CN109061515B - Method for measuring charge and discharge electric quantity of battery - Google Patents
Method for measuring charge and discharge electric quantity of battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for measuring the charge and discharge electric quantity of a battery comprises the steps of firstly building a battery charge and discharge electric quantity measuring system which comprises a measured battery, a measurement acquisition circuit and an electric quantity calculating module, then controlling the measurement acquisition circuit to acquire the battery voltage, the battery current, the battery temperature, the battery voltage change and the battery current change of the measured battery, finally calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery, and finishing the measurement of the charge and discharge electric quantity. Compared with the prior art, the short-term high-power charging and discharging working mode of the battery can more accurately correct the electric quantity measurement errors caused by hysteresis, dynamic internal resistance and temperature change in the discharging process of the battery, obtain an accurate battery output result and has good use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft power supplies, in particular to a method for measuring the charging and discharging electric quantity of a battery.
Background
The spacecraft power supply system is called as the heart of the spacecraft, provides energy required by the work of various load devices of the spacecraft, and is the key point of stable operation of the spacecraft. In a spacecraft power supply system, a solar cell array is generally used for generating electricity through a photoelectric effect, providing energy for a spacecraft in an illumination period and charging a battery pack; the battery pack provides energy for the spacecraft in a non-illumination period; when the short-term power demand of the spacecraft is larger than the power generated by the solar battery array, the battery pack can also be used as a backup power source to participate in combined power supply.
In the prior spacecraft, most of the battery packs are charged and discharged with small multiplying power, the relative change of charging and discharging current is not large, and the charging and discharging voltage is relatively smooth, so that the change of the battery state in the charging and discharging process is not obvious, and the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery can be maintained at a high level. In this operation mode, the charge and discharge energy of the battery can be estimated and judged by a table look-up of the battery terminal voltage, an electricity meter and the like. The terminal voltage table look-up method is that a series of empirical values of battery charge states corresponding to the terminal voltages of the batteries are obtained through testing in the ground development process of the batteries, so that the discharge or charge electric quantity of the batteries is obtained, and the method is simple and convenient and is widely applied under the condition that the charge and discharge working modes of the batteries are relatively stable. The method of the fuel gauge is that the voltage and the current value of the battery are collected, the voltage and the current value in a plurality of collection periods are averaged and then are integrated and accumulated to obtain the calculation result of the charging and discharging electric quantity, the precision of the method is limited by the collection periods and the variation range of the collection values, and the fuel gauge method can have higher accuracy under the condition of occupying smaller resources under the condition that the charging and discharging working mode of the battery is more stable and the collection period is second-level.
However, with the application of some short-term high-power loads, such as a high-power radar and a directional energy load, it is required that the battery can be charged and discharged with a large multiplying power in a short time, the current has a pulse characteristic, the charging and discharging voltage changes violently in a short time, the temperature of the battery changes remarkably in the process, the charging and discharging efficiency also changes greatly, and the high-power charging and discharging of the battery has a hysteresis effect, so that the internal resistance is aggravated, the energy consumption on the battery body is not negligible, and the apparent performance of the battery sampling the voltage and the current of the battery cannot be used for judging the real state of the battery in real time. The state of the battery is directly related to the charge and discharge management, state control, fault and service life prediction of the battery, so that a more accurate and efficient measurement means is needed to obtain and master the actual output of high-power discharge of the battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a method for measuring the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery, solves the problem of measuring the actual current, voltage and electric quantity of the battery under the condition of high-power charge and discharge of the battery or a battery pack used in the spacecraft, and can calculate and adjust the health state, the management strategy and the control parameters of the battery by a power supply system of the spacecraft according to the measurement result; the problem that a battery terminal voltage table look-up method is not applicable under a high-power charging and discharging working mode of a battery in a spacecraft and a traditional electricity meter is inaccurate in measurement is solved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a method for measuring the charge and discharge capacity of a battery comprises the following steps:
(1) building a battery charging and discharging electric quantity measuring system;
the battery charging and discharging electric quantity measuring system comprises a measured battery, a measuring and collecting circuit and an electric quantity calculating module, wherein the measuring and collecting circuit is connected to an input/output path of the measured battery, the measuring and collecting circuit can transmit obtained measuring parameter values to the electric quantity calculating module, the electric quantity calculating module can calculate and generate charging and discharging electric quantities and transmit measuring and calculating results to a battery or power supply management system, and the measuring and collecting circuit or the electric quantity calculating module can transmit parameter measuring results to the battery or power supply management system;
(2) collecting parameters of a battery measurement system;
the control measurement acquisition circuit acquires the battery voltage, the battery current, the battery temperature, the battery voltage change and the battery current change of the measured battery, including the battery voltage u acquired at the ith acquisition momentiBattery current iiBattery temperature TiCell voltage change u'iAnd battery current change i'i(ii) a The measured battery is a single battery or a battery pack, and i is a positive integer;
(3) calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery;
calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity En of the battery at the nth acquisition moment
Wherein, tiP (t) u (t) i (t), η at the ith acquisition timeT(ti)＝η×kT(ti)，kT(ti) For the temperature T at the ith acquisition timeiCorresponding temperature coefficient is takenThe value range is positive, and eta is a charge-discharge coefficient; u (t) is a cell voltage uiCell voltage change u'iBattery voltage ui-1Calculated by interpolation, i (t) is the battery current iiAnd battery current change i'iBattery current ii-1And (4) performing interpolation calculation.
