CN109067428A - It is a kind of that frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code - Google Patents
It is a kind of that frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code the present invention relates to a kind of, bluetooth frequency hopping and RS code frequency hopping merge, specifically: one short sequence is first generated according to the globally unique ID of equipment room with the bluetooth kernel by transplanting, then on the basis of short sequence, new sequence is generated according to ID further according to RS code generator, sequence interference is finally set to reach smaller, and required cost is relatively low.In addition, a kind of method for proposing frequency point compression in the present invention, the method can be to be more convenient switching between radio-frequency apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of frequency hopping communications more particularly to a kind of jump is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code
Frequency method.
Background technique
Frequency hopping is one of most common spread spectrum mode, its working principle is that refer to receiving-transmitting sides transmission signal carrier frequency by
The communication mode of Discrete Change is carried out according to predetermined rule, that is to say, that carrier frequency used in communication is changed code by pseudorandom
Control and random jump and these frequency hopping signals have to comply with the requirement of FCC, use 75 or more frequency hopping signals and jump
The maximum time interval (Dwell Time) of frequency to next frequency is 400ms.However, using existing hopping scheme, equipment
It is larger with the sequence interference of equipment room, and higher cost.
Summary of the invention
Greatly reduce equipment it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind and equipment room sequence is dry
It disturbs, switching is more convenient between radio-frequency apparatus, lower-cost frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of frequency-hopping method that merges based on bluetooth kernel with RS code, first with the bluetooth kernel by transplanting according to equipment room
Globally unique ID generates a short-period sequence, then on the basis of short cyclic sequences, further according to RS code generator
New sequence is generated according to ID, and sequence interference is finally made to reach smaller.
Further, the length of the short cyclic sequences of the generation is controlled in 32 frequency points, and range 0-79 uses frequency point pressure
Contracting method is grouped frequency point and stores, and switches frequency point group as needed.
Further, the ID of 27bit is used to use the ID of 28bit as clock as the input ID of the bluetooth kernel
Starting；In order to reduce the serial correlation of adjacent two ID generation, input ID is judged, if it is odd number ID,
Input clock is set as originating from ID, if it is even number ID, input clock is set as away from input ID+320.
Further, specific step is as follows for the frequency point compression method:
Bluetooth kernel is used first, according to the ID of transmitter and receiver, 460 frequency points of output is rolled, with 32 for one
The mode of group passes through Filtering system later, obtains 10 complete different frequency point groups since the 1st frequency point, then by suitable
Sequence is stored into flash memory flash, and each device power-up will switch frequency point group, is taken out from flash memory flash and is put into memory ram
In, later with the regular frequency hopping of RS code in 32 frequency points, receiver also presses the same manner storage；And switches and sent out by transmitter
It rises, there is frequency point group and RS code information in the data frame of transmitting, slow jump can be entered if transmitter switches frequency point group receiver
Frequency models capture transmitter information, will parse frequency point group after capturing, be put into memory ram from taking out in flash memory flash, complete
At synchronizing process.
Further, in order to guarantee that the grouping does not repeat between each other, correlation 0, using a Filtering system
It is screened, Filtering system is as follows:
It selects 32 frequency points in order first and sets up first group of frequency point group, the frequency point group then come with 32 one group with front
It compares, if saved without identical；If any identical with wherein one group, then abandon；Take another group to come in order again
Comparison；Filtering system is exited until taking 10 groups enough；Enough 10 groups are not selected such as, but 460 frequency points have had stepped through, and will also move back
Out, retain the frequency point group compared.
Further, the regular frequency hopping of the RS code is as follows:
When selecting one group of frequency hopping point group frequency hopping, frequency hopping is each time all in accordance with RS code frequency-selecting rule frequency-selecting；Frequency-selecting rule is
One shift circuit, the primary displacement of frequency hopping triggering each time, newest one is calculated by each bit value with primitive polynomial,
Two bits combinations are selected using antithesis frequency band method and do exclusive or processing, obtain 5 bit numbers after doing Nonlinear Processing then in conjunction with ID
Then value is handled using wide interval and show that 5 final bit values are final frequency point subscript, then in the frequency point generated before
Corresponding frequency point is selected in group；Each 14 bit value of RS code is placed into transmission payload by launching opportunity；Receiver can be each
It receives transmission payload and solves RS yardage value therein, and calculate frequency point according to the same manner；It can be pushed away automatically under packet drop
It calculates the RS yardage value of next frame and calculates frequency point.
