CN109053262B - Preparation process device and method proportioning of compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation process device and method proportioning of compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109053262B CN109053262B CN201811127714.3A CN201811127714A CN109053262B CN 109053262 B CN109053262 B CN 109053262B CN 201811127714 A CN201811127714 A CN 201811127714A CN 109053262 B CN109053262 B CN 109053262B
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process device of a compound fertilizer, which comprises a fecal biogas fermentation unit, a dewatering cylinder, a compound fertilizer preparation cylinder and a material receiving tower, wherein the fecal biogas fermentation unit is provided with a plurality of excrement collecting tanks; the solid manure residue discharge end of the manure methane fermentation unit is connected with the feed hopper of the dewatering cylinder, the discharge end of the dewatering cylinder is correspondingly connected with the mixed fertilizer feed pipe of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder, the side part of the mixed fertilizer feed pipe is also in bypass connection with a fertilizer lead-in pipe, and the upper end of the fertilizer lead-in pipe is also provided with a fertilizer feed hopper; the discharge end of the compound fertilizer preparation cylinder is correspondingly arranged right above the receiving tower; the invention has simple structure, the marsh gas generated by fermenting the organic fertilizer is directly used as the fuel of the dehydration process, and the energy of the marsh gas is fully utilized; the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are mixed and then applied, so that the fertilizing times can be reduced, and the advantages are complemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of compound fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation process device and a method proportioning of a compound fertilizer.
Background
The organic fertilizer provides comprehensive nutrition for crops, has long fertilizer efficiency, but the fertility is not as strong as that of a chemical fertilizer, and the elements in the chemical fertilizer are single, so that the fertilizing times can be reduced and the advantages are complementary if the fertilizer is mixed and applied; the organic fertilizer can generate methane during fermentation, and the methane can be just used as fuel for dehydrating the organic fertilizer, so that the prior art cannot adopt a good implementation scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation process device and a method proportion of a compound fertilizer prepared by mixing organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the preparation process device of the compound fertilizer comprises a fecal biogas fermentation unit, a dehydration cylinder, a compound fertilizer preparation cylinder and a material receiving tower;
the solid manure residue discharge end of the manure methane fermentation unit is connected with the feed hopper of the dewatering cylinder, the discharge end of the dewatering cylinder is correspondingly connected with the mixed fertilizer feed pipe of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder, the side part of the mixed fertilizer feed pipe is also in bypass connection with a fertilizer lead-in pipe, and the upper end of the fertilizer lead-in pipe is also provided with a fertilizer feed hopper; the discharge end of the compound fertilizer preparation cylinder corresponds to the position right above the receiving tower.
Further, the lower side of the outer wall of the dewatering cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper side of the outer wall of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder through a structural column; the excrement biogas fermentation device is characterized by further comprising a biogas storage unit, wherein the biogas discharge end of the excrement biogas fermentation unit is connected with the biogas storage unit through a gas guide pipe.
Furthermore, a mixing stirring shaft is arranged in the barrel of the compound fertilizer preparation barrel coaxially and rotatably, a stirring mixing channel is formed between the mixing stirring shaft and the compound fertilizer preparation barrel, and a plurality of stirring piles are uniformly distributed in the middle of the mixing stirring shaft in a divergent circumferential array; a first propulsion auger blade is spirally arranged on the right side shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft, and a second propulsion auger blade is spirally arranged on the left side shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft; the left end of the mixing stirring shaft is provided with a discharge hole, and the lower end of the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe is communicated with the upper side of the right end of the stirring mixing channel; the right end of the mixing stirring shaft is connected with a first belt transmission wheel; the belt motor is fixedly installed and is in driving connection with the first belt transmission wheel through a belt transmission unit.
