CN109055770A - A kind of electroslag remelting slag and it is used for electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method - Google Patents
A kind of electroslag remelting slag and it is used for electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109055770A CN109055770A CN201811161191.4A CN201811161191A CN109055770A CN 109055770 A CN109055770 A CN 109055770A CN 201811161191 A CN201811161191 A CN 201811161191A CN 109055770 A CN109055770 A CN 109055770A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electroslag remelting slag and it is used for electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method, each component of the used slag system of electroslag remelting to be by weight percentage are as follows: Al2O320~30%, SiO25~8%, MgO 3~5%, surplus CaF2；The basicity of the electroslag remelting slag is 0.7~0.9.And slag charge, electrode and argon gas all by being dried, greatly reduced the source of hydrogen in Electroslag Process.Need to be uniformly added into aluminium powder in esr process, the addition speed of aluminium powder is 1.5~3g/min.Low hydrogen control method of the invention, dehydrogenation (-nization) excellent, easy to operate, low energy consumption, at low cost.Hydrogen content is down to 3ppm in the molten 40CrNiMoA alloy of the weight of preparation, and surface is without white point, and this method is easily controllable, cost is relatively low.And it is excellent in performances such as intensity, toughness, wearability and corrosion resistances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrometallurgy technical fields, in particular to a kind of electroslag remelting slag and are used for electroslag remelting
40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method.
Background technique
Electric slag refusion metallurgy technology, obtain high quality steel ingot be purify metals under the abundant reaction condition of steel and slag, and
In solidification and crystallization in water mold under the Thermal protection of high-temperature slag.Since surface of steel ingot has slag crust, not only obtain bright and clean good
Good ingot surface, and slag crust heating conduction difference promotes the axial crystallization of steel ingot, reduces the hair of radial solidification crystalline structure
Exhibition.And it can get dense structure, segregation, the uniform steel ingot of ingredient.However, in esr process, but for hydrogen situation
On the contrary, cannot not only be effectively removed, but also the phenomenon that there is hydrogenations.Since in esr process, hydrogen in ingot casting
Increase influenced by atmosphere-slag interface.In the boundary layer formed on atmosphere-slag interface, in atmosphere vapor with
Oxonium ion in slag, which reacts the OH to be formed, decides the variation of hydrogen in steel by the diffusion in boundary layer.And hydrogen is in clinker and liquid gold
Distribution in category lies substantially in equilibrium state, this be mainly electrode melting formed droplet surface area it is very big, can be with furnace
Slag fully contacts, therefore hydrogen lies substantially in equilibrium state between the two.The source of hydrogen can conclude in Electroslag Process
Are as follows: 1) hydrogen content in electrode blank；2) moisture absorbed in slag；3) moisture in atmosphere；4) electrode and the cold surface of crystallizer
The moisture of upper condensation.In esr process, the increase of hydrogen is influenced by atmosphere-slag interface in ingot casting.In atmosphere-furnace
In the boundary layer formed on slag interface, vapor reacts diffusion of the OH to be formed by boundary layer with the oxonium ion in slag in atmosphere
Decide the variation of hydrogen in steel.
It is well known that hydrogen has very big harm in steel, it is serious to affect the strong of steel when wherein hydrogen content increases
The mechanical properties such as degree, plasticity.In addition, the defects of also will cause its wearability, corrosion resistance etc. greatly and reducing and generate white point.
Seriously affect the performance of steel.Therefore, the control of hydrogen is significant in esr process.
Steel market competition, user are also more and more to product requirement low-gas content, the low content that is mingled with, right
The smelting level of steel billet proposes higher requirement.If 40CrNiMoA is typical Cr-Ni system quenched and tempered steel, have intensity high, comprehensive
The good advantage of mechanical property is closed, is usually used in manufacture and absorbs impact and the important part of cyclic loading.Some enterprises are with the steel
When making aero-turbine axis, the 40CrNiMoA of conventional electroslag remelting technique preparation because hydrogen content it is higher cause to generate it is white
The defects of point, the performance of steel seriously affecting, industry generally takes ingot annealing to expand hydrogen processing at present, and hydrogen diffusion effect is limited,
Or electroslag remelting is protected using vacuum electroslag remelting, it is at high cost to limit its application although this method can reduce hydrogen content.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention solves the control problem of hydrogen in esr process, provides one kind
Electroslag remelting slag and it to be used for electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method, and this method is easily controllable, cost is relatively low.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions: a kind of electroslag remelting slag, including
Following components in percentage by weight: Al2O320~30%, SiO25~8%, MgO 3~5%, surplus CaF2；The electroslag
The basicity of remelting slag system is 0.7~0.9.
