CN109080175B - Microwave pressure forming method and device for composite material - Google Patents
Microwave pressure forming method and device for composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109080175B CN109080175B CN201811197604.4A CN201811197604A CN109080175B CN 109080175 B CN109080175 B CN 109080175B CN 201811197604 A CN201811197604 A CN 201811197604A CN 109080175 B CN109080175 B CN 109080175B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011415 microwave curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a microwave pressure forming method and a microwave pressure forming device for a composite material, wherein a wave-transparent pressure tank body is arranged in a microwave resonant cavity, and the composite material is arranged in the wave-transparent pressure tank body for heating, pressurizing, curing and forming, so that the problems that the microwave energy in the pressure tank body with a circular cross section is concentrated and difficult to regulate and control, and the stress at the sharp corner of a polygonal microwave cavity cannot bear the high pressure of gas are solved, and a technical support is provided for realizing the high-quality, high-efficiency and low-energy consumption curing and forming of high-performance composite material parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material forming device, in particular to a composite material microwave heating forming device, and specifically relates to a composite material microwave pressure forming method and a composite material microwave pressure forming device.
Background
The composite material has many excellent characteristics of high specific strength and specific modulus, good fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance, good integral formability and the like, and the application of the composite material on the airplane in a large amount can obviously reduce the structural weight of the airplane, improve the performance of the airplane, greatly reduce the number of parts, simplify the assembly process and shorten the manufacturing period. In recent years, the amount of composite materials used in aircraft has increased rapidly. The dosage of the composite material of the boeing 787 airliner accounts for 50 percent of the total weight of the airframe structure, and the dosage of the composite material of the airliner A350XWB airliner reaches 52 percent.
At present, the composite material is mainly formed by gas heat conduction and solidification. The thermal conduction curing method has problems that the temperature of the material in the thickness direction is not uniform, and a large stress is present in the cured material. In the actual production process, a plurality of heat preservation platforms are designed to ensure the temperature uniformity as much as possible at a very slow heating speed, and the problems of long heating time, low energy utilization rate and high energy consumption exist. Compared with a gas heat conduction curing technology, the microwave curing technology adopts electromagnetic waves penetrating into the composite material to directly convert microwave energy into heat energy, and has the advantages of high heating speed, small thermal inertia, high energy utilization rate, instant start and instant stop, selective heating and the like.
Research shows that the mechanical properties of the microwave curing composite material are all higher than those of the heat conduction curing composite material under the same vacuumizing and compacting state, but a large number of gaps exist in the microwave curing composite material only subjected to vacuumizing and compacting, the mechanical properties of the composite material cannot reach those of an autoclave curing composite material subjected to vacuumizing and compacting by high-pressure gas, and the industrial use requirements are difficult to meet. Therefore, a composite microwave pressure molding apparatus must be developed. However, the microwave pressure molding apparatus has a problem of microwave pressure coupling. On one hand, although the circular cavity can bear high pressure of gas, microwave energy is concentrated in the central area and is difficult to regulate; on the other hand, although the polygonal resonant cavity can realize relatively uniform microwave energy distribution, the sharp corners of the polygon have great stress concentration, and cannot bear high gas pressure. Aiming at the problems, the composite material microwave pressure forming device provided by the invention solves the problem of microwave pressure coupling by arranging the wave-transparent pressure tank body in the polygonal microwave resonant cavity, and provides technical support for realizing high-quality, high-efficiency and low-energy consumption curing forming of high-performance composite material parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing vacuumizing microwave curing device cannot realize pressure forming and is easy to generate gaps, and provides a composite material microwave pressure forming method.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:
a microwave pressure forming method of composite materials is characterized in that: a wave-transparent pressure tank body is arranged in the microwave resonant cavity, high-pressure gas in the wave-transparent pressure tank body is adopted to carry out gas compaction on the composite material packaged in the vacuum bag, microwave emitted by a magnetron is transmitted through a waveguide and is finally fed into the microwave resonant cavity through a crack antenna, and the microwave in the microwave resonant cavity penetrates through the wave-transparent pressure tank body to carry out microwave heating, curing and molding on the gas-compacted composite material.
