CN109061645A - The virtual related sparse imaging method and system of synthetic aperture radiometer - Google Patents
The virtual related sparse imaging method and system of synthetic aperture radiometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109061645A CN109061645A CN201811016821.9A CN201811016821A CN109061645A CN 109061645 A CN109061645 A CN 109061645A CN 201811016821 A CN201811016821 A CN 201811016821A CN 109061645 A CN109061645 A CN 109061645A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer and systems, belong to synthetic aperture radiometers image-forming technical field.This method is first observed emulation ground scene or actual ground scene by aerial array, obtains Radiation Observation signal；Multiple correlation is carried out to Radiation Observation signal two-by-two, obtains the visibility function that sparse antenna array observes；Interpolation is carried out around visibility function eyeball, determines interpolation point position, simulates the visibility function value of the position, and the visibility function after obtaining interpolation carries out Fourier inversion, the bright temperature figure of the ground scene rebuild.The present invention carries out data extending to the signal observed and its sparse visibility function using virtual dependent interpolation, can carry out ground observation with less antenna element, obtain and the equivalent imaging effect of bigger antenna array；Effectively reduce the cost and structure complexity of synthetic aperture radiometer system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to synthetic aperture radiometers image-forming technical fields, and in particular to a kind of synthetic aperture radiometer virtualphase
Close sparse imaging method and system.
Background technique
Synthetic aperture radiometer is a kind of novel passive detection device, can be under the mal-conditions such as sand and dust, smog, night
High-resolution imaging is realized to the metal target of concealment.Using active radar imagery, referred to as synthetic aperture technique, and for benefit
With passive type radar imagery, then referred to as aperture synthesis technology.
By aperture complex art, it can use small aperture antenna array and carry out " synthesis " equivalent big antenna, with biography
Real aperture approach of uniting, which is compared, reduces the cost for constructing big antenna.Then according to the multiple correlation operation between array element measure scene can
Degree of opinion function, and it is finally inversed by the high temperature distributed image of target scene.The sampling number of visibility function by baseline relative position
It determines, due to the limited amount of baseline, the sample point data of acquisition and its sparse, it is difficult to effective inverting ground scene information, but
It is to increase sampling number to mean to increase antenna amount, this can greatly increase hardware cost.Therefore, it is necessary to utilize sparse data
Effectively rebuild ground scene.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of the two-dimension integrated of degree of precision can be realized with less bay number
The synthetic aperture radiometer of aperture imaging, cost and structure complexity that synthetic aperture radiometer system is effectively reduced is virtually related
Sparse imaging method and system, to solve technical problem present in above-mentioned background technique.
To achieve the goals above, this invention takes following technical solutions:
On the one hand, a kind of virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer provided by the invention, this method include
Following process step:
Step S110: building sparse antenna array is observed ground scene to be imaged, obtains Radiation Observation signal；
Step S120: multiple correlation is carried out to the Radiation Observation signal two-by-two, the sparse antenna array is obtained and observes
Visibility function；
Step S130: carrying out interpolation around visibility function eyeball, determines interpolation point position, simulates interpolation
The visibility function value of point position, the visibility function after obtaining interpolation；
Step S140: Fourier inversion, the ground scene rebuild are carried out to the visibility function after the interpolation
Bright temperature figure.
Further, the sparse antenna array uses the Y-shaped thinned array mode of Unit 22.
Further, the step S120 is specifically included:
Multiple correlation is carried out to the observation signal two-by-two, obtains the visibility function V that sparse antenna array observes, it is seen that
Plane where degree function is referred to as uv plane.
Further, in the step S130, the simulation of the visibility function value is specifically included:
Step S131: offset d is chosen in the uv plane, is (u according to eyeball position0,v0), determine access point to be inserted
Position (u', v')；
It is wherein, described to be inserted into a position (u', v') are as follows:
(u0+d,v0+d)、(u0+d,v0-d)、(u0-d,v0+ d) or (u0-d,v0One of-d)；
Step S132: according to the position (u', v') of interpolation point, corresponding baseline position (x', y') is calculated；
Step S133: according to eyeball (u0,v0) at visibility function V, determine the visibility function value at interpolation point
V'。
Further, the calculation method of the baseline position (x', y') are as follows: x'=u' × λ, y'=v' × λ, wherein λ table
Show the wavelength of the observation signal.
Further, the step S133 is specifically included:
According to the range difference between interpolation point and eyeball, phase offset and width are carried out to visibility function value at eyeball
Degree correction, obtains the virtual correlation at interpolation point, as the visibility function value V'.
Further, the step S140 is specifically included:
There are following corresponding relationships with visibility function V (u, v) by ground scene T (x, y):
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part.
