CN109067016A - A kind of wireless charging system and charge parameter regulating device and method - Google Patents
A kind of wireless charging system and charge parameter regulating device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109067016A CN109067016A CN201811288306.6A CN201811288306A CN109067016A CN 109067016 A CN109067016 A CN 109067016A CN 201811288306 A CN201811288306 A CN 201811288306A CN 109067016 A CN109067016 A CN 109067016A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses wireless charging system and charge parameter regulating device and method, the parameter adjustment control include: transmitting terminal control module, multiple relays, series connection at least one inductor and multiple capacitors；The transmitting terminal control module is configured as: controlling the on-position of the multiple relay to control each inductor and/or whether each capacitor connects in the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module for accessing the wireless charging system, to control the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of itself and receiving end is made to match.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to wireless power and its control technology, and in particular to one kind has auto-adaptive parameter matching feature, and
The wireless charging system and charge parameter regulating device that can be charged automatically according to battery constant current, constant pressure, tricke phase stage
And method, and motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electro-tricycle and the battery-operated motor cycle of application wireless charging system.
Background technique
Currently, the small-sized electrics vehicles such as motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electro-tricycle and battery-operated motor cycle are mainly adopted
It is charged with wired mode.When using wired charger, there are following several problems: 1) when charging vehicle is more, greatly
It measures cable and is easy winding, bring security risk and constant；2) when charger plugs, it is easy to produce electric spark, fire may be caused
Etc. safety accidents；3) the problems such as charger is connected directly with power grid, and there are electric leakage electric shocks；4) charging unit can not seal, and exist
The problems such as rain-proof waterproof；5) additional manual operation is needed when charging, is not easy to stop to fill.
Wireless power transmission technology is quickly grown in recent years, and the wireless power transmission technology based on magnetic resonance principle can be in middle long distance
From obtaining greater efficiency under (several tens cm is to several meters).However, in the prior art there is no for motor bicycle, electric bicycle,
The wireless power transmission systems that the small-sized electrics vehicles such as electro-tricycle, battery-operated motor cycle specially design, existing small-sized electric are handed over
Logical tool charging mainly still needs owner that vehicle is placed on family charging, for the resident that building is lived, brings inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
In view of drawbacks described above in the prior art or deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of wireless for the small-sized electric vehicles
The specific needs of charging have auto-adaptive parameter matching feature, and can be automatically according to battery constant current, constant pressure, tricke phase stage
The wireless charging system to charge also provides charge parameter regulating device and method in the wireless charging system.
In a first aspect, the application provides a kind of parameter adjustment control for wireless charging system, the parameter regulation dress
Set include: transmitting terminal control module, multiple relays, series connection at least one inductor and multiple capacitors；
The transmitting terminal control module is configured as:
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control each inductor and/or each capacitor is
No series connection accesses in the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module of the wireless charging system, to control the transmitting terminal resonance coupled mode
The resonance frequency of block.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the transmitting terminal control module is configured as:
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and exist
Change between lowest resonant frequency and highest resonance frequency；
The lowest resonant frequency are as follows: all inductor series connection enter the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and own
When the capacitor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The highest resonance frequency are as follows: all capacitor series connection enter the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and own
When the inductor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The lowest resonant frequency and the average value of highest resonance frequency are initial with the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Frequency is equal；
When the original frequency is that all inductors and the capacitor do not access transmitting terminal resonance coupling module,
The resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the capacitance of the capacitor meets following relationship: Ct1=Ct2/2
=Ct3/22=...=Ctn/2n-1；
N is the total quantity of all capacitors, Ct1, Ct2、Ct3。。。。。。CtnRespectively the 1st capacitor, the 2nd electricity
Container, the 3rd capacitor.The capacitance of n-th of capacitor.