The wave-transparent pressure tank body is circular in cross section and is made of a temperature-resistant wave-transparent material with pressure-bearing performance, and the temperature-resistant wave-transparent material is a polytetrafluoroethylene or glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
The microwave resonant cavity and the wave-transparent pressure tank are internally provided with a plurality of vacuum joints, and the composite material packaged in the vacuum bag is vacuumized and compacted by adopting a vacuum pump and a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline which are arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity.
An air compressor is used as a high-pressure gas generating device, compressed air is transmitted by a pressure pipeline and sequentially passes through a cooling dryer, an air storage tank and a regulating valve group to enter a wave-transparent pressure tank body, and composite materials packaged in a vacuum bag are compacted.
The safety valve and the pressure gauge of the wave-transparent pressure tank body are connected to the outside of the microwave resonant cavity through pressure pipelines.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a composite microwave pressure forming device is characterized by comprising:
a polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26, the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 is installed in the installation shell 30, the installation shell 30 is installed on the base 1, and a plurality of sets of microwave generating devices composed of magnetrons 9, waveguides 8 and slot antennas 34 are installed on the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26;
a wave-transparent pressure tank 31, the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 is installed in the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 through the supporting base 28, an object stage 24 is installed in the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, a vacuum bag 27 is placed on the object stage 24, the composite material 25 to be subjected to microwave heating forming is installed in the vacuum bag 27, the vacuum bag 27 passes through the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 and the installation shell 30 through a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline 21 and is communicated with a vacuum pump 23 installed on the base 1 so as to vacuumize the vacuum bag;
a compressor 33, the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor 33 is sent into the gas storage tank 6 through the gas inlet pipe 32 of the gas storage tank 6, the high-pressure gas of the gas storage tank 6 is sent into the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 through the gas inlet pipe 7 provided with the electric control regulating valve 4, so that the wave-transparent pressure tank body is filled with the pressure gas and compacts the composite material 25;
the temperature measuring device is arranged on the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 so as to monitor the surface temperature of the composite material heated by the microwaves in the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 in real time;
a circulating cooling system, which is mainly used for cooling the composite material 25 and the internal instruments of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26.
The wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 is provided with an exhaust pipe 12, a safety valve 13 and a pressure gauge 14, the exhaust pipe 12 is used for discharging the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 after microwave heating is finished, the exhaust pipe 12 is provided with a silencer 11 for reducing noise, the safety valve 13 is used for limiting the highest pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31, and the pressure gauge 14 is used for displaying the working pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 in real time.
The circulating cooling system comprises a gas cooling tower 2, a cooling gas inlet pipe 3, a cooling gas outlet pipe 5 and an electric control regulating valve 4, wherein the electric control regulating valve 4 is respectively arranged on the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and the cooling gas outlet pipe 5, one end of the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and one end of the cooling gas outlet pipe 5 are communicated with a corresponding interface of the gas cooling tower 2, and the other ends of the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and the cooling gas outlet pipe 5 are communicated with a corresponding interface of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26; after the electric control regulating valve on the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 is opened, cooling gas in the gas cooling tower enters the microwave resonant cavity through the cooling gas inlet pipe, cools the composite material and internal instruments such as the infrared thermal imager 15, and then flows back to the gas cooling tower through the cooling gas outlet pipe, so that the circulating cooling of the composite material and the internal instruments is realized.
