CN109068057B - Automatic light following system based on accurate positioning - Google Patents
Automatic light following system based on accurate positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN109068057B CN109068057B CN201810957660.7A CN201810957660A CN109068057B CN 109068057 B CN109068057 B CN 109068057B CN 201810957660 A CN201810957660 A CN 201810957660A CN 109068057 B CN109068057 B CN 109068057B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
- F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
- F21V21/15—Adjustable mountings specially adapted for power operation, e.g. by remote control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/95—Computational photography systems, e.g. light-field imaging systems
- H04N23/951—Computational photography systems, e.g. light-field imaging systems by using two or more images to influence resolution, frame rate or aspect ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
- F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, which comprises: the follow spot lamp is arranged above the stage, faces the stage and performs follow spot operation on characters on the stage so as to attract the attention of audiences to the characters on the stage; the permanent magnet motor equipment is connected with the follow spot lamp and used for controlling the follow spot irradiation direction of the follow spot lamp based on the received relative position of the person; the real-time photographing equipment comprises a CMOS sensor, an edge pixel analysis unit, a fuzzy degree estimation unit, a zoom lens, a micro control motor and an image output interface, wherein the CMOS sensor is used for carrying out image sensing on the stage scene so as to obtain and output a corresponding real-time scene image; in the real-time photographing apparatus, the edge pixel analyzing unit is connected to the CMOS sensor, and is configured to receive the real-time scene image. By the invention, a plurality of characters on the stage can be automatically traced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic light following, in particular to an automatic light following system based on accurate positioning.
Background
The stage follow spot lamp is a lighting lamp commonly used in television studios and stages. The main use function of the stage follow-up light is to generate a bright light spot, which is a hard and solid aperture in the stage terminology and moves along with the movement of actors in a performance area, so the stage follow-up light is named as the stage follow-up light. The commonly used stage follow spot lamps are classified into a tungsten halogen stage follow spot lamp, a metal halide stage follow spot lamp and a xenon stage follow spot lamp because of different light sources:
the stage follow spot lamp with halogen tungsten lamp features simple structure, no need of ballast, convenient use, instant lighting when power is on, adjustable light, stepless adjustable brightness from 0-100, cheap price and low brightness. The 2KW halogen tungsten lamp stage follow spot lamp can only be used within a range within 25 m.
The luminous efficiency of the metal halide stage follow spot lamp is as high as more than 80 lumens/watt, so the brightness is higher than that of the tungsten halogen stage follow spot lamp, the range is also far, the HMI2500W stage follow spot lamp has the range of 50 meters, and the price is moderate. The disadvantage is that the lamp requires a preheating time of more than 3 minutes after starting to reach maximum brightness.
As the requirements of audiences on the level of program art are gradually improved, the performance scene is increasingly large, and the xenon stage follow spot is favored by users due to long range, high brightness and good light color. For example, a 3KW xenon stage follow spot lamp has a spot diameter of 3.7 meters and an illuminance of 4700 lux at a distance of 120 meters, which is very important for highlighting a person to be illuminated in an environment with bright background light, especially in a stadium or other large performance places, a long-distance follow spot exceeding 100 meters can only play such a role. In addition, the xenon stage follow spot lamp has another important advantage that the color temperature and the spectrum of the xenon stage follow spot lamp are kept unchanged during dimming, which is incomparable with the halogen tungsten stage follow spot lamp and the metal halide stage follow spot lamp.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of low precision of the current stage light following, the invention provides an automatic light following system based on precise positioning, under the condition that a plurality of characters exist on a stage, according to the received figure characteristics of the traced character corresponding to the current moment, a high-precision image processing mechanism is adopted to determine the relative position of the traced character, and the automatic light following of a specific character on the stage is implemented based on the relative position; an automatic self-adaptive binary threshold value adjusting mechanism is established, and particularly, the neighborhood-referenced image threshold value is adjusted, so that convenience is provided for subsequent image processing; on the basis of gradient analysis of pixel points, the fuzzy degree of the image is determined based on the edge line number statistics in the shot image, and the subsequent zooming operation is further triggered, so that the real-time photographing equipment is prevented from being affected by focus loss caused by various reasons.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic light tracking system based on precise positioning, the system comprising:
the follow spot lamp is arranged above the stage, faces the stage and performs follow spot operation on characters on the stage so as to attract the attention of audiences to the characters on the stage;
and the permanent magnet motor equipment is connected with the follow spot lamp and is used for controlling the follow spot irradiation direction of the follow spot lamp based on the received relative position of the person.
