CN109060301B - Device and method for measuring impact force generated by wrapping, pinching and scraping of loose particles - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring impact force generated by wrapping, pinching and scraping of loose particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060301B CN109060301B CN201811245941.6A CN201811245941A CN109060301B CN 109060301 B CN109060301 B CN 109060301B CN 201811245941 A CN201811245941 A CN 201811245941A CN 109060301 B CN109060301 B CN 109060301B
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- loose particles
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering application mechanics, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring impact force generated by loose particles after being wrapped and scraped. The technical proposal is as follows: the device comprises a bracket, a circulation chute, a gate, a clamping scraping area, a rigid baffle and a soil pressure sensor, wherein the circulation chute consists of two side plates and a bottom plate, the circulation chute is arranged on the bracket, and an included angle is formed between the circulation chute and a horizontal plane; the gate is arranged at the upstream of the flow chute, the rigid baffle is arranged at the downstream end of the flow chute, and the rigid baffle is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow chute; a plurality of soil pressure sensors are arranged at intervals along the central line of the rigid baffle in the vertical direction; the downstream bottom plate of the circulation chute is provided with a rectangular hole, the wrapping and scraping area is a plurality of side-by-side square grooves, and the wrapping and scraping area is arranged below the rectangular hole. The device is used for simulating the power process of the impact blocking structure after the loose particles are wrapped, scraped and used for measuring the acting force of the impact blocking structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering application mechanics, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring impact force generated by loose particles after being wrapped and scraped.
Background
The chip flow is a common geological disaster, the phenomenon of clamping scraping is one of main reasons for forming a large-scale chip flow disaster, the volume of the chip flow is increased after the chip flow is clamped and scraped, the destructive power is enhanced, and the formed hazard is larger. The debris flow is a geological phenomenon of loose particle movement, the blocking structure is a common debris flow protection measure, and no system is studied how the acting force of the impact blocking structure changes after the debris flow is wrapped and scraped. The power process of the impact blocking structure after the scraping is carried out by the scraping is researched, so that the damage degree of the debris flow caused by the scraping effect can be more accurately known, scientific reference basis can be provided for the design of the blocking structure and the disaster management more effectively, and the method has practical significance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a test apparatus for measuring the acting force of impact blocking structure after loose particles are scraped by a scraper, so as to carry out related research work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring impact force generated by wrapping and scraping loose particles, which are used for simulating the power process of the impact blocking structure generated by wrapping and scraping loose particles and measuring the acting force of the impact blocking structure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the device for measuring impact force generated by wrapping scraping of loose particles comprises a bracket, a circulating chute, a gate, a wrapping scraping area, a rigid baffle and a soil pressure sensor, wherein the circulating chute consists of two side plates and a bottom plate, the circulating chute is arranged on the bracket, and an included angle is formed between the circulating chute and a horizontal plane; the gate is arranged at the upstream of the flow chute, the rigid baffle is arranged at the downstream end of the flow chute, and the rigid baffle is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow chute; a plurality of soil pressure sensors are arranged at intervals along the central line of the rigid baffle in the vertical direction; the downstream bottom plate of the circulating chute is provided with a rectangular hole, the wrapping and scraping area is a plurality of side-by-side square grooves, and the wrapping and scraping area is arranged below the rectangular hole.
The device for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after the wrapping and scraping is characterized in that a plurality of chocks corresponding to the square groove in volume are arranged, and the length of the wrapping and scraping area and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and scraping area and the gate can be adjusted by filling one part of the chocks in the square groove and filling the other part of the square groove with the loose particles.
The device for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped and scraped is characterized in that the support is a stand column with adjustable height, and the included angle between the circulating chute and the horizontal plane is controlled by adjusting the height of the support.
The device for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped, shoveled and scraped is characterized in that the soil pressure sensor is externally connected with a collecting and testing system.
The device for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped and scraped is preferably provided with a high-speed digital camera.