The temperature measuring device comprises an infrared thermal imager 15 for measuring the temperature of the surface of the composite material, the infrared thermal imager 15 is installed in a metal shell 16 and fixed on a pressure-bearing convex plate 17, the metal shell 16 is fixed on the outer side of a wave-transmitting pressure tank body 31, the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 is fixed on the inner side of the wave-transmitting pressure tank body 31, germanium glass 18 is installed on the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 and fixed on the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 through a pressure-bearing cover plate 20, a metal shielding net 19 is installed from the bottom of the germanium glass 18 to the side wall of the metal shell 16 to ensure that microwaves cannot enter the metal shell to damage the infrared thermal imager, infrared rays emitted by the composite material penetrate through the germanium glass to enter the infrared thermal imager, and the surface temperature of.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the wave-transparent pressure tank body is arranged in the microwave resonant cavity, so that the problems that the microwave energy of the microwave pressure tank body with the circular section is concentrated and difficult to regulate and control and the stress at the sharp corner of the polygonal microwave pressure resonant cavity is concentrated are solved, and the high-quality, high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption curing molding of the high-performance composite material part is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite microwave pressure forming apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an infrared pressure coupling feed of the present invention;
in the figure: the gas cooling tower comprises a base 1, a gas cooling tower 2, a cooling gas inlet pipe 3, an electronic control regulating valve 4, a cooling gas outlet pipe 5, a gas storage tank 6, a gas inlet pipe 7, a rectangular waveguide 8, a magnetron 9, a gas pipeline 10, a silencer 11, an exhaust pipe 12, a safety valve 13, a pressure gauge 14, an infrared thermal imager 15, an infrared thermal imager 16, a pressure bearing metal shell 17, a pressure bearing convex plate 18 germanium glass, a metal shielding net 19, a pressure bearing cover plate 20, a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline 21, a vacuum joint 22, a vacuum pump 23, a carrier table 24, a composite material 25, a polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26, a vacuum bag 27, a support base 28, a pressure sensor 29 in the tank, a mounting shell 30, a wave-transparent pressure tank body 31, a gas storage tank gas inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1.
A wave-transparent pressure tank is arranged in a microwave resonant cavity, high-pressure gas in the wave-transparent pressure tank is used for compacting a composite material packaged in a vacuum bag, microwaves emitted by a magnetron are transmitted through a waveguide and are finally fed into the microwave resonant cavity through a crack antenna, and the microwaves in the microwave resonant cavity penetrate through the wave-transparent pressure tank to perform microwave heating curing molding on the compacted composite material. The wave-transparent pressure tank body is circular in cross section and is made of temperature-resistant wave-transparent materials with pressure-bearing performance, such as polytetrafluoroethylene and glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials. The microwave resonant cavity and the wave-transparent pressure tank are internally provided with a plurality of vacuum joints, and the composite material packaged in the vacuum bag is vacuumized and compacted by adopting a vacuum pump and a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline which are arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity. An air compressor is adopted as a high-pressure gas generating device, compressed air is transmitted by a pressure pipeline, the compressed air sequentially passes through a cooling dryer, an air storage tank and a regulating valve group and then enters a wave-transparent pressure tank body, and pressure compaction is carried out on a composite material packaged in a vacuum bag. The safety valve and the pressure gauge of the wave-transparent pressure tank body are connected to the outside of the microwave resonant cavity through pressure pipelines.
Example two.
As shown in fig. 1-2.
A composite microwave pressure molding apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
a polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26, the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 is installed in the installation shell 30, the installation shell 30 is installed on the base 1, and a plurality of sets of microwave generating devices composed of magnetrons 9, waveguides 8 and slot antennas 34 are installed on the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26;
a wave-transparent pressure tank 31, the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 is installed in the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 through the supporting base 28, an object stage 24 is installed in the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, a vacuum bag 27 is placed on the object stage 24, the composite material 25 to be subjected to microwave heating forming is installed in the vacuum bag 27, the vacuum bag 27 passes through the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26 and the installation shell 30 through a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline 21 and is communicated with a vacuum pump 23 installed on the base 1 so as to vacuumize the vacuum bag; in specific implementation, the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 may further include an exhaust pipe 12, a safety valve 13, and a pressure gauge 14, the exhaust pipe 12 is used to exhaust the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 after microwave heating is completed, the exhaust pipe 12 is provided with a muffler 11 for reducing noise, the safety valve 13 is used to limit the highest pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, and the pressure gauge 14 is used to display the working pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 in real time.
