.
3. ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each component and its shared quality hundred
Point than include: C 0.57%, Si 4.35%, Mn 5.0%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, Ni 2.6%, Cr 3.2%,
Co 3.3%, remaining is Fe and impurity element.
4. the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 3 ultra-high strength and toughness guided way steel, which is characterized in that including smelting
Refining, cooling controlling and rolling controlling process；Concrete technology condition includes: that continuous casting is carried out after converter smelting, slab 460~680 DEG C keep the temperature 1~
Then 3h is cooled to room temperature with the rate of 0.6~0.8 DEG C/s；Slab is heated to 1200~1240 DEG C, is then rolled into guiding
Rail, wherein finishing temperature is 850~900 DEG C, is cooled to 220~240 DEG C of 1~3h of heat preservation after rolling with the rate of 10~14 DEG C/s,
Then it is air-cooled to room temperature.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS58107412A (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1983-06-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of high tensile strength steel with high ductility |
| JPH09316598A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-12-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | Pearlitic rail, excellent in wear resistance and weldability, and its production |
| CN101880822B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-05-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Hot rolled high-ductility carbon steel for passenger traffic steel rails |
| CN102747272B (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-08-27 | 攀枝花贝氏体耐磨管道有限公司 | B-P-T steel tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN106917055B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-09 | 北京科技大学 | Tough automobile steel of a kind of third generation height and preparation method thereof |
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