CN109060964A - A kind of coupling liquid circulation filling apparatus and method for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car - Google Patents
A kind of coupling liquid circulation filling apparatus and method for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060964A CN109060964A CN201811083202.1A CN201811083202A CN109060964A CN 109060964 A CN109060964 A CN 109060964A CN 201811083202 A CN201811083202 A CN 201811083202A CN 109060964 A CN109060964 A CN 109060964A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000033748 Device issues Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1919—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the type of controller
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
Abstract
Filling apparatus is recycled the present invention relates to a kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car and method, device therein include: water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and pump;One end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is separately positioned on the two sides for visiting wheel, and is connected with the coupling liquid cavity in the spy wheel, and the other end is connected to the both ends of the pump;The coupling liquid that the pump is recycled by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity conveying visited in wheel.The present invention bubble visited in wheel or impurity can be discharged in real time by the coupling liquid to the coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation visited in wheel, avoid generating interference to the echo-signal that rail reflects, to improve the accuracy of rail examination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasound detection fields, and in particular to a kind of coupling liquid circulation filling for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car
Device and method.
Background technique
It is visited in wheel in rail, coupling liquid is the fluidity transmitting medium for connecting ultrasonic probe and rail.When rail examination, wheel is visited
Interior ultrasonic probe emits ultrasonic wave, and under the conduction " transition " of coupling liquid, ultrasonic wave enters inside rail, is encountering crackle etc.
It is reflected when defect, the ultrasonic echo of reflection is received again by coupling liquid by ultrasonic probe.Reflectoscope is by number of echoes
M- amplitude information when word turns to arrives the location information of defect multiplied by the velocity of sound, to realize that steel rail defect positions.It is existing
There are two types of coupling liquid dosing methods: 1, connecting funnel by the water inlet pipe on ring flange, fill manually;2, by visiting wheel ring flange
Upper water inlet pipe connection mechanical pump filling.Both modes the bubble visited in wheel or impurity can not be discharged in real time, can be anti-to rail
The echo-signal penetrated generates interference.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of coupling liquid circulation filling apparatus for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car
And method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car is followed
Ring filling apparatus, comprising: water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and pump;
One end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe be separately positioned on it is described visit wheel two sides, and with spys take turns in
The conducting of coupling liquid cavity, the other end are connected to the both ends of the pump;
The coupling that the pump is recycled by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity conveying visited in wheel
Close liquid.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of, and the coupling liquid based on above-mentioned apparatus recycles charging method,
Include:
Pump conveys the coupling liquid of circulation by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity visited in wheel.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by the coupling liquid to the coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation visited in wheel, it can
The bubble visited in wheel or impurity are discharged in real time, avoid generating interference to the echo-signal that rail reflects, to improve rail spy
The accuracy of wound.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the knot that a kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car provided in an embodiment of the present invention recycles filling apparatus
Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that another coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car provided in an embodiment of the present invention recycles filling apparatus
Structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of the temperature control method based on fuzzy-PI D-algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the knot that a kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car provided in an embodiment of the present invention recycles filling apparatus
Structure schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 1, the device includes: water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and pump;
One end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe be separately positioned on it is described visit wheel two sides, and with spys take turns in
The conducting of coupling liquid cavity, the other end are connected to the both ends of the pump;
The coupling that the pump is recycled by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity conveying visited in wheel
Close liquid.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the cyclic process of coupling liquid is as follows: under the pressure of pump, coupling liquid passes through water inlet
Pipe is filled into the coupling liquid cavity visited in wheel, and when liquid is filled it up in the cavity, pump continues to pressurize, and coupling liquid enters along outlet pipe
Spy wheel is entered by the water outlet pumped again after the water inlet of pump, is so recycled, that is, realizes the circulation filling for visiting wheel liquid.It is taken turns visiting
In the cyclic process of liquid, the bubble or impurity visited in wheel can be discharged in real time, avoid its interference to ultrasonic signal, thus
Improve the accuracy of rail examination, wherein booster pump can be used in pump.
A kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car provided in an embodiment of the present invention recycles filling apparatus, and use follows
Ring filling replaces filling by hand using machine automatization dosing method, and coupling liquid can be achieved in rail-defect detector car operational process
Whole line closed loop flowing, can substitute existing offline circulation charging method.