A compressor 33, the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor 33 is sent into the gas storage tank 6 through the gas inlet pipe 32 of the gas storage tank 6, the high-pressure gas of the gas storage tank 6 is sent into the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 through the gas inlet pipe 7 provided with the electric control regulating valve 4, so that the wave-transparent pressure tank body is filled with the pressure gas and compacts the composite material 25;
the temperature measuring device is arranged on the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 so as to monitor the surface temperature of the composite material heated by the microwaves in the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 in real time; the temperature measuring device is shown in figure 2 and comprises an infrared thermal imager 15 for measuring the temperature of the surface of the composite material, wherein the infrared thermal imager 15 is installed in a metal shell 16 and fixed on a pressure-bearing convex plate 17, the metal shell 16 is fixed on the outer side of a wave-transparent pressure tank body 31, the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 is fixed on the inner side of the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31, germanium glass 18 is installed on the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 and fixed on the pressure-bearing convex plate 17 through a pressure-bearing cover plate 20, metal shielding nets 19 are installed from the bottom of the germanium glass 18 to the side wall of the metal shell 16 to ensure that microwaves cannot enter the metal shell to damage the infrared thermal imager, infrared rays emitted by the composite material penetrate through the germanium glass to enter the infrared thermal imager, and the surface temperature of.
A circulating cooling system, which is mainly used for cooling the composite material 25 and the internal instruments of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26. The circulating cooling system comprises a gas cooling tower 2, a cooling gas inlet pipe 3, a cooling gas outlet pipe 5 and an electric control regulating valve 4, wherein the electric control regulating valve 4 is respectively arranged on the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and the cooling gas outlet pipe 5, one end of the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and one end of the cooling gas outlet pipe 5 are communicated with a corresponding interface of the gas cooling tower 2, and the other ends of the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 and the cooling gas outlet pipe 5 are communicated with a corresponding interface of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity 26; after the electric control regulating valve on the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 is opened, cooling gas in the gas cooling tower enters the microwave resonant cavity through the cooling gas inlet pipe, cools the composite material and internal instruments such as the infrared thermal imager 15, and then flows back to the gas cooling tower through the cooling gas outlet pipe, so that the circulating cooling of the composite material and the internal instruments is realized.
The details are as follows:
the microwave resonant cavity 26 can adopt a regular octagonal structure, a polytetrafluoroethylene wave-transparent pressure tank 31 with the diameter of 0.8m and the length of 1.5m is arranged in the microwave resonant cavity 26, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wave-transparent pressure tank is fixed in the microwave resonant cavity 26 through a supporting base 28. The pressure system is provided with an air compressor 33, an air storage tank air inlet pipe 32, an air storage tank 6, an air inlet pipe 7, an electric control adjusting valve 4, a safety valve 13, a pressure gauge 14, an exhaust pipe 12 and the like. An air compressor 33 is used as a high-pressure gas generating device, compressed air is transmitted by an air inlet pipe 32 of the air storage tank, and the compressed air sequentially passes through the cold drying machine, the air storage tank 6 and the regulating valve group 4 and then enters the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 to perform pressure compaction on the composite material 25 packaged in the vacuum bag 27. Any side length of the regular octagonal microwave resonant cavity 26 is provided with 2 sets of microwave generating devices, including a magnetron 9, a waveguide 8 and a slot antenna 34. The microwave generated by the magnetron 9 is fed into the microwave resonant cavity 26 through the waveguide 8 by the crack antenna 34, and the microwave in the microwave resonant cavity 26 passes through the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 to perform microwave heating curing molding on the gas-compacted composite material 25.
The cross section of the polytetrafluoroethylene wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 is circular, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wave-transparent pressure tank body is internally provided with a toughened glass objective table 24, a tank pressure sensor 29, a vacuum joint 22 and a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline 21. A composite material 25 is placed on the stage 24. The in-tank pressure sensor 29 measures the in-tank air pressure. The microwave resonance cavity 26 and the wave-transparent pressure tank 31 are respectively provided with 6 vacuum joints 22, and the composite material 25 packaged in the vacuum bag 27 is vacuumized and compacted by the vacuum pump 23 and the wave-transparent vacuum pipeline 21 which are arranged outside the microwave resonance cavity 26.