Furthermore, the dewatering cylinder is of a structure of a cross-column shell; a transmission dehydration inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the dehydration cylinder, a flue gas heat exchange channel is formed between the transmission dehydration inner cylinder and the dehydration cylinder,
the left end of the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder is a coaxial pointed conical shell-shaped drainage heat exchange head, a combustion cavity is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head and the left end wall of the dewatering cylinder, and the inner wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head is also provided with a plurality of circles of radiating fins coaxially;
the combustion cavity is communicated with the left end of the flue gas heat exchange channel, and a tail gas delivery pipe is vertically connected to the upper side of the right end of the flue gas heat exchange channel; a flame burner is arranged at the left end of the dewatering cylinder, and a flame spraying pipe of the flame burner coaxially extends into the combustion chamber;
the biogas storage device is characterized by further comprising an air distribution unit and a constant-pressure air feeder, wherein an air outlet of the constant-pressure air feeder is communicated with a combustion air inlet end of the air distribution unit through a combustion air supply pipe, a gas outlet end of the biogas storage unit is communicated with a gas inlet end of the air distribution unit through a gas supply pipe, a gas outlet end of the air distribution unit is communicated with a gas inlet end of the flame burner through a gas outlet pipe, and a combustion air outlet end of the air distribution unit is communicated with a combustion air inlet end of the flame burner through a combustion air outlet pipe.
Further, the upper side of the left end in the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder is also vertically communicated and connected with a feeding pipe, the upper end of the feeding pipe is also connected with a feeding funnel, a first discharging device is further arranged on the feeding pipe, the lower side of the right end of the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder is vertically communicated and connected with a discharging pipe, a conveying belt is arranged below the discharging pipe, and a second discharging device is arranged on the discharging pipe; a water vapor discharge pipe is also vertically arranged on the upper side of the right end of the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder, the water vapor discharge pipe and the tail gas delivery pipe are coaxially arranged, and a tail gas discharge channel is formed between the tail gas delivery pipe and the water vapor discharge pipe;
a conveying blade shaft is arranged in the barrel of the dewatering barrel coaxially in a pericardium manner, a conveying dewatering channel is formed between the inner wall of the dewatering barrel and the outer wall of the conveying blade shaft, the right end of the conveying blade shaft penetrates through the right end wall body of the dewatering barrel in a rotating manner, and an air supply channel is arranged in the conveying blade shaft in a penetrating manner coaxially; spiral transmission blades are spirally arranged on the shaft wall of the transmission blade shaft positioned in the dewatering cylinder barrel; the left end of the conveying blade shaft is provided with a conical shell-shaped air outlet head, an air preheating cavity is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the air outlet head and the inner wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed and hollowed in the shell of the air outlet head, and the air preheating cavity is communicated with the air supply channel through each air outlet hole; the air preheating cavity is communicated with the left end of the transmission dehydration channel;
the air outlet cylinder of the supercharging blower is rotatably sleeved at the right end of the conveying blade shaft; the air blown out from the air outlet cylinder enters an air supply channel and is blown into the air preheating cavity through a plurality of air outlet holes;
the outer wall of the conveying blade shaft is also coaxially and synchronously provided with a second belt driving wheel; the belt motor is also in transmission connection with the second belt transmission wheel through a belt transmission unit.
