CN109064027A - Sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD - Google Patents

Sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD Download PDF

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CN109064027A
CN109064027A CN201810876830.9A CN201810876830A CN109064027A CN 109064027 A CN109064027 A CN 109064027A CN 201810876830 A CN201810876830 A CN 201810876830A CN 109064027 A CN109064027 A CN 109064027A
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吕健
王震
黄海松
张文召
袁庆霓
蓝伟文
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Guizhou University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于AHP和QFD的分拣设备质量评估方法，包括下述步骤：（1）分拣设备定制需求体系建立；（2）运用层次分析法(AHP)，确定各项用户需求权重；（3）确定质量特性及其目标值；（4）引入对比设备并进行专家打分评估；（5）结合上述步骤中的结果，运用质量功能展开（QFD）工具构建质量屋（HOQ）；（6）结合上述步骤的计算结果，对两对比分拣设备进行市场竞争能力评估和技术能力评估，并提出分拣设备定制质量改进方向。本发明结合AHP和QFD方法，能够将用户需求转化为设计需求，提高个性化定制的用户满意度，且具有较强可操作性和通用性。

The invention discloses a sorting equipment quality evaluation method based on AHP and QFD, which includes the following steps: (1) establishing a sorting equipment customization demand system; (2) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine various user needs Weight; (3) Determine the quality characteristics and their target values; (4) Introduce comparative equipment and conduct expert scoring evaluation; (5) Combining the results of the above steps, use the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) tool to construct the House of Quality (HOQ); (6) Combined with the calculation results of the above steps, evaluate the market competitiveness and technical capabilities of the two contrasting sorting equipment, and propose the quality improvement direction of sorting equipment customization. The invention combines AHP and QFD methods, can convert user requirements into design requirements, improve user satisfaction in personalized customization, and has strong operability and versatility.

Description

Sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD
Technical field
The invention belongs to quality engineering technical fields, concretely relate to a kind of sorting device matter based on AHP and QFD Measure appraisal procedure.
Background technique
In modern enterprise manufacturing process, the satisfied core objective for having become Quality Strategy of Enterprises of user and quality are set The important foundation of meter.With the diversification of user demand, the core that personalized customization mode has been increasingly becoming manufacturing enterprise is competing Strive power.Around personalized customization equipment designing quality issue of improvement, distinct methods are applied.
In modern technologies, it is quantitatively evaluated for the integration capability of non-standard equipment supplier, with the method for network analysis, Macro coordination ability, technique and processing sequence, manufacture are processed respectively by establishing prediction model, Optimized model, Coordination Model Ability is analyzed；Modularization and adaptable design technology combine the exploitation to realize non-standard equipment new product；Pass through quality Function is unfolded (QFD) and obtains correlativity between mass property, solves with system innovation method (SIT) to negative relationship, It is a kind of effective design innovative solution；In conjunction with the comprehensive designing method of QFD, TRIZ theory and Taguchi's method Quality Innovation design equally may be implemented.Basic function and auxiliary in Product Design Quality are established with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP) Each element hierarchical model such as function, is calculated each element weight distribution coefficient.But these methods can not need user It asks and is converted into design requirement, be not avoided that influence of the subjective experience to user requirement evaluation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome disadvantages mentioned above and design requirement can be converted for user demand by providing one kind, mention The sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD of the user satisfaction of high individual customization.
A kind of sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD of the invention, includes the following steps:
(1) automatic sorting apparatus customized demand Establishing: start with from the most basic demand of user is met, determine automatic sorting Device customizing user demand index；Establish automatic sorting apparatus customized demand recursive hierarchy structure system；
(2) it determines every user demand weight: using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP), determine each user demand phase of each level The weight coefficient of the opposite general objective layer of weight coefficient and each user demand of the bottom for upper level user demand；
(3) mass property and its target value are determined: converting engineering design language for user requirements language, is chosen and automatic The closely related mass property of sorting device customized user demand according to user demand survey data and combines relevant criterion, The target value of reasonable analysis items mass property；
(4) it introduces comparative apparatus and carries out expert estimation assessment: introducing the automatic sorting apparatus for needing quality improvement and same Outstanding equipment in class product carries out expert to two comparative apparatus in conjunction with user demand and mass property target value and assesses marking；
(5) with quality function deployment (QFD) building Planning Model for House of Quality (HOQ): in conjunction in above-mentioned steps as a result, with quality (QFD) tools build Planning Model for House of Quality (HOQ) is unfolded in function；
(6) analysis is compared to two comparative apparatus: in conjunction with the calculated result of above-mentioned steps, two comparison automatic sortings is set It is standby to carry out market competitiveness assessment and technical capability assessment, and propose that automatic sorting apparatus customizes quality improvement direction.