Compared with prior art, this programme principle and advantage is as follows:
Bluetooth frequency modulation and RS code frequency modulation merge, specifically: first with the bluetooth kernel by transplanting according to equipment
Between globally unique ID generate a short sequence, then on the basis of short sequence, generated further according to RS code generator according to ID
New sequence finally makes sequence interference reach smaller, and required cost is relatively low.In addition, proposing a kind of frequency point in this programme
The method of compression, the method can be to be more convenient switching between radio-frequency apparatus.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that frequency-hopping system frequency selects kernel schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is 79 jump system control amount figures；
Fig. 3 is the frequency pattern that frequency hop sequences device address is 56；
Fig. 4 is the frequency pattern that usable frequency number is 79 and length is 1000；
Fig. 5 is the frequency pattern that usable frequency number is 70 and length is 1000；
Fig. 6 is the frequency pattern that usable frequency number is 60 and length is 1000；
Fig. 7 is the frequency pattern that usable frequency number is 40 and length is 1000；
Fig. 8 is RS (16383,2) code hardware shift register circuit；
Fig. 9 is FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap process flow diagram；
Figure 10 is to the effect picture emulated after Nonlinear Processing without the RS code that wide interval is handled；
Figure 11 is the effect picture emulated to the RS code after Nonlinear Processing and by wide interval processing；
Figure 12 is the result figure of the Hamming autocorrelation of emulation；
Figure 13 is that the equipment that ID is odd number generates frequency hopping group schematic diagram；
Figure 14 is that the equipment that ID is even number generates frequency hopping group schematic diagram；
Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of entire blending algorithm；
Figure 16 is the Hopping frequencies statistical chart that RS code generates before merging；
Figure 17 is the Hopping frequencies statistical chart handled after merging after RS code generates with bluetooth kernel without wide interval；
Figure 18 is the Hopping frequencies statistical chart through wide interval processing after merging after RS code generates with bluetooth kernel；
Figure 19 is after merging with bluetooth kernel but without the RS code analogous diagram of wide interval processing；
Figure 20 is the RS code analogous diagram of wide interval processing after merging with bluetooth kernel；
Figure 21 is that Hamming autocorrelation merges frequency hopping analogous diagram；
Figure 22 is that Hamming cross correlation merges frequency hopping analogous diagram；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments:
It is a kind of described in the present embodiment that frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code, it is related to the jump of bluetooth kernel
Frequency algorithm and RS code hop algorithm, wherein the specific parsing of bluetooth kernel hop algorithm is as follows:
Bluetooth divides difference to 2.4GHz ISM band according to country variant, and frequency hopping obtained by Bluetooth system is counted also not
Together, some countries can get 79 frequency hopping points, some countries can only use 23 frequency hopping points, therefore bluetooth frenulum protocol definition
5 kinds of frequency hop sequences, Channel Hopping Sequence of the present embodiment only with wherein 79 frequency hopping points.
Bluetooth Frequency Hopping Sequence frequency-selecting principle is as follows:
The bluetooth kernel frequency hop sequences that the present embodiment uses are by the Bluetooth device flag (address main equipment Bluetooth
Low portion 28bit) it determines, the carrier frequency of each time slot is determined by the phase (i.e. timeslot number) of the time slot.Bluetooth equipment mark
Will totally 28,228 frequency hop sequences can be distinguished, quantity is very huge.Timeslot number is 27 main equipment CLK, and one complete
The frequency hop sequences duration be 227 × 625 μ s=23.3h.The range that any 32 continuous carriers cover in frequency hop sequences is extremely
It can be identical for reaching the addressing machine of each frequency of 64MHz less.
79 jump the frequency selection kernel of system as shown in Figure 1, control signal X determines to jump the state in segmentation 32；Control
Signal Y1And Y2It is main to from state for selecting, or to major state；Control signal A to D and determine sequence in segmentation, E and
F determines the mapping to Hopping frequencies.The interior kernel representation includes the register of Hopping frequencies.Generating the process of sequence table is even first
Number Hopping frequencies, are odd number Hopping frequencies later.
Selection course is suitable by an add operation, XOR operation, arrangement operation, second addition operation and register selection
Sequence is constituted.
