CN109060456B - A calibration device and method for a fixed source dilution channel sampler - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及采样器标定领域，特别是涉及一种固定源稀释通道采样器的标定装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of sampler calibration, in particular to a calibration device and method for a fixed source dilution channel sampler.
背景技术Background technique
颗粒物采样分析仪器在环保和科研等领域应用广泛，固定源(钢铁厂烟囱、水泥厂烟囱、供暖锅炉烟囱等)、移动源(汽车、飞机、轮船等)以及环境受体(监测站点采样器)等对空气质量的分析都涉及到颗粒物的分析，包括颗粒物数浓度、质量浓度、质谱成分分析等，这都需要相关颗粒物采集和分析仪器。现有颗粒物仪器采样分析数据时，由于采样环境的未知性，往往会出现数据不准、超量程、异常值、仪器运行参数异常等现象，有时花费很多物力、财力进行的项目研究，由于多变的环境问题，导致数据收集少、不准确，与实际数据差异大。Particulate matter sampling and analysis instruments are widely used in environmental protection and scientific research and other fields. Fixed sources (steel plant chimneys, cement plant chimneys, heating boiler chimneys, etc.), mobile sources (cars, airplanes, ships, etc.) and environmental receptors (monitoring site samplers) The analysis of air quality involves the analysis of particulate matter, including particle number concentration, mass concentration, mass spectrometry component analysis, etc., which all require relevant particulate matter collection and analysis instruments. When the existing particulate matter instrument samples and analyzes data, due to the unknown sampling environment, there are often inaccurate data, out-of-range, abnormal values, abnormal instrument operating parameters and other phenomena. environmental problems, resulting in less data collection, inaccuracy, and large discrepancies with actual data.
颗粒物仪器在不同的环境条件下运行参数存在差异，温度、湿度、海拔高度等对颗粒物仪器的运行参数都有影响。现有的用于研究气溶胶颗粒物的模拟测试装置通常为一个箱体，用于发生气溶胶颗粒物然后仪器进行静态标定，对压力、风速等实际情况无法控制和模拟，由于缺少对多风、高海拔低压低温地区真实环境的模拟，以致于复杂环境下颗粒物仪器的运行参数变化较大。There are differences in the operating parameters of particulate matter instruments under different environmental conditions. Temperature, humidity, altitude, etc. have an impact on the operating parameters of particulate matter instruments. The existing simulation test device for studying aerosol particles is usually a box, which is used to generate aerosol particles and then perform static calibration of the instrument, which cannot control and simulate the actual conditions such as pressure and wind speed. Simulation of the real environment in high altitude, low pressure and low temperature areas, so that the operating parameters of particulate matter instruments in complex environments vary greatly.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种固定源稀释通道采样器的标定装置及方法，通过模拟各种环境，实时对固定源稀释通道采样器进行标定，以提高固定源稀释通道采样器的使用精度。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a calibration device and method for a fixed source dilution channel sampler, which can calibrate the fixed source dilution channel sampler in real time by simulating various environments, so as to improve the use accuracy of the fixed source dilution channel sampler.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:
一种固定源稀释通道采样器的标定装置，所述标定装置包括：风机、空气管道、气溶胶管道、加热装置、水蒸气输送装置、标准尘装置；A calibration device for a fixed source dilution channel sampler, the calibration device comprises: a fan, an air pipeline, an aerosol pipeline, a heating device, a water vapor conveying device, and a standard dust device;
所述空气管道的第一端通过所述加热装置与所述气溶胶管道的第一端连接；所述空气管道的第二端固定有所述风机；所述风机用于将所述加热装置加热后的空气送入所述气溶胶管道内；The first end of the air duct is connected with the first end of the aerosol duct through the heating device; the fan is fixed on the second end of the air duct; the fan is used to heat the heating device The latter air is sent into the aerosol pipeline;
所述气溶胶管道第一端的管壁上还设置有尘入口和水蒸气入口；所述水蒸气输送装置通过所述水蒸气入口与所述气溶胶管道相连接，所述水蒸气输送装置用于将水蒸气传输至所述气溶胶管道内；所述标准尘装置通过所述尘入口与所述气溶胶管道相连，所述标准尘装置用于产生标准尘，并将所述标准尘传输至所述气溶胶管道内；The pipe wall of the first end of the aerosol pipeline is also provided with a dust inlet and a water vapor inlet; the water vapor conveying device is connected to the aerosol pipeline through the water vapor inlet, and the water vapor conveying device uses In order to transmit water vapor into the aerosol pipe; the standard dust device is connected with the aerosol pipe through the dust inlet, and the standard dust device is used to generate standard dust and transmit the standard dust to in the aerosol pipeline;