The above-mentioned sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD, in which: the automatic sorting in the step (1) is set Standby customized demand recursive hierarchy structure system: first layer is automatic sorting apparatus customization aggregate demand；The second layer is by automatic sorting Device customizing aggregate demand falls into 5 types a point demand: economy, quality, performance, efficiency, brand；Third layer is the refinement of 5 class point demands User demand.
The above-mentioned sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD, in which: dividing in the step (2) with level Analysis method (AHP) determines items user demand weight, comprising the following steps:
1) subordinate relation in demand system between each element is analyzed, the recursive hierarchy structure of demand system is established；
2) weight judgment matrix is constructed to element a certain in the relatively upper level of each element in same level；By judgment matrix Calculate the relative weighting of the relatively upper one layer of element of this layer of each element；Expert graded is used in Judgement Matricies；
The expert graded is a kind of qualitative description quantitative method, uses 1-9 grades of different degree scaling laws in contrast with Indicate that demand i and demand j is of equal importance compared with every user demand different degree assignment -1 in judgment matrix；3 indicate demand i ratio Demand j is slightly important；5 indicate that demand i is obviously more important than demand j；7 indicate that demand i is strongly more important than demand j；9 indicate demand i It is more extremely important than demand j；2, the median of 4,6,8 adjacent two judgements；1/3,1/5,1/7,1/9 the reverse comparison of two comparative runs is indicated Result；
3) to every layer of judgment matrix list weight order and consistency check is carried out；
4) total hierarchial sorting of the bottom each element relative to top element is calculated；
Total hierarchial sorting refer to bottom all elements for the weight order of top (i.e. first layer) relative importance, That is aij=bi×cij(i=1,2 ..., 5；J=1,2 ..., 6), if with B layers in either element bjJudgment matrix in C layers corresponding Coincident indicator be CIj, Aver-age Random Consistency Index RIj, then the C layers of random consistency ratio CR that always sorts are as follows:
5) consistency check is carried out to total hierarchial sorting.
The above-mentioned sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD, in which: the utilization quality function in the step (5) (QFD) building Planning Model for House of Quality (HOQ) can be unfolded, comprising the following steps:
1) user demand and mass property fill up Planning Model for House of Quality: according to user demand and its different degree, the left wall of HOQ is constructed, That is column matrix；According to the ceiling of prevailing quality characteristic and quality improvement direction building HOQ, i.e. row matrix；
2) construct relational matrix, determine mass property different degree: to user demand and the relationship of corresponding mass property into Row analysis assessment, defines sxy(x=1,2,3 ..., e；Y=1,2,3 ..., f) indicate that x-th of mass property and y-th of user need Coefficient of relationship between asking, it is strong, in, weak relationship distinguish value 9,3,1, opening relationships matrix, the i.e. room HOQ；
3) competitiveness is assessed: actual user's survey data is referred to, determines that each equipment meets the degree that user demand reaches, Using scoring method, competitiveness evaluating matrix, the right wall as HOQ are constructed；
4) it determines mass property target value: according to user demand survey data and combining relevant criterion, reasonable analysis is every The target value of mass property, the floor as HOQ；
5) technical capability is assessed: being analyzed by expert two sorting device manufacturing enterprises, using scoring method, is looked forward to two Industry carries out technical capability assessment, constructing technology capability assessment matrix；
6) correlativity between evaluation quality characteristic: correlativity establishes correlation matrix (positive between assay mass property Close, be negatively correlated, without correlation), as the roof HOQ.