Second aspect the application also provides a kind of wireless charging system, including transmitting terminal and receiving end；The transmitting terminal packet
It includes and the industrial-frequency alternating current of power grid is converted into the AC-DC module I of direct current, the AC-DC module I direct current exported is depressured and is turned
It changes the DC-DC module of amplitude adjustable voltage into, the output DC voltage of DC-DC module is converted to the high-frequency inversion of square wave power
The transmitting terminal control module and transmitting terminal resonance coupling module of module and any one of the above；The transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
It is connected to the output end of the high-frequency inversion module；The transmitting terminal control module and DC-DC module and high-frequency inversion module are believed
Number connection；The receiving end include with the receiving end resonance coupling module of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module opposing coupler, will receive
End resonance coupling module high-frequency electrical energy be converted to direct current energy AC-DC module II, by the output electric energy of AC-DC module II into
Row control is with the charge management module to charge to battery pack, the receiving end control module connecting with charge management module signal；Institute
Stating transmitting terminal further includes the output loading being connected in series with the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module as the high-frequency inversion module
Parameter adjustment module, the parameter adjustment module include the capacitor in any one of the above parameter adjustment control,
Inductor and relay.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application,
The receiving end further includes the infrared transmission module connecting with receiving end control module signal；
The transmitting terminal includes the infrared receiving module connecting with transmitting terminal control module signal；
The infrared receiving module is configured to: being used cooperatively with infrared transmission module, is received filling for charge management module
Power information, the charge information include the PWM duty cycle information in charging voltage and charging current and charge management module；
The transmitting terminal control module is configured to: according to charge information adjust high-frequency inversion module transmission power to
The charge power of battery pack matches.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the DC-DC module includes transmitting terminal BUCK circuit；The hair
Penetrate the gate pole that end control module sends pwm signal switching tube into the transmitting terminal BUCK circuit.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the transmitting terminal control module includes for acquiring DC-DC mould
The output voltage of block and the AD sampling unit of output electric current.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the receiving end resonance coupling module is mounted on motor bicycle, electricity
Below the chassis of dynamic bicycle, electro-tricycle or battery-operated motor cycle；The transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is laid on charging station
Ground.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the top of the receiving end resonance coupling module and transmitting terminal are humorous
Magnetic stripe is equipped with below vibration coupling module.
Third aspect the application also provides a kind of parameter adjusting method for wireless charging system, comprising the following steps:
The on-position of control relay does not access all inductor and capacitor in the circuit of transmitting terminal, so that hair
The resonance frequency for penetrating end resonance coupling module is original frequency, and first time frequency sweep records the resonance of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Current peak is the first peak value；
The on-position of each relay is controlled, so that the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is in original frequency
On the basis of increase by 1 setpoint frequency step-length, second of frequency sweep, the resonance current peak value of record transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is the
Two peak values；
The difference for determining the first peak value and the second peak value is resonance current difference；
The final resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is determined according to resonance current difference and the first peak value.
Judge that resonance current difference for timing, is looked into the first peak value of setting and the corresponding data table of transmitting-receiving frequency difference
Ask transmitting-receiving frequency difference corresponding with the first peak value；The on-position that each relay is adjusted according to transmitting-receiving frequency difference, makes
The final resonance frequency for obtaining transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is to increase transmitting-receiving frequency difference on the basis of original frequency；
When judging that resonance current difference is negative, looked into the first peak value of setting and the corresponding data table of transmitting-receiving frequency difference
Ask transmitting-receiving frequency difference corresponding with the first peak value；The on-position that each relay is adjusted according to transmitting-receiving frequency difference, makes
The final resonance frequency for obtaining transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is that transmitting-receiving frequency difference is reduced on the basis of original frequency；
Wherein transmitting-receiving frequency difference is the difference of the resonance frequency of receiving end and the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal.
Fourth aspect the application also provide using the motor bicycle of any one of the above wireless charging system, electric bicycle,
Electro-tricycle, battery-operated motor cycle.
In the wireless charging system of the application, using parameter adjustment module in the initial stage of charging, to transmitting terminal and connect
The charge parameter of receiving end is matched and is adjusted, in view of wireless charging system is applied in motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electronic three
Take turns actual working environment when vehicle, battery-operated motor cycle, the parameter value of resonance coil and resonant capacitance may be by outdoor temperature, wet
Degree, aging, spuious metal object of manufacturing tolerance, surrounding etc. influence, and lead to the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonant coupling circuit
It is inconsistent with the resonance frequency of receiving end, and then reduce the efficiency of transmission and transimission power of system, wireless charging system of the present invention
In parameter adjustment module and charge parameter adjusting method, can be complete rapidly within the shorter time (several seconds was to more than ten seconds)
It is matched at the parameter of wireless charging system, guarantees the high efficiency of charging process.
The present invention realizes the One-to-one communication of wireless charging platform and vehicle to be charged using infrared communication technique, and being based on should
The communication technology, the present invention are capable of the transmission power of real-time regulation system, it is made to meet the power demand of receiving end and not just
Cause power dissipation.
The Charge Management algorithm of receiving end in the present invention, enables charging process automatically according to the constant current of battery, perseverance
It presses, the stage of trickle charges.
The wireless charging system and charge parameter regulating device and method of the application can be applied not only to motor bicycle, may be used also
Applied to electric bicycle, electro-tricycle, battery-operated motor cycle.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading a detailed description of non-restrictive embodiments in the light of the attached drawings below, the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram in the embodiment of the present application one；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the parameter adjustment module in the embodiment of the present application one；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of DC-DC module in the embodiment of the present application one；
Fig. 4 is the transmitting terminal control module power adjustment algorithm figure of the embodiment of the present application one；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of charge management module in the application；
Fig. 6 is receiving end control module in the application to the power adjustment algorithm figure of charge management module；
Fig. 7 is the charge graph of battery pack in the application；
Fig. 8 is that there are the relationships of driving frequency when deviation and transmitting terminal resonance current for the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal and receiving end
Curve；
110.AC-DC module I；120.DC-DC module；130. high-frequency inversion module；150. transmitting terminal control modules；140.
Transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；210. receiving end resonance coupling modules；220.AC-DC module ii；230. charge management module；
240. receiving end control modules；170. parameter adjustment module；160. infrared receiving module；250. infrared transmission module；260. electric
Pond group.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining related invention, rather than the restriction to the invention.It also should be noted that in order to
Convenient for description, part relevant to invention is illustrated only in attached drawing.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Please refer to the functional block diagram and Fig. 2 the application that Fig. 1 is a kind of wireless charging system of the first embodiment of the application
Shown in a kind of circuit diagram of embodiment, including transmit circuit and receiving end, the transmitting terminal include by the industrial-frequency alternating current of power grid
The AC-DC module I 110 of direct current is converted to, the direct current exported of AC-DC module I 110 is depressured and is converted to amplitude adjustable electric
The DC-DC module 120 of pressure, the high-frequency inversion module 130 that the output DC voltage of DC-DC module 120 is converted to square wave power,
The transmitting terminal control module 150 that connect with DC-DC module 120 and 130 signal of high-frequency inversion module is connected to high-frequency inversion module
The transmitting terminal resonance coupling module 140 of 130 output ends；The receiving end includes with transmitting terminal resonance coupling module 140 with respect to coupling
The high-frequency electrical energy of receiving end resonance coupling module 210 is converted to direct current energy by the receiving end resonance coupling module 210 of conjunction
AC-DC module II 220, the output electric energy of AC-DC module II 220 is controlled into the charging valve to charge to battery pack 260
The receiving end control module 240 managing module 230, connecting with 230 signal of charge management module, the transmitting terminal further include and emit
The parameter adjustment module 170 that the end series connection of resonance coupling module 140 is loaded as high-frequency inversion module 130, the parameter regulation mould
Block 170 includes at least one inductor and multiple capacitors of multiple relays, series connection；
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, in the circuit of parameter adjustment module 170, the quantity of inductor is 1, sense
Value is Lt, and in other embodiments, the quantity of inductor is also possible to 2 or multiple；The quantity of capacitor is n, the electricity
The capacitance of container meets following relationship: Ct1=Ct2/ 2=Ct3/22=...=Ctn/2n-1；
N is the total quantity of all capacitors, Ct1, Ct2、Ct3。。。。。。CtnRespectively the 1st capacitor, the 2nd electricity
Container, the 3rd capacitor.The capacitance of n-th of capacitor.
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control each inductor and/or each capacitor is
No series connection accesses in the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module of the wireless charging system, to control the transmitting terminal resonance coupled mode
The resonance frequency of block.
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the transmitting terminal control module is configured as:
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and exist
Change between lowest resonant frequency and highest resonance frequency；
The lowest resonant frequency are as follows: all inductor series connection enter the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and own
When the capacitor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The highest resonance frequency are as follows: all capacitor series connection enter the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module and own
When the inductor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The lowest resonant frequency and the average value of highest resonance frequency are initial with the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Frequency is equal；
When the original frequency is that all inductors and the capacitor do not access transmitting terminal resonance coupling module,
The resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module.
Assuming that after the 1st seals in resonance circuit, the resonance frequency incrementss of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module are Δ f, then the 2nd
After n-th a capacitor, the 3rd capacitor ... of capacitor individually seal in, the resonance frequency incrementss of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module according to
It is secondary to be approximately equal to 2(2-1)* Δ f ... ..., 2(n-1)*Δf.The combination of all capacitors can then make transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Resonance frequency increased with the step-length of Δ f, total range that increases is (2n-1)*Δf.Suitable inductance is selected to the inductor
Value, when so that inductor being sealed in the circuit of transmitting terminal, the resonance frequency slippage of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is (2n-1)*
Δf.Then lowest resonant frequency is original frequency
fJust-(2n- 1) * Δ f, highest resonance frequency are original frequency fJust+(2n-1)*Δf；All inductors and capacitor
The combination of device is so that the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal namely the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module can be with original frequency
Center ,-(2n- 1) Δ f to (2n- 1) in the variation range of Δ f, consolidating for transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is adjusted with the step-length of Δ f
There is frequency.
In the present embodiment, the receiving end further includes the infrared transmission module connecting with receiving end control module signal
250；The transmitting terminal includes the infrared receiving module 160 connecting with transmitting terminal control module signal；
Intrinsic frequency tuner module is placed on transmitting terminal by the present invention, and this aspect allows for receiving end, and there may be confessions
Electric insufficient situation, electric energy is more valuable, on the other hand also allows for motor bicycle, the electric bicycle, electronic three of receiving end
It is limited to take turns vehicle, the installation space of battery-operated motor cycle, is placed on transmitting terminal and is more convenient for installing.