The battery voltage is the terminal voltage of the whole measured battery, the battery current is the input and output current of the whole measured battery, the battery temperature is a single temperature value when a single battery is measured, and is the average value of a plurality of temperature measuring points in a battery pack when the battery is a battery pack; the battery voltage change is measured by magnetic induction or electric induction in a parallel connection mode; the battery current is converted into magnetic induction and electric induction which are obtained in a series connection mode.
The interpolation method comprises Lagrange interpolation, Newton interpolation or Hermite interpolation.
A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-3.
A device for measuring charge and discharge capacity of a battery, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in said memory and executable on said processor, said processor implementing the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when executing said computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the prior art, the short-term high-power charging and discharging working mode of the battery can more accurately correct the electric quantity measuring errors caused by hysteresis, dynamic internal resistance and temperature change in the discharging process of the battery, and obtain an accurate battery output result;
(2) the invention solves the defect of large measurement error in the short-term high-power working mode in the prior art by using a mathematical method of interpolation for calculating the battery voltage and the battery current, and has the advantage of more accurate measurement of the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery charge and discharge capacity measurement system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of various parameter acquisition of a battery measurement system;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging/discharging power calculation process.
Detailed Description
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a method for measuring the charging and discharging electric quantity of a battery, solves the problem of measuring the actual current, voltage and electric quantity of the battery under the condition of high-power charging and discharging of the battery or a battery pack used in a spacecraft, and a power supply system of the spacecraft can calculate and adjust the health state, management strategies and control parameters of the battery according to the measurement result; the problem that a battery terminal voltage table look-up method is not applicable under a high-power charging and discharging working mode of a battery in a spacecraft and a traditional electricity meter is inaccurate in measurement is solved.
The invention has the characteristics that: the acquisition circuit of current change and voltage change is responsible for the acquisition of the battery transient parameters; the temperature parameter is added in the calculation method of the electric quantity, and the temperature parameter is obtained by calculating the acquisition result of the battery temperature acquisition circuit; acquiring at least one acquisition value of current, voltage, current transformation, voltage transformation and battery temperature every set time; when one-time charging or discharging is completed, the electric quantity calculates the output energy of the primary battery so as to obtain the measurement result of the method.
First, battery charge and discharge electric quantity measuring system scheme
As shown in fig. 1, the scheme for measuring the charge/discharge capacity of the battery according to this embodiment includes: the device comprises a measured battery, a measurement acquisition circuit and an electric quantity calculation module. The connection relation of the battery charging and discharging electric quantity measuring system is that the measurement acquisition circuit is connected on an input and output path of a measured battery, measurement parameter values obtained by the acquisition circuit are directly transmitted to the electric quantity calculating module, and the charging and discharging electric quantity is calculated and generated by the electric quantity calculating module. The power calculation module may communicate the parameter measurements and measurement calculations to a battery or power management system.
Secondly, collecting all parameters of the battery measuring system
As shown in fig. 2, the object of parameter acquisition in this example, that is, the measured battery, may be a single battery or a battery pack. The parameters collected by the measurement and collection circuit at least comprise 5 types of battery voltage, battery current, battery temperature, battery voltage change, battery current change and the like. Wherein the battery voltage should be a terminal voltage of the whole of the measured battery; the battery current should be the input-output current of the whole battery to be measured; the battery temperature is a single temperature value when a single battery is measured, and the battery temperature is an average value of a plurality of temperature measuring points in the battery pack when a measurement object is the battery pack; the battery voltage change is measured according to the battery voltage change, and the acquisition mode includes but is not limited to magnetic induction, electric induction and the like; the battery current change is measured by the battery current change, and the collection mode includes, but is not limited to, magnetic induction, electric induction and the like.