The present invention has apparent feasibility effect compared with the prior art, as it can be seen from the above scheme, from meeting user Most basic demand is started with, and determines automatic sorting apparatus customized user demand parameter；It establishes automatic sorting apparatus customized demand and passs rank Multi-level structure；With analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP), it may be determined that every user demand weight, it is qualitative and quantitative so as to combine, Solve the problems, such as quality evaluation.Automatic sorting apparatus customized demand Planning Model for House of Quality building, as connecting user in product development process The classical tool of demand and product quality characteristics reflects the correlation between user demand and product engineering feature.In short, Present invention combination AHP and QFD method, can convert design requirement for user demand, and the user for improving personalized customization is satisfied Degree, and there is stronger operability and versatility.
Below by way of specific embodiment, beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the demand layer structure chart in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the Planning Model for House of Quality structural schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the sorting device Planning Model for House of Quality structural schematic diagram in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and preferred embodiment, to the sorting device quality proposed according to the present invention based on AHP and QFD Appraisal procedure specific embodiment, feature and its effect, detailed description is as follows.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of product customization method of case-based reasioning of the invention includes the following steps:
(1) automatic sorting apparatus customized demand Establishing: start with from the most basic demand of user is met, determine automatic sorting Device customizing user demand index；Establish automatic sorting apparatus customized demand recursive hierarchy structure system；
(2) it determines every user demand weight: using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP), determine each user demand phase of each level The weight coefficient of the opposite general objective layer of weight coefficient and each user demand of the bottom for upper level user demand；
(3) mass property and its target value are determined: converting engineering design language for user requirements language, is chosen and automatic The closely related mass property of sorting device customized user demand according to user demand survey data and combines relevant criterion, The target value of reasonable analysis items mass property；
(4) it introduces comparative apparatus and carries out expert estimation assessment: introducing the automatic sorting apparatus for needing quality improvement and same Outstanding equipment in class product carries out expert to two comparative apparatus in conjunction with user demand and mass property target value and assesses marking；
(5) with quality function deployment (QFD) building Planning Model for House of Quality (HOQ): in conjunction in above-mentioned steps as a result, with quality (QFD) tools build Planning Model for House of Quality (HOQ) is unfolded in function；
(6) analysis is compared to two comparative apparatus: in conjunction with the calculated result of above-mentioned steps, two comparison automatic sortings is set It is standby to carry out market competitiveness assessment and technical capability assessment, and propose that automatic sorting apparatus customizes quality improvement direction.
Embodiment:
1 automatic sorting apparatus user demand Establishing and different degree determine
1.1 analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (Analyt ic Hierarchy Process, AHP) is a kind of application network Systems Theory and more Objective comprehensive assessment method, in conjunction with qualitative and quantitative, the level weight method of decision analysis of solution multiple target challenge.
It is as follows to make a concrete analysis of evaluation procedure:
(1) automatic sorting apparatus customized user demand layer structural model is established, first layer A, second layer B and third are divided into Layer C；
(2) user demand is successively compared two-by-two, judges the relative Link Importance between each layer element, construct each layer judgement Matrix X=(xij)n×n。
(3) root method is used, the characteristic vector W and Maximum characteristic root λ of judgment matrix X are calculatedmax.Corresponding to characteristic vector W Component be the single sequence of corresponding element weighted value, Maximum characteristic root λmaxConsistency for test and judge matrix.It is main Steps are as follows:
1) continued product of the every row element of judgment matrix X is calculated, i.e.,
2) M is soughtiN times root, i.e.,
3) to vectorNormalization, i.e.,
Gained vector W=[w1,w2,L,wn]TIt is required feature vector.
4) maximum eigenvalue λ is calculatedmax, i.e.,
Wherein (XW)iFor i-th component of judgment matrix X and characteristic vector W product.
5) coincident indicator is calculatedAver-age Random Consistency Index RI value is checked in, random consistency ratio is calculatedAs CR < 0.1, then it is assumed that constructed judgment matrix has satisfied consistency.
