CN109058037B - Variable pitch control system of ocean energy generator set - Google Patents

Variable pitch control system of ocean energy generator set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109058037B
CN109058037B CN201810867800.1A CN201810867800A CN109058037B CN 109058037 B CN109058037 B CN 109058037B CN 201810867800 A CN201810867800 A CN 201810867800A CN 109058037 B CN109058037 B CN 109058037B
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China
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terminal
pitch control
plc system
variable pitch
generator set
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CN109058037A (en
Inventor
唐江丰
马红星
孟权昌
吕占鹏
孙东旭
王振威
吕峰
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Gu'an Huadian Tianren Control Equipment Co ltd
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Gu'an Huadian Tianren Control Equipment Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00Controlling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/30Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/328Blade pitch angle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/60Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/602Control system actuates through electrical actuators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a variable pitch control system of an ocean energy generator set, which comprises at least two variable pitch control axle boxes connected in parallel, wherein a PLC (programmable logic controller) system and a servo driver are arranged in each variable pitch control axle box, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a proximity switch, a limit switch, a pressure sensor, a two-position knob switch and a three-position self-resetting knob switch are arranged outside each variable pitch control axle box. One normally closed contact in one limit switch, one normally open contact in two-position knob switch and the normally open contact of one relay controlled by the PLC system are connected in parallel and then connected to an enabling input terminal of the servo driver to serve as a driving enabling signal of the servo driver. The variable pitch control system of the ocean energy generator set can realize the variable pitch action of the blades in a large range, and can effectively reduce the maintenance probability of the variable pitch control system of the ocean energy generator set rising out of the water surface, thereby reducing the maintenance time and increasing the utilization rate of ocean energy.

Description

Variable pitch control system of ocean energy generator set
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean energy power generation, and particularly relates to a variable pitch control system of a horizontal shaft ocean energy generator set.
Background
Ocean energy resources are one of renewable clean energy sources, and are abundant near coastal islands in China. The related research of the horizontal axis ocean energy power generation starts late, the power generation power of the generator set is also small, and the horizontal axis ocean energy power generation system is a fixed pitch system. With the gradual development of small blades to large blades along with the increase of installed capacity of the ocean energy generator set, the fixed pitch system is difficult to meet the control requirement of the ocean energy generator set.
The variable pitch system of the ocean energy generator set is a servo driving system arranged in a hub of the ocean energy generator set, and the angular distance of blades is changed by receiving a position command of the main control of the generator set, so that the purpose of better capturing ocean current kinetic energy by an impeller is achieved. The ocean energy generator set normally runs under water, and the horizontal shaft ocean energy generator set cannot yaw. Due to the particularity of the sealing device, if the non-resettable fault occurs, the sealing device needs to be lifted out of the water surface to disassemble the sealing cover for maintenance, and the sealing device can be used for sealing the end cover after maintenance is finished and then can be used for draining again.
At present, the space of a hub of an ocean energy generating set is small, a pitch control mechanism applied to a horizontal shaft ocean energy generating set only has a hydraulic pitch control system, namely a hydraulic motor is used as a driving mechanism, an executing mechanism comprises a plurality of gears, gear shafts, worms and the like, the mechanical transmission structure is complex, the problems that ① hydraulic oil pipelines are easy to leak, ② cannot be maintained remotely, and the ③ hydraulic system has high requirements on the environment temperature due to the influence of the viscosity-temperature characteristic of the hydraulic oil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the electric variable pitch control system of the ocean energy generator set, which has the advantages of high reliability, small size and the like, and the variable pitch control system can be reset by remotely disconnecting the driver due to the action of the limit switch.
The variable pitch control system of the ocean energy generator set comprises at least two variable pitch control axle boxes which are connected in parallel, a PLC system and a servo driver are installed in each variable pitch control axle box, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor is installed outside each variable pitch control axle box. And a proximity switch, a limit switch, a pressure sensor, a two-position knob switch and a three-position self-resetting knob switch are further arranged outside each variable pitch control axle box. The proximity switch is configured to transmit a signal to the PLC system that a blade position reaches the proximity switch and to verify the blade position. The limit switch is configured to transmit a signal to the PLC system that a blade position reaches the limit switch, and is used to limit the blade reaching position. The pressure sensor is configured to detect a hub leak condition and transmit a detected leak pressure signal to the PLC system. And the two-position knob switch is configured to form and transmit a signal for manually changing the pitch of the pitch control axle box to the PLC system. The three-position self-reset knob switch is configured to form and transmit a paddle forward rotation control signal and a paddle reverse rotation control signal to the PLC system.
Preferably, at least two proximity switches, at least two limit switches, at least one pressure sensor, one two-position knob switch and one three-position self-resetting knob switch are mounted outside each pitch control axle box.