Third, calculating method for charging and discharging electric quantity of battery
Fig. 3 shows a calculation flow for finally forming a power measurement result for each parameter in the battery power calculation. The calculation formula of the battery capacity is as follows:
wherein, tiP (t) u (t) i (t), η at the ith acquisition timeT(ti)＝η×kT(ti)，kT(ti) The value range of the temperature coefficient corresponding to the temperature T at the ith acquisition time is positive number etaTIs a charge-discharge coefficient corresponding to the temperature T; u (t) is the cell voltage uiCell voltage change u'iBattery voltage ui-1Calculated by interpolation, i (t) is the battery current iiAnd battery current change i'iBattery current ii-1Carrying out interpolation calculation to obtain; the interpolation method comprises Lagrange interpolation, Newton interpolation, Hermite interpolation and the likeA method.
The invention collects the voltage change parameter and the current change parameter, which comprises the following steps: the voltage change parameter and the current change parameter can be used for accurately generating voltage and current curves, and the ratio of the voltage change parameter to the current change parameter is the dynamic internal resistance of the battery and can also reflect the health state of the battery, which is an important basis of the invention.
The application of the battery temperature parameter in the calculation of the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery comprises the following steps: the speed of the internal reaction of the battery can change at different temperatures, and the temperature correction of the efficiency of the battery is carried out under the condition of large temperature change amplitude of the battery, so that the method is an important link in electric quantity calculation.
The method for calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery comprises the following steps: the battery parameter acquisition method disclosed by the invention comprises voltage change acquisition and current change acquisition, and the two parameters can reflect the instantaneous first-order derivatives of the voltage and the current along with the time change in real time, so that interpolation calculation between two or more adjacent measurements can be provided, and the battery parameter acquisition method can be closer to a real battery voltage and current curve under the condition of severe input and output changes.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for measuring the charge and discharge capacity of a battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a battery charging and discharging electric quantity measuring system;
the battery charging and discharging electric quantity measuring system comprises a measured battery, a measuring and collecting circuit and an electric quantity calculating module, wherein the measuring and collecting circuit is connected to an input/output path of the measured battery, the measuring and collecting circuit can transmit obtained measuring parameter values to the electric quantity calculating module, the electric quantity calculating module can calculate and generate charging and discharging electric quantities and transmit measuring and calculating results to a battery or power supply management system, and the measuring and collecting circuit or the electric quantity calculating module can transmit parameter measuring results to the battery or power supply management system;
(2) collecting parameters of a battery measurement system;
the control measurement acquisition circuit acquires the battery voltage, the battery current, the battery temperature, the battery voltage change and the battery current change of the measured battery, including the battery voltage u acquired at the ith acquisition momentiBattery current iiBattery temperature TiCell voltage change u'iAnd battery current variation i'i(ii) a The measured battery is a single battery or a battery pack, and i is a positive integer;
(3) calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity of the battery;
calculating the charge and discharge electric quantity En of the battery at the nth acquisition moment
Wherein, tiP (t) u (t) i (t), η at the ith acquisition timeT(ti)＝η×kT(ti)，kT(ti) For the battery temperature T at the ith acquisition timeiThe value range of the corresponding temperature coefficient is positive, and eta is a charge-discharge coefficient; u (t) is a cell voltage uiCell voltage change u'iAnd the battery voltage ui-1Calculated by interpolation, i (t) is the battery current iiAnd battery current change i'iAnd a battery current ii-1And (4) performing interpolation calculation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the battery voltage is the terminal voltage of the whole measured battery, the battery current is the input and output current of the whole measured battery, the battery temperature is a single temperature value when a single battery is measured, and is the average value of a plurality of temperature measuring points in a battery pack when the battery is a battery pack; the battery voltage change is measured by magnetic induction or electric induction in a parallel connection mode; the battery current is converted into magnetic induction or electric induction and is obtained in a series connection mode.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the interpolation method comprises Lagrange interpolation, Newton interpolation or Hermite interpolation.
4. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A charge and discharge capacity measuring apparatus of a battery, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-3.
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| CN109669133B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-28 | 北京交通大学 | Background mining analysis method for service life data of power lithium battery |
| CN110133519B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-11-16 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Battery capacity calculation method, device and equipment |
| CN110673043A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-10 | 安克创新科技股份有限公司 | Method for current electric quantity of battery of self-moving device, self-moving device and control method |
| CN110927595B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-01-01 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Ampere-hour meter electric quantity calculation method of spacecraft storage battery |
| TWI775479B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-08-21 | 黑澤科技股份有限公司 | Circuit detection device |
| CN116699422B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-04-02 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Battery electric quantity calculating method and related device |
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