The safety of the pressure tank 31 is ensured by the safety valve 13 and the pressure gauge 14. The exhaust pipe 12 of the wave-transparent pressure tank 31, the safety valve 13 and the pressure gauge 14 are all connected to the outside of the microwave resonant cavity 26 through the gas pipeline 10. During pressure relief, high-pressure gas is discharged to the outside air through the exhaust pipe 12. The exhaust pipe is provided with a silencer 11 to reduce exhaust noise.
The size of the mounting case 30 is 2.5 (length) × 2 (width) × 2 (height) m3The material used is steel with a thickness of 5 mm. The installation shell 30 is internally provided with a regular octagon microwave resonant cavity 26 with the circumscribed circle diameter of 1.6m and the length of 2.0m, and is welded by 8 steel sheets with the thickness of 5 mm.
The surface temperature of the composite material 25 is measured using an infrared pressure coupling feed in conjunction with an infrared thermal imager 15. The infrared thermal imager 15 is arranged in the metal shell 16, and the structure of the pressure-bearing convex plate 17, the germanium glass 18 and the pressure-bearing cover plate 20 is adopted to bear the pressure in the tank, so that the pressure tightness of the wave-transparent pressure tank body 31 is ensured. The infrared rays emitted by the composite material penetrate through the germanium glass 18 and enter the infrared thermal imager 15, so that the purpose of monitoring the surface temperature of the composite material in real time is achieved. The metal shielding net 19 is arranged from the bottom of the germanium glass 18 to the side wall of the metal shell 16 of the infrared thermal imager, so that microwaves cannot enter the metal shell 16 to damage the infrared thermal imager 15.
The composite material microwave pressure forming device is provided with a gas circulation cooling system to controllably cool the composite material and internal instruments. The cooling system comprises a gas cooling tower 2, a cooling gas inlet pipe 3, a cooling gas outlet pipe 5, an electric control regulating valve 4 and the like. After the electric control regulating valve 4 of the cooling gas inlet pipe 3 is opened, cooling gas in the gas cooling tower 2 enters the microwave resonant cavity 26 through the cooling gas inlet pipe 3, cools the composite material and the internal instrument (such as the infrared thermal imager 15), and then flows back to the gas cooling tower 2 through the cooling gas outlet pipe 5, so that the circulating cooling of the composite material and the internal instrument is realized.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A microwave pressure forming method of composite materials is characterized in that: placing a wave-transparent pressure tank body in the microwave resonant cavity, performing gas compaction on the composite material packaged in the vacuum bag by adopting high-pressure gas in the wave-transparent pressure tank body, transmitting microwaves by a magnetron, transmitting the microwaves through a waveguide, finally feeding the microwaves into the microwave resonant cavity by a crack antenna, and performing microwave heating, curing and molding on the gas-compacted composite material by the microwaves in the microwave resonant cavity through the wave-transparent pressure tank body; the cross section of the wave-transparent pressure tank body is circular, and the microwave resonant cavity is a polygonal microwave resonant cavity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the wave-transparent pressure tank body is made of a temperature-resistant wave-transparent material with pressure-bearing performance, and the temperature-resistant wave-transparent material is a polytetrafluoroethylene or glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the microwave resonant cavity and the wave-transparent pressure tank are internally provided with a plurality of vacuum joints, and the composite material packaged in the vacuum bag is vacuumized and compacted by adopting a vacuum pump and a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline which are arranged outside the microwave resonant cavity.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: an air compressor is used as a high-pressure gas generating device, compressed air is transmitted by a pressure pipeline and sequentially passes through a cooling dryer, an air storage tank and a regulating valve group to enter a wave-transparent pressure tank body, and composite materials packaged in a vacuum bag are compacted.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the safety valve and the pressure gauge of the wave-transparent pressure tank body are connected to the outside of the microwave resonant cavity through pressure pipelines.
