CN109057766A - Liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device - Google Patents
Liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109057766A CN109057766A CN201811213632.0A CN201811213632A CN109057766A CN 109057766 A CN109057766 A CN 109057766A CN 201811213632 A CN201811213632 A CN 201811213632A CN 109057766 A CN109057766 A CN 109057766A
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- liquid nitrogen
- stratum
- pressure
- fracturing
- rupture
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 402
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010010149 Complicated fracture Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/255—Methods for stimulating production including the injection of a gaseous medium as treatment fluid into the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device provided by the invention, method includes: liquid nitrogen to be injected into fracturing string, and apply first pressure to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure；Wherein, fracturing string is arranged in pit shaft；It after stratum occurs to rupture for the first time, closes pit shaft and carries out stewing well, ruptured so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum can gasify and stratum is made to occur second；It is provided with pressure sensor on fracturing string, is injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string, and during applying first pressure to liquid nitrogen, passes through the first current pressure that pressure sensor obtains liquid nitrogen；When bust occurs for the first current pressure, show that stratum occurs to rupture for the first time.The application embodiment provides a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device that can improve effect of increasing production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to unconventional petroleum resources fracturing technique field more particularly to a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device.
Background technique
During pressure break refers to oil recovery or gas production, using the effect of fracturing fluid, so that stratum ruptures, to generate
The method in crack.
Usually used is hydraulic fracturing technology in the prior art.But fracturing fluid used in hydraulic fracturing technology is
Water, so the hydraulic fracturing technology needs a large amount of water resource, and a large amount of chemicals contained in the fracturing fluid of hydraulic fracturing
Matter meeting polluted underground water resource, it is also possible to which reservoir is polluted.And liquid nitrogen, i.e. liquid nitrogen are due to its colorless and odorless and temperature
Spend extremely low, chemical property is stablized, and face AIR Proportional 78% is taken up an area, and preparation is convenient, very environmentally friendly, so can be with using liquid nitrogen pressure break
The waste for reducing water resource, is effectively reduced hydration swelling and leak-off problem, protects reservoir not contaminated.But it is in the prior art
Liquid nitrogen fracturing technique is only merely to have not been used and construct on site in laboratory test.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application embodiment provides a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process and device that can improve effect of increasing production.
Following technical proposal can be used to realize in above-mentioned purpose of the invention: a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process, comprising: to pressure break
Liquid nitrogen is injected in tubing string, and first pressure is applied to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can be under the action of the first pressure
Stratum is set to occur to rupture for the first time；Wherein, the fracturing string is arranged in pit shaft；When the stratum occurs to rupture for the first time
Afterwards, it closes the pit shaft and carries out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and occur that the stratum second
Rupture.
As a preferred embodiment, inject liquid nitrogen into fracturing string in step, and the is applied to the liquid nitrogen
One pressure, so that the liquid nitrogen can make stratum occur to rupture for the first time under the action of the first pressure；Wherein, the pressure break
Before tubing string is arranged in pit shaft, further includes: pressure testing is carried out to wellhead equipment, with test the wellhead equipment whether gas leakage；When
When the wellhead equipment is air tight, the wellhead equipment is attached with fracturing unit truck, wherein the fracturing unit truck is used for described
The liquid nitrogen is injected in fracturing string and applies first pressure to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can be in the first pressure
Under the action of make the stratum occur to rupture for the first time.
As a preferred embodiment, carrying out pressure testing to the wellhead equipment by cryogenic high pressure nitrogen.
As a preferred embodiment, passing through the annular described in packer sealing between pit shaft and the fracturing string
Space, to close the pit shaft.
As a preferred embodiment, the first pressure is not less than the first scheduled value.
As a preferred embodiment, be provided with pressure sensor on the fracturing string, to the pressure break pipe
The injection liquid nitrogen in column, and during applying the first pressure to the liquid nitrogen, it is obtained by the pressure sensor
First current pressure of the liquid nitrogen；When bust occurs for first current pressure, it is broken for the first time to show that the stratum occurs
It splits.