More specifically, in the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, further comprising: the real-time photographing equipment comprises a CMOS sensor, an edge pixel analyzing unit, a fuzzy degree estimating unit, a zoom lens, a micro-control motor and an image output interface, wherein the CMOS sensor is used for carrying out image sensing on the stage scene so as to obtain and output a corresponding real-time scene image.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system: in the real-time photographing device, the edge pixel analyzing unit is connected to the CMOS sensor, and configured to receive the real-time scene image, and perform the following processing on each pixel point in the real-time scene image: and determining gradient values of the pixel points in all directions based on the pixel values of the pixel points and the pixel values of the pixel points in the field, and determining the pixel points as edge pixel points when the gradient values in one aspect in all directions exceed the limit.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system:
in the real-time photographing apparatus, the ambiguity estimation unit is connected to the edge pixel analysis unit, and configured to receive each edge pixel point determined in the real-time scene image, fit each edge pixel point into one or more edge lines, count the total number of the one or more edge lines, send an image ambiguity signal when the total number of the one or more edge lines is lower than a preset number threshold, determine a difference between the total number of the one or more edge lines and the preset number threshold, and determine a corresponding ambiguity based on the difference;
wherein, in the real-time photographing apparatus, the greater the difference is, the greater the degree of blur is.
More specifically, in the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, further comprising:
in the real-time photographing device, the micro-control motor is respectively connected with the ambiguity estimation unit and the zoom lens, and is used for receiving the ambiguity and driving the zoom lens to perform corresponding displacement operation based on the ambiguity, wherein the larger the ambiguity, the larger the corresponding displacement amplitude of the zoom lens is;
in the real-time photographing device, the image output interface is respectively connected with the micro control motor and the CMOS sensor, and is configured to receive and output a real-time scene image output by the CMOS sensor after the micro control motor drives the zoom lens;
the automatic adjusting device is used for receiving the real-time scene image, determining the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image, partitioning the real-time scene image based on the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image to obtain a plurality of image partitions with the same size, and executing the following processing on each image partition: acquiring a binarization threshold of the image blocks based on an OTSU algorithm, acquiring each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks based on the OTSU algorithm, adjusting the binarization thresholds of the image blocks based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks to obtain adjusted thresholds of the image blocks, and outputting the adjusted thresholds of the image blocks; in the automatic adjustment device, adjusting the binarization threshold of the image block based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the image block neighborhood to obtain an adjusted threshold of the image block comprises: the higher the matching degree of the image block neighborhood image block and the image block is, the greater the influence degree of the image block neighborhood image block on the binarization threshold value of the image block is;
the block merging device is connected with the automatic adjusting device and used for receiving the plurality of image blocks and the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block, carrying out binarization processing on the image blocks based on the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block to obtain binarization blocks, merging the binarization blocks corresponding to the image blocks, carrying out edge fusion on the merged image to obtain a fused image, and outputting the fused image as a fusion processing image;
the data input equipment is used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the person to be traced corresponding to the current moment according to the current moment;
and the person positioning device is connected with the blocking and merging device and used for receiving the fusion processing image, and the data input device and used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the traced person, identifying the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image based on the body shape characteristics of the traced person, and determining the relative position of the person based on the relative position of the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system: in the person positioning apparatus, the relative position is a position of the traced person with respect to the stage.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system: in the ambiguity estimation unit, an image sharpness signal is issued when the total number of the one or more edge lines is higher than or equal to a preset number threshold.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system: each direction comprises an upper left direction, an upper right direction, a right left direction, a right direction, a lower left direction, a lower right direction and a lower right direction, and the edge line is a straight line or a curve.