6. A composite microwave pressure forming device is characterized by comprising:
the polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26) is arranged in a mounting shell (30), the mounting shell (30) is arranged on the base (1), and a plurality of sets of microwave generating devices consisting of a magnetron (9), a waveguide (8) and a slit antenna (34) are arranged on the polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26);
a wave-transparent pressure tank body (31), the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31) is arranged in a polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26) through a supporting base (28), an object stage (24) is arranged in the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31), a vacuum bag (27) is placed on the object stage (24), a composite material (25) to be subjected to microwave heating forming is arranged in the vacuum bag (27), and the vacuum bag (27) penetrates through the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31), the polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26) and an installation shell (30) through a wave-transparent vacuum pipeline (21) and is communicated with a vacuum pump (23) arranged on a base (1) so as to vacuumize the vacuum bag;
the high-pressure gas generated by the compressor (33) is sent into the gas storage tank (6) through the gas inlet pipe (32) of the gas storage tank, and the high-pressure gas of the gas storage tank (6) is sent into the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31) through the gas inlet pipe (7) provided with the electric control regulating valve (4), so that the wave-transparent pressure tank body is filled with the pressure gas and compacts the composite material (25);
the temperature measuring device is arranged on the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31) so as to monitor the surface temperature of the composite material heated by the microwaves in the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31) in real time;
and a circulating cooling system for cooling the composite material (25) and the internal instruments of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26).
7. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the wave-transparent pressure tank (31) is provided with an exhaust pipe (12), a safety valve (13) and a pressure gauge (14), the exhaust pipe (12) is used for exhausting gas in the wave-transparent pressure tank (31) after microwave heating is finished, the exhaust pipe (12) is provided with a noise reduction silencer (11), the safety valve (13) is used for limiting the highest pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank (31), and the pressure gauge (14) is used for displaying the working pressure in the wave-transparent pressure tank (31) in real time.
8. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the circulating cooling system comprises a gas cooling tower (2), a cooling gas inlet pipe (3), a cooling gas outlet pipe (5) and an electric control regulating valve (4), the electric control regulating valve (4) is respectively arranged on the cooling gas inlet pipe (3) and the cooling gas outlet pipe (5), one end of the cooling gas inlet pipe (3) and one end of the cooling gas outlet pipe (5) are communicated with a corresponding interface of the gas cooling tower (2), and the other ends of the cooling gas inlet pipe and the cooling gas outlet pipe are communicated with a corresponding interface of the polygonal microwave resonant cavity (26); after an electric control regulating valve on a cooling gas inlet pipe (3) is opened, cooling gas in the gas cooling tower enters a microwave resonant cavity through the cooling gas inlet pipe to cool the composite material and the internal instrument, and then flows back to the gas cooling tower through a cooling gas outlet pipe to realize the circulating cooling of the composite material and the internal instrument.
9. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature measuring device comprises an infrared thermal imager (15) for measuring the temperature of the surface of the composite material, the infrared thermal imager (15) is mounted in a metal shell (16) and fixed on a pressure-bearing convex plate (17), the metal shell (16) is fixed on the outer side of the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31), the pressure-bearing convex plate (17) is fixed on the inner side of the wave-transparent pressure tank body (31), the germanium glass (18) is mounted on the pressure-bearing convex plate (17) and fixed on the pressure-bearing convex plate (17) through a pressure-bearing cover plate (20), metal shielding nets (19) are mounted from the bottom of the germanium glass (18) to the side wall of the metal shell (16) to ensure that microwaves cannot enter the metal shell to damage the infrared thermal imager, infrared glass emitted by the composite material enters the infrared thermal imager, and the surface temperature of the composite material is monitored in real time.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said internal instrument is an infrared thermal imaging camera (15).
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| CN201811197604.4A CN109080175B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Microwave pressure forming method and device for composite material |
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