CN109065727A - A kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of perovskite solar battery and preparation method thereof, is related to technical field of solar batteries.The preparation method includes: step S1, solves homogeneously in lead iodide and methylamine iodine in the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide, and anhydrous acetic acid ammonium is added, obtains perovskite precursor solution；Step S2, a substrate with transparent electrode is provided, substrate is cleaned；Step S3, electron transfer layer is formed on substrate after cleaning；Step S4, on the substrate for forming electron transfer layer, mesoporous layer is formed；Step S5, perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on the substrate for being formed with mesoporous layer using a step anti-solvent method, forms perovskite thin film, perovskite thin film is heated, form perovskite light-absorption layer；Step S6, on the substrate for being formed with perovskite light-absorption layer, carbon electrode is formed.Technical solution of the present invention can be improved the quality of perovskite light-absorption layer, improve the transfer efficiency of perovskite solar battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of solar batteries more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of perovskite solar battery.
Background technique
With the development of scientific and technological high speed, energy crisis is increasingly severe, however the mankind are continuously increased the demand of the energy,
So it is most important to solve demand of the mankind to the energy to find new energy and material, solar energy belongs to clean energy resource, is to meet
Growing one of the important method of energy demand in global range turns solar energy gradually by the highest attention of people
Other energy are turned to have great importance.
Perovskite solar battery is concerned and rapidly develops, and has direct band gap, high extinction coefficient, height based on it
Carrier mobility, small exciton binding energy many advantages, such as so that perovskite solar battery has in photovoltaic industry
Huge potential using value.Perovskite light-absorption layer plays the role of vital, perovskite in perovskite solar battery
The quality of light-absorption layer influences the transfer efficiency of perovskite solar battery very huge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery, and calcium in perovskite solar battery can be improved
The quality of titanium ore light-absorption layer improves the transfer efficiency of perovskite solar battery.
A kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery, perovskite solar battery are passed by substrate, transparent electrode, electronics
Defeated layer, mesoporous layer, perovskite light-absorption layer, six part of carbon electrode composition, the preparation step are as follows:
Step S1, lead iodide and methylamine iodine are solved homogeneously in the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide
In, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium is added, is stirred at a certain temperature to the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and is completely dissolved, obtain perovskite forerunner
Liquid solution is cooled to room temperature spare；
Step S2, a substrate with transparent electrode is provided, the substrate is cleaned；
Step S3, electron transfer layer is formed on the substrate after cleaning；
Step S4, on the substrate for forming the electron transfer layer, mesoporous layer is formed；
Step S5, the perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on using a step anti-solvent method and is formed with the mesoporous layer
On the substrate, perovskite thin film is formed, the perovskite thin film is heated, forms perovskite light-absorption layer；
Step S6, on the substrate for being formed with the perovskite light-absorption layer, carbon electrode is formed.
Optionally, in step S1, the molar ratio of the lead iodide and the methylamine iodine is 1:1, institute in the mixed solution
The volume ratio for stating dimethylformamide and the dimethyl sulfoxide is 9:1.
Optionally, in step S1, the molar ratio of the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and the lead iodide is 0.04%~0.1%.
Optionally, in step S1, the molar ratio of the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and the lead iodide is 0.08%.
Optionally, in step S1, after the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium is added, it is complete to the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium that 2h is stirred at 75 DEG C
Fully dissolved.
Optionally, in step S5, the perovskite thin film is heated to 100 DEG C~105 DEG C, heating time 30min.
Optionally, the material of the electron transfer layer be titanium dioxide, the electron transfer layer with a thickness of 20nm~
50nm。
Optionally, the material of the mesoporous layer be mesoporous TiO 2, the mesoporous layer with a thickness of 400nm~600nm.
