CN112101736A - Micro-grid operation mode evaluation method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-grid operation mode evaluation method and device based on an analytic hierarchy process, a storage medium and electronic equipment. In the embodiment of the application, firstly, a plurality of micro-grid operation modes to be evaluated are obtained for detailed introduction; then, an evaluation system selected by the optimal operation mode of the microgrid is established by applying an analytic hierarchy process, namely, a structural model of four levels of a target layer, a standard layer, an index layer and a scheme layer is established, a judgment matrix between every two levels is solved, level single ordering and consistency inspection are carried out, a relative weight is obtained, then level total ordering is carried out, and a level total ordering weight is obtained. And finally, taking a certain microgrid demonstration project as an example, specifically analyzing comprehensive benefit evaluation results of the microgrid in different operation modes. According to the method, the operation mode of the microgrid is optimally selected by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, the multi-target complex problem is subjected to decision analysis by adopting a qualitative and quantitative combined method, and the analysis result has higher systematicness, practicability and simplicity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of analysis of microgrid operation modes, in particular to a microgrid operation mode evaluation method and device based on an analytic hierarchy process, a storage medium and electronic equipment.
Background
With the development of smart power grids, the scale of new energy sources such as wind, light and storage which are connected into the power grid is increased year by year, the related technologies are gradually mature, and the micro-grid technology is more and more widely concerned. However, as a new energy system, the micro grid is still imperfect in terms of operation mode, user demand, economic efficiency, etc., and thus, researchers at home and abroad have studied the operation mode of the micro grid.
The development model of the microgrid under the background of the electric power system reform published in Tang Shu is studied in the electric era 2015(04) 75-77. The operation mode and the cost benefit of the micro-grid are elaborated, and the operation mode of power grid company for taking charge, the independent operation mode of the micro-grid and the operation mode of the micro-grid with various capital changed by new electricity are elaborated;
a source-network-load integrated grid-connected microgrid operation mode published by Liudun nan is an interpretation of a 'method for promoting the construction and trial run of grid-connected microgrid' [ J ]. China power enterprise management, 2017,000(011): 33-35. A source-grid-load integrated grid-connected micro-grid operation mode is provided, the micro-grid realizes the exchange of electric power and quantity between grids with an independent operation theme, and simultaneously, the source-grid-load is optimized through an energy storage device and an automatic control system, so that the self-control and autonomy are achieved;
micro-grid reliability evaluation index research [ C ] published by Luoyi, King Steel, Wanglong Jun, China institute of Electrical engineering, Automation of Electrical systems, Union, 2012 academic Committee, 2012: 9-14. According to the characteristics and the commercial application prospect of the microgrid, the cross influence and the comprehensive effect of factors such as different electricity price mechanisms, energy prices, microgrid operation modes and load supply and demand differences on various interest relevant parties are analyzed, and the influence factors of microgrid operation management are analyzed in the aspects of microgrid control, investment, construction and operation processes of the microgrid, diversification of participants and the like in combination with actual engineering practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide an evaluation method and apparatus for solving a multi-target problem in a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process, and an electronic device, which can improve accuracy and comprehensiveness of evaluating the microgrid operation mode.