1.2 automatic sorting apparatus customized demand Establishings
Using P company logistics automatic sorting apparatus as research object, obtained with reference to corporate device research and development department and consumers' opinions Then every demand is carried out sorted generalization by automatic sorting apparatus customized demand, construct automatic sorting apparatus customized user demand Hierarchical system, as shown in Figure 2.First layer is automatic sorting apparatus customization aggregate demand；The second layer is to customize automatic sorting apparatus Aggregate demand falls into 5 types a point demand: economy, quality, performance, efficiency, brand；Third layer is the user demand of 5 class point demands refinement, Such as acquisition expenses is reasonable, equipment safety is reliable, the satisfied specific requirements of working efficiency.
1.3 automatic sorting apparatus customized demand different degrees determine
User demand different degree is basic quantitative index important in QFD, i.e., every demand is carried out quantitative marking, with table Show the significance level index of every demand.By modes such as expert estimation, relevant operation personnel and user's questionnaire surveys to items User demand carries out evaluation of classification.It makes a careful inquiry to actual user, is analyzed by professional designer and divided automatically Device customizing demand estimation matrix is picked, uses 1-9 grades of different degree scaling laws important for user demand every in multilevel iudge matrix Assignment is spent, calculates second and third layer of automatic sorting apparatus items user demand weight coefficient with AHP method.Different degree grade and Its meaning is as shown in table 1.
1 judgment matrix different degree grade of table and its meaning
It show that judgment matrix second layer items user demand different degree scores by comparing two-by-two, which is calculated to obtain by root method The weight coefficient of every element, concrete outcome are as shown in table 2.
Table 2B1~B5Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (bi)
As shown in Table 2, the weight of efficiency index B4 is maximum, is 0.3402, indicates that working efficiency is to influence automatic sorting to set The primary factor of alternative；Followed by performance indicator B3, accounting 0.2674；Quality, economy and brand index distinguish accounting
0.2466,0.0882,0.0576.
Judgment matrix is established with AHP, third layer user demand relatively determines respective different degree two-by-two and calculates every power Weight coefficient, as a result as shown in table 3- table 7.
Table 3C11~C14Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (cij)
Table 4C21~C26Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (cij)
Table 5C31~C36Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (cij)
Table 6C41Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (cij)
Table 7C51~C55Judgment matrix and its correlation calculation result (cij)
Carry out total hierarchial sorting consistency check.Total hierarchial sorting refers to bottom all elements for top (i.e. One layer) weight order of relative importance, i.e. aij=bi × cij (i=1,2 ..., 5；J=1,2 ..., 6).
If the coincident indicator of judgment matrix is CIj in C layers corresponding with either element bj in B layers, mean random is consistent Property index be RIj, then C layers of random consistency ratio CR that always sorts are as follows:
Random consistency ratio CR=0.0676 < 0.1 of always sorting is acquired, consistency check is met.It is total by what is be calculated Weight order carries out consolidation processing, obtains demand weight of the bottom each element in general objective, as shown in table 8.
8 user demand different degree of table
The building of 2 automatic sorting apparatus customized demand Planning Model for House of Quality
2.1 quality function deployments and Planning Model for House of Quality
Quality function deployment (Quality Function Deployment, QFD) as it is a kind of the design phase application Quality-controlsystem in management method, user demand be deployed into design, manufacture, assembly, after sale etc. in each link, it is ensured that user Demand is embodied in front of production, is creatively controlled to beforehand control the quality administration idea of enterprise from the later period and is changed, Most direct advantage is exactly to reduce design time and design change, reduces manufacturing cost, improves Product Design Quality and user is full Meaning degree.
Planning Model for House of Quality (House of Quality, HOQ) is the core for driving entire QFD process, as product development The classical tool for connecting user demand and product quality characteristics in the process, reflects between user demand and product engineering feature Correlation.Structure is as shown in Figure 3.
2.2 mass propertys are extracted
Automatic sorting apparatus design is related to many aspects with manufacturing process, and system structure is complicated, wherein setting with automatic sorting The associated mass property of standby user demand is more, chooses and the closely related mass property of user demand, including 5 stages: Design phase, fabrication stage, erection stage, debugging stage, after-sale service etc., each stage is specifically segmented as shown in Figure 4.