Optionally, in as an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the device further include: thermoregulator, control
Device and temperature sensor processed;
The other end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet and water inlet of thermoregulator, institute
Pump is stated to be arranged in the water inlet pipe or the outlet pipe;The output end of the input terminal of the controller and the temperature sensor
Connection, the output end of the controller are connect with the input terminal of the thermoregulator;
The controller is according to the coupling liquid temperature control that the temperature threshold of setting and the temperature sensor measure
Thermoregulator carries out thermostatic control to coupling liquid, and the pump is adjusted by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the temperature
The coupling liquid of device and the coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation visited in wheel.
Specifically, during rail examination, since the coupling liquid velocity of sound is lower, propagation time of the sound wave in coupling liquid compared with
Long, the accuracy of the coupling liquid velocity of sound becomes the key for influencing steel rail defect testing result.And temperature is to influence the coupling liquid velocity of sound
Principal element, by taking water as an example, 30 DEG C with 10 DEG C when the velocity of sound differ 62mm/us or so, the sound path of rail examination is generally in 150-
200us, the echo position error of calculating is up to 1cm or more.China high-speed rail overlay area is wide, north-south climate difference is big, in practice
There are when biggish circumstance of temperature difference, it is incorrect that coupling liquid sonic velocity change will lead to echo range information, to influence to sentence to hurt gate
Setting, is easy to cause missing inspection and misjudgement.
Maintain the temperature for visiting coupling liquid in wheel is constant to be to maintain the constant effective ways of its velocity of sound, however it is both domestic and external at present
Rail-defect detector car is visited coupling liquid in taking turns and is filled offline there has been no temperature controlled report or application case is carried out to coupling liquid
Afterwards, i.e., it causes acoustic velocity measutement inaccurate with external environment natural trend, influences the accuracy of result of detection.
In the present embodiment, under the premise of being recycled online based on coupling liquid, by being followed in temperature sensor measurement device
The temperature of the coupling liquid of ring, controller control thermoregulator according to the temperature of measurement and carry out thermostatic control to coupling liquid, for example,
When temperature is lower than setting value, controller control thermoregulator heats coupling liquid, when temperature is higher than setting value, then
Control thermoregulator cools down coupling liquid, so that coupling liquid be made to keep constant temperature.Preferably, temperature sensor is settable
In the coupling liquid cavity for visiting wheel, measurement result is more accurate.
As shown in Fig. 2, temperature information acquisition of the present invention is realized using FPGA and DS18B20 temperature sensor.DS18B20 will
The coupling liquid temperature transition measured in real time is 12bit serial data, is directly exported with digital level, can be direct-connected with FPGA, is not necessarily to
Centre simulation conditioning circuit.DS18B20 reading and writing sequential control is carried out by Verilog language inside FPGA, temperature value is passed
Pass fuzzy-PI D temperature control algorithm.Temperature information acquisition is carried out using FPGA and DS18B20, has structure simple, at low cost, smart
The advantages that degree height and strong antijamming capability, can measure temperature range is -55 DEG C -+125 DEG C, and temperature resolution is 0.0625 DEG C, and
With waterproof enclosure, meet spy wheel coupling liquid temperature acquisition demand.
In this embodiment, the cyclic process of coupling liquid is as follows: under the pressure of pump, coupling liquid is filled from thermoregulator
To visiting in wheel, when liquid is filled it up in spy is taken turns, pump continues to pressurize, and coupling liquid enters temperature regulating chamber along outlet pipe, through constant temperature tune
The water outlet that coupling liquid after section passes through thermoregulator again enters spy wheel, so recycles, that is, the circulation for realizing spy wheel liquid adds
Note.
Optionally, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the controller includes that fuzzy controller and pwm pulse occur
Device, the input terminal of the fuzzy controller are connect with the output end of the temperature sensor, the output end of the fuzzy controller
It is connect with the input terminal of the pwm pulse generator, the output end of the pwm pulse generator is defeated with the thermoregulator
Enter end connection;
The fuzzy controller, for according to fuzzy-PI D temperature control algorithm to setting temperature threshold and the temperature sensing
The coupling liquid temperature that device measures is handled, and control result is exported;
The pwm pulse generator, for exporting PWM square wave according to the control result;
The thermoregulator, for coupling liquid to be heated or freezed under the control of the PWM square wave.
