CN108845318A - Spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method based on Relax algorithm - Google Patents
Spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method based on Relax algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN108845318A CN108845318A CN201810553217.3A CN201810553217A CN108845318A CN 108845318 A CN108845318 A CN 108845318A CN 201810553217 A CN201810553217 A CN 201810553217A CN 108845318 A CN108845318 A CN 108845318A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9004—SAR image acquisition techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9004—SAR image acquisition techniques
- G01S13/9011—SAR image acquisition techniques with frequency domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spaceborne high score wide cut HRWS imaging method based on Relax algorithm, belongs to technical field of radar target acquisition.The characteristics of present invention is according to star-carrying multichannel radar return is carrying out distance to compression, and orientation FFT after data are transformed into distance-Doppler domain, in conjunction with Relax algorithm, are devised and the fuzzy alternative manner inhibited of orientation be may be implemented.The signal after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is finally subjected to orientation compression, so that it may obtain without fuzzy imaging results.Simulation results show the feasibility and validity of this method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of radar target acquisition, are related to a kind of signal processing algorithm of Multichannel radar, specifically
It is to be related to a kind of spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method based on Relax algorithm.
Background technique
Resolution ratio and mapping bandwidth are two important imaging indicators of satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR).On the one hand, high score
Resolution more can accurately reflect target signature information, be convenient for target identification and feature extraction, this draws in military surveillance, city
Figure and Disaster Assessment etc. have great significance.On the other hand, wide swath can provide more extensive scene information, with
Global interpretation ability is obtained, this is conducive to the observation to large area regions such as soil, forest, oceans.However, spaceborne for tradition
SAR system, due to being limited by minimum antenna area, high-resolution and wide swath are a pair of implacable contradiction amounts, two
A performance indicator cannot improve simultaneously.
Recognizing the case where satellite-borne SAR of traditional single-shot list acceptor not can be implemented simultaneously high-resolution and wide swath
Under, researcher starts then seeks new method.It has been found that can make to ask using the operating mode of multiple channel receptions
Topic is effectively solved.When wide area is imaged, need using low pulse recurrence frequency (PRF) to avoid distance
To obscuring, if used PRF is too low for orientation antenna, it will generated in orientation fuzzy.Therefore, spaceborne
The key of high score wide cut imaging method is the design of fuzzy suppressing method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：
For obscuring the deficiency of suppressing method in the imaging of satellite-borne SAR radar high score wide cut, provide a kind of with preferably square
Position obscures suppressing method to the orientation of fuzzy inhibitory effect.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method based on Relax algorithm comprising following steps：
Step 1, echo-signal star-carrying multichannel radar received carries out distance to compression, orientation FFT, obtain away from
Data from-Doppler domain, then by same distance-doppler cells data in multiple channels of star-carrying multichannel radar into
Row combination, obtains original signal：
Z(r,fd)=(Z1(r,fd),Z2(r,fd),…,ZM(r,fd))T
Wherein, M is odd number, indicates that channel number, r indicate distance unit, fdIndicate Doppler frequency, T indicates transposition square
Battle array；
Step 2, orientation is carried out based on each distance-Doppler unit of the Relax algorithm to the original signal that step 1 obtains
To fuzzy inhibition；
Step 3, the result obtained after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is subjected to orientation compression, obtains imaging results.
Preferably, the orientation in the step 2 is fuzzy inhibits to include the following steps：
Step 2-1, initialization, obtains signal amplitude according to a preliminary estimate, that is, completes following operation：
Wherein, p indicates fuzzy number, fpIndicate pulse recurrence frequency, H indicates associate matrix, Zrec(r,fd+pfp) table
Show the signal amplitude under different fuzzy numbers according to a preliminary estimate,
Indicate the corresponding steering vector of different fuzzy numbers, whereinIn the equivalent phase for indicating each channel
The heart, vaIndicate the movement velocity of radar platform；
Under different fuzzy numbers in step 2-2, the original signal according to obtained in step 1 and step 2-1 according to a preliminary estimate
Signal amplitude, obtain signal component Z corresponding from different fuzzy numbersp(r,fd)；Then it is sweared with the guiding under different fuzzy numbers
Amount is matched with corresponding signal component respectively, the signal amplitude estimatedIt is sequentially completed following
Operation：
Step 2-3 iterates to step 2-2, until meeting the condition of convergence.