Optionally, the perovskite light-absorption layer with a thickness of 300nm~500nm.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery, due in the preparation method,
First lead iodide and methylamine iodine are solved homogeneously in the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide, anhydrous acetic acid is added
Ammonium is stirred at a certain temperature to anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and is completely dissolved, and obtains perovskite precursor solution, is cooled to room temperature standby
With, it is subsequent that perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on the substrate for being formed with mesoporous layer using a step anti-solvent method, form calcium titanium
Mine film heats perovskite thin film, forms perovskite light-absorption layer, in above-mentioned heating process, acetate ion can be with gas
The volatilization of body form, and then perovskite crystal grain can be increased, grain boundary defects are reduced, ammonium ion can form NH4PbI3Interphase,
It is eventually converted into MAPbI3, ammonium ion is finally volatilized away in the form of ammonia, so that PbI2MAPbI is fully converted to MAI3,
To improve the perovskite trap density of states, reduce the complex loci of electrons and holes, so that using above-mentioned preparation method system
Perovskite light-absorption layer in standby obtained perovskite solar battery has high-crystallinity, low-defect-density, i.e. perovskite extinction
The quality of layer is preferable, is conducive to the extraction of electronics, reduces complex effect, the transmission of equilbrium carrier, to improve its photo electric
Can, and then improve the transfer efficiency of perovskite solar battery.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of perovskite solar battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of perovskite solar battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Wherein 1 is substrate, and 2 be transparent electrode, and 3 be electron transfer layer, and 4 be mesoporous layer, and 5 be perovskite light-absorption layer, and 6 be carbon
Electrode；
Fig. 3 is the XRD song of embodiment 1,2,3,4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the perovskite light-absorption layer in comparative example
Line；
Fig. 4 is the photoelectric conversion efficiency figure of embodiment 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and comparative example；
Fig. 5 is the time- resolved emission spectrometry figure of embodiment 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and comparative example.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the technical characteristic in the embodiment of the present invention can be combined with each other.
Inventors have found that ideal perovskite light-absorption layer should be even compact and continuous, homogeneous grain size, trap are close
Spend it is small, be based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is this
The flow chart of the preparation method for the perovskite solar battery that inventive embodiments provide, the preparation method include:
Step S1, by lead iodide (PbI2) and methylamine iodine (MAI) solve homogeneously in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl
In the mixed solution of formamide (DMF), anhydrous acetic acid ammonium (CH is added3COONH4), it is stirred at a certain temperature to anhydrous second
Sour ammonium is completely dissolved, and obtains perovskite precursor solution, is cooled to room temperature spare.
Optionally, in step S1, the molar ratio of lead iodide and methylamine iodine is 1:1, so that the two can be generated just
MAPbI3, not will cause waste, save the cost, the volume ratio of dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is 9:1 in mixed solution,
So that lead iodide and methylamine iodine are completely dissolved and react.
Inventors have found that the molar ratio of anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide prepares resulting perovskite suction to subsequent in step S1
The quality of photosphere has larger impact, by test of many times, selects in step S1 in the embodiment of the present invention, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and iodate
The molar ratio of lead is 0.04%~0.1%, preferably 0.08%, so that the performance of perovskite solar battery is preferable.
Optionally, in step S1, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium is added, 2h is stirred at 75 DEG C and is completely dissolved to anhydrous acetic acid ammonium.?
In whipping process, if solution becomes illustrating that anhydrous acetic acid ammonium has been completely dissolved in clarification bright yellow solution.
Step S2, a substrate with transparent electrode is provided, substrate is cleaned.
Wherein, transparent electrode should have preferable electric conductivity and transmitance.Optionally, the material of above-mentioned substrate can be glass
The material of glass or flexiplast, transparent electrode thereon can be fluorine tin-oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO) or aluminium zinc
Oxide.Preferably, it is 15 Ω, the fluorine tin-oxide that transmitance is 85% that the material of transparent electrode, which is resistance,.
Illustratively, the process cleaned to the substrate with transparent electrode includes: successively with detergent, deionization
Water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, isopropanol cleaning, and handled 10 minutes with UV ozone cleaning machine.
Step S3, electron transfer layer is formed on substrate after cleaning.
The material of electron transfer layer is metal oxide.Inventors have found that the conduction band of titanium dioxide and perovskite light-absorption layer
Conduction band matching and be readily synthesized, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention select titanium dioxide as in perovskite solar battery
Electron transfer layer.
In addition, inventor also found, if the thickness of electron transfer layer is smaller, the electronics that can be collected is less, if electric
The thickness of sub- transport layer is excessive, then influences electron-transport to transparent electrode, therefore, electron transfer layer needs to have suitable thick
Degree.In the embodiment of the present invention select electron transfer layer with a thickness of 20nm~50nm so that the performance of perovskite solar battery
Preferably.