The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process, where the method includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a plurality of microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
step two, establishing an evaluation system of the optimal operation mode of the microgrid by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, wherein the evaluation system is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer, an index layer and a scheme layer;
step three, constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
fourthly, performing level single sequencing on the hierarchical structure model based on the judgment matrix;
fifthly, consistency check and judgment are carried out based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
and step six, when the consistency check is passed, carrying out total hierarchical ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total hierarchical ordering result of each hierarchy, and obtaining an optimal micro-grid operation mode in the plurality of micro-grid operation modes based on the total hierarchical ordering result.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an evaluation apparatus for a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process, the evaluation apparatus including:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a plurality of microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
the system comprises an establishing unit, a judging unit and a judging unit, wherein the establishing unit is used for establishing a hierarchical structure model by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, and the evaluating system is divided into a target layer, a standard layer, an index layer and a scheme layer; constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
the sorting unit is used for sorting the hierarchy model according to the hierarchy list based on the judgment matrix;
the checking unit is used for carrying out consistency checking judgment based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
and the selecting unit is used for performing total hierarchical ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total hierarchical ordering result of each hierarchy when the consistency check is passed, and obtaining an optimal microgrid operation mode in the plurality of microgrid operation modes based on the total hierarchical ordering result.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which may include: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by some embodiments of the application at least comprise:
in the embodiment of the application, a plurality of commercial operation modes of the micro-grid to be evaluated are obtained; then, an evaluation system selected by the optimal operation mode of the microgrid is established, namely, a structural model of four levels including a target level, a standard level, an index level and a scheme level is established, a judgment matrix between every two levels is solved by using a level analysis method, level single ordering and consistency inspection are carried out to obtain a relative weight, and then level total ordering and consistency inspection are carried out to obtain a level total ordering weight. And finally, by taking a certain microgrid demonstration project as an example, the comprehensive benefit evaluation results of the microgrid in different operation modes are specifically analyzed. In the invention, the operation mode of the microgrid is optimally selected by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, and the multi-target complex problem is subjected to decision analysis by adopting a qualitative and quantitative combined method, so that the analysis result has higher systematicness, practicability and simplicity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a microgrid operation mode evaluation method based on an analytic hierarchy process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hierarchy model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an evaluation apparatus for a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating an operation mode of a microgrid based on an analytic hierarchy process according to an embodiment of the present application.
The microgrid operation mode evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process comprises the following steps of:
s101, obtaining a plurality of microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
s102, establishing an evaluation system of the optimal operation mode of the micro-grid by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, wherein the evaluation system is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer, an index layer and a scheme layer.
S103, constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
s104, performing hierarchical single sequencing on the hierarchical structure model based on the judgment matrix;
s105, performing consistency check judgment based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
s106, when the consistency check is passed, performing total hierarchical ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total hierarchical ordering result of each hierarchy, and obtaining an optimal microgrid operation mode in the plurality of microgrid operation modes based on the total hierarchical ordering result; and when the consistency check fails, reconstructing the judgment matrix.
In one or more embodiments, referring to FIG. 2, the evaluation system for the analytic hierarchy process is established as follows:
the target layer is an optimal operation mode of the micro-grid; the criterion layer mainly selects an economic benefit criterion, a social benefit criterion and a technical criterion corresponding to the evaluation criterion of the operation mode of the microgrid; the index layer corresponds to specific factors influencing the operation mode, and mainly selects investment cost, operation and maintenance cost and income amount, improves power supply reliability, improves energy conversion efficiency, improves energy conservation and emission reduction strength, equipment reliability level, balances local power demand and safety management level; the scheme layer corresponds to a user independent operation mode, a third party investment operation mode and a power grid company operation mode.
The decision matrix in one or more embodiments is established as follows:
the judgment matrix is used for quantifying pairwise comparison of factors in each layer, and a 1-9 proportional scaling method is generally adopted, wherein the 1-9 proportional scaling method has the following meanings:
TABLE 1 Scale of proportions
Factor i to factor j | Quantized value | Factor i to factor j | Quantized value |
Of equal importance | 1 | Of strong importance | 7 |
Of slight importance | 3 | Of extreme importance | 9 |
Of greater importance | 5 | Intermediate values of two adjacent judgments | 2,4,6,8 |
The form of the judgment matrix is shown as formula (1):
the specific steps of the hierarchical single ordering in one or more embodiments include:
step 1: calculating the product of each row element of the judgment matrix, and opening a square root of the order of n, wherein the formula is shown as (2):
in the formula, n is the order of the judgment matrix.
Step 2: by normalizing W, a feature vector (weight vector) can be obtained, as shown in equation (3):
and step 3: calculating the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrixmaxAs shown in equation (4):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,representing a vectorThe ith component of (a).