所述气溶胶管道的中间段的管壁上还设置有多组测试口，每组测试口包括多个，同一组的多个测试口均匀环绕分布在所述气溶胶管道的管壁上；固定源稀释通道采样器通过所述测试口测量所述气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度，根据粉尘浓度标准值和每个固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值的分析，实现对每个固定源稀释通道采样器的标定。The pipe wall of the middle section of the aerosol pipeline is also provided with a plurality of groups of test ports, each group of test ports includes a plurality of test ports, and the multiple test ports of the same group are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the aerosol pipe; The source dilution channel sampler measures the dust concentration in the aerosol pipeline through the test port, and realizes sampling of each fixed source dilution channel according to the dust concentration standard value and the analysis of the measured value of each fixed source dilution channel sampler device calibration.
可选的，所述标定装置通过调节所述加热装置的加热温度调节所述气溶胶管道内的气溶胶温度；所述标定装置通过调节所述水蒸气输送装置的输送功率调节所述气溶胶管道内的气溶胶湿度；所述标定装置通过调节所述标准尘装置的功率调节所述气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度。Optionally, the calibration device adjusts the aerosol temperature in the aerosol pipeline by adjusting the heating temperature of the heating device; the calibration device adjusts the aerosol pipeline by adjusting the transmission power of the water vapor conveying device. The aerosol humidity in the aerosol pipe is adjusted; the calibration device adjusts the dust concentration in the aerosol pipeline by adjusting the power of the standard dust device.
一种固定源稀释通道采样器的标定方法，所述标定方法包括：A calibration method for a fixed source dilution channel sampler, the calibration method comprising:
获取固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值；所述测量值为所述固定源稀释通道采样器通过标定装置的采样口得到的气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度值；所述标定装置包括：风机、空气管道、气溶胶管道、加热装置、水蒸气输送装置、标准尘装置；所述空气管道的第一端通过所述加热装置与所述气溶胶管道的第一端连接；所述空气管道的第二端固定有所述风机；所述风机用于将所述加热装置加热后的空气送入所述气溶胶管道内；所述气溶胶管道第一端的管壁上还设置有尘入口和水蒸气入口；所述水蒸气输送装置通过所述水蒸气入口与所述气溶胶管道相连接，所述水蒸气输送装置用于将水蒸气传输至所述气溶胶管道内；所述标准尘装置通过所述尘入口与所述气溶胶管道相连，所述标准尘装置用于产生标准尘，并将所述标准尘传输至所述气溶胶管道内；所述气溶胶管道的中间段的管壁上还设置有多组测试口，每组测试口包括多个，同一组的多个测试口均匀环绕分布在所述气溶胶管道的管壁上；Obtain the measurement value of the fixed source dilution channel sampler; the measurement value is the dust concentration value in the aerosol pipeline obtained by the fixed source dilution channel sampler through the sampling port of the calibration device; the calibration device includes: a fan, an air pipeline, aerosol pipeline, heating device, water vapor conveying device, standard dust device; the first end of the air pipeline is connected with the first end of the aerosol pipeline through the heating device; the second end of the air pipeline The fan is fixed at the end; the fan is used to send the air heated by the heating device into the aerosol pipe; the pipe wall of the first end of the aerosol pipe is also provided with a dust inlet and water vapor an inlet; the water vapor delivery device is connected to the aerosol pipeline through the water vapor inlet, and the water vapor delivery device is used to transmit water vapor into the aerosol pipeline; the standard dust device passes through the aerosol pipeline. The dust inlet is connected to the aerosol pipe, and the standard dust device is used to generate standard dust and transmit the standard dust into the aerosol pipe; the pipe wall of the middle section of the aerosol pipe is also There are multiple groups of test ports, each group of test ports includes multiple test ports, and the multiple test ports in the same group are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the aerosol pipeline;
获取所述气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度标准值；obtaining the standard value of dust concentration in the aerosol pipeline;
根据所述粉尘浓度标准值和所述测量值，确定所述固定源稀释通道采样器的测量效率。According to the dust concentration standard value and the measured value, the measurement efficiency of the fixed source dilution channel sampler is determined.