Preferably, the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, and an output terminal of each of the proximity switches is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system to serve as a signal for verifying a position of a paddle.
Preferably, the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, each of the limit switches has at least one normally open contact and at least one normally closed contact, and one of the at least one normally open contact is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and serves as a signal that the position of the paddle reaches the limit switch.
Preferably, the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, the two-position knob switch includes at least two normally open contacts, and one of the two normally open contacts is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and serves as a signal for the pitch control axle box to perform manual pitch control.
Preferably, the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, one of the normally open contacts of the three-position self-resetting knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system to serve as the blade forward rotation control signal, and the other of the normally open contacts of the three-position self-resetting knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system to serve as the blade reverse rotation control signal.
Preferably, the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, and an output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the AI terminal of the PLC system so as to transmit the leakage pressure signal to the PLC system.
Preferably, the servo driver comprises an enable input terminal connectable to a drive enable loop. Two limit switches are mounted outside each variable pitch control axle box, one of the two limit switches is located at the position from 91 degrees to 95 degrees of the hub blade flange of the ocean energy generator set, the other of the two limit switches is located at the position from 271 degrees to 275 degrees of the hub blade flange of the ocean energy generator set, and each limit switch comprises at least one normally open contact and at least one normally closed contact. The two-position knob switch comprises at least two normally open contacts, and one of the two normally open contacts in the two-position knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and used as a signal for manually pitching the pitch control axle box. One of the at least one normally closed contact of one limit switch and the other of the two normally open contacts of the two-position knob switch are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of one relay controlled by the PLC system and then connected to the enabling input terminal of the servo driver to form a driving enabling loop which is used as a driving enabling signal of the servo driver.
Preferably, the PLC system is provided with an ethernet interface and a CANopen interface, the ethernet interface is configured to be connected to the ethernet of the marine energy generator set, and the CANopen interface is configured to be connected to the main control device of the marine energy generator set.
Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous machine comprises a brake for limiting the position of the fixed blade and at least one resolver for registering the position of the blade.
Preferably, two proximity switches are mounted outside each variable pitch control axle box, one of the two proximity switches is located at a position of 5-20 degrees of the flange of the hub blade of the marine energy generator set, and the other of the two proximity switches is located at a position of 185-200 degrees of the flange of the hub blade of the marine energy generator set.
By utilizing the variable pitch control system provided by the invention, the control program can be upgraded under the condition that the variable pitch control system does not rise out of the water surface, the remote maintenance such as fault diagnosis and reset of the variable pitch control system is realized, and a large amount of workload and fault downtime of a unit which rises out of the water surface are avoided.
In addition, the variable pitch control system can realize the large-range variable pitch actions of 0-90 degrees, 90-180 degrees and 180-270 degrees in an automatic mode, so that the unit can generate power when the tide rises and falls. In addition, the range action of the blade from 0 degree to 360 degrees can be realized in a remote debugging mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pitch control system of an ocean power generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving enabling control principle of the variable pitch control system in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The variable pitch control system can be used for carrying out variable pitch control on the ocean energy generator set with a plurality of blades. Fig. 1 shows a pitch control system capable of pitch control of a marine energy generator set having three blades, comprising three parallel pitch control axleboxes A, B, C, which are controlled independently of each other for pitch operation. The variable pitch control system can be connected to a main control device of the ocean power generator set through the slip ring 1, receives an instruction from the main control device through a CANopen communication mode and executes corresponding variable pitch operation according to the instruction. In another aspect, the pitch control system can also be connected to the ethernet of the marine power generator set through the slip ring 1, and an upper computer (such as a personal computer and the like) is connected to the pitch system in the ethernet and communicates through a TCP manner, thereby performing a remote maintenance function.
The respective inner spaces of the pitch control axle boxes A, B, C are provided with a PLC system 5 and a servo drive 6 (see fig. 2). The permanent magnet synchronous motor 3, the proximity switches 41 and 43, the limit switches 42 and 44, the pressure sensor 40, the two-position knob switch 21 and the three-position self-resetting knob switch 22 are respectively arranged outside the pitch control axle box A, B, C. Although fig. 1 shows two proximity switches and two limit switches, the proximity switches and the limit switches are not limited to two in practice and may be more than two.
As shown in fig. 2, the PLC system 5 includes several DI terminals, DO terminals, and AI terminals. The servo driver 6 comprises an enable input terminal, indicated as En in fig. 2, connected to a drive enable loop, the closure of which is a necessary condition for the servo driver to drive the output.