A27-0Global Unique Device address from bluetooth equipment, and CLK27-1From system clock, frequency 1600Hz.27
Bit clock makes the update cycle of output sequence for 23.3 hours, and about one day.CLK1It determines reception and what is sent turns
It changes: working as CLK1When=0, clock is even number, and the frequency hop sequences selected are main equipment to from equipment；CLK1When=1, clock is odd number,
The frequency hop sequences selected is from equipment to main equipment.Because of Y1=CLK1, Y2=32 × CLK1So the forward direction of output frequency hop sequences
Be different backward, and it is non-conterminous difference 32；X determines the segmentation of 32 jump subsequences, and A to D determines segmentation intermediate-frequeney point
Sequence, output is mapped as 79 jump systems by E and F.Since the lowest order of X input is the low level CLK of 28 bit clocks2, so CLK1
(i.e. Y1) X just changes once twice for variation, that is to say, that (odevity time slot is relative to CLK for even timeslots and odd numbered slots1And
Speech, because not using CLK under continuous state0, so each clock is incremented by 2 directly to CLK when calculating frequency hop sequences1Behaviour
Make) X input is constant, then arrangement operation is also identical in the input of even timeslots and odd numbered slots.Control amount and company
It is as shown in Figure 2 to connect state.
The present embodiment improves bluetooth kernel input terminal.Its clock is not instead of since 0, from ID as start bit
It sets, but can guarantee that ID is also the data for taking 27bit, in order to reduce the serial correlation of adjacent two ID generation, to defeated
Enter ID and carried out a judgement, if it is odd number ID, input clock is set as originating from ID, if it is even clock, will be inputted
Clock is set as away from input ID+320.
Performance evaluation comparison and analysis:
Still using clock 2 since 0 in performance evaluation27The performance of bluetooth kernel is tested for end position.
Hamming autocorrelation:
The Hamming auto-correlation function Hs (τ) of sequence s (t) is defined as:
In formula,0≤τ≤N-1, N are the period of sequence s (t)；
Since the frequency hop sequences based on bluetooth are difficult to be indicated with a simple expression formula, so the present embodiment can only utilize
Some actual examples calculate Hamming characteristic.Fig. 3 is the frequency pattern that frequency hop sequences device address is 56, since the period is very long
Here only calculate at 1000 points.
By being calculated frequency hop sequences mean value: 12.3120.
Frequency in bluetooth adaptive frequency hopping sequence uniformly occurs, according to given frequency number and sequence period item
The relevant theoretical limit of Hamming, any Bluetooth Frequency Hopping Sequence S under partUDifferent autocorrelative average value reach minimum.Bluetooth is adaptive
The average autocorrelation normalized value of frequency hop sequences is
In formula, q is usable frequency number；L is the different autocorrelative normalized of the bluetooth adaptive frequency hopping sequence of interception
Value.
Fig. 4 is that usable frequency number is 79, the frequency pattern that length is 1000, normalization average value 0.0123.
Fig. 5 is that usable frequency number is 70, the frequency pattern that length is 1000, normalization average value 0.0138.
Fig. 6 is that usable frequency number is 60, the frequency pattern that length is 1000, normalization average value 0.0163.
Fig. 7 is that usable frequency number is 40, the frequency pattern that length is 1000, normalization average value 0.0247.
It is as shown in table 1 below with the comparison of correlative theses numerical value:
1
Since the data of pseudo-random sequence auto-correlation mean value are close, illustrate the bluetooth kernel and really indigo plant of this experiment transplanting
Tooth kernel is close.
RS code hop algorithm:
The pseudo-random sequence for being usually used in generating frequency hop sequences mainly has m-sequence, GOLD sequence and RS code etc..Wherein RS code with
Other pseudo-random sequences have good cross correlation compared to having the advantage that RS code is a kind of optimal nearly orthogonal code；
Compared with the m-sequence of same length, the alternative yardage of RS code is more；RS code is Maximizing Minimum Distance code (MDC), the property
FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap preferable for structural behavior is extremely beneficial, is not available for other many pseudo-random sequences；RS code
Hardware realization it is also relatively simple.Therefore generating frequency hop sequences with RS code is a kind of suitable selection.Early in state's the 1960s
Just there is scholar to propose to utilize extension RS code construction Families of Frequency-Hopping Sequences outside.
The basic principle of RS code is as follows:
RS code is that (BCH cyclic code is a kind of error correction for a kind of q member domain BCH cyclic code that length (or period) is N=q-1
Code), symbol is derived from galois field GF (q), wherein q=pm, and p is prime number.Characterization RS code most important parameter be code length L,
Information digit b and code distance d, these parameters are defined by error correcting code.