As a preferred embodiment, the pit shaft is closed after the stratum occurs to rupture for the first time, so that
In the step of liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and the stratum is made to occur to rupture for second, pass through the pressure sensing
Device monitors the second current pressure of gas in the stratum, when second current pressure is less than the second scheduled value, to institute
It states and injects liquid nitrogen in fracturing string.
As a preferred embodiment, closing the pit shaft after stratum occurs to rupture for the first time in step
Stewing well is carried out, so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and occur that the stratum second after rupturing, further includes:
Load fluid is injected into the stratum by the fracturing string；Collect the nitrogen in the stratum.
A kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing device comprising: the first pressure break module, the first pressure break module are used for into fracturing string
Liquid nitrogen is injected, and first pressure is applied to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can make stratum under the action of the first pressure
Occur to rupture for the first time；Wherein, the fracturing string is arranged in pit shaft；Second pressure break module, the second pressure break module are used
Stewing well is carried out in after the stratum occurs to rupture for the first time, closing the pit shaft, so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can occur
Gasify and the stratum is made to occur second and ruptures.
As a preferred embodiment, further include: pressure testing module, the pressure testing module are used to carry out wellhead equipment
Pressure testing, with test the wellhead equipment whether gas leakage；Link block, the link block are used for when the wellhead equipment is air tight
When, the wellhead equipment is attached with fracturing unit truck, wherein the fracturing unit truck is used for into the fracturing string described in injection
Liquid nitrogen and to the liquid nitrogen apply first pressure so that the liquid nitrogen can make the stratum under the action of first pressure
Occur to rupture for the first time.
As a preferred embodiment, further include: injection module, the injection module is for passing through the pressure break pipe
Column injects load fluid into the stratum；Collection module, the collection module are used to collect the nitrogen in the stratum.
Liquid nitrogen fracturing process provided by the present application and device beneficial effect are: the liquid nitrogen fracturing process of the application embodiment
After stratum occurs to rupture for the first time, closes pit shaft and carry out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum can gasify and send out stratum
Raw second of rupture.Stewing well is carried out after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time.So as to extend rupture institute's shape for the first time
At micro-crack and hole, effective communication for the first time rupture is formed by crack split so that the formation in stratum is more complicated
Network is stitched, therefore effect of increasing production can be improved.Therefore, the application embodiment provides a kind of liquid nitrogen pressure that can improve effect of increasing production
Cracking method and device.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the liquid nitrogen pressure break that one embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the second man-made fracture in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the liquid nitrogen fracturing process that one embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the module map for the liquid nitrogen fracturing device that one embodiment of the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 3.The liquid nitrogen fracturing process that a kind of embodiment of the application provides, may include: step
S11: liquid nitrogen is injected into fracturing string 11, and first pressure is applied to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen can be under the action of first pressure
Stratum 17 is set to occur to rupture for the first time；Wherein, fracturing string 11 is arranged in pit shaft 15；Step S13: when stratum 17 occurs first
It after secondary rupture, closes pit shaft 15 and carries out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify and occur that stratum 17 second
Rupture.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions: the liquid nitrogen fracturing process of the application embodiment is first by applying liquid nitrogen
First pressure, so that liquid nitrogen makes stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure.Then occur the on stratum 17
It after primary rupture, closes pit shaft 15 and carries out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify and stratum 17 is made to occur second
Secondary rupture carries out stewing well after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time.Second of rupture that stratum 17 occurs can extend
Rupture for the first time is formed by micro-crack and hole, and rupture is formed by crack for the first time for effective communication, so that in stratum 17
More complicated fracture network is formed, therefore effect of increasing production can be improved.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, step S11: injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11, and applying to liquid nitrogen
First pressure, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure；Wherein, fracturing string 11 is worn
In pit shaft 15.Specifically, perforation is carried out to the fracturing string 11 of corresponding fracturing section first.Then start more fracturing unit trucks
13, with by each fracturing unit truck 13 into fracturing string 11 fluid injection nitrogen.And through each fracturing unit truck 13 into fracturing string 11
Liquid nitrogen applies first pressure, so as to suppress high pressure in shaft bottom under the action of the liquid nitrogen energy first pressure in fracturing string 11, works as liquid
When the pressure of nitrogen is higher than the fracture pressure on stratum 17, interior liquid nitrogen is flowed into stratum 17 by perforation on fracturing string 11, makes ground
Layer 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, to form the first man-made fracture 19.Preferably, first pressure is not less than the first scheduled value,
Gasify in fracturing string 11 to avoid liquid nitrogen.The first scheduled value can refer to liquid nitrogen keep liquid when it is required most
Small pressure.On the other hand, since the temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 DEG C, and the pressure temperature in stratum 17 is generally 80 DEG C, so needing
Cooling device is set outside the corresponding fracturing section of fracturing string 11, so as to the environment of low temperature is kept in fracturing string 11, thus
Avoid the gasification of liquid nitrogen.The cooling device can use existing construction, not provide to this application.