The infrared receiving module is configured to: being used cooperatively with infrared transmission module, is received filling for charge management module
Power information, the charge information include charging voltage and charging current；It further include the PWM duty cycle information of BUCK circuit.
The transmitting terminal control module is configured to: according to charge information adjust high-frequency inversion module transmission power to
The charge power of battery pack matches.
In the present embodiment:
AC-DC module I, this module construct a DC voltage source, the industrial-frequency alternating current from power grid are converted to direct current
Electric energy is powered for subsequent transmitting terminal circuit.The building of this module has the DC power supply of relatively high power capacity, and output voltage is
110V, output electric current can be supplied simultaneously for more wireless charging devices in a charging canopy up to 30A by power bus
Electricity；In view of the transmission power of a wireless charging system is no more than 300W, therefore a DC power supply can be wireless for 10 sets
Charging system provides sufficient electric energy.
DC-DC module, this module use BUCK circuit (circuit structure is as shown in Fig. 3), AC-DC module I are generated
Direct current carries out decompression processing, to generate an adjustable DC voltage source of amplitude, the adjustable DC voltage source of the amplitude is given
Transmitting terminal high-frequency inversion module for power supply, the amplitude of the DC voltage by adjusting its output, can adjust high-frequency inversion module
Output power.The control of the output voltage of the adjustable direct voltage source is real by adjusting the duty ratio of switching tube S1 in attached drawing 3
Existing.The duty ratio that S1 is adjusted using incremental PI algorithm, can guarantee the stabilization of 5 output power of high-frequency inversion module.
Transmitting terminal control module: being constructed using Stm32 family chip, the type transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module
It is powerful: the input capture function of timer in transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module, it can be red to what is received
External signal is demodulated, thus know the charge information of receiving end, charging voltage, charging current including receiving end, Yi Jijie
The PWM duty cycle of receiving end BUCK circuit, and then the adjusting target value of the transmission power of transmitting terminal is calculated；Transmitting terminal controls mould
In block transmitting terminal control module AD conversion channel can output voltage to DC-DC module and output electric current carry out AD sampling；Hair
It penetrates end control module transmitting terminal control module and generates one according to the charge information of receiving end and the transmission power target value of transmitting terminal
A voltage amplitude adjustment signal (pwm signal), adjusts the output voltage of DC-DC module, so that the transmission power of transmitting terminal is lucky
Meet the power demand of receiving end and does not cause power dissipation；The control target of transmitting terminal is by adjusting in DC-DC module
The duty ratio of switching device S1 adjusts the transmission power of transmitting terminal, so that 1, transmission power is no more than limit value 300W；2, it receives
The output voltage of AC-DC module 9 is held to have close amplitude (a little higher than with the charging voltage that receiving end charge management module exports
Charging voltage), or allow the control signal of the switching tube of receiving end charge management module to have close but slightly less than 100% accounts for
Empty ratio.
Charge power adjusting method in the transmission power namely wireless charging system of transmitting terminal, comprising the following steps:
S1. the output voltage of DC-DC module and the resonance current of transmitting terminal coupled resonance module are obtained, hair in real time is calculated
Penetrate power PIt is real, transmission power PIt is realMultiply for the resonance current of the output voltage and transmitting terminal coupled resonance module of DC-DC module
Product；
S2. the output voltage U of AC-DC module II is obtained by infrared receiving moduleIt is defeated, charge management module charging letter
Breath, the charge information includes charging voltage UIt fills, charging current；It in the present embodiment, further include in charge management module circuit
BUCK circuit in duty cycle information；
S3. transmission power limit value P is combinedLimit, output voltage UIt is defeatedObject reference power P is calculated with charge informationtrans；At this
Transmission power limit value P in embodimentLimitFor 300W；PtransCalculation formula are as follows:
Ptrans=KPIt is real·UIt fills 2/UIt is defeated 2
Wherein K is the response speed adjustment parameter of setting, and K is 1 in the present embodiment, and K can also be in other embodiments
It is set as other numerical value.
Work as UIt is defeatedGreater than UIt fillsWhen, PtransIt reduces；Work as UIt is defeatedLess than UIt fillsWhen, PtransIncrease.Adjusted result should make UIt is defeatedSlightly larger than UIt fills。
S4. with object reference power PtransWith real time emission power PIt is realControl amount is calculated using incremental PI algorithm for input
Information S；As shown in figure 4,
S5. with the output voltage of control amount information S control DC-DC module the transmission power of transmitting terminal is reached with reference to function
Rate Ptrans。
According to technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the control amount information S is that switching tube accounts in DC-DC module
Sky compares information.