Preferably, the condition of convergence in the step 2-3 is formula
Value be less than or
Equal to 10-3。
Preferably, in the step 2, the fuzzy inhibition of orientation carried out for each distance-Doppler unit is used
Two nested for circulations complete traversal, and one of for loops through all doppler cells, another for is looped through
All distance unit, the nesting order of two for circulation are optional.
Preferably, in the step 3, the signal after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is arranged according to the sequence of fuzzy multiple
After column, orientation compression is carried out.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has the following technical effects：
Compared with traditional fuzzy restrainable algorithms, which does not need building reconstruction filtering vector, can be directly using
The steering vector known simultaneously is inhibited by the method for iteration to fuzzy, simpler easy, therefore in systems in practice can be with
Effectively applied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the space geometry relational graph of star-carrying multichannel radar.
Fig. 2, which is that the orientation based on Relax algorithm is fuzzy, inhibits flow chart.
The characteristic value of sampling relationship, phase distribution and signal plus noise covariance matrix when Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c is respectively empty
Distribution results.
Fig. 4 a to Fig. 4 e respectively emulate the original echoed signals in obtained each channel, each channel Range compress result,
Distance-Doppler field result, the amplification result in distance-Doppler domain, original echo azimuth spectrum.
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 d is respectively the distance-Doppler domain knot carried out after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation based on Relax algorithm
Azimuth spectrum after the fuzzy inhibition of fruit, the amplification result in distance-Doppler domain, range migration correction result, orientation.
Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 f is the compressed imaging results of orientation, and wherein Fig. 6 a is the imaging knot before the fuzzy inhibition of orientation
Fruit, Fig. 6 b are the imaging results after the fuzzy inhibition of Relax algorithm orientation, imaging results before Fig. 6 c inhibits for orientation is fuzzy
3D display, Fig. 6 d is the 3D display of imaging results after the fuzzy inhibition of Relax algorithm orientation, before Fig. 6 e inhibits for orientation is fuzzy
Orientation tangential section, Fig. 6 f is that Relax algorithm orientation is fuzzy inhibit after orientation tangential section.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the example of the embodiment
It is shown in the accompanying drawings, is exemplary below with reference to the embodiment of attached drawing description, for explaining only the invention, and cannot
It is construed to limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the space geometry relational graph of star-carrying multichannel radar.
The present invention is to realize that goal of the invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Step 1, data prediction.The echo that star-carrying multichannel radar is received carries out distance to compression, orientation respectively
To FFT, that is, transform data to distance-Doppler domain, then by same distance-doppler cells data in M channel into
Row combination, obtains original signal, waiting is further processed.
Z(r,fd)=(Z1(r,fd),Z2(r,fd),…,ZM(r,fd))T
Wherein, M is odd number, indicates that channel number, r indicate distance unit, fdIndicate Doppler frequency, T indicates transposition square
Battle array.
Step 2, the fuzzy inhibition of orientation based on Relax algorithm.The orientation of design obscures restrainable algorithms and is directed to distance-
Each distance-Doppler unit of Doppler domain, completing traversal using two nested for circulations, (for loops through institute
There are doppler cells, a for loops through all distance unit, and the nesting order of two for circulation can be selected arbitrarily).
Shown in specific step is as follows：
Step 2-1, initialization.In initialization procedure, by by the steering vector under different fuzzy numbers respectively and in step 1
Obtained original signal is matched, and then tentatively distinguishes blurred signal and not blurred signal, obtains different fuzzy numbers
Lower signal amplitude is according to a preliminary estimate.Complete following operation：
Wherein, p indicates fuzzy number, fpIndicate pulse recurrence frequency, H indicates associate matrix.Zrec(r,fd+pfp) table
Show signal amplitude according to a preliminary estimate.
Indicate different moulds
The corresponding steering vector of number is pasted, whereinIndicate the displaced phase center in each channel, vaIndicate radar platform
Movement velocity.
Step 2-2 carries out the fuzzy inhibition of orientation with Relax algorithm.First the original signal according to obtained in step 1 with
And the signal amplitude under the different fuzzy numbers in step 2-1 according to a preliminary estimate, available signal corresponding from different fuzzy numbers
Component Zp(r,fd)；Then it is matched respectively with corresponding signal component with the steering vector under different fuzzy numbers, i.e., it is successively complete
At following operations：
Wherein, Zp(r,fd) indicate the different fuzzy corresponding signals of multiple,Indicate the signal width of estimation
Degree.