Further, in step S11: injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11, and apply first pressure to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid
Nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure；Wherein, fracturing string 11 is arranged in pit shaft 15 it
Before, further includes:
Step S101: to wellhead equipment carry out pressure testing, with shaft mouth test equipment whether gas leakage.The wellhead equipment includes but not
It is limited to ground high pressure line, well head, thread and oily nonyl.Preferably, wellhead equipment is carried out by cryogenic high pressure nitrogen
Pressure testing.After avoiding passing through other media progress pressure testings, to wellhead equipment progress, fluid injection nitrogen can there is a situation where reveal.
Step S103: when wellhead equipment is air tight, wellhead equipment and fracturing unit truck 13 are attached.The connection type can
To be that threaded connection, screw are connected, are bolted, weld, are integrally formed.To pass through well head when the liquid nitrogen in fracturing unit truck 13
When equipment is flowed into fracturing string 11, the liquid nitrogen in the wellhead equipment will not be revealed.Wherein, fracturing unit truck 13 is used for pressure break
Liquid nitrogen is injected in tubing string 11 and applies pressure to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time.That is, working as well head
After equipment is connect with fracturing unit truck 13, fracturing unit truck 13 can be started and inject liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11.And by fracturing unit truck 13 to
Liquid nitrogen applies pressure.
Further, it is provided with pressure sensor on fracturing string 11, liquid nitrogen is being injected into fracturing string 11, and to liquid
During nitrogen applies first pressure, the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen is obtained by pressure sensor；When the first current pressure is sent out
When raw bust, show that stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time.When the moment that stratum 17 ruptures, liquid nitrogen is flowed into stratum 17, from
And make the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen that bust occur.Therefore stratum can be known by the variation of the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen
Whether 17 occur to rupture for the first time.
In the present embodiment, step S13: after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, closing pit shaft 15 and carry out stewing well, with
So that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 is gasified and makes stratum 17 that second of rupture occur.Wherein, pit shaft 15 is closed, that is, is carried out bored
Well.Since the temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 DEG C, and the temperature in stratum 17 is generally 80 DEG C, so after closing pit shaft 15, stratum
Liquid nitrogen heat absorption in 17 is gasified, and is expanded, and the nitrogen that this is expanded forms high pressure in stratum 17, to make stratum
17 second of the rupture occurred, and then the second man-made fracture 21 is formed, as shown in Figure 2.That is, the second of the generation of stratum 17
Secondary rupture is realized under the action of the pressure of nitrogen.Therefore increase after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time in the application
One stewing well stage, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify, so that the nitrogen after gasifying can be on stratum
High pressure is formed in 17, is ruptured so that stratum 17 be made to occur second.And should rupture for second can extend rupture institute's shape for the first time
At micro-crack and hole, effective communication for the first time rupture is formed by crack so that the formation in stratum 17 is more complicated
Fracture network.To improve effect of increasing production.
In one embodiment, by the annular space between packer sealing pit shaft 15 and fracturing string 11, to close
Close pit shaft 15.Since after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, fracturing string 11 is connected with fracturing unit truck 13, so only needing close
The annular space sealed between fracturing string 11 and pit shaft 15 closes pit shaft 15.Further, the time for closing pit shaft 15 can be with
It is determined according to specific production practices, such as can be 1 week or so.The time of certain closing pit shaft 15 is without being limited thereto,
This application is not provided.