In adjusting DC-DC module 2 when the duty ratio of switching device, controlled using the pwm signal of 20kHz, once
Given object reference power Ptrans, using attached incremental PI algorithm shown in Fig. 4 can in several ms transmitting terminal high frequency is inverse
The output power for becoming module is adjusted to target power Ptrans.However, PtransValue, except condition to be met is wanted no more than 300W
Ask outer, it is also necessary to be determined according to the charge information of receiving end, the working condition of receiving end is made to can satisfy condition.Receiving end
Charge information need just be transmitted to transmitting terminal by infrared communication, infrared communication once transmits four bytes, completes a frame
The transmission of data about several ms, therefore, to meet condition, PtransIt needs once to be updated every several ms.Tens of
After secondary iteration updates (time of several seconds), PtransAlso can reach stable.
The PWM function of timer can control the output of DC-DC module in transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module
Voltage；The square-wave signal of duty ratio needed for common I/O port can control frequency needed for digital signal synthesis device (DDS) is synthesized, is used
Control the square-wave voltage source output of transmitting terminal high-frequency inversion module, also can in control parameter adjustment module relay switch
And switching.
High-frequency inversion module: the frequency signal that this module is generated according to transmitting terminal control module, by DC-DC module output
DC voltage is converted to the high-frequency ac square wave power of required frequency and required duty ratio.Inverter uses traditional H bridge full-bridge
Topology, driver are constructed using IR2110 series boostrap circuit, and MOSFET should then have 200V or more pressure resistance, 10A or more
Electric current, lesser conducting internal resistance (tens of milliohms) and faster switching speed.The MOSFET that the present invention uses for
BSB056N10NN3, but the present invention is not limited to a certain specific type MOSFET.
Transmitting terminal resonance coupling module: this module is in series by coil and the capacitor of high voltage, low internal resistance, composition one
A LC series resonant circuit；This module and parameter adjustment module are connected in series, together as the defeated of transmitting terminal high-frequency inversion module
It loads out；The coil in coil and receiving end resonance coupling module in this module constitutes a pair of of coupling coil, is passed by magnetic field
Pass electric energy.
Receiving end resonance coupling module and transmitting terminal resonance coupling module: the two modules by coil and high voltage, it is low in
The capacitor of resistance is in series, forms a LC series resonant circuit；Coil and transmitting terminal in transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Coil in resonance coupling module constitutes a pair of of coupling coil, transmits electric energy by magnetic field；Receiving end resonance coupling module it is defeated
Input as receiving end AC-DC module II out provides electric energy for receiving end load.Receiving end resonance coupling module mainly includes
Following feature: a) receiving coil is mounted under the chassis of motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electro-tricycle or battery-operated motor cycle
Side, transmitting coil are laid on the ground, maximum transmission distance 15cm；B) it is limited by installation dimension, receiving coil uses plane
Spiral layout is connected in series using two coils of 30cm*10cm and 20cm*10cm, by taking motor bicycle as an example, two coil difference
It is arranged in the two sides of motor bicycle bottom girder steel；Transmitting coil also uses snail to be laid out, having a size of the rectangular knot of 30cm*30cm
Structure；C) transmitting coil and receiving coil are all made of litz wire coiling, to reduce Coil resistance, lifting system efficiency；D) emitting
The bottom of coil is laid with the magnetic stripe of PC44 material with the top of receiving coil, to promote the magnetic field degree of polymerization, increase transmitting coil with
Mutual inductance between receiving coil；E) resonance frequency of resonance circuit is between 100kHz-500kHz, adjusts according to actual needs
The capacitance of resonant capacitance, to change the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal and receiving end, so as to take into account efficiency of transmission and electromagnetism spoke
The requirement penetrated.
AC-DC module II: the high-frequency electrical energy that this module receives receiving end resonance coupling module passes through rectification and pressure stabilizing
Filtering processing, is converted to direct current energy, and in the present embodiment, AC-DC module II is constructed using full-bridge rectification and filter capacitor,
In, the rectifying device that the present invention uses is continuous with 200V reverse withstand voltage and 20A for the diode of MBRF20200CT model
Forward current can satisfy performance requirement of the motor bicycle under 200W charge power.But the present invention is not limited to this one kind is single
Type of device.
Receiving end charge management module: this module uses BUCK reduction voltage circuit (as shown in Fig. 5), and is calculated using PI control
Method controls the direct current energy of receiving end AC-DC module II output by controlling the PWM duty cycle of BUCK circuit switch,
It can charge according to the stage of battery constant current, constant pressure, trickle.The circuit topology of this module is as shown in Fig. 5, adopts
With BUCK circuit, the charge management module successively includes by the pure resistance of relay selective connection from input terminal to output end
Circuit and charging control circuit are equipped with BUCK circuit in receiving end in the charging control circuit；The receiving end control module is defeated
The gate pole of pwm signal switching tube into receiving end BUCK circuit out.The direct current energy of receiving end AC-DC module II output is carried out
Control makes its output voltage and output electric current without departing from limit value.Control algolithm uses double loop incremental PI algorithm, algorithm frame
Figure is as shown in Fig. 6.