Code sequence length: L=q-1=2n-1；
Information digit number: b=n-d+1；
Code distance: d=n-b+1；
As b=2, RS (N, 2) performance is best, can construct optimal RS frequency hop sequences (pattern), guarantee any
Under frequency hopping case propagation delays, the frequency point of any two frequency hop sequences in one cycle is overlapped number and is not more than 1.The period of RS code gets over
Long, frequency hop sequences (pattern) performance of construction is better, but will increase the complexity of emulation and realization simultaneously, in order to meet certification
Demand and comprehensively consider.
The present embodiment selects N=214On the one hand -1=16383 is because based on certification demand, a certain Hopping frequencies are stayed
The time is stayed to add up to must not exceed 0.4 second within a frequency hop sequences period；On the other hand it is because being hereinafter converted into RS code
The frequency hop sequences of 5bit, the number of shift register take 5 multiple to can be convenient conversion and guarantee the uniformity of frequency hop sequences.
The codeword vector of RS (16383,2) code on GF (16383) are as follows:
Then generated numeral is
[1,a,a2,...,a16383]
The calculating of frequency hopping code is converted into the calculating of 16383 elements in GF (16383).The minimum of basis in GF (16383)
Multinomial is selected as formula 3.4 (hexadecimal 0x4A87), according to element algorithm in galois field, can derive in domain
16383 elements.
P (x)=x14+x11+x9+x7+x2+x1+1
Following rule is obtained by observation, and when highest order is 0, ring shift left obtains (low level mends 0)；When highest order is 1
When, (low level mends 0) obtains with 0x0A87 exclusive or after ring shift left.RS (16383,2) code is obtained according to above-mentioned minimal polynomial
Hardware circuit is as shown in Figure 8.
RS code nonlinear transformation:
RS (16383,2) code can control the Hopping frequencies that the pseudorandom of carrier wave is jumped, but controlled directly as frequency hop sequences
Number must satisfy 16383, this obviously cannot achieve in certification demand and practical RFIC engineering, it is necessary to certain transformation is done to it
It could use.Longer RS (16383,2) code is converted to shorter frequency hopping sequence using nonlinear transfer matrix method by the present embodiment
Column, as shown in following equation.The algorithm further increases the complexity of sequence, and is easy to realize in engineering.Simultaneously
In order to increase the anti-interference of sequence, wide interval processing is carried out to it using antithesis frequency band method.
L1X14×T14X5=N1X5
L in formula1X14Indicate RS (16383,2) code of 14bit, T14X5Indicate nonlinear transfer matrix, N1X5Indicate transformed
5bit frequency hop sequences, nonlinear transfer matrix appropriate is most important, it directly will affect the equal of constructed frequency hop sequences
Even property.
In order to guarantee that nonlinear transfer rank of matrix is 5,14 register-bits in Fig. 8 are divided into 5 groups, every group 2
Register-bit is all extracted at equal intervals: R0+R7 is one group, and R1+R8 is one group, and so on, select the value of 5 groups of register-bits to make
Exclusive-OR obtains 5bit sequence, then makees exclusive-OR with the 5bit User ID vector V of input, and obtain 5bit binary number Q
() is used as frequency hop sequences, goes the jump of control frequency.User ID vector V can be generated by the unique ID number of transceiver.
The processing of RS code wide interval:
Actual frequency-hopping system usually requires that realization given gap frequency -hop.Given gap frequency -hop refers to the time slot in adjacent frequency hopping
In the frequency interval of two carrier waves that emits be greater than some specified value, the system for having determined frequency hopping rate, by frequency hopping sequence
Column are designed to that wide interval is conducive to fight the interference of single-frequency narrowband, tracking interference and wide barrage jamming, are also beneficial to anti-multipath and decline
It falls.