Preferably, after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, pit shaft 15 is closed, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can occur
It is current by second of gas in pressure sensor monitoring stratum 17 in the step of gasifying and stratum 17 is made to occur to rupture for second
Pressure injects liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11 when the second current pressure is less than the second scheduled value.The second scheduled value can
To be the pressure for enabling stratum 17 that the gas that second ruptures occurs.Since after closing pit shaft 15, nitrogen has been extruded more
Behind bigger crack, nitrogen can be flowed into crack, so that air pressure reduces.So in order to improve the effect of second of rupture
Fruit injects liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11 when the second current pressure is less than the second scheduled value, so that liquid nitrogen gasification is over the ground
It is pressurized inside layer 17.
In one embodiment, it in step after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, closes pit shaft 15 and carries out stewing well, with
So that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 is gasified and occur that stratum 17 second after rupturing, further includes: passes through fracturing string 11
Load fluid is injected into stratum 17；Collect the nitrogen in stratum 17.The load fluid prevents crack for carrying the proppant into crack
Closure.Nitrogen collection can carry out secondary use, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen is improved, with save the cost.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of embodiment of the application also provides a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing device comprising: the first pressure break mould
Block 20, the first pressure break module 20 applies first pressure for injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11, and to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen energy
Stratum 17 is set to occur to rupture for the first time at the first pressure；Wherein, fracturing string 11 is arranged in pit shaft 15；Second pressure break module
30, the second pressure break module 30 is used to pit shaft 15 is closed, so that the liquid nitrogen energy in stratum 17 after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time
Occur to gasify and stratum 17 is made to occur second to rupture.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions: the liquid nitrogen fracturing process of the application embodiment is first by applying liquid nitrogen
First pressure, so that liquid nitrogen makes stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure.Then occur the on stratum 17
After primary rupture, pit shaft 15 is closed, is ruptured so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify and stratum 17 is made to occur second.Ground
Second of rupture that layer 17 occurs can extend rupture for the first time and be formed by micro-crack and hole, and effective communication is broken for the first time
It splits and is formed by crack, so that the more complicated fracture network of the formation in stratum 17.Therefore effect of increasing production can be improved.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first pressure break module 20 is used to inject liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11, and
First pressure is applied to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure；Wherein, it presses
Tubing string 11 is split to be arranged in pit shaft 15.Specifically, perforation is carried out to the fracturing string 11 of corresponding fracturing section first.Then start more
Platform fracturing unit truck 13, with by each fracturing unit truck 13 into fracturing string 11 fluid injection nitrogen.And by each fracturing unit truck 13 to pressure break pipe
Liquid nitrogen in column 11 applies first pressure, so as to suppress height in shaft bottom under the action of the liquid nitrogen energy first pressure in fracturing string 11
Pressure, when the pressure of liquid nitrogen is higher than the fracture pressure on stratum 17, interior liquid nitrogen passes through perforation inflow stratum 17 on fracturing string 11
It is interior, make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time, to form the first man-made fracture 19.Preferably, first pressure is pre- not less than first
Fixed value gasifies in fracturing string 11 to avoid liquid nitrogen.When the first scheduled value can refer to that liquid nitrogen keeps liquid
Required minimum pressure.On the other hand, since the temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 DEG C, and the pressure temperature in stratum 17 is generally 80 DEG C,
So needing that cooling device is arranged outside the corresponding fracturing section of fracturing string 11, so as to keep the ring of low temperature in fracturing string 11
Border, to avoid the gasification of liquid nitrogen.The cooling device can use existing construction, not provide to this application.
Further, in the first pressure break module 20, liquid nitrogen is injected into fracturing string 11, and the first pressure is applied to liquid nitrogen
Power, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur to rupture for the first time under the action of first pressure；Wherein, fracturing string 11 is arranged in well
Before in cylinder 15, further includes:
Pressure testing module, the pressure testing module be used for wellhead equipment carry out pressure testing, with shaft mouth test equipment whether gas leakage.The well
Jaws equipment includes but is not limited to ground high pressure line, well head, thread and oily nonyl.Preferably, pass through cryogenic high pressure nitrogen
Pressure testing is carried out to wellhead equipment.After avoiding passing through other media progress pressure testings, the meeting of fluid injection nitrogen is carried out to the wellhead equipment
There is a situation where reveal.