The control target of receiving end is: control charging voltage and charging current are no more than limit value.For example, for
The lead storage battery of 48V/20Ah, charging curve are as shown in Fig. 7.It is smaller in the equivalent load of constant-current phase, battery, charging
Electric current is larger, and receiving end transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module mainly controls electric current loop at this time, guarantees charging
Electric current is no more than 3A, and with the increase of battery capacity, charging voltage will be gradually increased to 59V；In constant-voltage phase, receiving end transmitting
End control module transmitting terminal control module mainly controls Voltage loop, guarantees that charging voltage is no more than 59V, with battery electricity
The increase of amount, charging current will be gradually reduced；When charging current is down to 550mA or less, the floating charge stage will be entered, in floating charge rank
Charging voltage is controlled in 55V, continues to charge in a pulsed fashion by section.
Infrared receiving module and infrared transmission module: the infrared transmitter in infrared transmission module uses infrared LED lamp structure
It builds, is driven, used by the 38.4k carrier wave that transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module chip in reception control module exports
NEC coding protocol is encoded and is decoded；Infrared remote receiver is constructed using HS0038.Using infrared technique, then one can be carried out
The case where being communicated to one, capable of effectively avoiding wireless charger that from can not matching with vehicle to be charged.
Receiving end control module: being constructed using Stm32 family chip, the type transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module
Powerful, the PWM function of timer can control charge management module in transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module
Output voltage, can also synthesize the carrier wave of 38.4K, and control infrared communication module emits signal；AD in the control module of receiving end
ALT-CH alternate channel can know the output voltage of receiving end AC-DC module II and the output voltage of receiving end charge management module
Required PWM waveform is generated, charging voltage and charging current are controlled then according to PI control algolithm with output electric current；
By connecting with infrared receiving module, the charge information of receiving end is fed back into transmitting terminal, carries out power regulation convenient for transmitting terminal；
Particularly, the target of transmitting terminal power regulation be allow receiving end AC-DC module II output voltage and receiving end Charge Management mould
The charging voltage of block output has close amplitude (a little higher than charging voltage), or allows the opening of receiving end charge management module 10
The control signal for closing pipe has close but slightly less than 100% duty ratio.
Workflow using the above system of the application includes three phases: parameter matching stage, charging stage, charging
Terminate to differentiate.
The working method of three phases is as follows:
Firstly, motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electro-tricycle or battery-operated motor cycle user of service are by vehicle parking to specified
Region, vehicle chassis are aligned with charged area；It parks and stablizes and after personnel get off, the starting that user of service triggers transmitting terminal is pressed
Button, triggering transmitting terminal enter working condition；After transmitting terminal enters working condition, progress parameter matching first；Carrying out parameter
Timing, receiving end device are still in sleep for electricity saving state, and relay switch S2 default conditions are connected to A grades in attached drawing 5, receiving end
The load of the output connection of AC-DC module II is 15 Ω/20W resistance RL1 with constant resistance value；
Resonant parameter is matched in accordance with the following steps:
The on-position of control relay does not access all inductor and capacitor in the circuit of transmitting terminal, so that hair
The resonance frequency for penetrating end resonance coupling module is original frequency fJust, first time frequency sweep, record transmitting terminal resonance coupling module it is humorous
It is I that the current peak that shakes, which is the first peak value,1peak-1A；
The on-position of each relay is controlled, so that the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is in original frequency
On the basis of increase by 1 setpoint frequency step delta f, as fJust+Δf；In the present embodiment, Δ f is 500Hz, second of frequency sweep, note
The resonance current peak value for recording transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is the second peak I1peak-1B；
Calculate resonance current difference DELTA I1peak-1=I1peak-1A-I1peak-1B；
By attached drawing 8 as it can be seen that the resonance frequency deviation delta f of transmitting terminal and receiving endnatWhen bigger, the resonance electricity of transmitting terminal
Stream --- the peak value of frequency curve is bigger.Therefore, the electric current of transmitting terminal --- the peak value of frequency curve and bilateral resonance frequency
Deviation is one-one relationship.The first peak I is obtained by frequency sweep1peak-1AInformation after, can be learnt by way of tabling look-up double
The deviation range of side intrinsic frequency.The first peak delta I is obtained by frequency sweep twice1peak-1After information, that is, can determine whether it is transmitting terminal
Resonance frequency is to need to increase or need to reduce or remain unchanged.
First peak I1peak-1AAnd the tables of data of resonance frequency deviation for example can be as shown in table 1 below,
Such as assume Ct1Individually when the circuit of series connection access transmitting terminal, the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module increases
It measures Δ f and is equal to 500HZ；
When the first peak I1peak-1AWhen for 5.3A, and Δ I1peak-1When being positive, the 1 of control parameter adjustment module
A inductance, which is not connected, accesses the circuit of transmitting terminal, while controlling capacitance is Ct3The circuit of capacitor series connection access transmitting terminal；So that
The resonance frequency of transmitting terminal coupling module is increased into 2kHZ；Assuming that Ct1Individually when the circuit of series connection access transmitting terminal, transmitting terminal is humorous
The resonance frequency incrementss Δ f of vibration coupling module is equal to 500HZ.