可选的，所述获取固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值，之前还包括：Optionally, before obtaining the measurement value of the fixed source dilution channel sampler, the method further includes:
获取模拟气溶胶的设定参数，所述设定参数包括气溶胶的温度、湿度和粉尘浓度；Acquiring setting parameters of the simulated aerosol, where the setting parameters include the temperature, humidity and dust concentration of the aerosol;
调节所述加热装置的加热温度，以调节所述气溶胶的温度；adjusting the heating temperature of the heating device to adjust the temperature of the aerosol;
调节所述水蒸气输送装置的输送功率，以调节所述气溶胶的湿度；adjusting the conveying power of the water vapor conveying device to adjust the humidity of the aerosol;
调节所述标准尘装置的功率，以调节所述气溶胶的粉尘浓度。The power of the standard dust device is adjusted to adjust the dust concentration of the aerosol.
可选的，所述获取固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值，之后还包括：Optionally, the acquiring the measurement value of the fixed source dilution channel sampler further includes:
获取所述固定源稀释通道采样器在多个测试口的多个测量值；所述多个测试口属于同一组；acquiring multiple measurement values of the fixed source dilution channel sampler at multiple test ports; the multiple test ports belong to the same group;
根据所述多个测量值确定所述固定源稀释通道采样器的离散度。The dispersion of the fixed source dilution channel sampler is determined from the plurality of measurements.
可选的，所述根据所述粉尘浓度标准值和所述测量值，确定所述固定源稀释通道采样器的测量效率，之后还包括：Optionally, determining the measurement efficiency of the fixed source dilution channel sampler according to the dust concentration standard value and the measured value, and then further comprising:
获取不同固定源稀释通道采样器在不同组测试口的多组测量值；不同组测量值对应不同组测试口；Obtain multiple sets of measurement values of different fixed source dilution channel samplers in different groups of test ports; different groups of measurement values correspond to different groups of test ports;
根据所述多组测量值，确定不同固定源稀释通道采样器之间的平行性。Based on the sets of measurement values, the parallelism between different fixed source dilution channel samplers is determined.