According to the corresponding relationship, Fourier inversion is carried out to the visibility function of interpolation point, ground can be obtained
Jing Liangwen figure.
Further, the ground scene to be imaged is the emulation ground constructed according to the reflectivity of ground different objects
Scape；Alternatively,
The band imaging ground scene is actual ground scene.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of virtual related sparse imaging system of synthetic aperture radiometer, which includes:
Antenna receiving unit obtains Radiation Observation signal for being observed to ground scene to be imaged；
Multiple correlation unit obtains the visibility letter of actual point for carrying out multiple correlation two-by-two to the Radiation Observation signal
Number；
Virtual correlation interpolating unit carries out virtual dependent interpolation for the visibility function to actual point, and increase is virtually adopted
Sampling point, the visibility function after obtaining interpolation；
Scene rebuilding unit obtains ground for carrying out Fourier inversion to the visibility function after the interpolation
Jing Liangwen figure.
Further, which further includes ground scene analogue unit, for the reflectivity according to ground different objects, structure
Build emulation ground scene.
The invention has the advantages that: counted using virtual dependent interpolation to the signal and its sparse visibility function that observe
According to expansion, effective reconstruction of ground scene is realized；Ground observation can be carried out with less antenna element, obtained and bigger day
The equivalent imaging effect of linear array；The cost and structure complexity for effectively reducing synthetic aperture radiometer system, are widened significantly
The practical application scene of synthetic aperture radiometer.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings others
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the virtual related sparse imaging method flow chart of synthetic aperture radiometer described in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the virtual related sparse imaging system functional block diagram of synthetic aperture radiometer described in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 3 is the virtual related sparse imaging method flow chart of synthetic aperture radiometer described in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 4 is emulation ground scene schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 5 is the visibility function schematic diagram before and after virtual dependent interpolation described in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 6 is virtual related Interpolation Process schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 7 is to be obtained described in the embodiment of the present invention three using the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer
The bright temperature result figure of ground scene.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element or module with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singular " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that being arranged used in specification of the invention
Diction " comprising " refer to that there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or modules, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or addition
Other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, module and/or their group.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present invention, further by taking specific embodiment as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing to be solved
Explanation is released, and embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are it should be understood that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, the portion in attached drawing
Part or device are not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer, it should
Method includes following below scheme step:
Step S110: building sparse antenna array is observed ground scene to be imaged, obtains Radiation Observation signal；
Step S120: multiple correlation is carried out to the Radiation Observation signal two-by-two, the sparse antenna array is obtained and observes
Visibility function；
Step S130: carrying out interpolation around visibility function eyeball, determines interpolation point position, simulates the position
Visibility function value, the visibility function after obtaining interpolation；
Step S140: Fourier inversion, the ground scene rebuild are carried out to the visibility function after the interpolation
Bright temperature figure.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, emulation ground scene can be constructed according to the emissivity of different objects as dilute
Dredge aerial array observation scene, can also directly using actual ground scene as sparse antenna array observation scene (namely
Bottom surface scene to be imaged)；
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the sparse antenna array uses the Y-shaped thinned array side of Unit 22
Formula.
In practical applications, the array manner of above-mentioned sparse antenna array is not limited by above-mentioned array manner, can be with
Scene observation is carried out using the antenna of other two-dimensional antenna arrays or other configurations.Those skilled in the art can be according to the actual situation
The array manner of specific setting aerial array, is within the scope of the invention.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S120 is specifically included:
Multiple correlation is carried out to the observation signal two-by-two, obtains the visibility function V that sparse antenna array observes, it is seen that
Plane where degree function is referred to as uv plane.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, in the step S130, the simulation of the visibility function value is specifically wrapped
It includes:
Step S131: offset d is chosen in the uv plane, is (u according to eyeball position0,v0), determine access point to be inserted
Position (u', v')；
Step S132: according to the position (u', v') of interpolation point, corresponding baseline position (x', y') is calculated；
Step S133: according to eyeball (u0,v0) at visibility function value V, determine the visibility function at interpolation point
Value V'.
It is in one particular embodiment of the present invention, described to be inserted into a position (u', v') are as follows:
(u0+d,v0+d)、(u0+d,v0-d)、(u0-d,v0+ d) or (u0-d,v0One of-d).
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the calculation method of the baseline position (x', y') are as follows: x'=u' × λ,
Y'=v' × λ, wherein λ indicates the wavelength of the observation signal.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S133 is specifically included:
According to the range difference between interpolation point and eyeball, phase offset and width are carried out to visibility function value at eyeball
Degree correction, obtains the virtual correlation at interpolation point, as the visibility function value V'.