Step 2-3 iterates to step 2-2, until reaching convergence.Wherein convergent standard is formulaValue be less than or wait
In 10-3.Subsequently into step 3.
Step 3, orientation is compressed.The signal after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is arranged according to the sequence of fuzzy multiple
Later, orientation compression is carried out, the imaging results after obtaining the fuzzy inhibition of orientation.
Entire process flow diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
A kind of completely new spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method is described above, here with the star-carrying multichannel echo of emulation
Data are verified and are analyzed.The system parameter of emulation is as follows：Carrier frequency 9.45GHz, pulse recurrence frequency 1187Hz, platform flight
Speed 7480m/s, channel number are 7.In order to simplify problem, emulating beam position here is 90 ° of (positive side view) situation ends
The echo (assuming that ground backscattering coefficient Gaussian distributed) of scape.1 point target is set, meanwhile, it is added in echo high
The noise component(s) of this distribution.
Spaceborne high score wide cut imaging experiment based on Relax algorithm：
Before the experiments were performed, sampling relationship, phase distribution and signal plus noise when needing to sky under selected PRF
The feature Distribution value of covariance matrix is analyzed.Fig. 3 a samples relationship when being empty, it can be seen that adopting on room and time
Sample perfection interlocks, and can be compensated with spatial sampling by the missing of time sampling of the value of PRF caused by too small.In Fig. 3 b
The phase difference of different interchannels is equally distributed on 2 π.In figure 3 c it is observed that signal plus noise covariance matrix
Distribution of the characteristic value in the frequency domain of no winding be it is continuous, this continuity means that signal can be carried out perfect weight
It builds, at this moment with fpThe radar system in the M channel sampled can be equivalent to MfpThe single channel radar system sampled.
In the frequency domain of no winding, the distribution of characteristic value is more smooth, rebuilds the signal obtained later the just single-pass under high PRF
The signal that road system obtains.
Then step 1, i.e. data prediction are carried out.Artificial echo is carried out to distance respectively to compression, orientation FFT, i.e.,
The waiting of distance-Doppler domain is transformed data to be further processed.Fig. 4 a is the original echoed signals after having added noise；Fig. 4 b is
Each channel carries out the result after Range compress；Fig. 4 c is after transforming data to distance-Doppler domain as a result, Fig. 4 d is
The amplification in distance-Doppler domain is as a result, it can be clearly seen that orientation is fuzzy；Fig. 4 e is the orientation of original signal
Frequency spectrum, it can be seen that frequency spectrum is aliasing.
Then step 2 is carried out, i.e., the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is carried out using Relax algorithm.Fig. 5 a is to be carried out with Relax algorithm
Distance-Doppler field result after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation, distance-Doppler domain puts after Fig. 5 b inhibits for orientation is fuzzy
Big result, it can be seen that the fuzzy of orientation is obviously inhibited by；Fig. 5 c is after distance carries out range migration correction upwards
As a result；Fig. 5 d is the azimuth spectrum after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation, it can be seen that after being handled with Relax algorithm, orientation
To frequency spectrum no longer aliasing.
Step 3 carries out orientation compression processing.Orientation is carried out to the result obtained after the fuzzy inhibition of Relax algorithm orientation
To compression, Fig. 6 a is the imaging results before the fuzzy inhibition of orientation, it can be seen that has multiple fuzzy point targets in orientation；
Fig. 6 b is that orientation obscures the imaging results after inhibiting, only one true point target, and litura is all suppressed；Fig. 6 c
It is respectively the fuzzy 3D display for inhibiting front and back imaging results of orientation with Fig. 6 d, can more intuitively finds out the algorithm side Relax
Effect of the position to fuzzy inhibition；Fig. 6 e and Fig. 6 f are the fuzzy orientation slice map for inhibiting front and back imaging results of orientation, from figure
In as can be seen that carrying out the fuzzy inhibition of orientation with Relax algorithm after, the normalization amplitude that all orientations obscure all-
42dB or less.