Preferably, one of the proximity switches 41 and 43 is installed at a position of 5-20 degrees of a hub blade flange of the ocean power generator set, the other proximity switch is installed at a position of 185-200 degrees of the hub blade flange, output terminals of the proximity switches are respectively connected to a DI terminal of the PLC system 5, signals of blade positions reaching the proximity switches 41 or 43 are formed and transmitted to the PLC system 5, and the signals are used for verifying blade position accuracy.
Limit switches 42 and 44 each include at least one normally open contact and at least one normally closed contact. As the preferred scheme, one of limit switches 42 and 44 is installed at the position of 91-95 degrees of a hub blade flange and is used as a safe stop position for the failure of a rotary transformer when the rotary transformer operates at 0-90 degrees. One normally open contact of the limit switch 42 or 44 mounted at the 91-95 ° position of the hub blade flange is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system 5 as a signal that the blade reaches the limit switch mounting position.
Preferably, the other of the limit switches 42 and 44 is installed at the position 271-275 degrees of the flange of the hub blade and is used as a safe stop position for the failure of the rotary transformer when the rotary transformer operates at 180-270 degrees. One normally open contact of the other of limit switches 42 and 44 is connected to the DI terminal of PLC system 5 as a signal that the paddle reaches the limit switch mounting position; one of the normally closed contacts is connected to an enable input terminal of the servo driver to form a drive enable loop, and the loop is used as a drive enable signal of the servo driver.
The two-position rotary switch 21 has two status positions, such as may be labeled a and M, respectively, where a represents automatic and M represents manual. The three-position self-reset knob switch 22 has three state positions of F, 0 and B, the state is 0 position in a normal state, a paddle forward rotation control signal is formed when the three-position self-reset knob switch rotates to F, and the knob automatically resets to 0 after being loosened; when the rotating shaft rotates to B, a paddle reversal control signal is formed, and the knob automatically resets to 0 after being loosened.
Preferably, the two-position knob switch 21 includes at least two normally open contacts, and one of the at least two normally open contacts is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system 5 and is used as a signal for manually pitching the pitch control axle box. The other of the at least two normally open contacts is connected in parallel to the normally closed contact of the limit switch 44 or 42 connected to the enable input terminal of the servo driver, and then connected to the enable input terminal of the servo driver after being connected in parallel to form a drive enable loop, and the drive enable loop is used as a drive enable signal of the servo driver.
Preferably, the two normally open contacts of the three-position self-resetting knob switch 22 are an F-position normally open contact and a B-position normally open contact, respectively, and when the two normally open contacts are connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system 5, their action states are used as a blade forward rotation control signal and a blade reverse rotation control signal, respectively.
Preferably, the pressure sensor 40 is mounted on the blade bearing, and its output terminal is connected to the AI terminal of the PLC system 5. The pressure sensor 40 is used for detecting a hub leakage condition and transmitting a hub leakage detection signal to the PLC system 5.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor 3 is connected with the blade bearing so as to control the blade angle. Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous machine 3 comprises a brake and at least one resolver. The brake is used as a braking device of the motor, and when the paddle runs to a certain position, the brake acts to limit and fix the position of the paddle. A resolver is used to record the blade position.
Preferably, a normally open contact of a relay 71 (see fig. 2) controlled by the PLC system 5 is connected in parallel to a normally closed contact of the limit switch 44 or 42 connected to the enable input terminal of the servo driver, and is connected to the enable input terminal of the servo driver after being connected in parallel to form a drive enable loop, which is used as a drive enable signal of the servo driver.
After blade position data are lost due to failures of a rotary transformer in a variable pitch system of the ocean energy generator set, the blade can be driven to rotate to a large-angle position until the blade collides with a limit switch, and then the blade stops. As a further protection for the variable pitch system, a normally closed contact in one limit switch is connected in series in a drive enabling loop of the servo driver, the limit action can disconnect the enabling of the servo driver, the bottom layer program of the driver controls the blade to stop the blade from being continuously driven and rotated, and the blade angle is stopped at a safe position.
After the fault is reset, the normal close contact of the limit switch is bypassed in a DO output control mode after the fault is remotely debugged by a debugging tool, so that an enabling loop of the servo driver is closed, the limit action state is withdrawn, and the paddle is driven to return to the running position.
Preferably, the PLC system 5 is provided with an ethernet interface and a CANopen interface. The Ethernet interface is used as a debugging/maintaining interface of the variable pitch control system and can be connected to the Ethernet of the ocean energy generator set. The CANopen interface is used as an operation control interface and can be connected to a main control device of the ocean energy generator set.
Compared with the prior art, the variable-pitch control system has the advantages of high integration level, compact structure, small volume, better safety and stability and the like. Moreover, the variable pitch control system can be remotely subjected to operations such as control program upgrading, fault diagnosis and fault resetting. The variable pitch control system can realize three quadrant actions of 0-270 degrees in an automatic mode and four quadrant actions of 0-360 degrees in a remote debugging mode, so that the operation safety of the system can be guaranteed and the 360-degree variable pitch action of the blades can be realized.