Illustratively, in order to prepare with thickness range as above and material is the electron transfer layer of titanium dioxide, the present invention
Step S3 is specifically as follows in embodiment: the titania solution spin coating (such as with revolving speed of 4000r.p.m) of preparation is being had
Have on the substrate of transparent electrode, spin-coating time 20s, 10min then is heated to it using 100 DEG C of hot plate, obtains spin coating
Film hardening, then put it into Muffle furnace and heat, temperature be 500 DEG C, time 30min forms it into dense uniform
Oxidation layer film, using as electron transfer layer.
Step S4, on the substrate for forming electron transfer layer, mesoporous layer is formed.
Optionally, the material of mesoporous layer is mesopore metal oxide, the material of mesoporous layer can for mesoporous TiO 2 and/
Or mesoporous zircite.Wherein, its energy level of mesoporous TiO 2 is matched with the conduction band of perovskite light-absorption layer, uses meso-porous titanium dioxide
When titanium is as mesoporous layer, transmission electronics can be functioned well as and assist the effect of perovskite film forming, be based on this, the present invention is implemented
Select the material of mesoporous layer for mesoporous TiO 2 in example.
Preferably, the material of mesoporous layer be mesoporous TiO 2 when, mesoporous layer with a thickness of 400nm~600nm so that calcium
The performance of titanium ore solar battery is preferable.
Illustratively, in order to prepare with thickness range as above and material is the mesoporous layer of mesoporous TiO 2, the present invention
Step S4 is specifically as follows in embodiment: by prepared meso-porous titanium dioxide titanium solution spin coating (such as with 1700r.p.m turn
Speed) on the substrate for being formed with electron transfer layer, then spin-coating time 60s heats 30min to it using 120 DEG C of hot plate,
So that the solvent in meso-porous titanium dioxide titanium solution volatilizees completely, nano particle pore structure is formed, using as mesoporous layer.
Step S5, perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on the substrate for being formed with mesoporous layer using a step anti-solvent method,
Perovskite thin film is formed, perovskite thin film is heated, forms perovskite light-absorption layer.
Optionally, in step S5, perovskite thin film is heated to 100 DEG C~105 DEG C, heating time 30min, so that calcium
Perovskite in titanium ore solution is fully crystallized, and forms the perovskite thin film of even compact.
Inventors have found that perovskite light-absorption layer is mainly used for absorbing photon generation electron-hole pair, if perovskite light-absorption layer
Excessively thin, then the electron-hole pair produced is very little, is not enough to routine use, if perovskite light-absorption layer is blocked up, perovskite extinction
Layer defects are excessive, and crystalline quality is not high.Based on this, selected in the embodiment of the present invention, perovskite light-absorption layer with a thickness of 300nm~
500nm。
Optionally, anti-solvent used in a step anti-solvent method is chlorobenzene.
Illustratively, in order to prepare the perovskite light-absorption layer with thickness range as above, step S5 in the embodiment of the present invention
Be specifically as follows: using a step anti-solvent method (such as perovskite precursor solution spin coating 7s, 100 μ L's of fast drop
Chlorobenzene) spin coating (such as with revolving speed of 4000r.p.m) is on mesoporous layer, spin-coating time 25s, the continuous calcium of even compact is made
Titanium ore film then heats 30min on 105 DEG C of hot plate, until perovskite thin film becomes dark-brown from light yellow, that is, is formed
Perovskite light-absorption layer.
Step S6, on the substrate for being formed with perovskite light-absorption layer, carbon electrode is formed.
Since conductive carbon paste is cheap, energy level is matched with perovskite, and uses its easily prepared carbon electrode, the present invention
It is selected in embodiment, (such as mode with silk-screen printing) conductive carbon paste is brushed on the substrate for being formed with perovskite light-absorption layer.
In addition, conductive carbon paste can also directly extract the hole of perovskite light-absorption layer generation, and can be hydrophobic, so that perovskite extinction
Layer is not corroded decomposition, improves the stability of perovskite solar battery.
Inventors have found that it is not easy to the extraction in hole if the thickness of carbon electrode is excessively thin, if the thickness of carbon electrode is blocked up,
It then will increase the resistance of carbon electrode.Based on this, selected in the embodiment of the present invention, carbon electrode with a thickness of 20 μm~30 μm.