Further, a preparation process method and a proportion of the compound fertilizer are as follows:
in the organic fertilizer dehydration process, a belt motor is started to drive a transmission blade shaft and a mixing stirring shaft to synchronously and continuously rotate, meanwhile, solid manure organic fertilizer discharged by a manure methane fermentation unit is continuously discharged into a transmission dehydration channel in a transmission dehydration inner barrel through a feeding pipe, the organic fertilizer in the transmission dehydration channel continuously rolls under the stirring of a spiral transmission blade and slowly pushes towards a discharging pipe, meanwhile, a flame burner is started, a flame spraying pipe sprays fire to a combustion cavity, a drainage heat exchange head positioned in the combustion cavity is directly heated, the drainage heat exchange head is in a continuous high-temperature state, a continuous heat conduction effect is formed in an air preheating cavity, meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion cavity enters a flue gas heat exchange channel under the drainage effect of the drainage heat exchange head and is finally discharged through a tail gas discharge pipe, the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder is uniformly heated in the process that high-temperature flue gas passes through the flue gas heat exchange channel, so that organic fertilizer in the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder is continuously and uniformly heated, and dehydration and evaporation of the organic fertilizer are promoted; meanwhile, a booster blower is started, and then air pressure blown out of an air outlet cylinder enters an air supply channel and is blown into the air preheating cavity through a plurality of air outlet holes, so that the booster air in the air preheating cavity flows to a water vapor discharge pipe along a transmission dehydration channel, and the process that the booster air in the air preheating cavity flows out of the water vapor discharge pipe through the transmission dehydration channel is used for taking away water vapor generated by heating, rolling and dehydrating in the transmission dehydration channel in an accelerating way, so that the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel is promoted; meanwhile, the air in the air preheating cavity is also subjected to the heat conduction effect of the drainage heat exchange head, so that the air in the conical cavity has a certain preheating effect, and the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel is further increased;
continuously feeding the gradually dehydrated organic fertilizer in the transmission dehydration channel into a mixed fertilizer feeding pipe through a discharging pipe, simultaneously continuously feeding the chemical fertilizer into a chemical fertilizer feeding hopper according to the proportion, further guiding the chemical fertilizer into the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe through a chemical fertilizer introducing pipe, feeding the dehydrated organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer into a stirring mixing channel, gradually stirring and propelling the mixture of the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer entering the stirring mixing channel to the positions of a plurality of stirring piles under the action of a first propelling auger blade, uniformly stirring the mixture, discharging the stirred mixed fertilizer into a material receiving tower from a discharging port under the propelling action of a second propelling auger blade, and finishing the preparation process of the mixed fertilizer;
the fertilizer is a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the weight proportion of the dried organic fertilizer in the mixed compound fertilizer fed into the stirring and mixing channel 307 is 70-75%, and the weight proportion of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 25-30%.
Has the advantages that: the invention has simple structure, the marsh gas generated by fermenting the organic fertilizer is directly used as the fuel of the dehydration process, and the energy of the marsh gas is fully utilized; the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are mixed and then applied, so that the fertilizing times can be reduced, and the advantages are complementary; the drainage heat transfer head is in and lasts the high temperature state, and then preheats the intracavity to the air and forms and last heat-conduction effect, and meanwhile the high temperature flue gas that produces in the burning chamber gets into the flue gas heat transfer passageway under the drainage effect of drainage heat transfer head in to finally discharge through the tail gas contact tube, carry out even heat at the in-process of high temperature flue gas through flue gas heat transfer passageway to conveying dehydration inner tube, and then advance to last even heating to its inside fertilizer of conveying dehydration inner tube, promote the dehydration evaporation of its fertilizer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the scheme;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a combined structure of an organic fertilizer dewatering drum and a compound fertilizer preparation drum;
FIG. 3 is a first cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a second cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 4 at 211;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial break at the outlet end of the shaft of the transport blade;
FIG. 7 is an overall schematic view of a gas distribution unit;
FIG. 8 is a first cross-sectional view of the gas distribution unit;
fig. 9 is a second cross-sectional view of the air distribution unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The preparation process device for compound fertilizer shown in the attached fig. 1 to 9 comprises a fecal biogas fermentation unit 316, a dewatering cylinder 107, a compound fertilizer preparation cylinder 302 and a material receiving tower 314;
a solid manure residue discharge end 317 of the manure methane fermentation unit 316 is connected with the feed hopper 206 of the dewatering cylinder 107, a discharge end of the dewatering cylinder 107 is correspondingly connected with the mixed fertilizer feed pipe 304 of the compound fertilizer preparation cylinder 302, a fertilizer introduction pipe 303 is further connected to the side of the mixed fertilizer feed pipe 304 in a bypass manner, and a fertilizer feed hopper 305 is further arranged at the upper end of the fertilizer introduction pipe 303; the discharge end of the compound fertilizer preparation barrel 302 is correspondingly arranged right above the receiving tower 314.
