CN109081669A - A kind of heat-insulating composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of heat-insulating composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109081669A CN109081669A CN201811280596.XA CN201811280596A CN109081669A CN 109081669 A CN109081669 A CN 109081669A CN 201811280596 A CN201811280596 A CN 201811280596A CN 109081669 A CN109081669 A CN 109081669A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of gypsum, 30-40 parts of flyash, 5-15 parts of fire retardant, 15-30 parts of inorganic binder, 15-30 parts of surfactant, 50-100 parts of aerosil, 20-40 parts of lignocellulosic, 30-60 parts of aluminum nitrate, 90-180 parts of urea；Heat-insulating composite material prepared by the present invention not only has fire line, hydrophobicity and heat-insulation and heat-preservation, also increases the mechanical performance of composite material；Preparation method simple process of the invention, controllability is good, easy to operate, function admirable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of polymer materials more particularly to a kind of heat-insulating composite material and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
Currently, building energy conservation oneself become the important link that China implements energy conservation strategy, building energy conservation is reflected in wall
On, it is exactly that isothermal holding is carried out to masonry wall structure, the architectural exterior insulation material of China market prevalence is mainly EPS at present
(molding styrofoam), XPS (extruded polystyrene board) and PU (polyurethane), are substantially " can not reach A grades " organic heat-insulatings
Material.Due to the generation of a lot of building heat preservation event of fire in recent years, the fire protecting performance of thermal insulation material causes all circles in the industry
Pay much attention to, though currently used inorganic heat insulation material such as rock wool, thermal insulation mortar can play certain heat insulation effect, exists
The disadvantages of heat insulation effect is undesirable, construction is inconvenient.Such as: rock wool belongs to A grades of fire prevention but water imbibition is high, is easy water suction to lead
Heat insulation effect failure is caused, flyash and other some inorganic heat insulation mortars all have A grades of fire prevention, but thermal coefficient is not easily-controllable
System, and flyash is that the industrial waste of steam power plant's large coal-fired boiler due to the discharge of flyash seriously polluted ring
Border, destroys the ecological balance, and the comprehensive utilization of flyash is the problem studied for many years.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of heat-insulating composite material and its system
Preparation Method, and fire prevention low using heat preserving and insulating material intensity height, the thermal coefficient of this method production, waterproof performance are good.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of gypsum, 30-40 parts of flyash, fire-retardant
5-15 parts of agent, 15-30 parts of inorganic binder, 15-30 parts of surfactant, 50-100 parts of aerosil, wood fibre
20-40 parts plain, 30-60 parts of aluminum nitrate, 90-180 parts of urea.
Further proportion optimizing is as follows, the raw material including following parts by weight: 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, fire retardant
10 parts, 24 parts of inorganic binder, 24 parts of surfactant, 80 parts of aerosil, 30 parts of lignocellulosic, aluminum nitrate 45
Part, 135 parts of urea.
Further, the fire retardant be preferably in aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and anhydrous zinc borate extremely
Few one kind.
Further, the inorganic binder is preferably at least one in magnesium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, aluminium borate and line borate
Kind.
Further, the surfactant is straight chained alkyl cationic surfactant, preferably dodecyl front three
In ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
It is at least one.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing gypsum, flyash, fire retardant, inorganic binder and surfactant in proportion, it is added to the water with slurrying
Material, stirs evenly, obtains mixed slurry A, and mixed slurry A is imported in mold and is press-formed, the module obtained after extrusion forming
It is put into baking oven and dries, obtain plate A；
Step 2: weighing aluminum nitrate and urea in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving continuously adds wood fibre in the solution
Then element, ultrasonic 3-5h move entirely into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, are put into air dry oven, it is heated to 160~
190 DEG C of reactions 12~for 24 hours, obtained product is washed and is filtered, 80 DEG C of baking oven drying is put into, places into 450~550 in Muffle furnace
DEG C roasting 4h, obtain threadiness aluminium oxide；
Step 3: weighing the aluminium oxide of aerosil, inorganic binder and step 2 preparation in proportion, it is added to the water and matches
Slurrying material, stirs evenly, and obtains mixed slurry B, and mixed slurry B is imported in mold and is press-formed, is obtained after extrusion forming
Module is put into baking oven and dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by adhesive on the two sides of the plate B to get to insulation composite wood
Material.