In one or more embodiments, the consistency check includes:
step 1: and (3) calculating a consistency index CI, wherein the calculation method is shown as a formula (5):
step 2: calculating a random consistency ratio CR, wherein when CR is less than 0.01, the judgment matrix passes the consistency test, otherwise, the judgment matrix does not pass the consistency test, and the judgment matrix needs to be readjusted until a satisfactory test result is achieved, and the calculation method is shown as a formula (6):
CR=CI/RI (6)
in the formula, RI is a random consistency index, and values corresponding to different matrix orders are as follows:
TABLE 2 RI values for different matrix orders
Order of matrix | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
RI | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.90 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.32 | 1.41 | 1.45 |
In one or more embodiments, the specific steps of the overall hierarchical ranking include:
step 1: the weighted value of the criterion layer B to the target layer S is set as: b1,b2,b3(ii) a The weight value of the jth element of the layer B is C when the index layer C is aligned with the layer B1,j,c2,j,...,ck,j(j ═ 1,2,3), at this time, the weight value in the total rank of the C layer may be formed by compounding the weight value in the total rank of the previous layer and the weight value in the single rank of the current layer, as shown in formula (7):
step 2: the weight value of the solution layer D to the ith element of the index layer C is set as: d1,l,d2,l,d3,l(l ═ 1, 2.. times, k), where the weight value calculation formula of D layer in the total rank is shown as (8):
specifically, the experimental study is performed by taking a microgrid demonstration project in a certain city as an example.
The total rank value of the criterion layer B to the target layer S, the rank value and the total rank value of the index layer C aligned to the criterion layer B are shown in table 3, and the rank value and the total rank value of the solution layer D to the index layer C are shown in table 4.
TABLE 3 ranking values of index layers
TABLE 4 ranking values of scheme layers
As can be seen from table 4, in the total ranking values of the operation modes of the three micro-grids, the value in the user-independent operation mode is the largest, that is, the value in the user-independent operation mode is the best operation mode in this context, and this mode has a significant promoting effect on the aspects of developing low-carbon economy, realizing energy conservation and emission reduction, guaranteeing safe and reliable operation of the power system, and the like in China.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform embodiments of the method of the present application. For details which are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an evaluation apparatus for a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The evaluation device of the microgrid operation mode based on the analytic hierarchy process can be realized by software, hardware or a combination of the software and the hardware to be all or part of an electronic device. The device includes: an acquisition unit 30, a creation unit 31, a sorting unit 32, a verification unit 33 and a selection unit 34.
An obtaining unit 30, configured to obtain multiple microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
the establishing unit 31 is configured to establish an evaluation system of the optimal operation mode of the microgrid by using an analytic hierarchy process, wherein the evaluation system is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer, an index layer and a scheme layer; constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
a sorting unit 32, configured to perform hierarchical single sorting on the hierarchical structure model based on the determination matrix;
a checking unit 33 for performing consistency checking judgment based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
and a selecting unit 34, configured to perform total hierarchical ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total hierarchical ordering result of each hierarchy when the consistency check passes, and obtain an optimal microgrid operating mode in the plurality of microgrid operating modes based on the total hierarchical ordering result.
In one or more embodiments, the plurality of microgrid operation modes comprises: the system comprises a user autonomous operation mode, a third party investment operation mode and a power grid company operation mode.
In one or more embodiments, the target layer is the optimal microgrid operation mode; the criterion layer represents evaluation criteria of the microgrid operation mode, and parameters comprise: one or more of economic benefit criteria, social benefit criteria and technical criteria; the index layer represents specific factors influencing the operation mode of the microgrid, and the parameters comprise one or more of investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, income amount, power supply reliability improvement, energy conversion efficiency improvement, energy conservation and emission reduction improvement, equipment reliability level, local power demand balance and safety management level; and the scheme layer comprises the user autonomous operation mode, the third party investment operation mode and the power grid company operation mode.