Specifically, classical PID temperature control algorithm is built upon in controlled device temperature change mathematical model, and steel in practice
Rail, which is visited, takes turns interior coupling liquid temperature change with factors such as time variation and uncertainties, is directly easy to cause using classical PID algorithm
The distortion of model parameter and structure is that control result deviates setting principle, causes the problems such as regulating time is long, temperature control error is big.
Fuzzy control is current fast-developing practical intelligent control method, and the present invention is designed according to wheel coupling liquid temperature control demand is visited
The intelligent temperature control system that fuzzy control is combined with classical PID algorithm out uses fuzzy-PI D-algorithm pair by fuzzy controller
Control result is converted to different PWM duty cycle square waves, is occurred by pwm pulse by the real-time regulation and control of coupling liquid temperature
Device issues PWM square wave.Fuzzy control rule is used when the temperature difference is larger, to accelerate response speed, improves dynamic property;Work as the temperature difference
PID control is used when smaller, is kept its static properties good, is met control accuracy requirement.
Fuzzy-PI D-algorithm requires no knowledge about the accurate model of object, is obtaining Current Temperatures information and setting adjusting threshold value
In the case where, for control process as shown in figure 3, T is system set point temperature threshold value in Fig. 3, y is the output of temperature control result, defeated
Result is converted to the PWM square wave of different duty by FPGA out, acts on temperature adjustment module, is added to the coupling liquid flowed through
Heat or refrigeration processing, when coupling liquid again flows through DS18B20, new temperature value, which is measured, is sent into temperature control system.E is current temperature
Difference between degree and threshold value T, de/dt is the change rate of deviation e, i.e. △ e.E and △ E is deviation e and △ e after blurring
Quantization input.In view of the real-time of calculating speed and response, the present invention is existed FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL using Verilog language
It is realized in FPGA.
When temperature deviation e and △ e are respectively less than 0, temperature control system increases heating power;When temperature deviation e is less than 0, simultaneously
When temperature deviation change rate △ e is equal to 0, temperature control system heating power is smaller;When temperature deviation e is greater than 0 while △ e also greater than 0
When, temperature control system starts control cooling.It, can be a wide range of interior to coupling by this FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL come treatment temperature object
It closes liquid and realizes that intelligent, self-adaptive temperature is adjusted, high, the adaptable advantage with flexibility.
In the embodiment of the present invention, realize that High-Accuracy PWM temperature control adjusts pulse output using FPGA.According to fuzzy-PI D-algorithm
Control result, FPGA act on the PWM square-wave pulse of temperature regulated quantity transition response duty ratio on thermoregulator.Temperature
Heating part uses heating wire in adjuster, cools and is realized using Minitype refrigeration compressor.Compared to single-chip microcontroller and CPU etc.
Conventional method, FPGA realize PWM output, have fast response time, pulse control advantage with high accuracy.
Optionally, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the controller further includes speed measuring module, the speed measuring module
Input terminal is connect with the probe for visiting wheel;
The speed measuring module, for successively carrying out Wavelet Denoising Method and central moment to the received rail reflection echo of probe
Algorithm process exports acoustic velocity measutement result.
Specifically, wavelet transformation has better local feature characterization ability compared with Fourier transformation, suitable for analysis signal
Transient changing.Therefore, the present invention carries out echo-signal using wavelet transformation to filter processing of making an uproar, and effectively filters out echo bottom and makes an uproar, mentions
High detection sensitivity.Central moment can reflect the degree of scatter of variable-value, be common statistics parameter.The present invention devises
Velocity of sound computational algorithm based on central moment, to improve accuracy of measurement.For example, system is carried out during testing the speed with the frequency of 3KHz
Time quantum is sequentially divided into multiple squares in this way in a tested point available 3000 time of measuring amounts per second by ultrasonic excitation
Battle array, calculates separately the third central moment of each matrix, and the smallest matrix of its value is taken to be used as most smoothed matrix, the matrix times
The average value of amount is the echo time as position to be measured, in conjunction with fixed coupling liquid propagation distance, can be extrapolated current
The coupling liquid velocity of sound.This method effectively reduces random error, and measurement error is less than 1m/s.In addition, being surveyed to improve accuracy of measurement
Fast module is to received echo data without any compression processing.
A kind of coupling liquid based on above-mentioned apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention recycles charging method, this method comprises:
11, pump conveys the coupling liquid of circulation by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity visited in wheel.