The foregoing detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the present invention for the purpose of facilitating a better understanding of the concepts of the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make simple modifications, equivalent changes or modifications to the present invention using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Such modifications, equivalents and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A variable pitch control system of an ocean energy generator set comprises at least two variable pitch control axle boxes which are connected in parallel, wherein a PLC system and a servo driver are installed inside each variable pitch control axle box, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor is installed outside each variable pitch control axle box; the method is characterized in that: two proximity switches, two limit switches, a pressure sensor, a two-position knob switch and a three-position self-resetting knob switch are also arranged outside each variable pitch control axle box,
the proximity switch is configured to transmit a signal of a blade position reaching the proximity switch to the PLC system and is used for verifying the blade position, one of the two proximity switches is located at a position of 5-20 degrees of the hub blade flange of the ocean energy generator set, the other of the two proximity switches is located at a position of 185-200 degrees of the hub blade flange of the ocean energy generator set,
the limit switches are configured to transmit a signal of a blade position reaching the limit switches to the PLC system and are used for limiting the blade reaching position, one of the two limit switches is located at the position from 91 degrees to 95 degrees of the hub blade flange of the marine energy generator set, the other of the two limit switches is located at the position from 271 degrees to 275 degrees of the hub blade flange of the marine energy generator set, each limit switch comprises at least one normally-open contact and at least one normally-closed contact,
the pressure sensor is configured to detect a hub leak condition and transmit a detected leak pressure signal to the PLC system,
the two-position knob switch is configured to form and transmit a signal for manually pitching the pitch control axle box to the PLC system,
the three-position self-reset knob switch is configured to form and transmit a paddle forward rotation control signal and a paddle reverse rotation control signal to the PLC system.
2. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, and an output terminal of each of the proximity switches is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system for use as a signal for verifying a position of a paddle.
3. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system comprises a DI terminal, a DO terminal and an AI terminal, one normally open contact of one of the two limit switches is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and used as a signal for the position of the paddle to reach the limit switch.
4. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system comprises a DI terminal, a DO terminal and an AI terminal, the two-position knob switch comprises at least two normally-open contacts, and one of the two normally-open contacts is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and serves as a signal for manually pitching the pitch control axle box.
5. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, one of the normally open contacts of the three-position self-resetting knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system for use as the blade forward rotation control signal, and the other normally open contact of the three-position self-resetting knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system for use as the blade reverse rotation control signal.
6. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system includes a DI terminal, a DO terminal, and an AI terminal, and an output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the AI terminal of the PLC system so as to transmit the leakage pressure signal to the PLC system.
7. A pitch control system according to any of claims 2-6, wherein: the servo driver comprises an enable input terminal connectable to a drive enable loop,
the two-position knob switch comprises at least two normally open contacts, one of the two normally open contacts in the two-position knob switch is connected to the DI terminal of the PLC system and used as a signal of the variable pitch control axle box for carrying out manual variable pitch,
one of the at least one normally closed contact of one limit switch and the other of the two normally open contacts of the two-position knob switch are connected in parallel with the normally open contact of one relay controlled by the PLC system and then connected to the enabling input terminal of the servo driver to form a driving enabling loop which is used as a driving enabling signal of the servo driver.
8. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the PLC system is provided with an Ethernet interface and a CANopen interface, the Ethernet interface is configured to be connected with the Ethernet of the ocean energy generator set, and the CANopen interface is configured to be connected with the main control device of the ocean energy generator set.
9. The pitch control system of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a brake and at least one rotary transformer, wherein the brake is used for limiting the position of the fixed blade, and the rotary transformer is used for recording the position of the blade.
CN201810867800.1A 2018-08-02 2018-08-02 Variable pitch control system of ocean energy generator set Active CN109058037B (en)

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CN113833602B (en) * 2021-09-26 2024-03-15 重庆华昭电气设备有限公司 Manual operation module of variable pitch control system and control method thereof

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GB560522A (en) * 1941-12-09 1944-04-06 United Aircraft Corp Improvements in or relating to propeller control means
CN202417819U (en) * 2012-01-12 2012-09-05 上海致远绿色能源有限公司 Control system of permanent magnetic variable-pitch wind generating set
CN104454325A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-03-25 国电联合动力技术有限公司 Variable pitch method for tidal current energy generating set
CN107939599B (en) * 2017-11-15 2020-03-24 固安华电天仁控制设备有限公司 Variable-pitch control system capable of being maintained remotely
CN208996866U (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-06-18 固安华电天仁控制设备有限公司 A kind of pitch control device of power generation with marine energy unit

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