Further, the adhesive is epoxy resin adhesive or adhesive for polyurethane.
The beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are that
Heat-insulating composite material of the present invention, rationally, the gypsum in plate A has excellent sound insulation, heat-insulated and fire prevention to formula
Performance adds flyash, increases fire protecting performance, accomplishes waste utilization, reduces pollution of the flyash to environment, also adds in raw material
Fire retardant and surfactant etc. improve the fire protecting performance and hydrophobic performance of material；Lignocellulosic, nitric acid in the present invention
Aluminium, urea react in a kettle, make alumina growth on lignocellulosic, after high-temperature roasting, are left hollow fibre
The aluminium oxide of shape, plate A are mixed with by the aluminium oxide of aerosil and threadiness, make aerosil
It keeps increasing the mechanical strength of aerosil while prototype micro pattern and heat-proof quality；On the two sides of plate B
It is bonded plate A, the fire line, hydrophobicity and heat-insulation and heat-preservation of heat-insulating composite material had both been maintained, and had also increased composite wood
The mechanical performance of material；Preparation method simple process of the invention, controllability is good, easy to operate, function admirable.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to embodiment.Following embodiment is for illustrating this
Invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 50 parts of gypsum, 30 parts of flyash, aluminium hydroxide 5
Part, 15 parts of aluminum phosphate, 15 parts of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 50 parts of aerosil, 20 parts of lignocellulosic, nitric acid
30 parts of aluminium, 90 parts of urea.
Further, the gypsum is gypsum.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing 50 parts of gypsum, 30 parts of flyash, 5 parts of aluminium hydroxide, 8 parts of aluminum phosphate and dodecyl three in proportion
15 parts of ammonio methacrylate, it is added to the water preparation slurry, stirs evenly, obtain mixed slurry A, mixed slurry A is imported in mold
Pressurize 20MPa, and the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate A；
Step 2: weighing 30 parts and 90 parts of urea of aluminum nitrate in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving continuously adds in the solution
20 parts of lignocellulosic, then ultrasonic 3h moves entirely into crystallization in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, reaction kettle is put into
Air dry oven is heated to 160 DEG C of reaction 12h, after the washing of obtained product is filtered, is put into 80 DEG C of baking oven drying, places into
450 DEG C of roasting 4h in Muffle furnace obtain the aluminium oxide of threadiness；
Step 3: weighing the aluminium oxide of 7 parts of 50 parts of aerosil and aluminum phosphate and step 2 preparation in proportion, add
Enter and prepare slurry in water, stir evenly, obtain mixed slurry B, mixed slurry B is imported into mold the 20MPa that pressurizes, extrusion forming
The module obtained afterwards, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by epoxy resin adhesive on the two sides of the plate B to get to thermal insulation separation
Hot composite material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, anhydrous zinc borate
10 parts, 24 parts of aluminium borate, 24 parts of tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 80 parts of aerosil, 30 parts of lignocellulosic, nitre
45 parts of sour aluminium, 135 parts of urea.
Further, the gypsum is gypsum.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, 10 parts of anhydrous zinc borate, 12 parts of aluminium borate and the tetradecane in proportion
24 parts of base trimethyl ammonium chloride, it is added to the water preparation slurry, stirs evenly, obtain mixed slurry A, mixed slurry A is imported into mould
Pressurize 20MPa in tool, and the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate A；
Step 2: weighing 45 parts and 135 parts of urea of aluminum nitrate in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving continuously adds in the solution
30 parts of lignocellulosic, then ultrasonic 4h is moved entirely into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, reaction kettle is put into forced air drying
Case is heated to 170 DEG C of reaction 18h, after the washing of obtained product is filtered, is put into 80 DEG C of baking oven drying, places into Muffle furnace
500 DEG C of roasting 4h obtain the aluminium oxide of threadiness；
Step 3: weighing the aluminium oxide of 80 parts of aerosil, 12 parts of aluminium borate and step 2 preparation in proportion, it is added
Slurry is prepared in water, is stirred evenly, mixed slurry B is obtained, and mixed slurry B is imported into mold the 20MPa that pressurizes, after extrusion forming
Obtained module, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by epoxy resin adhesive on the two sides of the plate B to get to thermal insulation separation
Hot composite material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum, 40 parts of flyash, magnesium hydroxide 15
Part, 30 parts of magnesium phosphate, 30 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 100 parts of aerosil, 40 parts of lignocellulosic, nitre
60 parts of sour aluminium, 180 parts of urea.