In one or more embodiments, the determination matrix is used to compare two factors in each level in a quantitative manner, and the generation method of the determination matrix includes: each element with the downward membership is used as the first element of the judgment matrix, the elements which are subordinate to the element are sequentially arranged in the first row and the first column of the element, and the factors in each layer are compared pairwise by adopting a 1-9 proportional scaling method.
In one or more embodiments, the step of hierarchical single ordering includes:
step 1: calculating the product of each row element of the judgment matrix and the square root of the degree of opening n, wherein the formula is as follows:
step 2: the feature vector can be obtained by normalizing W, as shown in the following formula:
and step 3: calculating the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrixmaxThe formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,representing a vectorThe ith component of (a).
In one or more embodiments, the step of consistency checking comprises:
step 1: the consistency index CI is calculated as follows:
step 2: the random consistency ratio CR is calculated as follows:
CR=CIRI;
when CR < a preset threshold value, the consistency check of the judgment matrix is passed, otherwise, the consistency check of the judgment matrix is not passed; RI is a random consistency index, and the mapping relation between RI and the matrix order of the judgment matrix is as follows:
order of matrix | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
RI | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | 0.90 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.32 | 1.41 | 1.45 |
。
In one or more embodiments, the step of hierarchical overall ordering includes:
step 1: setting the weight value of the criterion layer B to the target layer S as follows: b1,b2,b3(ii) a The weighted value of the j element of the index layer C to the criterion layer B is C1,j,c2,j,...,ck,j(j ═ 1,2,3), at this time, the weight value in the total rank of the index layer C is formed by compounding the weight value in the total rank of the previous layer and the weight value in the single rank of the current layer, and the formula is as follows:
step 2: setting the weight value of the solution layer D to the ith element of the index layer C as follows: d1,l,d2,l,d3,l(l ═ 1, 2.. times, k), when the weight value calculation formula of the scheme layer D in the total rank is as follows:
it should be noted that, when the evaluation apparatus for the microgrid operation mode based on the analytic hierarchy process provided in the foregoing embodiment executes the evaluation method for the microgrid operation mode based on the analytic hierarchy process, the above-mentioned division of the functional modules is only used for illustration, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the above-mentioned functions. In addition, the evaluation device of the microgrid operation mode based on the analytic hierarchy process and the evaluation method of the microgrid operation mode based on the analytic hierarchy process provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the detailed implementation process is referred to as the method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a plurality of instructions, where the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method steps in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, and a specific execution process may refer to specific descriptions of the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, which are not described herein again.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device may be the evaluation apparatus of fig. 3, and the electronic device 1000 may include: at least one processor 1001, at least one network interface 1004, a user interface 1003, memory 1005, at least one communication bus 1002.
Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components.
The user interface 1003 may include a Display screen (Display) and a Camera (Camera), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.
The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.
The Memory 1005 may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 1005 includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 1005 may be used to store an instruction, a program, code, a set of codes, or a set of instructions. The memory 1005 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the various method embodiments described above, and the like; the storage data area may store data and the like referred to in the above respective method embodiments. The memory 1005 may optionally be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor 1001. As shown in fig. 4, the memory 1005, which is a kind of computer storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program.
In the electronic device 1000 shown in fig. 4, the user interface 1003 is mainly used as an interface for providing input for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and the processor 1001 may be used to invoke an application program stored in the memory 1005 that configures an application program interface and specifically performs the method shown in fig. 1.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, so that the present application is not limited thereto, and all equivalent variations and modifications can be made to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, obtaining a plurality of microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
step two, establishing an evaluation system of the optimal operation mode of the microgrid by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, wherein the evaluation system is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer, an index layer and a scheme layer;
step three, constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
fourthly, performing level single sequencing on the hierarchical structure model based on the judgment matrix;
fifthly, consistency check and judgment are carried out based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
and step six, when the consistency check is passed, carrying out total level ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total level ordering result of each level, and obtaining a micro-grid operation mode with optimal comprehensive benefit in the plurality of micro-grid operation modes based on the total level ordering result.
