CN109067205A - 一种pfc电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构 - Google Patents

一种pfc电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构 Download PDF

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CN109067205A
CN109067205A CN201810873290.9A CN201810873290A CN109067205A CN 109067205 A CN109067205 A CN 109067205A CN 201810873290 A CN201810873290 A CN 201810873290A CN 109067205 A CN109067205 A CN 109067205A
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韩书兵
罗焕均
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FOSHAN UNIPOWER ELECTRONIC Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/348—Passive dissipative snubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，包括稳压模块和供电升压模块；稳压模块在市电模式下工作，稳压模块提供稳定正负BUS电压和校正功率因数；供电升压模块在市电出现不正常时转由电池供电的工作状态，并将电池电压升压变换为稳定的正负BUS。本发明的目的在于提出一种FPC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，降低了成本，减小体积，简化电路。

Description

一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构
技术领域
本发明涉及电子电路技术领域，尤其涉及一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构。
背景技术
低电池电压在线式UPS通常是指输出容量在5kVA以下的一类设备，这类设备因其功率容量较小，所以电池组电压通常都比较低，一般不会超过96V，市场上流行的大部分集中在24-48V之间。众所周知，在线式UPS都是通过两级转换实现功能：1、市电运行状态是经由PFC电路转换实现AC-DC过程，为逆变单元提供稳定的BUS直流电压。2、电池运行状态是由一个升压单元将较低的电池电压提升到380V，为逆变单元提供稳定的BUS直流电压。对于容量大于5kVA的设备，因电池组电压较高(大于160V)，所以PFC与电池升压这两个功能是共用一组电路组件。而输出容量在5kVA以下的则是两个独立的电路与独立的磁性元件，所以功率小的在线式UPS反而电路更复杂，使用的元件更多。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题提出一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，将PFC电路的电感与电池升压电路的变压器合并成一个集成磁性元件，由此可降低成本，减小体积，控制部分的电路也可适当简化。
为了达到此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，包括稳压模块和供电升压模块；
所述稳压模块在市电模式下工作，所述稳压模块提供稳定正负BUS电压和校正功率因数；
所述供电升压模块在市电出现不正常时转由电池供电的工作状态，并将电池电压升压变换为稳定的正负BUS。
更优的，所述稳压模块包括二极管D2、D3、D4、D5、D6、D7、D8、D9、D11和D13、耦合电感TL1、TL2、电感LR1、LR2、MOS管M1、电容C1、C2和电流检测元件RS1；
所述二极管D2的一端连接于所述二极管D5，所述二极管D8与所述电容C1并联后与所述二极管D5串联，所述二极管D8的一端连接于电感LR1，所述电感LR1的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL1，所述耦合电感TL1的一端连接于所述二极管D3，所述二极管D4的一端连接于所述二极管D3，二极管D4的另一端连接于所述二极管D9和所述二极管D11之间，所述二极管D11的一端连接于所述电容C2，所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7串联后的支路的一端连接于所述二极管D8，其另一端连接于所述二极管D13，所述二极管D13的一端连接于所述电容C2与二极管D11之间，所述二极管D13的另一端连接于所述电感LR2，所述电感LR2的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL2，所述MOS管M1的栅极与电路的驱动脉冲相连，所述MOS管M1的漏极和源极分别连接于所述电感LR1和电流检测元件RS1的一端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于所述电感LR2。
更优的，所述供电升压模块包括MOS管M3、MOS管M4、耦合电感TL3、耦合电感TL4和电容C7；
所述MOS管M3、所述耦合电感TL3、所述MOS管M4和所述耦合电感TL4形成闭合串联回路，所述电容C7的两端分别连接于所述MOS管M3和所述MOS管M4。
更优的，所述电容C1为电解电容。
更优的，所述电容C2为电解电容。
更优的，所述电流检测元件RS1为电阻或其它可检测电流的元件。
更优的，所述电流检测元件RS1的一端连接于电路的传感端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于电路的接地端。
更优的，所述二极管D2的一端连接于交流电的火线。
更优的，所述二极管D3和所述二极管D4、所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7、所述电容C1和所述电容C2之间分别连接于交流电的零线。
本发明的目的在于提出一种FPC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，降低了成本，减小体积，简化电路。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一个实施例的PFC与电池升压电路各自独立设计的电路图；
图2为本发明的一个实施例的PFC与电池升压电路磁性元件集成设计的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施例方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，包括稳压模块和供电升压模块；
所述稳压模块在市电模式下工作，所述稳压模块提供稳定正负BUS电压和校正功率因数；
所述供电升压模块在市电出现不正常时转由电池供电的工作状态，并将电池电压升压变换为稳定的正负BUS。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的拓扑结构为在线式UPS的前端电路单元，旨在为后面的逆变单元(将直流电转换为交流电的电路)提供稳定的正负BUS电源。所述稳压模块是在市电模式的，起到稳定提供正负BUS电压和功率因数校正的作用。所述供电升压模块是在市电出现不正常时转由电池供电的工作状态，由于电池电压比较低(一般为24-72V之间)，所以需要将电池电压升压变换为稳定的正负BUS。
