CN109067358B - Photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method based on shading battery number - Google Patents
Photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method based on shading battery number Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/36—Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
- H02S30/20—Collapsible or foldable PV modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
A kind of photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method based on shading battery number, constructs the photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework based on shading battery number first；Then the irradiance data in photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region and every block assembly shading battery number data are transmitted to photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre by communication network；Photovoltaic module is ranked up then according to the shading battery number of every block assembly, constructs alternative reconstruction and optimization structure；Photovoltaic module parameter, array structure and irradiation level, component shading battery number are finally combined, photovoltaic array is reconstructed using the maximum power point power of Computer Simulation alternative construction, and according to the structure for possessing peak power output.
Description
Technical field
Photovoltaic array reconstruction technology when irregular shade is met with the present invention relates to photovoltaic array in photovoltaic generating system, is belonged to
In technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Background technique
With the exhaustion of traditional energy, the raising of the increase of electricity needs and public environmental consciousness, the infiltration of renewable energy
Saturating rate is increasingly promoted.It is pollution-free, distribution is wide and the solar energy that easily obtains obtains a lot of pass in numerous renewable energy
Note, photovoltaic power generation is the principal mode that can be carried out effective use to the sun.Since the end voltage of single photovoltaic cell is very low, output
Electric current is smaller, several photovoltaic cells series connection post package is needed to carry out appropriate string simultaneously at photovoltaic module, then by a large amount of photovoltaic modulies
Photovoltaic array is formed after connection, thus output voltage and power needed for meeting.However, trees around practical photovoltaic system with build
The local shades that object is formed on photovoltaic array surface are built, the generating efficiency of photovoltaic system, or even damage light may be seriously reduced
Lie prostrate component.
Series-multiple connection structure (SP), bridge-type structure (BL), full connection structure (TCT) are all common photovoltaic array connection knots
Structure.Wherein, TCT is the most effective connection type for reducing shading phenomenon and influencing on photovoltaic efficiency.Hot spot is existing in order to prevent
As each straton string of TCT structure all can bypass diode in parallel.But the presence of bypass diode makes the photovoltaic battle array locally shaded
There are multiple peak values in column, output power-voltage (P-V) characteristic curve.Moreover, when the shape of shade becomes complexity, peak value
Quantity may also increase, need using more complicated MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm come the global maximum work of accurate tracking array
Rate point.Nevertheless, still having some photovoltaic modulies in array, operating point deviates the maximum power of its own, causes to lose
With power loss.Therefore, we can only reduce mismatch power loss by changing the topology of photovoltaic array.
In recent years, a variety of static or dynamic restructuring methods have been proposed to mitigate the mistake of photovoltaic array in scientific research personnel
With power loss.Shade is usually reduced to the shape of rule by these researchs, i.e., hides using part shading photovoltaic module as complete
The processing of negative component, this photovoltaic array nor optimum structure after calculated result can be made to generate sizable error, reconstruct.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will overcome existing photovoltaic array mismatch power loss due to caused by irregular shade and generating efficiency to drop
Low problem is utilized according to the shading battery number of various components in photovoltaic array in conjunction with photovoltaic module parameter, array structure
Computer Simulation quickly calculates the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array.The reconstructing method that the present invention uses is very simple, but can be with
Accurately and efficiently obtain the reconstruction and optimization scheme of photovoltaic array under the conditions of irregularly shading.