It should be noted that step S3 must be carried out upon step s 2, step S4 must be carried out after step s 3, step
Rapid S5 must be carried out after step S4 and step S1, and step S6 must be carried out after step s 5, but step S1 can be in step
It carries out, can also be carried out before step S2, step S3 and step S4 after rapid S2, step S3 and step S4, the present invention is implemented
Example is to this without limiting.
Since lead iodide and methylamine iodine are first solved homogeneously in dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl formyl in the preparation method
In the mixed solution of amine, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium is added, is stirred at a certain temperature to anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and is completely dissolved, obtain calcium
Titanium ore precursor solution, be cooled to room temperature it is spare, it is subsequent that perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on shape using a step anti-solvent method
At on the substrate for having mesoporous layer, perovskite thin film is formed, perovskite thin film is heated, forms perovskite light-absorption layer, is added above-mentioned
In thermal process, acetate ion can volatilize in gaseous form, and then can increase perovskite crystal grain, reduce grain boundary defects, ammonium
Radical ion can form NH4PbI3Interphase is eventually converted into MAPbI3, ammonium ion finally volatilized away in the form of ammonia, made
Obtain PbI2MAPbI is fully converted to MAI3, to improve the perovskite trap density of states, reduce the compound of electrons and holes
Site, so that the perovskite light-absorption layer in the perovskite solar battery being prepared using above-mentioned preparation method is with highly crystalline
Degree, the quality of low-defect-density, i.e. perovskite light-absorption layer is preferable, is conducive to the extraction of electronics, reduces complex effect, balances current-carrying
The transmission of son to improve its photoelectric properties, and then improves the transfer efficiency of perovskite solar battery.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of perovskite solar battery, the perovskite solar battery use with
The preparation method preparation of upper described in any item perovskite solar batteries.Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is that the present invention is implemented
Example provide perovskite solar battery structural schematic diagram, the perovskite solar battery include the substrate 1 set gradually, thoroughly
Prescribed electrode 2, electron transfer layer 3, mesoporous layer 4, perovskite light-absorption layer 5 and carbon electrode 6.Wherein, substrate 1 is used to support transparent electrode
2, transparent electrode 2 can be electrically connected with external circuit, for collecting electronics, and by electron-transport to external circuit；Electron transfer layer 3 is used for
Receive electronics and by electron-transport to transparent electrode 2；Mesoporous layer 4 is used for transmission electronics and auxiliary perovskite film forming；Perovskite is inhaled
Photosphere 5 is for absorbing photonexcited electron-hole pair；Carbon electrode 6 can be electrically connected with external circuit, for collecting hole, and will be empty
Cave is transmitted to external circuit.
The course of work of above-mentioned perovskite solar battery is as follows: when perovskite solar battery receives sunlight irradiation
When, perovskite light-absorption layer 5 absorbs photon first and generates electron-hole pair, and electronics reaches electron-transport by the transmission of mesoporous layer 4
Layer 3, and then collected by the transparent electrode 2 on substrate 1, and then be transmitted to external circuit, hole is extracted and is collected by carbon electrode 6,
And then it is transmitted to external circuit.
Above-mentioned perovskite solar battery prepares gained, therefore, perovskite therein using the preparation method of the foregoing description
Light-absorption layer has high-crystallinity, and the quality of low-defect-density, i.e. perovskite light-absorption layer is preferable, is conducive to the extraction of electronics, reduces
Complex effect, the transmission of equilbrium carrier to improve its photoelectric properties, and then improve the conversion effect of perovskite solar battery
Rate.
It should be noted that the related content in the preparation method of above-mentioned perovskite solar battery is suitable for herein
Perovskite solar battery, is no longer repeated herein.
Below in conjunction with comparative example and multiple embodiments, further the present invention will be described.