A kind of electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method, includes the following steps:
1) above-mentioned electro slag remelting slag is lain at 150~300 DEG C and is toasted 4~8 hours, toast 3 at 800~900 DEG C
~5h；
2) using 40CrNiMoA alloy as consutrode, after assembling electroslag refining furnace, to the knot of the electroslag refining furnace
The baked electro slag remelting slag of step 1) is added in brilliant device, adjusts 60~65V of voltage, 11000~12000A of electric current, it is lazy in drying
Property gas (argon gas) protect under to the consutrode carry out electroslag remelting, the remelting time be 40~50min, reflow process is at the uniform velocity
It is uniformly added into aluminium powder.
Further, the addition speed of the aluminium powder is 1.5~3g/min.
Further, the consutrode needs to remove in the folding on its surface, slag inclusion and iron rust before use clean, then by its
Light is sanded in surface, then 150~200 DEG C baking 3~4 hours under weak oxide atmosphere.
Further, the ingot shape of the 40CrNiMoA is 390~Φ of Φ 400mm, and the quantity of slag is controlled in 120~130kg/ furnace.
Further, the inert gas is argon gas, and the ventilatory capacity of the argon gas is 8~10L/min.
Action principle of the invention: in esr process, hydrogen is transmitted in metal in two steps by slag:
Be first vapor on slag bath by following reaction with hydroxide ion OH-Form dissolution with slag in:
H20Vapour+O2- Slag=2OH-
Followed by OH-And then it reacts to form hydrogen and oxygen enters metal with the Fe in steel:
2OH- Slag+Fe2+ Slag=FeMetal+2OMetal+2HMetal
Therefore, the slag big to hydrogen solubility is strong to the gas permeability of hydrogen.From above formula it is found that in clinker the solubility of hydrogen and
Hydrogen increases from clinker to the excessive increase with the activity or concentration of oxonium ion in slag of metal.O in slag2-The activity of ion is with slag
The increase of basicity and increase, so basicity it is higher slag it is bigger to the gas permeability of hydrogen, conversely, acid slag, the solubility of hydrogen are small, thoroughly
Gas is small.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, electroslag remelting slag of the present invention is faintly acid slag system (0.7~0.9), the under this condition dissolution of hydrogen
Spend small, gas permeability is small, can greatly reduce the content of hydrogen in remelting steel, further, avoids inhaling using containing CaO etc. containing relatively strong
The remelting slag of aqueous component, and slag charge, electrode and argon gas greatly reduced hydrogen in Electroslag Process all by being dried
Source.The hydrogen content in remelting steel can be reduced without strict control furnace gas humidity by realizing.
2, remelting slag reasonable composition of the present invention, manufacturing process is simple, which stablizes in use process slag system, remelting chemistry
Stable components, ingot casting surface is smooth, and energy conservation and consumption reduction effects are good.
3, in the low hydrogen control method of electroslag remelting of the present invention, it is not necessarily to strict control furnace gas humidity, the molten steel of weight is without moving back
Fire expands hydrogen and handles hydrogen content down to 3ppm, therefore the present invention has easy to operate, stablizes easily-controllable, low energy consumption, at low cost and dehydrogenation (-nization)
The advantages of excellent.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.CaF used in following examples2Chemical component
Weight percent are as follows: CaF2>=98%, SiO2≤ 1.2%, FeO≤0.4%, MnO≤0.2%, H2O≤0.01%, Pb≤
0.001%, P≤0.03% and inevitable impurity.
One, electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method
Embodiment 1
1) electroslag remelting slag is prepared, each component is CaF by weight270 parts, Al2O320 parts, SiO26 parts, MgO
4 parts, the basicity B=0.84 of the slag system, weight 130kg；
2) slag system described in step 1) is toasted 4 hours at 200 DEG C, 4h is toasted at 800 DEG C, taking-up makes immediately
With；
3) selecting 40CrNiMoA electrode billet is ∮ 400mm, and the removings such as the folding on electrode billet surface, slag inclusion, iron rust are clean,
Light is sanded in surface, and electrode billet is placed at 200 DEG C of weak oxide atmosphere and is toasted 3 hours；The weak oxide atmosphere includes
CO、CO2And O2Mixed gas, the CO and CO2Total concentration be 30%, the O2Concentration be 5%.
It 4) is that step is added in ∮ 600mm crystallizer to the average diameter of the electroslag refining furnace after assembling electroslag refining furnace
Rapid 2) baked electro slag remelting slag, adjusts voltage 63V, electric current 12000A, carries out under dry argon gas protection to the electrode
Electroslag remelting, the ventilatory capacity of argon gas are 8L/min, and the remelting time is 40min, and reflow process adds aluminium powder with the speed of 2g/min.