According to engineering practice, in 2.4GHz the or 5.8GHz frequency bins of ISM, 64 Hopping frequencies are set.To make phase
The carrier wave interval of adjacent frequency hop time slot is greater than 30MHz, according to antithesis frequency band method, can divide 64 frequency hopping frequency point F for each 32 of left and right
Frequency point:
F1={ 2403,2404 ..., 2434 } or F1={ 5728,5729 ..., 5759 }
F2={ 2435,2436 ..., 2466 } or F2={ 5760,5761 ..., 5791 }
It designs following algorithm and generates the FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap for being based on RS (16383,2) code；According to algorithm shown in Fig. 9, first
The original state for arranging R0 to R13 is 00000000000001, and User ID vector V is 0x00, since V vector is 5bit, can be given birth to
At a different frequency hop sequences, sequence of packets is realized.Once represent a jump (is equivalent to a frequency hopping week to the every displacement of shift register
Phase), 32 frequency points if the jump range [0,31] of Q (i), on corresponding F1.Another range is that the variable W of [0,63] is successively right
Above-mentioned 64 frequency hopping frequency points are answered, that is:
F1={ 2403,2404,2405 ..., 2466 } or
F1={ 5728,5729,5730 ..., 5791 }
The generation of FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap is completed according to process shown in Fig. 9.I indicates hop count, and i >=1, D=10 indicate wide
Space-number.W is final FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap, fakes random jump by W controllable frequency.
After Nonlinear Processing, but it is as shown in Figure 10 without the effect that the RS code that wide interval is handled is emulated.
After Nonlinear Processing, and the effect that the RS code by wide interval processing is emulated is as shown in figure 11.
As it can be seen that wide interval processing is mainly to the big Mr. Yu of frequency interval of two carrier waves emitted in adjacent frequency hop time slot
Value as defined in a.
Performance simulation:
According to the method described above, the value range [0,31] of my 00000000000001, V of the original state of R13 to R0 is set,
32 different frequency hop sequences W1 to W32. are corresponded to when V (v4v3v2v1v0) takes the position 0-4 of ID (i.e. 00100), Ke Yifang
The Q1 value that the period is 16383 is really obtained, after given gap frequency -hop is handled.Corresponding FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap can be obtained:
W1=30,15,1,42,37,50,63,37,32,36,28 ..., 36,52,60,52,48,54,53,62,47,
33}
When V (v4v3v2v1v0) takes the position 0-4 of ID (i.e. 01000), it can emulate to obtain the Q2 value that the period is 16383,
After given gap frequency -hop is handled, corresponding FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap can be equally obtained:
W2=18,3,13,38,41,62,51,41,44,40,48 ..., 58,57,40,56,60,58,57,50,35,
45}；
Hamming correlation is the important indicator for measuring frequency hop sequences performance.Hamming auto-correlation indicates frequency hop sequences when opposite
Number is overlapped under prolonging with the frequency point of itself, Hamming cross-correlation indicates the coincidence time of two frequency hop sequences frequency points under relative time delay
Number, they have an important influence the interference free performance and multiple access networking performance of frequency-hopping system.Period is that the frequency hop sequences S of L exists
Hamming autocorrelation value when relative time delay is τ can be calculated by following formula:
The Hamming auto-correlation function Hs (τ) of sequence s (t) is defined as:
In formula,0≤τ≤N-1, N are the period of sequence s (t)；
The Hamming autocorrelation of emulation, as a result as shown in figure 12, when time delay is 0, sequence Hamming auto-correlation reaches peak value
1000, the present embodiment only counts 1000 points, because complete period data volume is bigger.When time delay position 0, sequence from
Correlation mean value reaches 31.0030.Compared with other papers, other papers emulate 1048575 points, and Hamming autocorrelation value reaches
It is close with the data of this experiment to 32767, about the 3.1% of sequence period, illustrate that the frequency hop sequences have good Hamming
Autocorrelation.
After bluetooth kernel hop algorithm and RS code hop algorithm are described in detail, calculated below for the fusion frequency hopping based on the two
Method:
The method of synchronization needs of bluetooth add equipment clock in data format, for adjusting the clocking error of equipment room,
The total length of bluetooth equipment load reaches 2871 (64 code words of 24 bit address comprising clock).And Common radio frequency module
Using frequency hopping, then method of synchronization different Bluetooth devices because its load is fewer are unable to switching equipment clock, therefore the present embodiment
Using waiting self synchronous mode, so short-period sequence can only be used, that is raw according to equipment clock for bluetooth equipment
At long period series do not use, therefore the method compressed of the short cycle of the present embodiment frequency point generates.
The adaptive improvement done for frequency-selecting kernel:
The particularity for stating radio-frequency apparatus first, using 5.8GHz radio-frequency module, software can rolling code setting equipment
ID, that is to say, that each equipment is globally unique ID.