Comparative example
The preparation method of perovskite solar battery in comparative example 1 includes the following steps:
Step 1: by lead iodide and methylamine iodine, 1:1 solves homogeneously in dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide in molar ratio
In mixed solution, the volume ratio of dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide is 9:1 in mixed solution；It is complete to its in 75 DEG C of stirring 2h
Fully dissolved is made perovskite precursor solution, is cooled to room temperature spare in clarification bright yellow solution；
Step 2: selecting FTO glass as the substrate with transparent electrode, and successively use detergent, deionized water, second
Alcohol, acetone, isopropanol cleaning, and handled 10 minutes with UV ozone cleaning machine；
Step 3: the speed of prepared titania solution 4000r.p.m is spin-coated on the substrate of step 2, spin coating
Time is 20s, and then hot plate heats 100 DEG C of times as 30min, forms it into fine and close electron transfer layer；
Step 4: prepared meso-porous titanium dioxide titanium solution to be spin-coated on to the substrate of step 3 by the speed of 1700r.p.m
On, spin-coating time 60s, and 120 DEG C of times are heated on hot plate as 30min, form it into mesoporous layer；
Step 5: the perovskite precursor solution that step 1 prepares is spin-coated on step 4 with a step anti-solvent spin-coating method
Substrate on, revolving speed 4000r.p.m, spin coating 25s obtain the perovskite thin film of 400-500nm thickness, then in 105 DEG C of heat
30min is heated on plate, until perovskite thin film becomes dark-brown from light yellow, forms perovskite light-absorption layer；
Step 6: brushing carbon electrode is carried out on passing through sample of the step 1 to five with the mode of silk-screen printing, until brush
Apply carbon electrode with a thickness of 20-30 μm.
Embodiment 1
In the preparation method of perovskite solar battery in embodiment 1, step 2 to four is identical with comparative example, no
It is only that with point, when preparing perovskite precursor solution in step 1, is additionally added anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide
Between molar ratio be 0.04%, at 75 DEG C stir 2h to its be completely dissolved in clarification bright yellow solution, be made perovskite before
Liquid solution is driven, is cooled to room temperature spare.
Embodiment 2
In the preparation method of perovskite solar battery in embodiment 2, step 2 to four is identical with comparative example, no
It is only that with point, when preparing perovskite precursor solution in step 1, is additionally added anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide
Between molar ratio be 0.06%, at 75 DEG C stir 2h to its be completely dissolved in clarification bright yellow solution, be made perovskite before
Liquid solution is driven, is cooled to room temperature spare.
Embodiment 3
In the preparation method of perovskite solar battery in embodiment 3, step 2 to four is identical with comparative example, no
It is only that with point, when preparing perovskite precursor solution in step 1, is additionally added anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide
Between molar ratio be 0.08%, at 75 DEG C stir 2h to its be completely dissolved in clarification bright yellow solution, be made perovskite before
Liquid solution is driven, is cooled to room temperature spare.
Implement 4
In the preparation method of perovskite solar battery in embodiment 4, step 2 to four is identical with comparative example, no
It is only that with point, when preparing perovskite precursor solution in step 1, is additionally added anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide
Between molar ratio be 0.10%, at 75 DEG C stir 2h to its be completely dissolved in clarification bright yellow solution, be made perovskite before
Liquid solution is driven, is cooled to room temperature spare.
Device performance test:
Perovskite solar battery made from comparative example and Examples 1 to 4 is respectively placed under standard solar simulator,
Carry out the test of device photovoltaic performance.Solar simulator (Newport) AM 1.5G light of 100mW/cm2 is used in experimentation
Current Voltage according under is measured in air at room temperature by Current Voltage instrument (Keithley2400).
As shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the perovskite extinction in embodiment 1,2,3,4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and comparative example
The XRD curve of layer, ordinate indicates peak value (Intensity) in Fig. 3, and abscissa indicates 2 θ (θ is the angle of diffraction), is by by calcium
Titanium ore precursor solution is tested after spin-on-glass in the same way, from Fig. 3 it is obvious that with
The increase of addition anhydrous acetic acid ammonium amount, the crystalline quality of perovskite light-absorption layer increase, peak intensity gradually increases, and anhydrous second is added
After sour ammonium, the peak position of XRD shows that introducing anhydrous acetic acid ammonium does not change calcium titanium there is no variation and not extra peak appearance
The ingredient of mine, and when the molar ratio of anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and lead iodide is 0.08%, XRD peak value highest, perovskite light-absorption layer
Crystallinity is best.
As shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 is the photoelectric conversion efficiency figure of embodiment 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and comparative example, Fig. 4
Middle ordinate indicates short-circuit current density (Current density), and abscissa indicates open-circuit voltage (Voltage), can by Fig. 4
To find out, the short-circuit current density for the perovskite solar battery prepared by embodiment 3 is 24.35mA/cm2, open circuit electricity
Pressure is 0.98V, and the short-circuit current density for the perovskite solar battery that comparative example is prepared is 20.15mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage
For 0.89V, compared with comparative example, the performance for the perovskite solar battery that embodiment 3 is prepared is improved largely.
As shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is the time- resolved emission spectrometry figure of embodiment 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and comparative example,
Ordinate indicates intensity (Normalized PL Intensity) in Fig. 5, and abscissa indicates time (Time), to data in Fig. 5
It carries out obtaining τ 1 and τ 2 after double exponential fitting, wherein what τ 1 was characterized is perovskite light-absorption layer and carbon electrode and electron transfer layer
Between the electronics that causes and hole it is compound, what τ 2 was characterized is the compound of the electronics caused inside perovskite light-absorption layer and hole.
The fitting parameter of the perovskite light-absorption layer for the perovskite solar battery prepared by embodiment 3 are as follows: A1=0.11, τ 1=
0.59ns, A2=0.89, τ 2=125.38ns, wherein A1, A2 respectively represent percentage shared by τ 1, τ 2.By comparative example system
The fitting parameter of the perovskite light-absorption layer of standby perovskite solar battery out are as follows: A1 '=0.17, τ 1 '=0.58ns, A2 '=
0.83, τ 2 '=66.331ns, wherein A1 ', A2 ' respectively represent percentage shared by τ 1 ', τ 2 '.It can be seen by result above
Out, the average life span of carrier is only 55ns (by 1 '+A2 ' * τ 2 ' of A1 ' * τ in the perovskite solar battery that comparative example is prepared
Calculate gained), and the average life span of carrier is up to 112ns (by A1* τ in the perovskite solar battery that embodiment 3 is prepared
1+A2* τ 2 calculates gained), illustrate that introducing anhydrous acetic acid ammonium reduces the defect state density of perovskite light-absorption layer, electronics and sky
The compound reduction in cave, helps to improve the luminous efficiency of perovskite solar battery.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of perovskite solar battery, which is characterized in that perovskite solar battery is by substrate, transparent electricity
Pole, electron transfer layer, mesoporous layer, perovskite light-absorption layer, six part of carbon electrode composition, specific preparation process is as follows:
Step S1, lead iodide and methylamine iodine are solved homogeneously in the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide, is added
Enter anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, is stirred at a certain temperature to the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and is completely dissolved, it is molten to obtain perovskite presoma
Liquid is cooled to room temperature spare；
Step S2, a substrate with transparent electrode is provided, the substrate is cleaned；
Step S3, electron transfer layer is formed on the substrate after cleaning；
Step S4, on the substrate for forming the electron transfer layer, mesoporous layer is formed；
Step S5, the perovskite precursor solution is spin-coated on using a step anti-solvent method and is formed with described in the mesoporous layer
On substrate, perovskite thin film is formed, the perovskite thin film is heated, forms perovskite light-absorption layer；
Step S6, on the substrate for being formed with the perovskite light-absorption layer, carbon electrode is formed.
2. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step S1
The molar ratio of lead iodide and the methylamine iodine is 1:1, and dimethylformamide described in the mixed solution and the dimethyl are sub-
The volume ratio of sulfone is 9:1.
3. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step S1
The molar ratio of anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and the lead iodide is 0.04%~0.1%.
4. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described in step S1
The molar ratio of anhydrous acetic acid ammonium and the lead iodide is 0.08%.
5. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S1, be added
After the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium, 2h is stirred at 75 DEG C and is completely dissolved to the anhydrous acetic acid ammonium.
6. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S5, by institute
It states perovskite thin film and is heated to 100 DEG C~105 DEG C, heating time 30min.
7. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electron transfer layer
Material be titanium dioxide, the electron transfer layer with a thickness of 20nm~50nm.
8. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the mesoporous layer
Matter is mesoporous TiO 2, the mesoporous layer with a thickness of 400nm~600nm.
9. the preparation method of perovskite solar battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the perovskite extinction
Layer with a thickness of 300nm~500nm.
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