The lower side of the outer wall of the dewatering cylinder 107 is fixedly connected with the upper side of the outer wall of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder 302 through a structural column 301; the excrement biogas fermentation system further comprises a biogas storage unit 123, and a biogas discharge end of the excrement biogas fermentation unit 316 is connected with the biogas storage unit 123 through a gas guide pipe 315.
A mixing stirring shaft 308 is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the compound fertilizer preparation barrel 302, a stirring mixing channel 307 is formed between the mixing stirring shaft 308 and the compound fertilizer preparation barrel 302, and a plurality of stirring piles 310 are uniformly distributed in a divergent circumferential array in the middle of the mixing stirring shaft 308; a first propelling auger blade 309 is spirally arranged on the right shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft 308, and a second propelling auger blade 311 is spirally arranged on the left shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft 308; the left end of the mixing stirring shaft 308 is provided with a discharge hole 312, and the lower end of the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe 304 is communicated with the upper side of the right end of the stirring mixing channel 307; the right end of the mixing stirring shaft 308 is connected with a first belt transmission wheel 313; the belt conveyor further comprises a fixedly arranged belt motor 130, and the belt motor 130 is in driving connection with the first belt transmission wheel 313 through a belt transmission unit.
The dewatering cylinder 107 is a structure of a cross-column shell; a conveying dehydration inner cylinder 145 is coaxially arranged in the dehydration cylinder 107, a flue gas heat exchange channel 141 is formed between the conveying dehydration inner cylinder 145 and the dehydration cylinder 107,
the left end of the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder 145 is a coaxial pointed conical shell-shaped drainage heat exchange head 138, a combustion chamber 137 is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head 138 and the left end wall of the dewatering cylinder 107, and the inner wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head 138 is also provided with a plurality of rings of radiating fins 213 coaxially;
the combustion cavity 137 is communicated with the left end of the flue gas heat exchange channel 141, and the upper side of the right end of the flue gas heat exchange channel 141 is vertically connected with a tail gas delivery pipe 124; a flame burner 204 is installed at the left end of the dewatering cylinder 107, and a flame spraying pipe 208 of the flame burner 204 coaxially extends into the combustion chamber 137;
the constant-pressure air distribution unit comprises an air distribution unit 0125 and a constant-pressure air feeder 1126, wherein the air outlet of the constant-pressure air feeder 1126 is communicated with the combustion air inlet end of the air distribution unit 0125 through a combustion air supply pipe 51, the gas outlet end of the biogas storage unit 123 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the air distribution unit 0125 through a gas supply pipe 51.1, the gas outlet end of the air distribution unit 0125 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the flame burner 204 through a gas outlet pipe 10, and the combustion air outlet end of the air distribution unit 0125 is communicated with the combustion air inlet end of the flame burner 204 through a combustion air outlet pipe 11.