Then a set of hopping scheme of each module design is directed to according to globally unique ID, it is ensured that between each equipment
Frequency point between interference it is minimum, therefore use bluetooth kernel as core algorithm.
Current embodiment require that controlling frequency point in 32 frequency points as short cycle, range 0-79 takes 10 groups 32 frequency points
Group, which is done, to be switched；And former Bluetooth sequence length is 268435455 frequency points, range 0-79.This is simplified for bluetooth kernel.
Adjustment about bluetooth clock:
There is provided frequency-hopping method for radio-frequency apparatus is mainly the uniqueness that protrude equipment room, and each equipment has global unique
ID, and ID is made of 5 bytes (40bit), and the present embodiment uses input ID of the ID of 27bit as bluetooth kernel, is used
Starting of the ID of 28bit as clock, complies fully with the requirement of bluetooth kernel.And ultimately producing out frequency hop sequences group all is only
As soon as, this achievees the purpose that generate different sequence groups according to different ID, so that will not interfere between each other between equipment.
Bluetooth kernel input terminal is improved.Make clock not instead of since 0, from ID as initial position, but
That can guarantee that ID is also the data for taking 27bit, in order to which the serial correlation of adjacent two ID generation is reduced, to input ID into
Input clock is set as originating from ID, if it is even number ID, input clock is set as by judgement of having gone if it is odd number ID
Away from input ID+320.Figure 13 and 15 is respectively that the equipment that ID is odd and even number generates frequency hopping group schematic diagram.
The above adjustment, mainly takes frequency point group to prepare to be following, continuously takes 32 10 groups of frequency point group totally 320 frequencies
Point, allowing odd number even number ID to be separated by 320 is a mechanism for avoiding repeating to do.
It is compressed about frequency point:
Specific step is as follows for frequency point compression method:
Bluetooth kernel is used first, according to the ID of transmitter and receiver, 460 frequency points of output is rolled, with 32 for one
The mode of group passes through Filtering system later, obtains 10 complete different frequency point groups since the 1st frequency point, then by suitable
Sequence is stored into flash memory flash, and each device power-up will switch frequency point group, is taken out from flash memory flash and is put into memory ram
In, later with the regular frequency hopping of RS code in 32 frequency points, receiver also presses the same manner storage；And switches and sent out by transmitter
It rises, there is frequency point group and RS code information in the data frame of transmitting, slow jump can be entered if transmitter switches frequency point group receiver
Frequency models capture transmitter information, will parse frequency point group after capturing, be put into memory ram from taking out in flash memory flash, complete
At synchronizing process.
10 groups of mutual not exclusively the same frequency point groups are selected from 0 (ID+0) -459 (ID+459) to save.
It is not repeated between each other to guarantee to select the 10 frequency hopping point groups come, correlation 0.With a Filtering system
It is screened, Filtering system is as follows:
It selects 32 frequency points in order first and sets up first group of frequency point group, the frequency point group then come with 32 one group with front
It compares, if saved without identical；If any identical with wherein one group, then abandon；Take another group to come in order again
Comparison；Filtering system is exited until taking 10 groups enough；Enough 10 groups are not selected such as, but 460 frequency points have had stepped through, and will also move back
Out, retain the frequency point group compared.
About why needing to select 10 groups, because equipment restarts and can once select one group and carry out frequency hopping, and equipment room is prevented
Interference has synchronizing information in transmission information, and corresponding jump can be switched to according to synchronizing information by emitting equipment and receiving device
Frequency group.
The regular frequency hopping of RS code is as follows:
When selecting one group of frequency hopping point group frequency hopping, frequency hopping is each time all in accordance with RS code frequency-selecting rule frequency-selecting；Frequency-selecting rule is
One shift circuit, the primary displacement of frequency hopping triggering each time, newest one is calculated by each bit value with primitive polynomial,
Two bits combinations are selected using antithesis frequency band method and do exclusive or processing, obtain 5 bit numbers after doing Nonlinear Processing then in conjunction with ID
Then value is handled using wide interval and show that 5 final bit values are final frequency point subscript, then in the frequency point generated before
Corresponding frequency point is selected in group；Each 14 bit value of RS code is placed into transmission payload by launching opportunity；Receiver can be each
It receives transmission payload and solves RS yardage value therein, and calculate frequency point according to the same manner；It can be pushed away automatically under packet drop
It calculates the RS yardage value of next frame and calculates frequency point.