A kind of photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method based on shading battery number, it is characterised in that implement this method
Steps are as follows:
Step 1: constructing the photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework based on shading battery number；It is described based on screening
The photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework of negative electricity pond number includes photovoltaic array 1, can be by physics any in photovoltaic array 1
The photovoltaic module of position reconstructs to the switch matrix 2 of any electric position, realizes A/D conversion and calculate the optimal reconstruct of photovoltaic array
The photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre 3 of structure, the communication network 4 for transmitting signal, wherein photovoltaic array irradiance data and component
Shading battery number data are passed to photovoltaic array reconfigurable control center 3 by communication network 4, the action signal of switch matrix 2 by
Photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre 3 is passed to switch matrix 2 via communication network 4, switch matrix 2 can in photovoltaic array 1 group
Part physical location changes the electric position of photovoltaic module in the case where remaining unchanged, photovoltaic array 1 uses TCT structure；
Step 2: the photovoltaic module M for being in series with k block photovoltaic cell altogetherxy, by component MxyShading battery number be denoted as
Rxy, when photovoltaic array meets with part shading, detect the screening of the irradiation level and every block assembly of photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region
Negative electricity pond number, and the irradiance data in photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region and every block assembly shading battery number data are led to
It crosses communication network and is transmitted to photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre；
Step 3: irradiance data and every block assembly shading battery number data are considered, according to based on shading battery number
Photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method obtains the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 31: the initial electric connection structure for the photovoltaic array that size is m × n is denoted as EC0, physical location is in the
The photovoltaic module of x row y column is denoted as Mxy(x=1,2 ..., m；Y=1,2 ..., n), and by component MxyIn EC0In electric position
It is denoted as Cij(i=1,2 ..., m；J=1,2 ..., n), indicate component MxyOn the electric position of the i-th row jth column；
Step 32: assuming that RxyShared m × the c+d of ≠ 0 photovoltaic module (c=0,1,2 ..., n-1；D=0,1,2 ..., m)
Block, then according to RxySize, to m × c+d block photovoltaic module carry out descending arrangement, obtain sequence q={ Q1,Q2,Q3,…,
Qm×c+d, wherein element Q1R in corresponding m × c+d block assemblyxyMaximum component, element Qm×c+dCorresponding RxyThe smallest photovoltaic group
Part；
Step 33: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure；
Step 331: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C1: in electric position C11~C1(c+1)Place element Q1~Qc+1
Corresponding photovoltaic module, in electric position C21~C2(c+1)Place element Qc+2~Q2×(c+1)Corresponding component, so arranges d altogether
Row；Then in electric position C(d+1)1~C(d+1)cPlace element Qd×(c+1)+1~Qd×(c+1)+cCorresponding component, in electric position
C(d+2)1~C(d+2)cPlace element Q(d+1)×(c+1)~Qd×(c+1)+2cCorresponding component so arranges m-d row altogether；Use Rxy=0 light
It lies prostrate building-blocks and fills remaining electric position；
Step 332: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C2: in electric position C11~C1cPlace element Q1~QcIt is corresponding
Photovoltaic module, in electric position C21~C2cPlace element Qc+1~Q2×cCorresponding component so arranges m-d row altogether；Then exist
Electric position C(m-d+1)1~C(m-d+1)(c+1)Place element Q(m-d)×c+1~Q(m-d+1)×c+1Corresponding photovoltaic module, in electric position
C(m-d+2)1~C(m-d+2)(c+1)Place element Q(m-d+1)×c+2~Q(m-d+2)×c+2Corresponding component so arranges d row altogether；Use Rxy=0
Photovoltaic module block fill remaining electric position；
Step 34: obtaining the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array；
Step 341: what coupling unit irradiation level, photovoltaic module parameter, photovoltaic array structure and various components were shaded
Battery number utilizes Computer Simulation Fast Drawing CC1With CC2P-V characteristic curve, record CC respectively1With CC2Maximum power
Power at point is PMPP1With PMPP2；
Step 342: comparing PMPP1With PMPP2Size chooses peak power output max (PMPP1,PMPP2) corresponding structure makees
For optimal reconfigured geometry ECOPT；
Step 35: working as ECOPT≠EC0When, photovoltaic array is according to ECOPTIt is reconstructed, otherwise switch matrix is failure to actuate.
The invention has the advantages that removing to detect the electric current and voltage of each component or each branch without using big quantity sensor, only
A small amount of irradiance data and component shading battery number data need to be acquired, the shade point on photovoltaic array can be accurately obtained
Cloth, and reconstruction and optimization algorithm only needs simply to sort and do not have to complicated iteration, can reduce reconfiguration cost and effectively improves
Photovoltaic power generation quantity realizes the efficient operation of photovoltaic generating system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework figure of the invention；Wherein △ indicates switch matrix 2；Table
Show photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre 3；--- indicate communication network 4；The physical structure of dotted line closed area expression photovoltaic array 1；
The connecting structure for electrical equipment of chain-dotted line closed area expression photovoltaic array 1；MxyIndicate that physical location is located at the photovoltaic of xth row y column
Component (x=1,2 ..., 5；Y=1,2 ..., 5)；CijIndicate the i-th row jth column electric position (i=1,2 ..., 5；J=1,
2,…,5)。
Fig. 2 is the photovoltaic array shade distribution map of case study on implementation.
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 4 be case study on implementation photovoltaic array initial connection structure and alternative reconfigured geometry figure, wherein Fig. 4 a is embodiment
The initial electric connection structure EC of photovoltaic array0, Fig. 4 b is the alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C of embodiment1, Fig. 4 c is that embodiment is standby
The reconstruction and optimization structure C C of choosing2。
Fig. 5 is EC in case study on implementation0、CC1With CC2P-V performance diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to examples and drawings, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.Embodiment use scale for 5 × 5 photovoltaic generating system.