It is above-mentioned simulation results show carrying out the validity of spaceborne high score wide cut imaging based on Relax algorithm.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
Those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention can be related to for executing operation described herein
In one or more operations equipment.The equipment can specially design and manufacture for required purpose, or can also be with
Including the known device in general purpose computer, the general purpose computer activates or again with having the procedure selection being stored in it
Structure.Such computer program, which can be stored in equipment (for example, computer) readable medium or be stored in, is suitable for storage
E-command is simultaneously coupled in any kind of medium of bus respectively, and the computer-readable medium is including but not limited to any
The disk (including floppy disk, hard disk, CD, CD-ROM and magneto-optic disk) of type, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM),
Electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic card or light card
Piece.Readable medium includes for by any mechanism of the readable form storage or transmission information of equipment (for example, computer).Example
Such as, readable medium includes random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage medium, flash memory
Device, the signal (such as carrier wave, infrared signal, digital signal) propagated in the form of electricity, light, sound or other etc..
Those skilled in the art can understand that can realize these structure charts with computer program instructions
And/or the combination of each frame and these structure charts and/or the frame in block diagram and/or flow graph in block diagram and/or flow graph.It can be with
These computer program instructions are supplied to the processing of general purpose computer, special purpose computer or other programmable data processing methods
Device generates machine, creates to be performed instruction by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing methods
For realizing the method specified in the frame or multiple frames of structure chart and/or block diagram and/or flow graph.
Those skilled in the art can understand that the various operations crossed by discussion in the present invention, method, process
In step, measure, scheme can be replaced, changed, combined or be deleted.Further, there is in the present invention mistake by discussion
Various operations, method, other steps, measures, and schemes in process can also be replaced, change, reset, decomposing, combining or
It deletes.Further, it is in the prior art have in various operations, method disclosed in the present invention, process step, arrange
It applies, scheme may also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined or deleted.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method based on Relax algorithm, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, echo-signal star-carrying multichannel radar received carries out distance to compression, orientation FFT, obtains distance-
Then the data of Doppler domain carry out same distance-doppler cells data in multiple channels of star-carrying multichannel radar
Combination, obtains original signal：
Z(r,fd)=(Z1(r,fd),Z2(r,fd),…,ZM(r,fd))T
Wherein, M is odd number, indicates that channel number, r indicate distance unit, fdIndicate Doppler frequency, T indicates transposed matrix；
Step 2, orientation mould is carried out based on each distance-Doppler unit of the Relax algorithm to the original signal that step 1 obtains
Paste inhibits；
Step 3, the result obtained after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is subjected to orientation compression, obtains imaging results.
2. the spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method according to claim 1 based on Relax algorithm, which is characterized in that described
The fuzzy inhibition of orientation in step 2 includes the following steps：
Step 2-1, initialization, obtains signal amplitude according to a preliminary estimate, that is, completes following operation：
Wherein, p indicates fuzzy number, fpIndicate pulse recurrence frequency, H indicates associate matrix, Zrec(r,fd+pfp) indicate according to a preliminary estimate
Different fuzzy numbers under signal amplitude,
Indicate the corresponding steering vector of different fuzzy numbers, whereind1…dMIndicate the displaced phase center in each channel, vaIt indicates
The movement velocity of radar platform；
The letter under different fuzzy numbers in step 2-2, the original signal according to obtained in step 1 and step 2-1 according to a preliminary estimate
Number amplitude, obtains signal component Z corresponding from different fuzzy numbersp(r,fd)；Then with the steering vector under different fuzzy numbers point
It is not matched with corresponding signal component, the signal amplitude estimatedIt is sequentially completed following fortune
It calculates：
Step 2-3 iterates to step 2-2, until meeting the condition of convergence.
3. the spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method according to claim 2 based on Relax algorithm, which is characterized in that the step 2-3
In the condition of convergence be formula
Value be less than or equal to 10-3。
4. the spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method according to claim 1 based on Relax algorithm, which is characterized in that in institute
It states in step 2, the fuzzy inhibition of orientation carried out for each distance-Doppler unit has been recycled using two nested for
At traversal, all doppler cells of one of for searching loop, all distance unit of another for searching loop, this two
The nesting order of for circulation is optional.
5. the spaceborne high score wide cut imaging method according to claim 1 based on Relax algorithm, which is characterized in that in institute
It states in step 3, after the signal after the fuzzy inhibition of orientation is arranged according to the sequence of fuzzy multiple, carries out orientation pressure
Contracting.
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