The method for measuring the impact force generated by wrapping and scraping loose particles comprises the following specific steps of:
step one: leveling a test site, placing a bracket on the test site, fixing a circulating chute on the bracket, and forming a certain angle between the circulating chute and a horizontal plane by adjusting the height of the bracket;
step two: loose particles are placed between the gate and the flow chute, and loose particles or plugs are filled in the wrapping and clamping scraping area so as to adjust the length of the wrapping and clamping scraping area and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and clamping scraping area and the gate;
step three: rapidly pulling out the gate, enabling loose particles to slide down along the flow chute, generating a clamping scraping effect when the loose particles pass through the clamping scraping area, continuing to move after passing through the clamping scraping area, impacting the rigid baffle, and finally generating accumulation at the position of the rigid baffle;
step four: in the process of impact of loose particles on the rigid baffle, the acting force of impact of the loose particles on the rigid baffle is measured through a soil pressure sensor and a collecting and testing system;
step five: measuring the final mass of loose particles by adopting weighing equipment, and making a difference between the final mass and the initial mass of the loose particles to obtain the wrapping and scraping mass of the wrapping and scraping area;
step six: the scraping process of the loose particles is obtained under different control conditions by changing the included angle between the circulating chute and the horizontal plane or the height of the initial loose particles, and the influence of the scraping process on the acting force of the loose particles on the rigid baffle plate is obtained.
The method for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped and scraped is characterized in that the high-speed digital camera can record the process and the form of the loose particles wrapped and scraped and the impact rigid baffle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the included angle between the circulating chute and the horizontal ground can be regulated by regulating the height of the support, loose particles or chocks can be filled in the reserved square groove, and the length of the wrapping and scraping area and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and scraping area and the gate can be controlled, so that the test of the loose particles moving along the circulating chute under different control conditions can be realized, and the change process of acting force in the process of the loose particles impacting the rigid baffle can be obtained by virtue of the soil pressure sensor arranged on the rigid baffle, so that the defect of the existing study on the loose particle impact blocking structure with the wrapping and scraping characteristics can be overcome. The invention has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, flexible design and accurate test; the acting force of the impact blocking structure after the loose particles are wrapped and scraped by the test can be deeply researched, so that the acting mechanism of the impact blocking structure after the loose particles are wrapped and scraped by the test can be further researched, and theoretical and test basis is provided for the design of the blocking structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for measuring impact force generated by loose particles after being scraped by a scraper;
in the figure: 1-support, 2-flow chute, 3-gate, 4-loose particles, 5-pinch scraping area, 6-high-speed digital camera, 7-rigid baffle, 8-soil pressure sensor, 9-collection and test system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the device for measuring impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped and scraped comprises a bracket 1, a flow chute 2, a gate 3, a wrapped and scraped area 5, a rigid baffle 7 and a soil pressure sensor 8, wherein the flow chute 2 is composed of two side plates and a bottom plate, the flow chute 2 is arranged on the bracket 1, and an included angle is formed between the flow chute 2 and a horizontal plane; the gate 3 is arranged at the upstream of the flow chute 2, the rigid baffle 7 is arranged at the downstream end of the flow chute 2, and the rigid baffle 7 is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow chute 2; a plurality of soil pressure sensors 8 are arranged at intervals along the central line of the rigid baffle 7 in the vertical direction; the downstream bottom plate of the circulating chute 2 is provided with a rectangular hole, the wrapping and clamping scraping area 5 is provided with seven side-by-side square grooves, and the wrapping and clamping scraping area 5 is arranged below the rectangular hole; seven chocks with the volume equivalent to that of the square groove are arranged, the chocks are made of organic glass, and the length of the wrapping and scraping area 5 and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and scraping area 5 and the gate 3 can be adjusted by filling one part of the chocks in the square groove and filling loose particles in the other part of the square groove; the support 1 is a stand column with adjustable height, and the included angle between the circulating chute 2 and the horizontal plane is controlled by adjusting the height of the support 1; the soil pressure sensor 8 is externally connected with a collection and test system 9; a high-speed digital camera 6 is arranged outside the flow chute 2.