Link block, the link block are used for when wellhead equipment is air tight, wellhead equipment and fracturing unit truck 13 are connected
It connects.The connection type can be threaded connection, screw is connected, is bolted, welds, is integrally formed.To work as fracturing unit truck 13
When interior liquid nitrogen is flowed into fracturing string 11 by wellhead equipment, the liquid nitrogen in the wellhead equipment will not be revealed.Wherein, it presses
Vehicle 13 is split for injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11 and applying pressure to liquid nitrogen, so that liquid nitrogen can make stratum 17 occur first
Secondary rupture.That is, can start fracturing unit truck 13 after wellhead equipment is connect with fracturing unit truck 13 and inject liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11.
And pressure is applied to liquid nitrogen by fracturing unit truck 13.
Further, it is provided with pressure sensor on fracturing string 11, liquid nitrogen is being injected into fracturing string 11, and to liquid
During nitrogen applies first pressure, the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen is obtained by pressure sensor；When the first current pressure is sent out
When raw bust, show that stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time.When the moment that stratum 17 ruptures, liquid nitrogen is flowed into stratum 17, from
And make the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen that bust occur.Therefore stratum can be known by the variation of the first current pressure of liquid nitrogen
Whether 17 occur to rupture for the first time.
In the present embodiment, the second pressure break module 30 is used to close pit shaft 15 after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time,
It is ruptured so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify and stratum 17 is made to occur second.Wherein, pit shaft 15 is closed, that is, is carried out bored
Well.Since the temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 DEG C, and the pressure temperature in stratum 17 is generally 80 DEG C, so after closing pit shaft 15, ground
Liquid nitrogen heat absorption in layer 17 is gasified, and is expanded, and the nitrogen that this is expanded forms high pressure in stratum 17, to make ground
Second of rupture that layer 17 occurs, and then form the second man-made fracture 21.That is, second of rupture that stratum 17 occurs is
It is realized under the action of the pressure of nitrogen.Therefore in the application after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, increase one it is bored
The well stage, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can gasify, so that the nitrogen after gasifying can be formed in stratum 17
High pressure ruptures so that stratum 17 be made to occur second.And it should rupture for second extend to rupture for the first time and be formed by fine fisssure
Line and hole, rupture is formed by crack for the first time for effective communication, so that the more complicated fracture network of the formation in stratum 17.
To improve effect of increasing production.
In one embodiment, by the annular space between packer sealing pit shaft 15 and fracturing string 11, to close
Close pit shaft 15.Since after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, fracturing string 11 is connected with fracturing unit truck 13, so only needing close
The annular space sealed between fracturing string 11 and pit shaft 15 closes pit shaft 15.Further, the time for closing pit shaft 15 can be with
It is determined according to specific production practices, such as can be 1 week or so.The time of certain closing pit shaft 15 is without being limited thereto,
This application is not provided.
Preferably, after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, pit shaft 15 is closed, so that the liquid nitrogen in stratum 17 can occur
Gasify and occurs that stratum 17 in the module of second of rupture, it is current by second of gas in pressure sensor monitoring stratum 17
Pressure injects liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11 when the second current pressure is less than the second scheduled value.The second scheduled value can
To be the pressure for enabling stratum 17 that the gas that second ruptures occurs.Since after closing pit shaft 15, nitrogen has been extruded more
Behind bigger crack, nitrogen can be flowed into crack, so that air pressure reduces.So in order to improve the effect of second of rupture
Fruit injects liquid nitrogen into fracturing string 11 when the second current pressure is less than the second scheduled value, so that liquid nitrogen gasification is over the ground
It is pressurized inside layer 17.