2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of microgrid operation modes specifically comprise: the system comprises a user autonomous operation mode, a third party investment operation mode and a power grid company operation mode.
3. The evaluation method of claim 1, wherein the target layer is an optimal operation mode of the optimal microgrid; the criterion layer represents evaluation criteria of an operation mode of the microgrid, and parameters comprise: one or more of economic benefit criteria, social benefit criteria and technical criteria; the index layer represents specific factors influencing the operation mode of the microgrid, and the parameters comprise one or more of investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, income amount, power supply reliability improvement, energy conversion efficiency improvement, energy conservation and emission reduction improvement, equipment reliability level, local power demand balance and safety management level; and the scheme layer comprises the user autonomous operation mode, the third party investment operation mode and the power grid company operation mode.
4. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the judgment matrix is used for comparing two factors in each level in a quantitative manner, and the generation method of the judgment matrix comprises: each element with a downward membership is used as the first element of the judgment matrix, the elements belonging to the element are sequentially arranged in the first row and the first column of the element, and the factors in each layer are compared pairwise by adopting a 1-9 proportional scaling method.
5. The evaluation method of claim 1, wherein said step of hierarchically ordering comprises:
step 1: calculating the product of each row element of the judgment matrix and the square root of the degree of opening n, wherein the formula is as follows:
step 2: the feature vector can be obtained by performing a normalization calculation on W, and the formula is as follows:
and step 3: calculating the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the judgment matrixmaxThe formula is as follows:
6. The assessment method of claim 1, wherein said step of consistency checking comprises:
step 1: and (3) calculating a consistency index CI, wherein the calculation method is as follows:
step 2: the random consistency ratio CR is calculated as follows:
when CR < a preset threshold value, the consistency check of the judgment matrix is passed, otherwise, the consistency check of the judgment matrix is not passed; RI is a random consistency index, and the mapping relation between RI and the matrix order of the judgment matrix is as follows:
the RI values for matrix orders from 1 to 9 correspond to 0, 0.58, 0.90, 1.12, 1.24, 1.32, 1.41, 1.45.
7. The evaluation method of claim 1, wherein the step of hierarchical overall ordering in step six comprises:
step 1: setting the weight value of the criterion layer B to the target layer S as follows: b1,b2,b3(ii) a The weighted value of the j element of the index layer C to the criterion layer B is C1,j,c2,j,...,ck,j(j ═ 1,2,3), at this time, the weight value in the total rank of the C layer may be formed by combining the weight value in the total rank of the previous layer and the weight value in the single rank of the current layer, and the formula is as follows:
step 2: setting the weight value of the solution layer D to the ith element of the index layer C as follows: d1,l,d2,l,d3,l(l ═ 1, 2.. times, k), when the weight value calculation formula of the scheme layer D layer in the total rank is as follows:
8. an evaluation device of a microgrid operation mode based on an analytic hierarchy process is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a plurality of microgrid operation modes to be evaluated;
the system comprises an establishing unit, a calculating unit and a calculating unit, wherein the establishing unit is used for establishing an evaluation system of the optimal operation mode of the microgrid by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, and the evaluation system is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer, an index layer and a scheme layer; constructing a judgment matrix between two adjacent layers;
the sorting unit is used for sorting the hierarchy model according to the hierarchy list based on the judgment matrix;
the checking unit is used for carrying out consistency checking judgment based on the hierarchical list sorting result;
and the selecting unit is used for performing total hierarchical ordering on the hierarchical structure model to obtain a total hierarchical ordering result of each hierarchy when the consistency check is passed, and obtaining an optimal microgrid operation mode in the plurality of microgrid operation modes based on the total hierarchical ordering result.
9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that it stores a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to carry out the method steps according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device, comprising: a memory in which a computer program is stored and a processor that invokes the computer program to perform the evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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