根据本发明提供的具体实施例，本发明公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
采用本发明的标定装置进行标定时，通过多组测试口和同一组中的多个测试口，可以实现固定源稀释通道采样器的不同标定需求，可以提高采样器的标定效率；When the calibration device of the present invention is used for calibration, different calibration requirements of the fixed source dilution channel sampler can be achieved through multiple groups of test ports and multiple test ports in the same group, and the calibration efficiency of the sampler can be improved;
而且，通过对气溶胶的温度、湿度和粉尘浓度进行调节，可以模拟不同测试环境，进而得到不同测试环境下的采样器的标定结果，采用标定后的采样器进行采样，可以提高采样器的采集精度。Moreover, by adjusting the temperature, humidity and dust concentration of the aerosol, different test environments can be simulated, and then the calibration results of the samplers in different test environments can be obtained. Using the calibrated sampler for sampling can improve the collection of samplers. precision.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本发明固定源稀释通道采样器的标定装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the calibration device of the fixed source dilution channel sampler of the present invention;
图2为本发明固定源稀释通道采样器的标定方法的流程示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the calibration method of the fixed source dilution channel sampler of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1为本发明固定源稀释通道采样器的标定装置的结构示意图。如图1所示，所述标定装置包括：风机1、空气管道2、气溶胶管道3、加热装置4、水蒸气输送装置5、标准尘装置6；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the calibration device of the fixed source dilution channel sampler of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the calibration device includes: a
所述空气管道2的第一端通过所述加热装置4与所述气溶胶管道3的第一端连接。加热装置4对空气管道2中的空气进行加热。所述空气管道2的第二端固定有所述风机1；所述风机1为空气流动提供动力了，如图所示，风机1提供风力将空气管道2中加热的空气传输至气溶胶管道3中。The first end of the
所述气溶胶管道3第一端的管壁上还设置有尘入口3-1和水蒸气入口3-2；所述水蒸气输送装置5通过所述水蒸气入口3-2与所述气溶胶管道3相连接，所述水蒸气输送装置5通过管道与水蒸气入口3-2将产生的水蒸气传输至所述气溶胶管道3内。所述标准尘装置6通过所述尘入口3-1与所述气溶胶管道3相连，所述标准尘装置6用于产生标准尘，并通过管道与尘入口3-1将产生的标准尘传输至所述气溶胶管道3内。这样，在气溶胶管道3内形成气溶胶，气溶胶通过风机1提供的动力充满与整个气溶胶管道3内部。The wall of the first end of the aerosol pipeline 3 is also provided with a dust inlet 3-1 and a water vapor inlet 3-2; the water
本发明中气溶胶的温度、湿度和粉尘浓度都是可以调节的，通过调节所述加热装置4的加热温度，实现调节所述气溶胶管道3内的气溶胶温度的效果；通过调节所述水蒸气输送装置5的输送功率，实现调节所述气溶胶管道3内的气溶胶湿度的效果；通过调节所述标准尘装置6的功率，实现调节所述气溶胶管道3内的粉尘浓度的效果。In the present invention, the temperature, humidity and dust concentration of the aerosol can be adjusted. By adjusting the heating temperature of the heating device 4, the effect of adjusting the temperature of the aerosol in the aerosol pipeline 3 can be achieved; The conveying power of the
其中，温度的调节范围通常为室温～115℃，湿度的调节范围通常为室内湿度～90％，此时，根据室温和室内湿度确定温度和湿度调节范围时，本发明的标定装置还设置有温度传感器和湿度传感器，加热装置4根据温度传感器传输的室温数据确定温度调节的范围，水蒸气输送装置5根据湿度传感器传输的室内湿度数据确定湿度调节的范围。同时，由于某些采样器需要用于一些特殊的环境，例如，低温，高湿度等。对于此类情况，将温度传感器和湿度传感器关闭，此时，加热装置4根据自身功率或内设的阈值确定温度调节的范围，水蒸气输送装置5根据自身功率或内设的阈值确定湿度调节的范围。The adjustment range of temperature is usually room temperature to 115°C, and the adjustment range of humidity is usually indoor humidity to 90%. At this time, when the temperature and humidity adjustment ranges are determined according to room temperature and indoor humidity, the calibration device of the present invention is also provided with a temperature Sensor and humidity sensor, the heating device 4 determines the temperature adjustment range according to the room temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor, and the water
本发明气溶胶管道3的中间段的管壁上还设置有多组测试口3-3，每组测试口包括多个，同一组的多个测试口均匀环绕分布在所述气溶胶管道3的管壁上，每组测试口可以包括3个或者4个测试口。此时，同一组的多个测试口组成的平面与气溶胶管道3的轴线是垂直的，沿着气溶胶管道3的轴线分布着多组测试口。如图中所示，图中包括5组测试口。The pipe wall of the middle section of the aerosol pipe 3 of the present invention is also provided with a plurality of groups of test ports 3-3, each group of test ports includes a plurality of test ports, and the multiple test ports of the same group are evenly distributed around the aerosol pipe 3. On the pipe wall, each group of test ports may include 3 or 4 test ports. At this time, the plane composed of multiple test ports in the same group is perpendicular to the axis of the aerosol pipe 3 , and multiple groups of test ports are distributed along the axis of the aerosol pipe 3 . As shown in the figure, the figure includes 5 groups of test ports.