In specific embodiments of the present invention one, the step S140 is specifically included:
There are following corresponding relationships with visibility function V (u, v) by ground scene T (x, y):
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part.
According to the corresponding relationship, Fourier inversion is carried out to the visibility function of interpolation point, ground can be obtained
Jing Liangwen figure.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, second embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of virtual related sparse imaging system of synthetic aperture radiometer,
The system specifically includes that
Antenna receiving unit obtains Radiation Observation signal for being observed to ground scene to be imaged.Using Unit 22
Y-shaped thinned array mode, constitute observation antenna array.Reception is observed to ground scene f, each antenna is obtained and receives
Signal.
Multiple correlation unit obtains the visibility letter of actual point for carrying out multiple correlation two-by-two to the Radiation Observation signal
Number.The signal b that antenna is received using multiple correlation unitn(t) multiple correlation is carried out two-by-two, is obtained constructed aerial array and is seen
The visibility function V measured, it is seen that the plane where degree function is referred to as uv plane.
Virtual correlation interpolating unit carries out virtual dependent interpolation for the visibility function to actual point, and increase is virtually adopted
Sampling point, the visibility function after obtaining interpolation.
Due to aerial array it has been determined that the baseline amount being actually formed also determines therewith, that is to say, that actual antennas battle array
Arrange and do not include estimated baseline, which is known as virtual baseline, according to eyeball insertion point be virtual point, estimation can
Degree of opinion functional value is virtual correlation.Since the position and visibility function value at eyeball are it has been determined that according to access point to be inserted
Range difference between eyeball carries out phase offset and amplitude to visibility function value at eyeball and corrects, can approximation obtain to
Virtual correlation at insertion point, and as the visibility function value V ' at virtual point.
Scene rebuilding unit obtains ground for carrying out Fourier inversion to the visibility function after the interpolation
Jing Liangwen figure.
In a specific embodiment two of the invention, which can also be arranged ground scenario simulation unit, be used for root
Emulation ground scene is constructed according to the different reflectivity of ground object, as ground scene to be imaged, ground scene analogue unit
It is connected with antenna receiving unit, using emulation ground scene as the observation object of aerial array.Alternatively, directly being received by antenna
Unit is observed actual ground scene.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of side being imaged using system described in embodiment two
Method, this method mainly include following process step:
Step 1: according to the emissivity of different objects, simulating ground scene, only consider the transmitting information of object, do not consider anti-
Situations such as penetrating, reflecting.Ground scene x is emulated, size is 128 × 128, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 2: constructing Y-shaped aerial array, the angle between antenna arm is 120 °, and each antenna arm includes 7 antennas
Unit, the spacing of adjacent two antenna element are 0.5 λ, and an antenna element is placed in middle position, amount to 22 antenna elements.It is right
Ground scene x is received, and the signal that n-th of antenna receives is complex signal: bn(t)=In(t)+jQn(t), wherein In(t)
=cos (2 π ln/ λ), Qn(t)=sin (2 π ln/ λ), lnFor the distance of antenna to ground scene, λ is received radiation signal
Wavelength.
Step 3: the complex signal b that antenna is receivedn(t), n=1,2 ..., 22, multiple correlation is carried out, constructed day is obtained
The visibility function V that linear array observes.By taking the 1st, 2 aerial signal as an example, the multiple correlation of two signals can be indicated are as follows:
V12=Vr+jVq
≈<I1(t)I2(t)+Q1(t)Q2(t)>+j<I2(t)Q1(t)+I1(t)Q2(t)>
Wherein, I1(t)、Q1(t)、I2(t)、Q2(t) it is respectively real and imaginary parts that the 1,2nd antenna receives signal.It obtains
Visibility function V be frequency-region signal, which is known as uv plane, it is seen that degree function sample graph such as Fig. 5 (a) shown in.
Step 4: in uv plane, to interpolation is carried out around visibility function V eyeball, determining interpolation point position, mould
The virtual correlation for intending the position, the visibility function V ' after obtaining interpolation.Virtual dependent interpolation is shown in specific step is as follows:
(1) offset d=2 is chosen in uv plane, if eyeball position is (u0,v0), as shown in solid dot in Fig. 6, then insert
The position (u', v') of access point (in Fig. 6 shown in hollow dots), is expressed as (u0+d,v0+d)、(u0+d,v0-d)、(u0-d,v0+
d)、(u0-d,v0- d), schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 6；
(2) according to the position (u', v') of interpolation point, corresponding virtual baseline position (x', y'), calculation method are calculated
Are as follows: x'=u' × λ, y'=v' × λ, such as interpolation point (u0+d,v0+ d) corresponding virtual baseline position is ((u0+ d) × λ, (v0
+ d) × λ), λ for received radiation signal wavelength；
(3) according to eyeball (u0,v0) at bright temperature value V, to estimate the visibility function value V ' at interpolation point
Shown in visibility function sample graph such as Fig. 5 (b) after carrying out virtual dependent interpolation.