Optionally, in this embodiment, this method comprises:
21, controller controls thermoregulator according to the coupling liquid temperature that the temperature threshold and temperature sensor of setting measure
Thermostatic control is carried out to coupling liquid;
22, the coupling of coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation of the pump by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe into thermoregulator and spy wheel
Liquid.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the controller includes fuzzy controller and pwm pulse generator;
Step 21 specifically includes:
211, temperature threshold and the temperature sensing of the fuzzy controller according to fuzzy-PI D temperature control algorithm to setting
The coupling liquid temperature that device measures is handled, and control result is exported;
212, the pwm pulse generator exports PWM square wave according to the control result;
213, the thermoregulator is heated or is freezed under the control of the PWM square wave.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the controller further includes speed measuring module, this method further include:
23, the speed measuring module successively carries out at Wavelet Denoising Method and central moment algorithm received rail reflection echo of popping one's head in
Reason exports acoustic velocity measutement result.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coupling liquid for detecting wheel of rail flaw detecting car recycles filling apparatus characterized by comprising water inlet pipe, water outlet
Pipe and pump;
One end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is separately positioned on the two sides for visiting wheel, and visits the coupling in taking turns with described
The conducting of sap cavity body, the other end are connected to the both ends of the pump;
The coupling liquid that the pump is recycled by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity conveying visited in wheel.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: thermoregulator, controller and temperature sensing
Device;
The other end of the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet and water inlet of thermoregulator, the pump
It is arranged in the water inlet pipe or the outlet pipe;The output end of the input terminal of the controller and the temperature sensor connects
It connects, the output end of the controller is connect with the input terminal of the thermoregulator;
The controller controls the temperature according to the coupling liquid temperature that the temperature threshold and the temperature sensor of setting measure
Adjuster carries out thermostatic control to coupling liquid, the pump by the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the thermoregulator and
The coupling liquid of the coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation visited in wheel.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the controller includes fuzzy controller and pwm pulse hair
Raw device, the input terminal of the fuzzy controller are connect with the output end of the temperature sensor, the output of the fuzzy controller
End is connect with the input terminal of the pwm pulse generator, the output end of the pwm pulse generator and the thermoregulator
Input terminal connection;
The fuzzy controller, for being surveyed according to fuzzy-PI D temperature control algorithm to the temperature threshold of setting and the temperature sensor
The coupling liquid temperature obtained is handled, and control result is exported;
The pwm pulse generator, for exporting PWM square wave according to the control result;
The thermoregulator, for coupling liquid to be heated or freezed under the control of the PWM square wave.
4. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the controller includes speed measuring module, the speed measuring module
Input terminal with it is described visit wheel probe connect;
The speed measuring module, for successively carrying out Wavelet Denoising Method and central moment algorithm to the received rail reflection echo of probe
Processing exports acoustic velocity measutement result.
5. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the controller uses FPGA, uses inside FPGA
Verilog language;The temperature sensor uses DS18B20;The thermoregulator includes heating wire and refrigeration compressor.
6. device according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the pump uses booster pump.
7. a kind of coupling liquid based on any one of claim 1-6 described device recycles charging method characterized by comprising
Pump conveys the coupling liquid of circulation by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe to the coupling liquid cavity visited in wheel.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that further include:
The coupling liquid temperature control thermoregulator that controller is measured according to the temperature threshold and temperature sensor of setting is to coupling
Liquid carries out thermostatic control, coupling liquid cavity conveying circulation of the pump by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe into thermoregulator and spy wheel
Coupling liquid.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the controller includes fuzzy controller and pwm pulse hair
Raw device;
The controller controls thermoregulator pair according to the coupling liquid temperature that the temperature threshold and temperature sensor of setting measure
Coupling liquid carries out thermostatic control, specifically includes:
The fuzzy controller measures the temperature threshold of setting and the temperature sensor according to fuzzy-PI D temperature control algorithm
Coupling liquid temperature is handled, and control result is exported;
The pwm pulse generator exports PWM square wave according to the control result;
The thermoregulator is heated or is freezed under the control of the PWM square wave.
10. according to the described in any item methods of claim 7-9, which is characterized in that the controller includes speed measuring module, described
Method further include:
The speed measuring module successively carries out Wavelet Denoising Method and central moment algorithm process to received rail reflection echo of popping one's head in, and exports
Acoustic velocity measutement result.
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Cited By (2)
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CN109856241A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-06-07 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | The steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting method and system automatically controlled based on threshold value |
CN112540638A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Coupling liquid intelligent control method |
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