固定源稀释通道采样器通过所述测试口测量所述气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度，根据每个固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值和该模拟环境下粉尘浓度标准值的分析，实现对每个固定源稀释通道采样器的标定。同时，根据每个固定源稀释通道采样器的使用环境不同，可以调节气溶胶的相应参数，以实现对应环境下对采样器的标定。The fixed source dilution channel sampler measures the dust concentration in the aerosol pipeline through the test port. Calibration of fixed source dilution channel samplers. At the same time, according to the different use environments of each fixed source dilution channel sampler, the corresponding parameters of the aerosol can be adjusted to realize the calibration of the sampler in the corresponding environment.
采用上述标定装置，本发明还提供了一种标定方法，图2为本发明固定源稀释通道采样器的标定方法的流程示意图。如图2所示，所述标定方法包括：Using the above calibration device, the present invention also provides a calibration method, and FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the calibration method of the fixed source dilution channel sampler of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the calibration method includes:
步骤100：获取固定源稀释通道采样器的测量值。将固定源稀释通道采样器放置于气溶胶管道的测试口处，然后根据采样器的显示值通过计算可得出采样器对应位置的粉尘浓度的测量值。Step 100: Obtain the measurement value of the fixed source dilution channel sampler. The fixed source dilution channel sampler is placed at the test port of the aerosol pipeline, and then the measured value of the dust concentration at the corresponding position of the sampler can be obtained by calculation according to the displayed value of the sampler.
步骤200：获取所述气溶胶管道内的粉尘浓度标准值。粉尘浓度标准值是提前预设的，根据粉尘浓度的标准值适当调整标准尘装置的输出功率，进而使气溶胶管道中的气溶胶保持标准值浓度。Step 200: Obtain the standard value of dust concentration in the aerosol pipeline. The standard value of dust concentration is preset in advance, and the output power of the standard dust device is appropriately adjusted according to the standard value of dust concentration, so as to keep the aerosol in the aerosol pipeline at the standard value concentration.
步骤300：根据所述粉尘浓度标准值和所述测量值，确定所述固定源稀释通道采样器的测量效率。例如，采样器对应的测量值为Amg/m3，粉尘浓度标准值为Bmg/m3，则采样器的采集效率即为
除以上标定方法外，本发明的标定装置在使用时，可以实现以下多种标定：In addition to the above calibration methods, the calibration device of the present invention can realize the following various calibrations when in use:
可以实现对同一仪器的离散度标定。对同一仪器在同一组的测试口进行多次测量，通过计算标准差可以得到同一仪器的离散度。The dispersion calibration of the same instrument can be realized. Perform multiple measurements on the same instrument at the same group of test ports, and calculate the standard deviation to obtain the dispersion of the same instrument.
还可以实现对多组仪器的同时标定。对多组仪器进行标定时，每组仪器对应一组测试口，可以分别得到多组仪器的采集效率。然后根据多组仪器之间的比对，可以得到多组仪器之间的平行性。Simultaneous calibration of multiple sets of instruments can also be achieved. When calibrating multiple groups of instruments, each group of instruments corresponds to a group of test ports, and the collection efficiency of the multiple groups of instruments can be obtained respectively. Then, according to the comparison between the multiple sets of instruments, the parallelism between the multiple sets of instruments can be obtained.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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