Merge hop algorithm performance evaluation:
To a hop algorithm performance evaluation, it is broadly divided into the following aspects and goes to judge:
(1) hop algorithm has the uniformity of frequency point.
(2) hop algorithm has excellent Hamming autocorrelation.
(3) hop algorithm has excellent Hamming cross correlation.
The hopping scheme of radio-frequency apparatus is mainly it is required that equipment and the interference of the sequence of equipment room are minimum, therefore first use indigo plant
Tooth kernel generates a short sequence according to the globally unique ID of equipment room, and the orthogonality between this short sequence is relatively good, then exists
On the basis of short sequence, new sequence is generated according to ID further according to RS code generator, and this long sequence inherits RS code substantially
All features, since the interference free performance of frequency-hopping system is related with frequency hopping points, it is therefore desirable to make up for the first time generate sequence
Shorter disadvantage is arranged, the structure of entire blending algorithm is as shown in figure 15.
According to the method described above, the value range that the original state for R13 to R0 being arranged is 00000000000001, Q is frequency hopping
1 first frequency hopping point of group starts until the last one the frequency hopping point of frequency hopping point group 1, and the value range of Q is frequency hopping group 1 first jump
Frequency point starts until the last one the frequency hopping point of frequency hopping point group 2.
When V (v4v3v2v1v0) takes the position 0-4 of ID (i.e. 00100), it can emulate to obtain the Q that the period is 163831Value,
After given gap frequency -hop is handled [36].Corresponding FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap can be obtained:
Q1=42,76,54,37,44,60,40,72,54,9,48 ..., 60,64,72,64,48,66,53,74,43,5 }
When the position 0-4 that V (v4v3v2v1v0) takes ID constantly (i.e. 01000), can emulate to obtain the Q that the period is 163832
Value, after given gap frequency -hop is handled, can equally obtain corresponding FH Sequences with Given Minimum Gap:
Q2=18,78,33,62,9,74,23,9,68,52,48 ..., 52,56,48,56,72,58,25,50,7,41 }
Here to Nonlinear Processing after, after being merged with bluetooth kernel, but without wide interval handle RS code emulated.
If not merging with the short sequence of karyogenesis in bluetooth, the range of frequency is continuously between 0-31, and frequency pattern is then
Opposite concentration.If after being merged with short sequence, the range of frequency be it is discrete, be distributed in 0-79 that bluetooth kernel defines it
Between, frequency range is wider.
Here to the analysis of Uniformity of frequency point.The Hopping frequencies statistical chart (Figure 16) of RS code generation is looked first at, then is observed
The Hopping frequencies statistical chart (Figure 17) that RS code is handled after merging after generating with bluetooth kernel without wide interval, finally observes RS again
Hopping frequencies statistical chart (Figure 18) through wide interval processing after code merges after generating with bluetooth kernel.
A statistics is done to the quantity of each frequency point.Before not merged due to RS code, according to the frequency point ranges of 0-31, at one
The quantity of each frequency point of 0-31 is uniformly 512 points in period.And the frequency point that wide interval is handled is not done after merging but
Number, and each is 512 points, is the performance for not influencing RS code after explanation merges again.Frequency after wide interval processing
The uniformity of point is declined slightly, but frequency hopping point is more, and correlation is still constant.
Maximum change of Figure 16, Figure 17 and Figure 18 is that bandwidth gradually broadens, and frequency point is more, has more jamproof energy
Power.
Here to Nonlinear Processing after, after being merged with bluetooth kernel, but by wide interval processing RS code emulated.
Referring to Figure 19 and 21, Figure 20 is changed to by Figure 19, wide interval is used and handles.Figure 19 frequency point Relatively centralized is in 30-
60, and Figure 20 has been distributed to the frequency point of Relatively centralized the range of 0-79, so that frequency point is more evenly distributed.Therefore frequency after handling
Point distribution situation is better than RS code sequence itself, and observation frequency hopping pattern is more convincing than statistical magnitude.
The frequency-hopping system of one safety should have the performances such as good anti-interference, anti-multipath fading.For frequency hopping pattern
Speech, the main indicator for measuring its performance is hamming correlation.The hamming correlation of frequency hopping is merged almost such as RS code, referring to
Figure 21 counts 1000 points, and the autocorrelation value mean value of sequence reaches 31.0030.Compared with other papers, other papers
1048575 points are emulated, Hamming autocorrelation value reaches 32767, about the 3.1% of sequence period, the data phase with this experiment
Closely, illustrate that the frequency hop sequences have good Hamming autocorrelation.