Embodiment 2
1) electroslag remelting slag is prepared, each component is CaF by weight270 parts, Al2O320 parts, SiO26 parts,
MgO4 parts, the basicity B=0.84 of the slag system, weight 130kg；
2) slag system described in step 1) is toasted 4 hours at 200 DEG C, 3h is toasted at 800 DEG C, taking-up makes immediately
With；
3) selecting 40CrNiMoA electrode billet is ∮ 400mm, and the removings such as the folding on electrode billet surface, slag inclusion, iron rust are clean,
Light is sanded in surface, and electrode billet is placed at 200 DEG C of weak oxide atmosphere and is toasted 3 hours；The weak oxide atmosphere includes
CO、CO2And O2Mixed gas, the CO and CO2Total concentration be 35%, the O2Concentration be 8%.
It 4) is that step is added in ∮ 600mm crystallizer to the average diameter of the electroslag refining furnace after assembling electroslag refining furnace
Rapid 2) baked electro slag remelting slag, adjusts voltage 63V, electric current 12000A, carries out under dry argon gas protection to the electrode
Electroslag remelting, the ventilatory capacity of argon gas are 8L/min, and the remelting time is 40min, and reflow process adds aluminium powder with the speed of 2g/min.
Embodiment 3
1) electroslag remelting slag is prepared, each component is CaF by weight260 parts, Al2O330 parts, SiO25 parts,
MgO5 parts, the basicity B=0.9 of the slag system, weight 130kg；
2) slag system described in step 1) is toasted 4 hours at 240 DEG C, 3h is toasted at 900 DEG C, taking-up makes immediately
With；
3) selecting 40CrNiMoA electrode billet is ∮ 400mm, and the removings such as the folding on electrode billet surface, slag inclusion, iron rust are clean,
Light is sanded in surface, and electrode billet is placed at 200 DEG C of weak oxide atmosphere and is toasted 3 hours；The weak oxide atmosphere includes
CO、CO2And O2Mixed gas, the CO and CO2Total concentration be 40%, the O2Concentration be 8%.
It 4) is that step is added in ∮ 600mm crystallizer to the average diameter of the electroslag refining furnace after assembling electroslag refining furnace
Rapid 2) baked electro slag remelting slag, adjusts voltage 63V, electric current 12000A, carries out under dry argon gas protection to the electrode
Electroslag remelting, the ventilatory capacity of argon gas are 8L/min, and the remelting time is 40min, and reflow process adds aluminium powder with the speed of 2g/min.
Two, performance detection
Detect hydrogen content of the consutrode in Examples 1 to 3 before and after remelting.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 40CrNiMoA alloy is after electroslag remelting, hydrogen content is substantially reduced, and can be down to
3ppm, surface is without white point, and this method is easily controllable, cost is relatively low.Further make the molten steel of weight in intensity, toughness, wearability and resistance to
Corrosivity also has apparent enhancing.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limitation with the present invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electroslag remelting slag, which is characterized in that including following components in percentage by weight: Al2O320~30%, SiO2
5~8%, MgO 3~5%, surplus CaF2；The basicity of the electroslag remelting slag is 0.7~0.9.
2. a kind of electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method, which comprises the steps of:
1) electro slag remelting slag described in claim 1 is lain at 150~300 DEG C and is toasted 4~8 hours, at 800~900 DEG C
Toast 3~5h；
2) using 40CrNiMoA alloy as consutrode, after assembling electroslag refining furnace, to the crystallizer of the electroslag refining furnace
It is middle that the baked electro slag remelting slag of step 1) is added, 60~65V of voltage, 11000~12000A of electric current are adjusted, in dry inertia
Electroslag remelting is carried out to the consutrode under the protection of gas, the remelting time is 40~50min, and reflow process at the uniform velocity uniformly adds
Enter aluminium powder.
3. electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the aluminium powder adds
Entering speed is 1.5~3g/min.
4. electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the consutrode
It needs to remove the folding on its surface, slag inclusion and iron rust completely before use, then light is sanded in its surface, then in weak oxide
It is toasted 3~4 hours for 150~200 DEG C under atmosphere.
5. electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the weak oxide
Atmosphere includes CO, CO2And O2Mixed gas, the CO and CO2Total concentration be 30~40%, the O2Concentration be less than
10%.
6. electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the 40CrNiMoA
Ingot shape be 390~Φ of Φ 400mm, the quantity of slag control in 120~130kg/ furnace.
7. electroslag remelting 40CrNiMoA low hydrogen control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the inert gas
For argon gas, the ventilatory capacity of the argon gas is 8~10L/min.
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Cited By (3)
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| JPWO2020218237A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 | ||
| CN112226625A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Quaternary slag system for electroslag remelting steel production and application thereof |
| CN114635042A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-17 | 青海西钢特殊钢科技开发有限公司 | High-sulfur steel electroslag remelting slag and application |
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| CN112226625A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Quaternary slag system for electroslag remelting steel production and application thereof |
| CN114635042A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-17 | 青海西钢特殊钢科技开发有限公司 | High-sulfur steel electroslag remelting slag and application |
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