CN1090723C - 液力偶合器 - Google Patents

液力偶合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1090723C
CN1090723C CN00802621A CN00802621A CN1090723C CN 1090723 C CN1090723 C CN 1090723C CN 00802621 A CN00802621 A CN 00802621A CN 00802621 A CN00802621 A CN 00802621A CN 1090723 C CN1090723 C CN 1090723C
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coupler
active chamber
inlet
pump impeller
working medium
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CN1336991A (zh
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沃尔特·赫林格
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Voith Turbo GmbH and Co KG
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Voith Turbo GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D33/00—Rotary fluid couplings or clutches of the hydrokinetic type
    • F16D33/06—Rotary fluid couplings or clutches of the hydrokinetic type controlled by changing the amount of liquid in the working circuit
    • F16D33/16—Rotary fluid couplings or clutches of the hydrokinetic type controlled by changing the amount of liquid in the working circuit by means arranged externally of the coupling or clutch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种流量控制的液力偶合器，其包括用于导入工作介质的由泵轮(3.2)和涡轮(4.2)形成的工作腔(5.2)。为了在100％滑差率时，甚至在传递大扭矩时，使工作腔能够完全充满，本发明提出了用于将工作介质引入工作腔(5.2)的入口(3.2.1)定位在所述工作腔(5.2)径向尽可能向外的点上。

Description

液力偶合器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液力偶合器，其具有共同形成环形工作腔的泵轮和涡轮。该工作腔用于容纳传递扭矩的工作介质，例如油或水。
背景技术
存在持续注满工作介质的液力偶合器-也称为定量液力偶合器。然而，还存在一种液力偶合器，其工作腔以可控制的方式可填注和排空-也称为流量控制和填注控制液力偶合器。本发明涉及的是后面所述的偶合器类型。这样一种偶合器由DE 197 06 652 A1公知。
液力偶合器用于将扭矩从驱动马达传递到工作机器，例如从电动机到磨床，或到输送设备。其中根据这样一种偶合器的工作特性，扭矩以非常灵活的方式从马达向工作机器传递。特别是在起动时，即在马达旋转而工作机器静止时，传递到工作机器的扭矩曲线只是缓慢地上升。若驱动马达是一电动机，那么后者会在无负荷状态下转动到其额定转速。
流量控制的液力偶合器特别多地在采矿业中应用。在这些场合，例如将它们接在电动机和输送带之间。这方面一重要的应用工况为所谓的链式-除渣输送带。在这里偶合器也用来确保平稳传递扭矩，而且不只是在起动相位，也在除渣输送带运转时，亦即在除渣输送带工作中碰到特别坚硬的材料的时候。
在此期间马达进一步发展。马达的倾覆力矩升高。而目前为止偶合器的结构型式不能提供这一升高的倾覆力矩，因此不能从马达传递足够程度的扭矩到工作机器。
发明内容
本发明基于涉及一种驱动装置为目的，该装置以下列方式具有马达和流量控制的液力偶合器：即，在起动操作时，即使工作机器载荷非常高，也有足够的扭矩从马达传递到工作机器。
这一目的由权利要求1所述的特征来实现。发明人特别发现：在所述的滑差率为100％的情况下，工作腔没有达到必要的充满。更确切地说只是达到部分地充满。
发明人还发现其中的原因是：就目前所知的流量控制的液力偶合器，工作介质在一较小的半径上输送给偶合器工作腔。只要工作腔还是空的，工作介质输送到工作腔就不成问题。然而随着充满程度的提高，工作腔内就产生一动压力。该动压力抵消输送介质的压力并越来越大地阻碍工作介质继续流入，因此工作腔根本不会完全充满。然而，工作介质进入工作腔的入口设置得径向向外越远，流入的工作介质的旋转压力越大。该较大的旋转压力能够克服工作腔内的流体压力。这样就能够完全充满工作腔，并因而使足够大的扭矩从马达传递到工作机器，如传递到所述的链式-除渣输送带。
其中入口不一定非得处在最大的半径上，即在工作腔的顶点。然而它应当位于工作腔的顶点区域内。
例如，由根据本发明的流量控制的液力偶合器结构，链式-除渣输送带即使在大量煤落到其收集区域的情况下，起动起来也不成问题。
附图说明
参照附图，详细说明本发明以及现有技术。具体地说，示出以下内容：
图1示出根据本发明的流量控制的液力偶合器的轴向剖面。
图2示出根据现有技术的流量控制的液力偶合器的轴向剖面。
具体实施方式
图1所示的偶合器为双联结构型式。
该偶合器具有驱动轴1和从动轴2。驱动轴1与第一泵轮3.1以不相对转动方式连接，另外还通过一圆柱形腔壁6与第二泵轮3.2连接。该第二泵轮3.2与圆柱形腔壁6以不相对转动方式连接。
从动轴2带有第一涡轮4.1和第二涡轮4.2。
叶轮对3.1、4.1和3.2、4.2一同形成相应的工作腔5.1、5.2。
这些所述的旋转部件由壳体7所包围。该壳体具有用于工作介质的壳体入口7.1和壳体出口7.2。该工作介质可以是例如水或油。
所谓的偶合器衬套(bushing)8以不相对转动方式连接在泵轮3.2上。该偶合器衬套与泵轮3.2一起形成一流动通道9。
对于本发明关键在于孔3.2.1。该孔在流动通道9和工作腔5.2之间建立起一导向连接。孔3.2.1可以平行于机器的轴线或者相对于机器轴线倾斜地延伸。另外它还可以设计成顺流的喷嘴状。
泵轮3.1配有一泄流阀(outlet valve)3.1.1。
工作介质由外环路(此处未示出)输送给偶合器。该环路以已知的方式包括有冷却器、调节器和其他已知的成套设备。
工作介质通过壳体入口7.1导入壳体中。然后工作介质在壳体内部径向向内流动几乎从动轴2那么远。从那里再进入流动通道9，通过横向孔3.2.1到达工作腔5.2内，从那里进入工作腔5.1，再从那里经过阀3.1.1流向壳体出口7.2。
在工作腔5.2的径向外部区域内的横向孔的结构-这里在该工作腔的顶点区域-能够使工作腔5.2还有工作腔5.1完全充满工作介质。
图2所示的已知的流量控制的液力偶合器的实施例中，也是一种双联-偶合器。它与根据本发明的偶合器的主要区别在于，进入工作腔5.2的入口3.2.1位于一非常小的半径上。这种情况下，工作腔5.2、5.1在滑差率100％和大载荷下完全充满工作介质是不可能的或者是很困难的。