2.3 Planning Model for House of Quality are built
According to user demand obtained as above and its different degree and mass property, Planning Model for House of Quality is constructed by QFD theory.Building Planning Model for House of Quality mainly includes following 6 steps:
Step 1: user demand and mass property fill up Planning Model for House of Quality.According to user demand and its different degree, a left side of HOQ is constructed Wall, i.e. column matrix；According to prevailing quality characteristic and 3 kinds of improvement directions (↑: be the bigger the better；↓: it is the smaller the better；-: median), structure Build the ceiling of HOQ, i.e. row matrix.
Step 2: building relational matrix determines mass property different degree.To the pass of user demand and corresponding mass property System carries out analysis assessment, defines sxy (x=1,2,3 ..., e；Y=1,2,3 ..., f) indicate x-th of mass property and y-th of use Coefficient of relationship between the demand of family, it is strong, in, weak relationship distinguish value 9,3,1, opening relationships matrix, the i.e. room HOQ.
Step 3: competitiveness assessment.With reference to actual user's survey data, determine that P company and K company meet user demand The degree reached constructs competitiveness evaluating matrix, the right side as HOQ using 5 points of system marking (1-5 indicates worst to best) Wall.
Step 4: determining mass property target value.According to user demand
Survey data simultaneously combines relevant criterion, the target value of reasonable analysis items mass property, the floor as HOQ.
Step 5: technical capability assessment.Two logistics sorting device manufacturing enterprises are analyzed by expert, are beaten using 5 points of systems Divide (1-5 indicates that 1 is worst, and 5 is best), technical capability assessment, constructing technology capability evaluation are carried out to P company and two enterprise of K company Matrix.
According to the relationship of mass property and relative users demand, mass property different degree is determined: defining tx=∑ (sxy× uy) be xth item mass property absolutely essential degree, sxy be xth item mass property and y user demands coefficient of relationship, uy For y user demand different degree values.Definition vx is xth item mass property relative Link Importance, thenWith phase To different degree classification (best result indicates 10 grades) is carried out on the basis of different degree best result, every different degree grade=this is relatively heavy Spend score value/highest relative Link Importance score value × 10.Four (technical capability evaluating matrix, absolutely essential degree, relative Link Importance, Different degree grade) collectively form HOQ basement.
Step 6: correlativity between evaluation quality characteristic.Correlativity establishes correlation matrix between assay mass property (be positively correlated, be negatively correlated, without correlation), as the roof HOQ.DefinitionStrong positive correlation is represented, zero represents weak positive correlation,It represents strong Negative correlation, Δ represent weak negative correlation.
It is as shown in Figure 4 to construct complete Planning Model for House of Quality.
The analysis of 3 Planning Model for House of Quality
3.1 competitiveness assess comparative analysis
As shown in 9 result of table, it is total that K company logistics Automatic Sorting total score is higher than P company logistics Automatic Sorting Score illustrates that K company Logistics Equipment has higher user's competitiveness with respect to P company.In equipment safety reliability, automation In degree and working efficiency, K company score is apparently higher than P company.In addition to this, K company has relatively high innovation ability, Equipment is easily detachable assembling, and manufacture craft is more superior, and equipment component replaceability is strong, can adapt to a variety of work Environment.
But on the economic costs such as purchasing, transporting, install and safeguard, P company is higher than K company, and a combination thereof is more Rationally, it is easy to maintenance and inspection, failure rate is significant lower, and fault-tolerance is more preferable, while energy saving, and after-sale service is more excellent, therefore, tool There is certain market share.Existing logistics automatic sorting apparatus demand be gradually intended to more efficient, equipment is more excellent, service more Good direction is developed, and under the premise of P company should be ensured that cost is reasonable, equipment combination is reasonable and low energy consumption as a result, improves enterprise Innovation ability, and then improve equipment dependability and working efficiency.
9 market competitiveness of table assesses comparison result
3.2 technical capabilities assess comparative analysis
By table 10 the results show that K company total score is apparently higher than P company total score.From the point of view of enterprise's angle, K company phase There is higher technical advantage than P company, determination, the application of standard component, equipment especially in sketch scheme and expected scheme Operational efficiency, the collection of feedback information and solution of failure etc., but expense budget, equipment safety reliability, The combination and installation of equipment etc. Shortcomings.