More specifically, in the precision positioning-based automatic light following system: the smaller the degree of blur of the real-time scene image is, the greater the number of image blocks obtained by blocking the real-time scene image.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a follow spot lamp of an automatic light following system based on precise positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the automatic light following system based on precise positioning according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The stage follow spot lamp needs to be provided with a corresponding power supply device besides the lamp body and the bulb. The short-arc xenon lamp is filled with high-pressure xenon, the xenon cannot be ionized and ignited under the action of direct-current voltage of about 30V, a trigger is needed, the trigger can generate high voltage of 1 ten thousand V at the moment of switching on a power supply to ignite the bulb, the power supply is triggered to be automatically switched off after the bulb is ignited, and the bulb works depending on the direct-current power supply. The internal resistance of the direct current power supply is very small, so a variable resistor is required to be connected in series in a loop, the working current of the xenon bulb can be adjusted within a certain range by adjusting the variable resistor, and if the working current is too low, the electric arc can be self-extinguished or unstable, and the service life of the xenon bulb can be shortened.
In order to overcome the defects, the invention builds an automatic light tracking system based on accurate positioning, and can effectively solve the corresponding technical problem.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a follow spot lamp of an automatic light following system based on precise positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The automatic light following system based on accurate positioning according to the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the follow spot lamp is arranged above the stage, faces the stage and performs follow spot operation on characters on the stage so as to attract the attention of audiences to the characters on the stage;
and the permanent magnet motor equipment is connected with the follow spot lamp and is used for controlling the follow spot irradiation direction of the follow spot lamp based on the received relative position of the person.
Next, the detailed structure of the automatic light tracking system based on precise positioning according to the present invention will be further described.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, the method further comprises: the real-time photographing equipment comprises a CMOS sensor, an edge pixel analyzing unit, a fuzzy degree estimating unit, a zoom lens, a micro-control motor and an image output interface, wherein the CMOS sensor is used for carrying out image sensing on the stage scene so as to obtain and output a corresponding real-time scene image.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning: in the real-time photographing device, the edge pixel analyzing unit is connected to the CMOS sensor, and configured to receive the real-time scene image, and perform the following processing on each pixel point in the real-time scene image: and determining gradient values of the pixel points in all directions based on the pixel values of the pixel points and the pixel values of the pixel points in the field, and determining the pixel points as edge pixel points when the gradient values in one aspect in all directions exceed the limit.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning:
in the real-time photographing apparatus, the ambiguity estimation unit is connected to the edge pixel analysis unit, and configured to receive each edge pixel point determined in the real-time scene image, fit each edge pixel point into one or more edge lines, count the total number of the one or more edge lines, send an image ambiguity signal when the total number of the one or more edge lines is lower than a preset number threshold, determine a difference between the total number of the one or more edge lines and the preset number threshold, and determine a corresponding ambiguity based on the difference;
wherein, in the real-time photographing apparatus, the greater the difference is, the greater the degree of blur is.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, the method further comprises:
in the real-time photographing device, the micro-control motor is respectively connected with the ambiguity estimation unit and the zoom lens, and is used for receiving the ambiguity and driving the zoom lens to perform corresponding displacement operation based on the ambiguity, wherein the larger the ambiguity, the larger the corresponding displacement amplitude of the zoom lens is;
in the real-time photographing device, the image output interface is respectively connected with the micro control motor and the CMOS sensor, and is configured to receive and output a real-time scene image output by the CMOS sensor after the micro control motor drives the zoom lens;