The upper side of the left end in the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder 145 is also vertically communicated and connected with a feeding pipe 106, the upper end of the feeding pipe 106 is also connected with a feeding funnel, the feeding pipe 106 is also provided with a first blanking device 205, the lower side of the right end of the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder 145 is vertically communicated and connected with a discharging pipe 131, a conveying belt 207 is arranged below the discharging pipe 131, and the discharging pipe 131 is provided with a second blanking device 128; a water vapor discharge pipe 126 is also vertically arranged on the upper side of the right end of the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder 145, the water vapor discharge pipe 126 and the tail gas delivery pipe 124 are coaxially arranged, and a tail gas discharge channel 0127 is formed between the tail gas delivery pipe 124 and the water vapor discharge pipe 126;
a conveying blade shaft 142 is coaxially arranged in the dehydration cylinder 107, a transmission dehydration channel 144 is formed between the inner wall of the dehydration cylinder 107 and the outer wall of the conveying blade shaft 142, the right end of the conveying blade shaft 142 penetrates through the right end wall body of the dehydration cylinder 107 in a rotating manner, and an air supply channel 140 is coaxially arranged in the conveying blade shaft 142 in a penetrating manner; spiral conveying blades 142.1 are spirally arranged on the shaft wall of the conveying blade shaft 142 in the dewatering cylinder 107; the left end of the conveying blade shaft 142 is provided with a conical shell-shaped air outlet head 214, an air preheating cavity 138.1 is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the air outlet head 214 and the inner wall of the shell of the flow-guiding heat exchange head 138, a plurality of air outlet holes 212 are uniformly distributed and hollowed out on the shell of the air outlet head 214, and the air preheating cavity 138.1 is communicated with the air supply channel 140 through each air outlet hole 212; the air preheating cavity 138.1 is communicated with the left end of the conveying dehydration channel 144;
the device also comprises a supercharging blower 129 which is fixedly arranged, and an air outlet cylinder 127 of the supercharging blower 129 is rotatably sleeved at the right end of the conveying blade shaft 142; the air blown out from the air outlet cylinder 127 enters an air supply channel 140 and is blown into the air preheating cavity 138.1 through a plurality of air outlet holes 212;
a second belt driving wheel 125 is coaxially and synchronously installed on the outer wall of the transmission blade shaft 142; the belt motor 130 is also in transmission connection with the second belt transmission wheel 125 through a belt transmission unit 133.
The method, the process and the technical progress of the scheme are organized as follows:
in the organic fertilizer dehydration process, the belt motor 130 is started to drive the transmission blade shaft 142 and the mixing stirring shaft 308 to synchronously and continuously rotate, meanwhile, the solid manure residue organic fertilizer discharged from the manure methane fermentation unit 316 is continuously discharged into the transmission dehydration channel 144 in the transmission dehydration inner barrel 145 through the feeding pipe 106, the organic fertilizer in the transmission dehydration channel 144 continuously rolls under the stirring of the spiral transmission blade 142.1 and slowly pushes towards the discharging pipe 131, meanwhile, the flame burner 204 is started, the flame-spraying pipe 208 sprays fire to the combustion chamber 137, the drainage heat exchange head 138 in the combustion chamber 137 is directly heated, so that the drainage heat exchange head 138 is in a continuous high-temperature state, a continuous heat conduction effect is formed in the air preheating chamber 138.1, and meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 137 enters the flue gas heat exchange channel 141 under the drainage effect of the drainage heat exchange head 138, finally, the flue gas is discharged through a tail gas outlet pipe 124, and the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder 145 is uniformly heated in the process that the high-temperature flue gas passes through the flue gas heat exchange channel 141, so that the organic fertilizer in the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder 145 is continuously and uniformly heated, and the organic fertilizer is promoted to be