3.3 market competitions and technology evaluation comprehensive analysis
Comprehensive market competition and technical capability analysis and assessment, compared with P company, K company is obtained with higher technical indicator Preferable market evaluation.In order to further increase the market competitiveness of P company logistics automatic sorting apparatus, in planning from now on In construction, core is to enhance the innovation ability of enterprise itself, and guidance enterprise constantly brings forth new ideas logistics equipment service and technology, is met more The logistics of memberization sorts demand.P company can improve by the following method the market competitiveness: user demand is 1. actively excavated, it is deep Level and user's communication exchange, detailed understanding user most essential requirement point；2. in conjunction with relevant national standard, using standard zero portion Part improves speed of production and equipment replaceability；3. introduce technology the talent, innovative means, working efficiency is improved, it is full to improve user Meaning degree；4. collecting feedback information, failure is reduced, trains maintenance personal, improves maintenance efficiency.P company can pass through formulation Long-range user demand management objectives establish and improve equipment standard manufacturing system, facilities and equipments innovation mechanism and efficiency mechanism, training The methods of after-sale service personnel are instructed to improve management of enterprise operation and technical capability.
Correlativity is analyzed between 3.4 mass propertys
The roof for the HOQ that the building of analysis chart 3 is completed, it can be found that the application of standardized product structure and spare part in common use with take With strong negative correlativing relation is presented between budget.In addition, the receipts of the safety of equipment, Stability and dependability and field feedback Collect negative correlation.It therefore, can be by the innovation level that develops skill come the negative correlation between weakening part mass property, still It is simple to will definitely increase expense budget by the raising of technical innovation level, it is not easy to achieve the purpose that improvement, so, ensuring work Under the premise of making efficiency, balance between comprehensive consideration costs and benefits strives for the result for reaching two-win.
In short, present invention combination AHP and QFD method, to P company and K company logistics automatic sorting apparatus carry out evaluation and It improves.It is shown by data result, the market competitiveness of K company logistics equipment is slightly above P company, and technical capability is apparently higher than P Company.In design planning from now on, P company should enhance the innovation ability of enterprise itself, and guidance enterprise constantly brings forth new ideas logistics dress Standby service and technology meet the logistics sorting demand of diversification.For improve logistics automatic sorting apparatus service quality level, with In terms of the engineering quality characteristic of user demand tight association, equipment speed of production and operation effect can be improved by technological innovation Rate.Meanwhile P company can be by formulating long-range user demand management and equipment standard manufacturing system, facilities and equipments innovation machine System and efficiency mechanism train the methods of after-sale service personnel to improve management of enterprise operation.It is automatic to the logistics of P company using QFD Sorting device service system carries out evaluation analysis, proposes that improved method has certain limitation, is especially not easy when index is excessive Analysis, but this method still has certain realistic meaning to the improvement of problem.
10 technical capability of table assesses comparison result