Step 1: the photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework based on shading battery number is constructed；It is described based on
Shade battery number photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework include photovoltaic array 1, can be by object any in photovoltaic array 1
The photovoltaic module of reason position reconstructs to the switch matrix 2 of any electric position, realizes that A/D conversion and calculating photovoltaic array are optimal heavy
The photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre 3 of structure structure, the communication network 4 for transmitting signal, wherein photovoltaic array irradiance data and group
Part shading battery number data are passed to photovoltaic array reconfigurable control center 3, the action signal of switch matrix 2 by communication network 4
It is passed to switch matrix 2 via communication network 4 by photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre 3, switch matrix 2 can be in photovoltaic array 1
Component physical location changes the electric position of photovoltaic module in the case where remaining unchanged, photovoltaic array 1 includes 5 × 5 pieces of photovoltaic groups
Part, by 5 block assemblies it is in parallel after again a bypass diode in parallel form a string of substrings, finally by 5 string component strings series connection, formed
TCT connection structure；
Step 2: detection shade is distributed the area of illumination of photovoltaic array as shown in Figure 2 and the irradiation level in shadow region and component
Shading battery number, and the irradiance data in photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region and component shading battery number data are passed through
Communication network is transmitted to photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre, and irradiation level is more uniform at local shades in the present embodiment, photovoltaic array
At illumination and the irradiation level of shaded side is respectively 1000W/m2And 200W/m2, the shading battery number table of each component in photovoltaic array
Show as follows
Step 3: irradiance data and component the shading battery number data being passed to according to communication network, Establishing process is such as
Photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method shown in Fig. 3 based on shading battery number, obtains the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array；It is based on
The specific implementation steps are as follows for the photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method for battery number of shading:
Step 31: the initial electric connection structure by size for 5 × 5 photovoltaic array is denoted as EC0, EC0As shown in fig. 4 a；
Step 32: due to sharing 21 pieces of Rxy≠ 0 component, so c=4, d=1, by this 21 pieces of photovoltaic modulies according to Rxy
Size, carry out descending arrangement, obtain sequence q as follows
Q={ M42,M34,M33,M32,M44,M43,M22,M45,M23,M31,
M35,M24,M41,M52, M21,M55,M54,M53,M51,M25,M12}；
Step 33: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure；
Step 331: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C1It is as shown in Figure 4 b: in electric position C11~C15Place photovoltaic
Component M42、M34、M33、M32、M44, in electric position C21~C24Placing modules M43、M22、M45、M23, d row is so arranged altogether；So exist
Electric position C31~C34Placing modules M31、M35、M24、M41, in electric position C41~C44Placing modules M52、M21、M55、M54, In
Electric position C51~C54Placing modules M53、M51、M25、M12, in electric position C25、C35、C45、C55Place Rxy=0 component M11、
M13、M14、M15；
Step 332: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C2As illustrated in fig. 4 c: in electric position C11~C14Place photovoltaic
Component M42、M34、M33、M32, in electric position C21~C24Placing modules M44、M43、M22、M45, in electric position C31~C34It places
Component M23、M31、M35、M24, in electric position C41~C44Placing modules M41、M52、M21、M55, in electric position C51~C55It places
Component M54、M53、M51、M25、M12, in electric position C15、C25、C35、C45Place Rxy=0 component M11、M13、M14、M15；
Step 34: obtaining the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array；
Step 341: what coupling unit irradiation level, photovoltaic module parameter, photovoltaic array structure and various components were shaded
Battery number utilizes Computer Simulation Fast Drawing CC1With CC2P-V characteristic curve as shown in figure 5, recording CC respectively1With CC2
Power P at maximum power pointMPP1=1408.2W and PMPP2=1429.5W；
Step 342: due to PMPP1<PMPP2, choose the structure C C of peak power output2As optimal reconfigured geometry ECOPT；
Step 35: photovoltaic array is according to ECOPTIt is reconstructed.
As seen from Figure 5, the peak power output of photovoltaic array is increased to 1429.5W by the 1070.6W before reconstructing after reconstruct,
Δ P=358.9W, output power improve 33.52%.