When the first peak I1peak-1AWhen for 5.3A, and Δ I1peak-1When being negative, the 1 of control parameter adjustment module
The circuit of a inductance series connection access transmitting terminal, while controlling capacitance is Ct3Capacitor do not connect into circuit, remaining all electricity
Container, which is all connected, enters circuit, so that the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal coupling module is reduced 2kHZ；Assuming that Ct1Individually series connection access
When the circuit of transmitting terminal, the resonance frequency incrementss Δ f of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is equal to 500HZ.
Table 1
After frequency sweep twice, transmitting terminal can according to aforementioned matching algorithm adjust transmitting terminal parameter so that transmitting terminal with
Receiving end has consistent or close resonance frequency；To reduce power loss when frequency sweep, and safeguards system is in possible parameter
Safety under detuning state, frequency sweep phase transmission end carry out frequency sweep using a lesser DC voltage.
When carrying out transmitting terminal frequency sweep, receiving end AC-DC module II will be with certain output voltage；Output voltage warp
After voltage division processing, as external interrupt wakeup receiving end device.After receiving end device enters working condition, by delay a period of time
Relay switch S2 after waiting transmitting terminal frequency sweep, is switched to B grades, while passing through infrared communication module to hair by (ten seconds)
The charge information that end sends itself, the output voltage including receiving end AC-DC module II are penetrated, receiving end charge management module is filled
The information such as piezoelectric voltage, charging current, duty ratio；Transmitting terminal only when receiving infrared communication information, can just enter charging rank
Section；In the charging stage, receiving end transmitting terminal control module transmitting terminal control module is filled using attached control algolithm control shown in fig. 6
Electric current and charging voltage are no more than limit value, and transmitting terminal control module is then using attached control algolithm control transmitting shown in Fig. 4
Power is no more than limit value, and adjusts transmission power, so that a little higher than receiving end of output voltage of receiving end AC-DC module II is filled
The charging voltage of electric management module；When the charging current of receiving end is less than 550mA, system enters trickle mode, with pulse
Mode continues charging a period of time, then stops charging；When receiving end can not detect always charging current in a few seconds, or fill
When electric current is always less than certain value, receiving end will close infrared communication, reset relay state, subsequently into sleep for electricity saving mould
Formula, waiting wake up next time.
In the charging stage, transmitting terminal only can just keep charged state when persistently receiving infrared signal.And transmitting terminal
When encountering following several situations, stopping charging work: 1, when because the reasons such as personnel's move vehicle, cause vehicle to occur partially
It moves, when can not carry out infrared communication, transmitting terminal will stop working, and ensure safety, and save energy；2, charging process has terminated,
When receiving end has stopped infrared communication because charging current is too small, transmitting terminal will stop working；3, because vehicle parking position have compared with
Large deviation, system efficiency of transmission is lower, and receiving end charging current is smaller, and when receiving end being caused to stop infrared communication, transmitting terminal will
It stops working；4, transmitting terminal resonance current is excessive, when showing that receiving end can not effectively map direct impedance because of a variety of causes, transmitting
End will stop working.By the differentiation to these situations, transmitting terminal can be done rapidly when charging terminates or fortuitous event occurs
It responds out, stops charged state, to guarantee personnel and equipment safety, and save electric energy.If charged state need to be restarted,
User of service is needed to exclude unexpected state, or the button of consumption battery power and then retriggered transmitting terminal, again from ginseng
Number matching stage is started.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.Those skilled in the art
Member is it should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to technology made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from the inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature
Any combination and the other technical solutions formed.Such as features described above has similar function with (but being not limited to) disclosed herein
Can technical characteristic replaced mutually and the technical solution that is formed.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of parameter adjustment control for wireless charging system, which is characterized in that the parameter adjustment control includes: transmitting
Hold control module, multiple relays, series connection at least one inductor and multiple capacitors；
The transmitting terminal control module is configured as:
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control whether each inductor and/or each capacitor go here and there
Couple in the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module of the wireless charging system, to control the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Resonance frequency makes the resonance frequency of itself and receiving end match.
2. the parameter adjustment control according to claim 1 for wireless charging system, which is characterized in that the transmitting terminal
Control module is configured as:
The on-position of the multiple relay is controlled to control the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module minimum
Change between resonance frequency and highest resonance frequency；
The lowest resonant frequency are as follows: all inductors series connection enter transmitting terminal resonance coupling modules and all described
When capacitor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The highest resonance frequency are as follows: all capacitors series connection enter transmitting terminal resonance coupling modules and all described
When inductor does not access the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module, the resonance frequency of the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；
The original frequency of the lowest resonant frequency and the average value of highest resonance frequency and the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
It is equal；
It is described when the original frequency is that all inductors and the capacitor do not access transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
The resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module.