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint What is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair without departing from technical solution of the present invention content Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种基于AHP和QFD的分拣设备质量评估方法，包括下述步骤：1. A method for evaluating the quality of sorting equipment based on AHP and QFD, comprising the following steps: （1）分拣设备定制需求体系建立：从满足用户最基本需求入手，确定分拣设备定制用户需求指标；建立分拣设备定制需求层次结构体系；(1) Establishment of sorting equipment customization demand system: starting from meeting the most basic needs of users, determine the sorting equipment customization user demand indicators; establish a sorting equipment customization demand hierarchical structure system; （2）确定各项用户需求权重：运用层次分析法(AHP)，确定每一层次各用户需求相对于上一层次用户需求的权重系数，和最底层各用户需求相对总目标层的权重系数；(2) Determine the weight of each user demand: use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weight coefficient of each user demand at each level relative to the user demand at the previous level, and the weight coefficient of each user demand at the bottom level relative to the total target layer; （3）确定质量特性及其目标值：将用户需求语言转化为工程设计语言，选取与分拣设备定制用户需求密切相关联的质量特性，依据用户需求调查资料并结合相关标准，合理分析各项质量特性的目标值；(3) Determine the quality characteristics and their target values: convert the language of user needs into engineering design language, select the quality characteristics closely related to the user needs of sorting equipment customization, and reasonably analyze each item based on user demand survey data and relevant standards. Target values for quality characteristics; （4）引入对比设备并进行专家打分评估：引入需要质量改进的分拣设备和同类产品中的优秀设备，结合用户需求和质量特性目标值对两对比设备进行专家评估打分；(4) Introduce comparison equipment and conduct expert scoring evaluation: introduce sorting equipment that needs quality improvement and excellent equipment among similar products, and conduct expert evaluation and scoring on the two comparison equipment in combination with user needs and quality characteristic target values; （5）运用质量功能展开（QFD）构建质量屋（HOQ）：结合上述步骤中的结果，运用质量功能展开（QFD）工具构建质量屋（HOQ）；(5) Building the House of Quality (HOQ) using Quality Function Deployment (QFD): Combined with the results of the above steps, use the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) tool to build the House of Quality (HOQ); （6）对两对比设备进行比较分析：结合上述步骤的计算结果，对两对比分拣设备进行市场竞争能力评估和技术能力评估，并提出分拣设备定制质量改进方向。(6) Comparative analysis of the two contrasting equipment: Combining the calculation results of the above steps, evaluate the market competitiveness and technical capabilities of the two contrasting sorting equipment, and propose the direction of improving the quality of sorting equipment customization. 2.如权力要求1所述的基于AHP和QFD的分拣设备质量评估方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中的分拣设备定制需求层次结构体系：第一层是分拣设备定制总需求；第二层是将分拣设备定制总需求分为5类分需求：经济、质量、性能、效率、品牌；第三层是5类分需求细化的用户需求。2. The method for evaluating the quality of sorting equipment based on AHP and QFD as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hierarchical structure system of sorting equipment customization requirements in the step (1): the first layer is sorting equipment customization Total demand; the second layer is to divide the total demand for sorting equipment customization into five categories of sub-demand: economy, quality, performance, efficiency, and brand; the third layer is the user demand refined by five categories of sub-demand. 3.如权力要求1所述的基于AHP和QFD的分拣设备质量评估方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（2）中的运用层次分析法(AHP)，确定各项用户需求权重，包括以下步骤：3. The method for evaluating the quality of sorting equipment based on AHP and QFD as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the step (2) determines the weight of each user demand, including the following step: 1）分析需求体系中各元素间的从属关系，建立需求体系的层次结构；1) Analyze the affiliation relationship between elements in the demand system, and establish the hierarchical structure of the demand system; 2）对同一层次中各元素相对上一层次中某一元素构造权重判断矩阵；由判断矩阵计算该层各元素相对上一层元素的相对权重；在构造判断矩阵时采用专家打分法；2) Construct a weight judgment matrix for each element in the same layer relative to an element in the previous layer; calculate the relative weight of each element in this layer relative to the element in the previous layer from the judgment matrix; use the expert scoring method when constructing the judgment matrix; 所述专家打分法是一种定性描述定量化方法，采用1-9级重要度标度法为成对比较判断矩阵中的各项用户需求重要度赋值—1表示需求i与需求j同等重要；3表示需求i比需求j稍微重要；5表示需求i比需求j明显重要；7表示需求i比需求j强烈重要；9表示需求i比需求j极端重要；2、4、6、8相邻两判断的中间值；1/3、1/5、1/7、1/9表示两对比项颠倒比较的结果；The expert scoring method is a quantitative method of qualitative description, using the 1-9 level importance scale method to assign the importance of each user demand in the pairwise comparison judgment matrix—1 means that demand i and demand j are equally important; 3 means requirement i is slightly more important than requirement j ; 5 means requirement i is significantly more important than requirement j ; 7 means requirement i is strongly more important than requirement j ; 9 means requirement i is extremely important than requirement j ; 2, 4, 6, 8 are adjacent