The invention has the advantages that removing to detect the electric current and voltage of each component or each branch without using big quantity sensor, only
A small amount of irradiance data and component shading battery number data need to be acquired, the shade point on photovoltaic array can be accurately obtained
Cloth, and reconstruction and optimization algorithm only needs simply to sort and do not have to complicated iteration, can reduce reconfiguration cost and effectively improves
Photovoltaic power generation quantity realizes the efficient operation of photovoltaic generating system.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization method based on shading battery number, steps are as follows:
Step 1: constructing the photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework based on shading battery number；Described is electric based on shading
The photovoltaic array reconstruction optimization system control framework of pond number includes photovoltaic array (1), can be by any physics in photovoltaic array (1)
The photovoltaic module of position reconstructs to the switch matrix of any electric position (2), realizes that A/D conversion and calculating photovoltaic array are optimal heavy
The photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre (3) of structure structure, the communication network (4) for transmitting signal, wherein photovoltaic array irradiance data
Photovoltaic array reconfigurable control center (3), switch matrix (2) are passed to by communication network (4) with component shading battery number data
Action signal be passed to switch matrix (2), switch matrix via communication network (4) by photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre (3)
(2) electric position of photovoltaic module, photovoltaic battle array can be changed in the case where remain unchanged by component physical location in photovoltaic array (1)
It arranges (1) and uses TCT structure；
Step 2: the photovoltaic module M for being in series with k block photovoltaic cell altogetherxy, by component MxyShading battery number be denoted as Rxy,
When photovoltaic array meets with part shading, the irradiation level of photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region and the shading electricity of every block assembly are detected
Pond number, and by the irradiance data in photovoltaic array area of illumination and shadow region and every block assembly shading battery number data by leading to
Communication network is transmitted to photovoltaic array reconstruction control centre；
Step 3: irradiance data and every block assembly shading battery number data are considered, according to the photovoltaic based on shading battery number
Array reconfiguration optimization method obtains the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 31: the initial electric connection structure for the photovoltaic array that size is m × n is denoted as EC0, physical location is in xth row
The photovoltaic module of y column is denoted as Mxy(x=1,2 ..., m；Y=1,2 ..., n), and by component MxyIn EC0In electric position be denoted as
Cij(i=1,2 ..., m；J=1,2 ..., n), indicate component MxyOn the electric position of the i-th row jth column；
Step 32: assuming that RxyShared m × the c+d of ≠ 0 photovoltaic module (c=0,1,2 ..., n-1；D=0,1,2 ..., m) block, so
Afterwards according to RxySize, to m × c+d block photovoltaic module carry out descending arrangement, obtain sequence q={ Q1,Q2,Q3,…,Qm×c+d,
In, element Q1R in corresponding m × c+d block assemblyxyMaximum component, element Qm×c+dCorresponding RxyThe smallest photovoltaic module；
Step 33: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure；
Step 331: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C1: in electric position C11~C1(c+1)Place element Q1~Qc+1It is corresponding
Photovoltaic module, in electric position C21~C2(c+1)Place element Qc+2~Q2×(c+1)Corresponding component so arranges d row altogether；Then
In electric position C(d+1)1~C(d+1)cPlace element Qd×(c+1)+1~Qd×(c+1)+cCorresponding component, in electric position C(d+2)1~
C(d+2)cPlace element Q(d+1)×(c+1)~Qd×(c+1)+2cCorresponding component so arranges m-d row altogether；Use Rxy=0 photovoltaic module
Fill remaining electric position；
Step 332: constructing alternative reconstruction and optimization structure C C2: in electric position C11~C1cPlace element Q1~QcCorresponding photovoltaic
Component, in electric position C21~C2cPlace element Qc+1~Q2×cCorresponding component so arranges m-d row altogether；Then in electrical position
Set C(m-d+1)1~C(m-d+1)(c+1)Place element Q(m-d)×c+1~Q(m-d+1)×c+1Corresponding photovoltaic module, in electric position C(m-d+2)1
~C(m-d+2)(c+1)Place element Q(m-d+1)×c+2~Q(m-d+2)×c+2Corresponding component so arranges d row altogether；Use Rxy=0 photovoltaic
Component fills remaining electric position；
Step 34: obtaining the optimal reconfigured geometry of photovoltaic array；
Step 341: the battery that coupling unit irradiation level, photovoltaic module parameter, photovoltaic array structure and various components are shaded
Number utilizes Computer Simulation Fast Drawing CC1With CC2P-V characteristic curve, record CC respectively1With CC2At maximum power point
Power be PMPP1With PMPP2；
Step 342: comparing PMPP1With PMPP2Size chooses peak power output max (PMPP1,PMPP2) corresponding structure is as optimal
Reconfigured geometry ECOPT；
Step 35: working as ECOPT≠EC0When, photovoltaic array is according to ECOPTIt is reconstructed, otherwise switch matrix is failure to actuate.
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