dehydrated and evaporated; meanwhile, the booster blower 129 is started, the air blown out from the air outlet cylinder 127 enters the air blowing channel 140 and is blown into the air preheating cavity 138.1 through the plurality of air outlet holes 212, the booster air in the air preheating cavity 138.1 flows to the water vapor discharge pipe 126 along the transmission dehydration channel 144, and the process that the booster air in the air preheating cavity 138.1 flows out of the water vapor discharge pipe 126 through the transmission dehydration channel 144 takes away the water vapor generated by heating, rolling and dehydrating in the transmission dehydration channel 144 in an accelerating manner, so that the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel 144 is promoted; meanwhile, the air in the air preheating cavity 138.1 is also subjected to the heat conduction effect of the drainage heat exchange head 138, so that the air in the conical cavity has a certain preheating effect, and the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel 144 is further increased;
continuously feeding the gradually dehydrated organic fertilizer in the transmission dehydration channel 144 into a mixed fertilizer feeding pipe 304 through a discharging pipe 131, meanwhile continuously feeding the chemical fertilizer into a chemical fertilizer feeding hopper 305 according to the proportion, further leading the chemical fertilizer into the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe 304 through a chemical fertilizer leading-in pipe 303, feeding the dehydrated organic fertilizer into a stirring and mixing channel 307 together, gradually stirring and propelling the mixture of the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer entering the stirring and mixing channel 307 to the positions of a plurality of stirring piles 310 under the propelling action of a first propelling auger blade 309, uniformly stirring the mixture, discharging the stirred mixed fertilizer from a discharging port 312 into a material receiving tower 314 under the propelling action of a second propelling auger blade 311, and finishing the preparation process of the mixed compound fertilizer;
the fertilizer is a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the weight percentage of the dried organic fertilizer in the mixed compound fertilizer fed into the stirring and mixing channel 307 is 70-75%, and the weight percentage of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 25-30%; the organic acid of the organic fertilizer can promote the decomposition of insoluble phosphorus, and the organic acid is mixed with calcium superphosphate, so that the contact of effective phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer with soil can be reduced, and the phosphorus is prevented from being fixed by the soil. When organic fertilizer with strong acidity, such as high-order grass carbon, is mixed with alkaline fertilizer, such as lime, steel slag phosphate fertilizer, lime nitrogen or plant ash, and the like, the alkalinity in the alkaline fertilizer can neutralize the acidity of the grass carbon; the human excrement mixed with a small amount of calcium superphosphate can form diammonium phosphate, and volatilization loss of ammonia is reduced and prevented.
The gas distribution unit 0125 of this embodiment includes: the combustion-supporting air hard tube 55 is horizontal, a combustion-supporting air elastic pressure-accumulating air bag 53 is hermetically wrapped outside the tube body of the combustion-supporting air hard tube 55, and an elastic combustion-supporting air bag cavity 56 is formed between the combustion-supporting air elastic pressure-accumulating air bag 54 and the outer tube wall of the combustion-supporting air hard tube 55; the outer side of the combustion-supporting air elastic pressure-accumulating air bag 54 is also wrapped with a first air bag accommodating box body 54; a first adjusting piston 63 is movably arranged in the combustion air hard tube 55, a combustion air inlet cavity 507 is arranged at the left side of the first adjusting piston 63, a combustion air inlet 52 is arranged on the wall body of the combustion air hard tube 55 positioned at the left side of the first adjusting piston 63, and the combustion air inlet 52 is communicated with the elastic combustion air airbag cavity 56; a plurality of combustion air leading-out holes 57 are uniformly distributed on the wall body of the combustion air hard tube 55 positioned on the right side of the first adjusting piston 63 in a circumferential array manner, and each combustion air leading-out hole 57 is communicated with the elastic combustion air balloon cavity 56; the left end of the combustion-supporting air hard pipe 55 is communicated and connected with a combustion-supporting air inlet joint 65; the air inlet end of the combustion air supply pipe 51 is connected with a constant pressure blower 1126, and the air outlet end of the combustion air supply pipe 51 is communicated with the combustion air inlet joint 65;