Claims (4)

1.一种流量控制的液力偶合器：
带有泵轮(3.1、3.2)；
带有涡轮(4.1、4.2)；
带有与泵轮(3.1、3.2)以旋转上固定方式连接的驱动轴(1)；
带有与涡轮(4.1、4.2)以旋转上固定方式连接的从动轴(2)；
泵轮(3.1、3.2)和涡轮(4.1、4.2)一起形成环形工作腔(5.1、5.2)；
工作腔(5.1、5.2)紧接在工作介质的外部环路上，并具有用于将工作介质引入工作腔(5.2)的入口(3.2.1)；
包括以下特征：
设置有包围偶合器的旋转部件的壳体(7)，且壳体具有用于工作介质的壳体入口(7.1)和壳体出口(7.2)。
入口(3.2.1)位于工作腔(5.2)的最大半径区域内。
2.如权利要求1所述的偶合器，包括以下特征：
偶合器衬套(8)以不相对转动方式与泵轮(3.2)连接，并处于泵轮(3.2)的背面；
在偶合器衬套(8)和泵轮(3.2)之间形成流动通道(9)；
入口(3.2.1)在流动通道(9)的下游端和工作腔(5.2)之间建立起导向连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的偶合器，包括以下特征：
在双联结构中设有两个泵轮(3.1、3.2)及两个涡轮(4.1、4.2)，因此形成了各具有一工作腔(5.1、5.2)的子偶合器；
偶合器衬套(8)、流动通道(9)以及用于导入工作介质的入口(3.2.1)被指派给位于从动轴(2)附近的子偶合器。
4.如权利要求3所述的偶合器，其特征在于，壳体入口(7.1)基本上是设置在从动轴附近的子偶合器所处的那个轴向区域。
CN00802621A 1999-01-15 2000-01-12 液力偶合器 Expired - Fee Related CN1090723C (zh)

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DE19901296A DE19901296A1 (de) 1999-01-15 1999-01-15 Hydrodynamische Kupplung
DE19901296.2 1999-01-15

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CN1090723C true CN1090723C (zh) 2002-09-11

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EP (1) EP1141568B1 (zh)
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DE (2) DE19901296A1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2000042331A1 (zh)

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WO2000042331A1 (de) 2000-07-20
EP1141568A1 (de) 2001-10-10
DE50001856D1 (de) 2003-05-28
EP1141568B1 (de) 2003-04-23
US6698195B1 (en) 2004-03-02

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