to each other The middle value of the judgment; 1/3, 1/5, 1/7, 1/9 represent the results of the reverse comparison of the two comparison items; 3）对每层判断矩阵单排序权重并进行一致性检验；3) Single-sort weights for each layer of judgment matrix and perform consistency checks; 4）计算最底层各元素相对于最高层元素的层次总排序；4) Calculate the total hierarchical order of the elements at the bottom level relative to the elements at the top level; 层次总排序是指最底层所有元素对于最高层（即第一层）相对重要性的排序权重，即a ij =b i ×c ij (i=1,2,…,5; j=1,2,…,6)，设与B层中任一元素b j 对应的C层中判断矩阵的一致性指标为CI j ，平均随机一致性指标为RI j ，则C层总排序随机一致性比率CR为：The total ranking of the level refers to the sorting weight of the relative importance of all elements at the bottom level to the top level (that is, the first level), that is, a ij = b i × c ij ( i =1,2,…,5; j =1,2 ,...,6), assuming that the consistency index of the judgment matrix in layer C corresponding to any element b j in layer B is CI j , and the average random consistency index is RI j , then the random consistency ratio CR of the total ranking of layer C for: 5）对层次总排序进行一致性检验。5) Consistency test for the total ranking of the hierarchy. 4.如权力要求1至3中任一项所述的基于AHP和QFD的分拣设备质量评估方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（5）中的运用质量功能展开（QFD）构建质量屋（HOQ），包括以下步骤：4. The method for evaluating the quality of sorting equipment based on AHP and QFD according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the use of quality function deployment (QFD) in the step (5) to construct a quality house ( HOQ), including the following steps: 1）用户需求和质量特性填补质量屋：根据用户需求及其重要度，构建HOQ的左墙，即列矩阵；根据主要质量特性和质量改进方向构建HOQ的天花板，即行矩阵；1) Fill the house of quality with user needs and quality characteristics: according to user needs and their importance, build the left wall of HOQ, that is, the column matrix; build the ceiling of HOQ, that is, the row matrix, according to the main quality characteristics and quality improvement directions; 2）构建关系矩阵，确定质量特性重要度：对用户需求与相应的质量特性的关系进行分析评估，定义s xy (x=1,2,3,…,e; y=1,2,3,…,f )表示第x个质量特性和第y个用户需求之间的关系系数，强、中、弱关系分别取值9、3、1，建立关系矩阵，即HOQ房间；2) Construct a relationship matrix to determine the importance of quality characteristics: analyze and evaluate the relationship between user needs and corresponding quality characteristics, and define s xy ( x =1,2,3,…, e ; y =1,2,3, …, f ) represents the relationship coefficient between the xth quality characteristic and the yth user demand, the strong, medium, and weak relationships take values 9, 3, and 1 respectively, and establish a relationship matrix, that is, the HOQ room; 3）竞争能力评估：参考实际用户调查资料，确定各设备满足用户需求达到的程度，采用打分方法，构建竞争能力评估矩阵，作为HOQ的右墙；3) Competitiveness evaluation: Refer to the actual user survey data to determine the degree to which each device meets the user's needs, and use the scoring method to build a competitiveness evaluation matrix as the right wall of HOQ; 4）确定质量特性目标值：依据用户需求调查资料并结合相关标准，合理分析各项质量特性的目标值，作为HOQ的地板；4) Determine the target value of quality characteristics: According to the survey data of user needs and combined with relevant standards, reasonably analyze the target value of each quality characteristic as the floor of HOQ; 5）技术能力评估：由专家对两分拣设备制造企业进行分析，采用打分方法，对两企业进行技术能力评估，构建技术能力评估矩阵；5) Technical capability evaluation: Experts analyze the two sorting equipment manufacturers, use the scoring method to evaluate the technical capabilities of the two companies, and build a technical capability evaluation matrix; 6）评价质量特性间相关关系：分析评价质量特性间相关关系建立相关矩阵（正相关、负相关、无相关），作为HOQ屋顶。6) Evaluate the correlation between quality characteristics: analyze and evaluate the correlation between quality characteristics and establish a correlation matrix (positive correlation, negative correlation, no correlation) as the roof of HOQ.
CN201810876830.9A 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 Sorting device method for evaluating quality based on AHP and QFD Pending CN109064027A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109933854A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-06-25 中国北方车辆研究所 A kind of mobile robot design method based on situation demand
CN118887199A (en) * 2024-08-15 2024-11-01 南通人民彩印有限公司 A method for analyzing and processing demand for customized printed products

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109933854A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-06-25 中国北方车辆研究所 A kind of mobile robot design method based on situation demand
CN118887199A (en) * 2024-08-15 2024-11-01 南通人民彩印有限公司 A method for analyzing and processing demand for customized printed products

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