the gas distribution unit 0125 further comprises a gas hard tube 55.1 which is coaxial with the combustion air hard tube 55, the outer side of the gas hard tube 55.1 is hermetically wrapped with a gas elastic pressure storage air bag 53.1, and an elastic gas air bag cavity 56.1 is formed between the gas elastic pressure storage air bag 53.1 and the outer wall of the gas hard tube 55.1; the outer side of the gas elastic pressure accumulation air bag 53.1 is also wrapped with a second air bag containing box body 54.1; a second adjusting piston 63.1 is movably arranged in the gas hard tube 55.1, and a gas inlet cavity 507.1 is formed in the right side of the second adjusting piston 63.1; a gas inlet 52.1 is arranged on the wall body of the gas hard tube 55.1 positioned on the right side of the second adjusting piston 63.1, and the gas inlet 52.1 is communicated with the elastic gas airbag cavity 56.1; a plurality of gas leading-out holes 57.1 are uniformly distributed on the wall body of the gas hard tube 55.1 positioned on the left side of the second adjusting piston 63.1 in a circumferential array manner, and each gas leading-out hole 57.1 is communicated with the elastic gas airbag cavity 56.1; the right end of the gas hard pipe 55.1 is communicated and connected with a gas inlet joint 65.1; the gas outlet end of the gas supply pipe 51.1 is communicated and connected with the gas inlet joint 65.1;
an adjusting pipe 64 is coaxially arranged between the combustion air hard pipe 55 and the fuel gas hard pipe 55.1, and the left end of the adjusting pipe 64 is communicated and connected with the right end of the combustion air hard pipe 55; the right end of the adjusting pipe 64 is communicated and connected with the left end of the gas hard pipe 55.1; an air pressure difference thrust piston 61 is movably arranged in the middle of the adjusting pipe 64, the left end of the air pressure difference thrust piston 61 is in linkage connection with the first adjusting piston 63 through a first linkage rod 58, and the right end of the air pressure difference thrust piston 61 is in linkage connection with the second adjusting piston 63.1 through a second linkage rod 58.1;
a combustion air outlet cavity 59 is formed between the differential pressure thrust piston 61 and the first adjusting piston 63, and a fuel gas outlet channel 59.1 is formed between the differential pressure thrust piston 61 and the second adjusting piston 63.1; the combustion-supporting air outlet pipe 11 and the fuel gas outlet pipe 10 are also included, and the air inlet end of the combustion-supporting air outlet pipe 11 is communicated and connected with the combustion-supporting air outlet cavity 59; the gas inlet end of the gas outlet pipe 10 is communicated and connected with the gas outlet channel 59.1; the air outlet end of the combustion air outlet pipe 11 is connected with the combustion air inlet end of the flame burner 204; the gas outlet end of the gas outlet pipe 10 is connected with the gas inlet end of the flame burner 204;
the inner wall of the combustion air outlet cavity 59 is coaxially provided with a left spring retaining ring 560, the inner wall of the gas outlet channel 59.1 is coaxially provided with a right spring retaining ring 560.1, a first top pressure spring 60 is arranged between the left spring retaining ring 560 and the differential pressure thrust piston 61, and a second top pressure spring 60.1 is arranged between the right spring retaining ring 560.1 and the differential pressure thrust piston 61.
The hole area S1 of the combustion air inlet 52, the sum of the hole areas of the combustion air outlet holes 57 is S2, and the tube gas passage area of the combustion air outlet tube 11 is S3, so that S1-S2-S3 is satisfied;
the hole area of the gas inlet 52.1 is C1, the sum of the hole areas of the gas outlet holes 57.1 is C2, and the gas passing area in the pipe of the gas outlet pipe 10 is C3, so that the requirement that C1 is equal to C2 is equal to C3 is met;
the number and the distribution of the holes of the gas outlet holes 57.1 are the same as those of the combustion air outlet holes 57, and the hole area of each combustion air outlet hole 57 is 16 to 20 times of that of each gas outlet hole 57.1.