the automatic adjusting device is used for receiving the real-time scene image, determining the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image, partitioning the real-time scene image based on the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image to obtain a plurality of image partitions with the same size, and executing the following processing on each image partition: acquiring a binarization threshold of the image blocks based on an OTSU algorithm, acquiring each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks based on the OTSU algorithm, adjusting the binarization thresholds of the image blocks based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks to obtain adjusted thresholds of the image blocks, and outputting the adjusted thresholds of the image blocks; in the automatic adjustment device, adjusting the binarization threshold of the image block based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the image block neighborhood to obtain an adjusted threshold of the image block comprises: the higher the matching degree of the image block neighborhood image block and the image block is, the greater the influence degree of the image block neighborhood image block on the binarization threshold value of the image block is;
the block merging device is connected with the automatic adjusting device and used for receiving the plurality of image blocks and the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block, carrying out binarization processing on the image blocks based on the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block to obtain binarization blocks, merging the binarization blocks corresponding to the image blocks, carrying out edge fusion on the merged image to obtain a fused image, and outputting the fused image as a fusion processing image;
the data input equipment is used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the person to be traced corresponding to the current moment according to the current moment;
and the person positioning device is connected with the blocking and merging device and used for receiving the fusion processing image, and the data input device and used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the traced person, identifying the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image based on the body shape characteristics of the traced person, and determining the relative position of the person based on the relative position of the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning: in the person positioning apparatus, the relative position is a position of the traced person with respect to the stage.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning: in the ambiguity estimation unit, an image sharpness signal is issued when the total number of the one or more edge lines is higher than or equal to a preset number threshold.
In the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning: each direction comprises an upper left direction, an upper right direction, a right left direction, a right direction, a lower left direction, a lower right direction and a lower right direction, and the edge line is a straight line or a curve.
And in the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning: the smaller the degree of blur of the real-time scene image is, the greater the number of image blocks obtained by blocking the real-time scene image.
In addition, CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor), which is known as CMOS in the Chinese scientific name, is an important chip in a computer system and stores the most basic data for system booting. The CMOS manufacturing technology is not different from that of a common computer chip, and mainly utilizes a semiconductor made of two elements, namely silicon and germanium, so that N (band-electric) and P (band + electric) level semiconductors coexist on the CMOS, and the current generated by the two complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted into an image by a processing chip. CMOS has later been processed to also serve as an image sensor in digital photography.
For portable applications independent of the power grid, CMOS technology, which is known for its low power consumption characteristics, has a clear advantage: CMOS image sensors are designed for 5V and 3.3V supply voltages. The CCD chip requires a power supply voltage of about 12V, and therefore a voltage converter has to be employed, resulting in an increase in power consumption. Integrating control and system functions into a CMOS sensor would provide another benefit in terms of overall power consumption: he removes all external connection lines to other semiconductor elements. Drivers with their high power consumption have been abandoned today because the energy consumed to communicate inside the chip is much lower than with external implementations through a PCB or substrate.
By adopting the automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, aiming at the technical problem that the stage figures are too many and the light following precision is poor in the prior art, under the condition that a plurality of figures exist on the stage, the relative position of the traced figure is determined by adopting a high-precision image processing mechanism according to the received figure characteristics of the traced figure corresponding to the current moment, and the automatic light following of a specific figure on the stage is implemented based on the relative position; an automatic self-adaptive binary threshold value adjusting mechanism is established, and particularly, the neighborhood-referenced image threshold value is adjusted, so that convenience is provided for subsequent image processing; on the basis of gradient analysis of pixel points, the fuzzy degree of the image is determined based on the edge line number statistics in the shot image, and the subsequent zooming operation is further triggered, so that the real-time shooting equipment is prevented from being affected by the focus loss caused by various reasons, and the technical problem is solved.