Analysis to Hamming cross correlation:
The Hamming auto-correlation function Hs (τ) of sequence s (t) is defined as:
In formula,0≤τ≤N-1, N are the period of sequence s (t)；
Referring to fig. 22,1000 points are counted, the mean value of Hamming cross-correlation is 26.9, about the 2.69% of period.
Hamming cross-correlation illustrates the relationship of the otherness between the different sequence of two ID.Illustrate to touch between two sequences in figure
Hit that probability is relatively low, far below the cross correlation value in correlative theses.
The present embodiment merge by Bluetooth frequency modulation and RS code frequency modulation, specifically: first with the bluetooth kernel by transplanting
A short sequence is generated according to the globally unique ID of equipment room, then on the basis of short sequence, further according to RS code generator
New sequence is generated according to ID, so that sequence interference is reached smaller, and required cost is relatively low.In addition, in the present embodiment
A kind of method for proposing frequency point compression, the method can be to be more convenient switching between radio-frequency apparatus.
The examples of implementation of the above are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and implementation model of the invention is not limited with this
It encloses, therefore all shapes according to the present invention, changes made by principle, should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of merge frequency-hopping method based on bluetooth kernel and RS code, it is characterised in that: first with the bluetooth kernel by transplanting
Generate a short-period sequence according to the globally unique ID of equipment room, then on the basis of short cyclic sequences, further according to
RS code generator generates new sequence according to ID, and sequence interference is finally made to reach smaller.
A kind of frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code 2. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
In 32 frequency points, range 0-79 is grouped frequency point using frequency point compression method and stores for the length control of the short cyclic sequences of generation,
Switch frequency point group as needed.
A kind of frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code 3. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use
Input ID of the ID of 27bit as the bluetooth kernel, uses the ID of 28bit as the starting of clock；In order to by adjacent two
The serial correlation that a ID is generated reduces, and judges input ID, if it is odd number ID, input clock is set as from ID
Begin, if it is even number ID, input clock is set as away from input ID+320.
A kind of frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code 4. according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
Specific step is as follows for frequency point compression method:
Bluetooth kernel is used first, according to the ID of transmitter and receiver, is rolled 460 frequency points of output, is one group with 32
Mode passes through Filtering system later, obtains 10 complete different frequency point groups, then deposit in order since the 1st frequency point
It stores up in flash memory flash, each device power-up will switch frequency point group, it is put into memory ram from being taken out in flash memory flash, it
Afterwards with the regular frequency hopping of RS code in 32 frequency points, receiver also presses the same manner storage；And switch and initiated by transmitter, it is sending out
There are frequency point group and RS code information in the data frame penetrated, slow frequency hopping mode can be entered if transmitter switches frequency point group receiver and is caught
Transmitter information is caught, frequency point group will be parsed after capturing, is put into memory ram from being taken out in flash memory flash, completion synchronized
Journey.
A kind of frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code 5. according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Filtering system is as follows:
It selects 32 frequency points in order first and sets up first group of frequency point group, then done pair with 32 one group with the frequency point group of front
Than if saved without identical；If any identical with wherein one group, then abandon；Take another group to come pair in order again
Than；Filtering system is exited until taking 10 groups enough；Enough 10 groups are not selected such as, but 460 frequency points have had stepped through, and will also move back
Out, retain the frequency point group compared.
A kind of frequency-hopping method is merged based on bluetooth kernel and RS code 6. according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
The regular frequency hopping of RS code is as follows:
When selecting one group of frequency hopping point group frequency hopping, frequency hopping is each time all in accordance with RS code frequency-selecting rule frequency-selecting；Frequency-selecting rule is one
Shift circuit, the primary displacement of frequency hopping triggering each time, newest one is calculated by each bit value with primitive polynomial, is used
Antithesis frequency band method selects two bits combinations and does exclusive or processing, obtains 5 bit values after doing Nonlinear Processing then in conjunction with ID, so
It is handled afterwards using wide interval and show that 5 final bit values are final frequency point subscript, then in the frequency point group generated before
Select corresponding frequency point；Each 14 bit value of RS code is placed into transmission payload by launching opportunity；Receiver can receive every time
Transmission payload solves RS yardage value therein, and calculates frequency point according to the same manner；Under being calculated automatically under packet drop
The RS yardage value of one frame simultaneously calculates frequency point.
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