Further, the gypsum is gypsum.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing 100 parts of gypsum, 40 parts of flyash, 15 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of magnesium phosphate and cetyl in proportion
30 parts of trimethyl ammonium chloride, it is added to the water preparation slurry, stirs evenly, obtain mixed slurry A, mixed slurry A is imported into mold
Middle pressurization 20MPa, the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate A；
Step 2: weighing 60 parts and 180 parts of urea of aluminum nitrate in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving continuously adds in the solution
40 parts of lignocellulosic, then ultrasonic 5h is moved entirely into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, reaction kettle is put into forced air drying
Case is heated to 190 DEG C of reactions for 24 hours, after the washing of obtained product is filtered, is put into 80 DEG C of baking oven drying, places into Muffle furnace
550 DEG C of roasting 4h obtain the aluminium oxide of threadiness；
Step 3: weighing the aluminium oxide of 100 parts of aerosil, 15 parts of magnesium phosphate and step 2 preparation in proportion, add
Enter and prepare slurry in water, stir evenly, obtain mixed slurry B, mixed slurry B is imported into mold the 20MPa that pressurizes, extrusion forming
The module obtained afterwards, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by adhesive for polyurethane on the two sides of the plate B to get to insulation
Composite material.
Comparative example 1
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, anhydrous zinc borate
10 parts, 24 parts of aluminium borate, 24 parts of tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 80 parts of aerosil, 30 parts of lignocellulosic, nitre
45 parts of sour aluminium, 135 parts of urea.
Further, the gypsum is gypsum.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, 10 parts of anhydrous zinc borate, 12 parts of aluminium borate and the tetradecane in proportion
24 parts of base trimethyl ammonium chloride, it is added to the water preparation slurry, stirs evenly, obtain mixed slurry A, mixed slurry A is imported into mould
Pressurize 20MPa in tool, and the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate A；
Step 2: weighing 45 parts and 135 parts of urea of aluminum nitrate in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving, ultrasonic 4h is then moved into
In polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, reaction kettle is put into air dry oven, is heated to 170 DEG C of reaction 18h, the production that will be obtained
After object washing filters, product is put into 80 DEG C of baking oven drying, places into 500 DEG C of roasting 4h in Muffle furnace, obtains aluminium oxide；
Step 3: weighing 80 parts of aerosil, 30 parts of lignocellulosic, 12 parts of aluminium borate and step 2 system in proportion
Standby aluminium oxide is added to the water preparation slurry, stirs evenly, and obtains mixed slurry B, and mixed slurry B is imported in mold and is pressurizeed
20MPa, the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by epoxy resin adhesive on the two sides of the plate B to get to thermal insulation separation
Hot composite material.
Comparative example 2
A kind of heat-insulating composite material, the raw material including following parts by weight: 80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, anhydrous zinc borate
10 parts, 24 parts of aluminium borate, 24 parts of tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 80 parts of aerosil, 30 parts of lignocellulosic.
Further, the gypsum is gypsum.
A kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described above, comprising the following steps:
80 parts of gypsum, 35 parts of flyash, 10 parts of anhydrous zinc borate, 24 parts of aluminium borate, tetradecyltrimethylammonium are weighed in proportion
24 parts of ammonium chloride, 80 parts of aerosil and 30 parts of lignocellulosic, are added to the water preparation slurry, stir evenly, obtain
Mixed slurry is imported in mold the 20MPa that pressurizes by mixed slurry, and the module obtained after extrusion forming, which is put into baking oven, dries, i.e.,
Obtain heat-insulating composite material.
The embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 heat-insulating composite material prepared is tested for the property, testing result is such as
Shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Inspection project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Compression strength/MPa | 1.50 | 1.65 | 1.58 | 1.45 | 0.91 |
| Thermal coefficient/W/ (mK) | 0.045 | 0.033 | 0.047 | 0.039 | 0.068 |
By testing result it is found that heat preserving and insulating material of the invention has the advantages that compression strength is high, thermal coefficient is low etc., by three
Embodiment and two comparative example comparisons are it is found that A plate, B plate, the structure of A plate combination bonding and fibrous aluminium oxide
Addition increase the mechanical strength and thermal insulation property of composite material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And
These are modified or replaceed, the spirit and model of technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of heat-insulating composite material, which is characterized in that the raw material including following parts by weight: 50-100 parts of gypsum, fine coal
30-40 parts grey, 5-15 parts of fire retardant, 15-30 parts of inorganic binder, 15-30 parts of surfactant, aerosil 50-
100 parts, 20-40 parts of lignocellulosic, 30-60 parts of aluminum nitrate, 90-180 parts of urea.
2. a kind of heat-insulating composite material, which is characterized in that the raw material including following parts by weight: 80 parts of gypsum, flyash 35
Part, 10 parts of fire retardant, 24 parts of inorganic binder, 24 parts of surfactant, 80 parts of aerosil, lignocellulosic 30
Part, 45 parts of aluminum nitrate, 135 parts of urea.
3. a kind of heat-insulating composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fire retardant is preferably hydrogen-oxygen
Change at least one of aluminium, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and anhydrous zinc borate.
4. a kind of heat-insulating composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inorganic binder is preferably
At least one of magnesium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, aluminium borate and line borate.
5. a kind of heat-insulating composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the surfactant is straight chain
Alkyl cationic surfactant, preferably dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl
At least one of trimethyl ammonium chloride and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
6. a kind of preparation method of heat-insulating composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: weighing gypsum, flyash, fire retardant, inorganic binder and surfactant in proportion, it is added to the water with slurrying
Material, stirs evenly, obtains mixed slurry A, and mixed slurry A is imported in mold and is press-formed, the module obtained after extrusion forming
It is put into baking oven and dries, obtain plate A；
Step 2: weighing aluminum nitrate and urea in proportion, soluble in water, stirring and dissolving continuously adds wood fibre in the solution
Then element, ultrasonic 3-5h move entirely into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stainless steel cauldron, are put into air dry oven, it is heated to 160~
190 DEG C of reactions 12~for 24 hours, obtained product is washed and is filtered, 80 DEG C of baking oven drying is put into, places into 450~550 in Muffle furnace
DEG C roasting 4h, obtain threadiness aluminium oxide；
Step 3: weighing the aluminium oxide of aerosil, inorganic binder and step 2 preparation in proportion, it is added to the water and matches
Slurrying material, stirs evenly, and obtains mixed slurry B, and mixed slurry B is imported in mold and is press-formed, is obtained after extrusion forming
Module is put into baking oven and dries, and obtains plate B；
Step 4: being bonded the plate A respectively by adhesive on the two sides of the plate B to get to insulation composite wood
Material.
7. the preparation method of heat-insulating composite material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the adhesive is ring
Epoxy resin adhesive or adhesive for polyurethane.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103101262A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-05-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | High temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104130004A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength block-shaped porous alumina nano-ceramic |
| CN107032724A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-08-11 | 贵州博斯图装饰设计有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of plasterboard |
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2018
- 2018-10-30 CN CN201811280596.XA patent/CN109081669A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103101262A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-05-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | High temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104130004A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength block-shaped porous alumina nano-ceramic |
| CN107032724A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-08-11 | 贵州博斯图装饰设计有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of plasterboard |
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| 刘家友等: "《土木工程材料》", 31 January 2015, 西安交通大学出版社 * |
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