It is to be understood that while the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments thereof, it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (5)
1. An automatic light following system based on accurate positioning, the system comprising:
the follow spot lamp is arranged above the stage, faces the stage and performs follow spot operation on characters on the stage so as to attract the attention of audiences to the characters on the stage;
the permanent magnet motor equipment is connected with the follow spot lamp and used for controlling the follow spot irradiation direction of the follow spot lamp based on the received relative position of the person;
the real-time photographing equipment comprises a CMOS sensor, an edge pixel analysis unit, a fuzzy degree estimation unit, a zoom lens, a micro control motor and an image output interface, wherein the CMOS sensor is used for carrying out image sensing on the stage scene so as to obtain and output a corresponding real-time scene image;
in the real-time photographing device, the edge pixel analyzing unit is connected to the CMOS sensor, and configured to receive the real-time scene image, and perform the following processing on each pixel point in the real-time scene image: determining gradient values of the pixel points in all directions based on the pixel values of the pixel points and the pixel values of the pixel points in the field, and determining the pixel points as edge pixel points when the gradient values in one aspect in all directions exceed the limit;
in the real-time photographing apparatus, the ambiguity estimation unit is connected to the edge pixel analysis unit, and configured to receive each edge pixel point determined in the real-time scene image, fit each edge pixel point into one or more edge lines, count the total number of the one or more edge lines, send an image ambiguity signal when the total number of the one or more edge lines is lower than a preset number threshold, determine a difference between the total number of the one or more edge lines and the preset number threshold, and determine a corresponding ambiguity based on the difference;
wherein, in the real-time photographing apparatus, the greater the difference is, the greater the degree of blur is;
in the real-time photographing device, the micro-control motor is respectively connected with the ambiguity estimation unit and the zoom lens, and is used for receiving the ambiguity and driving the zoom lens to perform corresponding displacement operation based on the ambiguity, wherein the larger the ambiguity, the larger the corresponding displacement amplitude of the zoom lens is;
in the real-time photographing device, the image output interface is respectively connected with the micro control motor and the CMOS sensor, and is configured to receive and output a real-time scene image output by the CMOS sensor after the micro control motor drives the zoom lens;
the automatic adjusting device is used for receiving the real-time scene image, determining the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image, partitioning the real-time scene image based on the fuzzy degree of the real-time scene image to obtain a plurality of image partitions with the same size, and executing the following processing on each image partition: acquiring a binarization threshold of the image blocks based on an OTSU algorithm, acquiring each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks based on the OTSU algorithm, adjusting the binarization thresholds of the image blocks based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the neighborhood of the image blocks to obtain adjusted thresholds of the image blocks, and outputting the adjusted thresholds of the image blocks; in the automatic adjustment device, adjusting the binarization threshold of the image block based on each binarization threshold of each image block in the image block neighborhood to obtain an adjusted threshold of the image block comprises: the higher the matching degree of the image block neighborhood image block and the image block is, the greater the influence degree of the image block neighborhood image block on the binarization threshold value of the image block is;
the block merging device is connected with the automatic adjusting device and used for receiving the plurality of image blocks and the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block, carrying out binarization processing on the image blocks based on the adjusted threshold corresponding to each image block to obtain binarization blocks, merging the binarization blocks corresponding to the image blocks, carrying out edge fusion on the merged image to obtain a fused image, and outputting the fused image as a fusion processing image;
the data input equipment is used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the person to be traced corresponding to the current moment according to the current moment;
and the person positioning device is connected with the blocking and merging device and used for receiving the fusion processing image, and the data input device and used for receiving the body shape characteristics of the traced person, identifying the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image based on the body shape characteristics of the traced person, and determining the relative position of the person based on the relative position of the pattern of the traced person in the fusion processing image.
2. The precision positioning-based automatic light following system according to claim 1, wherein:
in the person positioning apparatus, the relative position is a position of the traced person with respect to the stage.
3. The precision positioning based automatic light following system according to claim 2, wherein:
in the ambiguity estimation unit, an image sharpness signal is issued when the total number of the one or more edge lines is higher than or equal to a preset number threshold.
4. The precision positioning based automatic light following system according to claim 3, wherein:
each direction comprises an upper left direction, an upper right direction, a right left direction, a right direction, a lower left direction, a lower right direction and a lower right direction, and the edge line is a straight line or a curve.
5. The precision positioning-based automatic light following system according to claim 4, wherein:
the smaller the degree of blur of the real-time scene image is, the greater the number of image blocks obtained by blocking the real-time scene image.
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| CN109068057A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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