图1中电路以BUS为分隔线，左边的以TR1、M1等为核心的市电功率因数校正，工作在市电供电正常的状态下。此时右侧以TX1、M3、M4等组成的电池升压部分是不工作。反之，当市电不正常时，右侧以TX1、M3、M4等组成的电池升压部分开始工作，而左边的以TR1、M1等为核心的市电功率因数校正电路停止工作。TR1和TX1是这两个单元电路的核心元件，也是成本比较高的元件，任何时候TR1和TX1只有一个在工作，而另一个是闲置的。本发明提出的拓扑结构就是将TR1和TX1集成化设计，使两个零件合并成一个零件，从而降低成本和提高零件利用率。
图1中的M3、M4组成典型的推挽式功率变换电路，但由于TX1的456线圈的漏感产生的尖峰能量不能完全通过M3、M4的寄生二极管返回电池，所以这种电路需要较高耐压的开关管，通常取电源电压的3.5倍以上。图2中的M3、M4组成的是两个正激功率变换电路交叉连接，任何一只管的寄生二极管作为另一管的尖峰吸收回路，尽管TX1的456线圈的漏感产生的尖峰能量依然存在，但其尖峰能量可以最短的路径返回到电容C7中贮存，尖峰电压也被电容C7钳制在较低的电位(电容C7电压约与电池电压相当)在工作时又被利用。所以本发明的拓扑结构对M3、M4的要求较低，通常取电源电压的2.5倍即可。
更进一步的说明，所述稳压模块包括二极管D2、D3、D4、D5、D6、D7、D8、D9、D11和D13、耦合电感TL1、TL2、电感LR1、LR2、MOS管M1、电容C1、C2和电流检测元件RS1；
所述二极管D2的一端连接于所述二极管D5，所述二极管D8与所述电容C1并联后与所述二极管D5串联，所述二极管D8的一端连接于电感LR1，所述电感LR1的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL1，所述耦合电感TL1的一端连接于所述二极管D3，所述二极管D4的一端连接于所述二极管D3，二极管D4的另一端连接于所述二极管D9和所述二极管D11之间，所述二极管D11的一端连接于所述电容C2，所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7串联后的支路的一端连接于所述二极管D8，其另一端连接于所述二极管D13，所述二极管D13的一端连接于所述电容C2与二极管D11之间，所述二极管D13的另一端连接于所述电感LR2，所述电感LR2的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL2，所述MOS管M1的栅极与电路的驱动脉冲相连，所述MOS管M1的漏极和源极分别连接于所述电感LR1和电流检测元件RS1的一端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于所述电感LR2。
更进一步的说明，所述供电升压模块包括MOS管M3、MOS管M4、耦合电感TL3、耦合电感TL4和电容C7；
所述MOS管M3、所述耦合电感TL3、所述MOS管M4和所述耦合电感TL4形成闭合串联回路，所述电容C7的两端分别连接于所述MOS管M3和所述MOS管M4。
更进一步的说明，所述电容C1为电解电容。
更进一步的说明，所述电容C2为电解电容。
更进一步的说明，所述电流检测元件RS1为电阻或其它可检测电流的元件。
图2中RS1为电流检测元件，其可以是任何一种类型的可以检测电流的元件，并不局限于电阻这一种形式。
更进一步的说明，所述电流检测元件RS1的一端连接于电路的传感端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于电路的接地端。
更进一步的说明，所述二极管D2的一端连接于交流电的火线。
更进一步的说明，所述二极管D3和所述二极管D4、所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7、所述电容C1和所述电容C2之间分别连接于交流电的零线。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：包括稳压模块和供电升压模块；
所述稳压模块在市电模式下工作，所述稳压模块提供稳定正负BUS电压和校正功率因数；
所述供电升压模块在市电出现不正常时转由电池供电的工作状态，并将电池电压升压变换为稳定的正负BUS。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述稳压模块包括二极管D2、D3、D4、D5、D6、D7、D8、D9、D11和D13、耦合电感TL1、TL2、电感LR1、LR2、MOS管M1、电容C1、C2和电流检测元件RS1；
所述二极管D2的一端连接于所述二极管D5，所述二极管D8与所述电容C1并联后与所述二极管D5串联，所述二极管D8的一端连接于电感LR1，所述电感LR1的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL1，所述耦合电感TL1的一端连接于所述二极管D3，所述二极管D4的一端连接于所述二极管D3，二极管D4的另一端连接于所述二极管D9和所述二极管D11之间，所述二极管D11的一端连接于所述电容C2，所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7串联后的支路的一端连接于所述二极管D8，其另一端连接于所述二极管D13，所述二极管D13的一端连接于所述电容C2与二极管D11之间，所述二极管D13的另一端连接于所述电感LR2，所述电感LR2的一端连接于所述耦合电感TL2，所述MOS管M1的栅极与电路的驱动脉冲相连，所述MOS管M1的漏极和源极分别连接于所述电感LR1和电流检测元件RS1的一端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于所述电感LR2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述供电升压模块包括MOS管M3、MOS管M4、耦合电感TL3、耦合电感TL4和电容C7；
所述MOS管M3、所述耦合电感TL3、所述MOS管M4和所述耦合电感TL4形成闭合串联回路，所述电容C7的两端分别连接于所述MOS管M3和所述MOS管M4。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述电容C1为电解电容。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述电容C2为电解电容。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述电流检测元件RS1为电阻或其它可检测电流的元件。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述电流检测元件RS1的一端连接于电路的传感端，所述电流检测元件RS1的另一端连接于电路的接地端。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述二极管D2的一端连接于交流电的火线。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种PFC电感与电池升压变压器集成化拓扑结构，其特征在于：所述二极管D3和所述二极管D4、所述二极管D6和所述二极管D7、所述电容C1和所述电容C2之间分别连接于交流电的零线。
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