Step 5: Fourier's contravariant being carried out respectively to the visibility function before interpolation and the visibility function after interpolation respectively
It changes, obtains ground scene figure f ', respectively as shown in Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b).
In conclusion the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer described in the embodiment of the present invention, using void
Quasi- dependent interpolation carries out data extending to the signal observed and its sparse visibility function, realizes effective weight of ground scene
It builds；Ground observation can be carried out with less antenna element, can obtained and the equivalent imaging effect of bigger antenna array；Effectively drop
The low cost and structure complexity of synthetic aperture radiometer system, has widened the practical application field of synthetic aperture radiometer significantly
Scape.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention essence
On in other words the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products, the computer software product
It can store in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes the certain of each embodiment or embodiment of the invention
Method described in part.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer, which is characterized in that this method includes following process step
It is rapid:
Step S110: building sparse antenna array is observed ground scene to be imaged, obtains Radiation Observation signal；
Step S120: carrying out multiple correlation to the Radiation Observation signal two-by-two, and obtain that the sparse antenna array observes can
Degree of opinion function；
Step S130: carrying out interpolation around visibility function eyeball, determines interpolation point position, simulates interpolation point
The visibility function value set, the visibility function after obtaining interpolation；
Step S140: Fourier inversion, the bright temperature of the ground scene rebuild are carried out to the visibility function after the interpolation
Figure.
2. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described dilute
Dredge the Y-shaped thinned array mode that aerial array uses Unit 22.
3. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid S120 is specifically included:
Multiple correlation is carried out to the observation signal two-by-two, obtains the visibility function V that sparse antenna array observes, it is seen that degree letter
Plane where number is referred to as uv plane.
4. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid S130, the simulation of the visibility function value is specifically included:
Step S131: offset d is chosen in the uv plane, is (u according to eyeball position0,v0), determination is inserted into a position
(u',v')；
It is wherein, described to be inserted into a position (u', v') are as follows:
(u0+d,v0+d)、(u0+d,v0-d)、(u0-d,v0+ d) or (u0-d,v0One of-d)；
Step S132: according to the position (u', v') of interpolation point, corresponding baseline position (x', y') is calculated；
Step S133: according to eyeball (u0,v0) at visibility function V, determine the visibility function value V' at interpolation point.
5. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the base
The calculation method of line position (x', y') are as follows: x'=u' × λ, y'=v' × λ, wherein λ indicates the wavelength of the observation signal.
6. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid S133 is specifically included:
According to the range difference between interpolation point and eyeball, phase offset is carried out to visibility function value at eyeball and amplitude is rectified
Just, the virtual correlation at interpolation point is obtained, as the visibility function value V'.
7. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid S140 is specifically included:
There are following corresponding relationships with visibility function V (u, v) by ground scene T (x, y):
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part.
According to the corresponding relationship, Fourier inversion is carried out to the visibility function of interpolation point, it is bright that ground scene can be obtained
Wen Tu.
8. the virtual related sparse imaging method of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 1-7, feature exist
In the ground scene to be imaged is the emulation ground scene constructed according to the reflectivity of ground different objects；Alternatively,
The ground scene to be imaged is actual ground scene.
9. a kind of virtual related sparse imaging system of synthetic aperture radiometer characterized by comprising
Antenna receiving unit obtains Radiation Observation signal for being observed to ground scene to be imaged；
Multiple correlation unit obtains the visibility function of actual point for carrying out multiple correlation two-by-two to the Radiation Observation signal；
Virtual correlation interpolating unit, carries out virtual dependent interpolation for the visibility function to actual point, increases virtual sampled point,
Visibility function after obtaining interpolation；
It is bright to obtain ground scene for carrying out Fourier inversion to the visibility function after the interpolation for scene rebuilding unit
Wen Tu.
10. the virtual related sparse imaging system of synthetic aperture radiometer according to claim 10, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes:
Ground scene analogue unit, for the reflectivity according to ground different objects, building emulation ground scene.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111538000A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-08-14 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Bright temperature inversion imaging method for uniform circular array synthetic aperture radiometer |
| CN113970740A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-01-25 | 华中科技大学 | Near-field imaging method and system of synthetic aperture radiometer based on wavenumber domain decomposition |
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