3. the parameter adjustment control according to claim 2 for wireless charging system, which is characterized in that
The capacitance of the capacitor meets following relationship: Ct1=Ct2/ 2=Ct3/22=...=Ctn/2n-1；
N is the total quantity of all capacitors, Ct1, Ct2、Ct3。。。。。。CtnRespectively the 1st capacitor, the 2nd capacitor,
3rd capacitor.The capacitance of n-th of capacitor.
4. a kind of wireless charging system, which is characterized in that including transmitting terminal and receiving end；The transmitting terminal includes by the work of power grid
Frequency alternating current is converted to the AC-DC module I of direct current, the AC-DC module I direct current exported is depressured and to be converted into amplitude adjustable
The output DC voltage of DC-DC module is converted to the high-frequency inversion module of square wave power and right is wanted by the DC-DC module of voltage
Ask transmitting terminal control module described in 1 to 3 any one and transmitting terminal resonance coupling module；The transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
It is connected to the output end of the high-frequency inversion module；The transmitting terminal control module and DC-DC module and high-frequency inversion module are believed
Number connection；The receiving end include with the receiving end resonance coupling module of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module opposing coupler, will receive
End resonance coupling module high-frequency electrical energy be converted to direct current energy AC-DC module II, by the output electric energy of AC-DC module II into
Row control is with the charge management module to charge to battery pack, the receiving end control module connecting with charge management module signal；Institute
Stating transmitting terminal further includes the output loading being connected in series with the transmitting terminal resonance coupling module as the high-frequency inversion module
Parameter adjustment module, the parameter adjustment module include capacitor described in claims 1 to 3 any one, inductor and
Relay.
5. wireless charging system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The receiving end further includes the infrared transmission module connecting with receiving end control module signal；
The transmitting terminal includes the infrared receiving module connecting with transmitting terminal control module signal；
The infrared receiving module is configured to: being used cooperatively with infrared transmission module, is received the charging letter of charge management module
Breath, the charge information includes the PWM duty cycle information in charging voltage and charging current and charge management module；
The transmitting terminal control module is configured to: according to charge information adjust high-frequency inversion module transmission power to battery
The charge power of group matches.
6. wireless charging system according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the DC-DC module includes transmitting terminal
BUCK circuit；The transmitting terminal control module sends the gate pole of pwm signal switching tube into the transmitting terminal BUCK circuit.
7. wireless charging system according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the receiving end resonance coupling module peace
Below the chassis of motor bicycle, electric bicycle, electro-tricycle or battery-operated motor cycle；The transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
It is laid on charging station ground；It is equipped with below the top of the receiving end resonance coupling module and transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Magnetic stripe.
8. a kind of parameter adjusting method for wireless charging system, which comprises the following steps:
The on-position of control relay does not access all inductor and capacitor in the circuit of transmitting terminal, so that transmitting terminal
The resonance frequency of resonance coupling module is original frequency, and first time frequency sweep records the resonance current of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module
Peak value is the first peak value；
The on-position of each relay is controlled, so that the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is on the basis of original frequency
1 setpoint frequency step-length of upper increase, second of frequency sweep, the resonance current peak value of record transmitting terminal resonance coupling module are the second peak
Value；
The difference for determining the first peak value and the second peak value is resonance current difference；
The final resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module is determined according to resonance current difference and the first peak value.
9. the parameter adjusting method according to claim 8 for wireless charging system, which is characterized in that described according to humorous
Vibration current differential and the first peak value determine the final resonance frequency of transmitting terminal resonance coupling module specifically:
Judge that resonance current difference for timing, inquires in the first peak value of setting and the corresponding data table of transmitting-receiving frequency difference
Transmitting-receiving frequency difference corresponding with the first peak value；The on-position of each relay is adjusted according to transmitting-receiving frequency difference, so that hair
The final resonance frequency for penetrating end resonance coupling module is to increase transmitting-receiving frequency difference on the basis of original frequency；
When judging that resonance current difference is negative, inquired in the first peak value of setting and the corresponding data table of transmitting-receiving frequency difference
Transmitting-receiving frequency difference corresponding with the first peak value；The on-position of each relay is adjusted according to transmitting-receiving frequency difference, so that hair
The final resonance frequency for penetrating end resonance coupling module is that transmitting-receiving frequency difference is reduced on the basis of original frequency；
Wherein transmitting-receiving frequency difference is the difference of the resonance frequency of receiving end and the resonance frequency of transmitting terminal.
10. it is a kind of using the motor bicycle of wireless charging system described in claim 4-7 any one, it is electric bicycle, electronic
Tricycle, battery-operated motor cycle.
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