The method for measuring the impact force generated by the loose particles after being wrapped and scraped by the shovel by using the device comprises the following specific steps:
step one: leveling a test site, placing the bracket 1 on the test site, fixing the circulating chute 2 on the bracket 1, and forming a certain angle between the circulating chute 2 and a horizontal plane by adjusting the height of the bracket 1;
step two: loose particles 4 are placed between the gate 3 and the flow chute 2, and loose particles or plugs are filled in the pinch scraping area 5 so as to adjust the length of the pinch scraping area 5 and the distance between the upstream boundary of the pinch scraping area 5 and the gate 3;
step three: rapidly pulling out the gate 3, sliding down the loose particles 4 along the flow chute 2, generating a clamping scraping effect when passing through the clamping scraping area 5, continuing to move after passing through the clamping scraping area 5, impacting the rigid baffle 7, and finally generating accumulation at the position of the rigid baffle 7;
step four: in the process of impact of loose particles on the rigid baffle 7, the acting force of impact of the loose particles on the rigid baffle 8 is measured through the soil pressure sensor 8 and the acquisition and test system 9; the high-speed digital camera 6 can record the process and the form of the loose particles wrapped by the shovel scraper and impacting the rigid baffle 7;
step five: measuring the final mass of loose particles by adopting weighing equipment, and making a difference with the initial mass of the loose particles to obtain the wrapping and scraping mass of the wrapping and scraping area 5;
step six: by changing the angle between the flow chute 2 and the horizontal plane or the height of the initial loose particles 4, the process of scraping the loose particles in a pinching manner under different control conditions and the influence of the force of the loose particles on the rigid baffle 7 are obtained.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are intended to be covered by the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The device for measuring impact force generated by wrapping and scraping loose particles is characterized by comprising a bracket, a circulating chute, a gate, a wrapping and scraping area, a rigid baffle and a soil pressure sensor, wherein the circulating chute consists of two side plates and a bottom plate, the circulating chute is arranged on the bracket, and an included angle is formed between the circulating chute and a horizontal plane; the gate is arranged at the upstream of the flow chute, the rigid baffle is arranged at the downstream end of the flow chute, and the rigid baffle is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the flow chute; a plurality of soil pressure sensors are arranged at intervals along the central line of the rigid baffle in the vertical direction; the bottom plate at the downstream of the flow chute is provided with a rectangular hole, the wrapping and scraping area is a plurality of side-by-side square grooves, and the wrapping and scraping area is arranged below the rectangular hole; a plurality of chocks with the volume equivalent to that of the square groove are arranged, and by filling one part of the square groove with the chocks and the other part of the square groove with loose particles, the length of the wrapping and scraping area and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and scraping area and the gate can be adjusted; the support is a stand column with adjustable height, and the included angle between the circulating chute and the horizontal plane is controlled by adjusting the height of the support.
2. The apparatus for measuring impact force generated by the loose particles after being scraped by a shovel according to claim 1, wherein the soil pressure sensor is externally connected with a collecting and testing system.
3. The apparatus for measuring impact force generated by the scraping of loose particles as recited in claim 1, further comprising a high-speed digital camera.
4. A method for determining the impact force of loose particles after being scraped by a scraper, characterized in that the device for determining the impact force of loose particles after being scraped by a scraper according to any one of claims 1-3 comprises the following steps:
step one: leveling a test site, placing a bracket on the test site, fixing a circulating chute on the bracket, and forming a certain angle between the circulating chute and a horizontal plane by adjusting the height of the bracket;
step two: loose particles are placed between the gate and the flow chute, and loose particles or plugs are filled in the wrapping and clamping scraping area so as to adjust the length of the wrapping and clamping scraping area and the distance between the upstream boundary of the wrapping and clamping scraping area and the gate;
step three: rapidly pulling out the gate, enabling loose particles to slide down along the flow chute, generating a clamping scraping effect when the loose particles pass through the clamping scraping area, continuing to move after passing through the clamping scraping area, impacting the rigid baffle, and finally generating accumulation at the position of the rigid baffle;
step four: in the process of impact of loose particles on the rigid baffle, the acting force of impact of the loose particles on the rigid baffle is measured through a soil pressure sensor and a collecting and testing system;
step five: measuring the final mass of loose particles by adopting weighing equipment, and making a difference between the final mass and the initial mass of the loose particles to obtain the wrapping and scraping mass of the wrapping and scraping area;
step six: the scraping process of the loose particles is obtained under different control conditions by changing the included angle between the circulating chute and the horizontal plane or the height of the initial loose particles, and the influence of the scraping process on the acting force of the loose particles on the rigid baffle plate is obtained.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the high-speed digital camera is capable of recording the process and morphology of the loose particles pinching and scraping and impacting the rigid barrier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811245941.6A CN109060301B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Device and method for measuring impact force generated by wrapping, pinching and scraping of loose particles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811245941.6A CN109060301B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Device and method for measuring impact force generated by wrapping, pinching and scraping of loose particles |
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| CN109060301A CN109060301A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109060301B true CN109060301B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| CN105527405A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-27 | 西南石油大学 | Physical simulation test device and method for convergence of debris flows into rivers |
| CN106124739A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2016-11-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of multifunctional high speed remotely comes down dynamic process physical model test device |
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| CN208736652U (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-04-12 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of measurement discrete particles generate the device of the impact force after sweeping along shovel to scrape |
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2018
- 2018-10-25 CN CN201811245941.6A patent/CN109060301B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN106124739A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2016-11-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of multifunctional high speed remotely comes down dynamic process physical model test device |
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