In one embodiment, after stratum 17 occurs to rupture for the first time, pit shaft 15 is closed, so that in stratum 17
After liquid nitrogen can gasify and make stratum 17 that the module that second ruptures occur, further includes: injection module, the injection module are used
Load fluid is injected into stratum 17 in passing through fracturing string 11.Collection module, the collection module are used to collect the nitrogen in stratum 17
Gas.The load fluid prevents crack closure for carrying the proppant into crack.Nitrogen collection can carry out secondary use, to mention
The utilization rate of high nitrogen, with save the cost.
The above is only several embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can be right according to application documents disclosure
The embodiment of the present invention carries out various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing process characterized by comprising
Liquid nitrogen is injected into fracturing string, and first pressure is applied to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can be in first pressure
Stratum is set to occur to rupture for the first time under the action of power；Wherein, the fracturing string is arranged in pit shaft；
After the stratum occurs to rupture for the first time, closes the pit shaft and carry out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can be sent out
Angerization simultaneously makes the stratum that second of rupture occur.
2. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that liquid nitrogen is injected into fracturing string in step,
And first pressure is applied to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can be such that stratum occurs for the first time under the action of the first pressure
Rupture；Wherein, before the fracturing string is arranged in pit shaft, further includes:
To wellhead equipment carry out pressure testing, with test the wellhead equipment whether gas leakage；
When the wellhead equipment is air tight, the wellhead equipment is attached with fracturing unit truck, wherein the fracturing unit truck is used for
The liquid nitrogen is injected into the fracturing string and applies first pressure to the liquid nitrogen, so that the liquid nitrogen can be described the
The stratum is set to occur to rupture for the first time under the action of one pressure.
3. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: set by cryogenic high pressure nitrogen to the well head
It is standby to carry out pressure testing.
4. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by pit shaft described in packer sealing with it is described
Annular space between fracturing string, to close the pit shaft.
5. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first pressure is scheduled not less than first
Value.
6. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with pressure sensing on the fracturing string
Device is injecting the liquid nitrogen into the fracturing string, and during applying the first pressure to the liquid nitrogen, passes through institute
State the first current pressure that pressure sensor obtains the liquid nitrogen；When bust occurs for first current pressure, show described
Stratum occurs to rupture for the first time.
7. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: occur to rupture for the first time when the stratum
Afterwards, the pit shaft is closed, so that the step that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and make the stratum that second of rupture occur
In rapid, by the second current pressure of gas in stratum described in the pressure sensor monitoring, when second current pressure is small
When the second scheduled value, liquid nitrogen is injected into the fracturing string.
8. liquid nitrogen fracturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step when the stratum occurs to break for the first time
It after splitting, closes the pit shaft and carries out stewing well, so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and the stratum is made to occur second
After secondary rupture, further includes:
Load fluid is injected into the stratum by the fracturing string；
Collect the nitrogen in the stratum.
9. a kind of liquid nitrogen fracturing device, characterized in that it comprises:
First pressure break module, the first pressure break module apply for injecting liquid nitrogen into fracturing string, and to the liquid nitrogen
One pressure, so that the liquid nitrogen can make stratum occur to rupture for the first time under the action of the first pressure；Wherein, the pressure break
Tubing string is arranged in pit shaft；
Second pressure break module, the second pressure break module are used to close the pit shaft after stratum occurs to rupture for the first time
Stewing well is carried out, is ruptured so that the liquid nitrogen in the stratum can gasify and the stratum is made to occur second.
10. liquid nitrogen fracturing device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include:
Pressure testing module, the pressure testing module be used for wellhead equipment carry out pressure testing, with test the wellhead equipment whether gas leakage；
Link block, the link block are used for when the wellhead equipment is air tight, by the wellhead equipment and fracturing unit truck into
Row connection, wherein the fracturing unit truck is for injecting the liquid nitrogen into the fracturing string and applying first to the liquid nitrogen
Pressure, so that the liquid nitrogen can make the stratum occur to rupture for the first time under the action of the first pressure.
11. liquid nitrogen fracturing device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include:
Injection module, the injection module are used to inject load fluid into the stratum by the fracturing string；
Collection module, the collection module are used to collect the nitrogen in the stratum.
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