The method and process of the gas distribution unit and the technical progress are as follows:
the combustion air is led into the air distribution unit 0125 by the constant pressure blower 1126, and the combustion air sequentially flows through the following paths in the process of leading out the combustion air outlet pipe 11 from the air distribution unit 0125: a combustion air supply pipe 51, a combustion air inlet cavity 507, a combustion air inlet 52, an elastic combustion air balloon cavity 56, combustion air guide-out holes 57, a combustion air outlet cavity 59 and a combustion air outlet pipe 11;
the biogas storage unit 123 guides biogas into the gas distribution unit 0125, and the paths through which biogas gas flows in sequence in the process of guiding the biogas out of the gas outlet pipe 10 from the gas distribution unit 0125 are as follows: the gas-burning device comprises a gas supply pipe 51.1, a gas inlet cavity 507.1, a gas inlet 52.1, an elastic gas airbag cavity 56.1, a gas outlet hole 57.1 and a gas outlet channel 59.1;
under an ideal state, the constant pressure blower 1126 and the biogas storage unit 123 respectively supply the same air pressure to the combustion air supply pipe 51 and the gas supply pipe 51.1, so that the pressures on both sides of the differential pressure thrust piston 61 are the same, and the differential pressure thrust piston 61 is in a middle reset position, at the moment, the expansion degree and the air pressure in the elastic combustion air airbag cavity 56 and the elastic gas airbag cavity 56.1 are the same, and because the hole area of each combustion air guide hole 57 is 16 to 20 times of that of each gas guide hole 57.1, the air flow in the combustion air outlet pipe 11 is 16 to 20 times of that in the gas outlet pipe 10; the flow difference ensures a proper air-fuel ratio in the flame burner 204, ensures that the methane entering the flame burner 204 has enough oxygen to support combustion, and avoids excessive combustion-supporting air to waste combustion space; during the specific operation, the air pressure in the biogas storage unit 123 fluctuates frequently, and the air pressure provided by the constant pressure blower 1126 is relatively stable, i.e., the air pressure in the gas supply pipe 51.1 is large and small, which may cause the fluctuation range of the air-fuel ratio in the flame burner 204 to increase; the structure of the gas distribution unit 0125 can reduce the fluctuation range of the air-fuel ratio, if the gas pressure in the gas supply pipe 51.1 is relatively increased, the gas flow in the gas outlet pipe 10 is higher than the ideal flow, and the pressure on the right side of the gas pressure difference thrust piston 61 is higher than the pressure on the left side; at this time, the differential pressure thrust piston 61 will displace a distance to the left, at this time, the differential pressure thrust piston 61 will also drive the first adjusting piston 63 and the second adjusting piston 63.1 to displace a distance to the left, only the combustion air outlet 57 located on the right side of the first adjusting piston 63 can play a role in communicating the elastic combustion air bladder cavity 56 with the combustion air outlet cavity 59, and therefore the combustion air outlet 57 located on the right side of the first adjusting piston 63 is an "effective" combustion air outlet 57; only the gas outlet hole 57.1 located on the left side of the second adjusting piston 63.1 can play a role of communicating the elastic gas airbag cavity 56.1 with the gas outlet channel 59.1, so that the gas outlet hole 57.1 located on the left side of the second adjusting piston 63.1 is an "effective" gas outlet hole 57.1; at this time, the second adjusting piston 63.1 is displaced to the left for a certain distance to reduce the number of the effective gas outlet holes 57.1, and the first adjusting piston 63 is displaced to the left for a certain distance to increase or maintain the number of the effective combustion air outlet holes 57, so that the process at least plays a role in reducing the gas flow in the gas outlet pipe 10, further weakening the fluctuation range of the air-fuel ratio in the flame burner 204 caused by the relatively increased air pressure in the gas supply pipe 51.1, and further improving the combustion stability in the flame burner 204; similarly, if the gas pressure in the gas supply pipe 51.1 becomes relatively small, which causes the gas flow in the gas outlet pipe 10 to be higher than the ideal flow, the pressure on the right side of the gas pressure difference thrust piston 61 is smaller than the pressure on the left side; the differential gas pressure thrust piston 61 is displaced to the left by a distance which ultimately has the effect of attenuating the amplitude of the fluctuations in the gas pressure in the gas supply pipe 51.1 relative to the air-fuel ratio in the flame burner 204.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation process unit of compound fertilizer which characterized in that: comprises a fecal marsh gas fermentation unit (316), a dehydration cylinder (107), a compound fertilizer preparation cylinder (302) and a material receiving tower (314);
a solid manure residue discharge end (317) of the manure methane fermentation unit (316) is connected with a feed hopper (206) of the dewatering cylinder (107), a discharge end of the dewatering cylinder (107) is correspondingly connected with a mixed fertilizer feed pipe (304) of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder (302), a fertilizer introduction pipe (303) is further connected to the side part of the mixed fertilizer feed pipe (304) in a bypass mode, and a fertilizer feed hopper (305) is further arranged at the upper end of the fertilizer introduction pipe (303); the discharge end of the compound fertilizer preparation cylinder (302) is correspondingly arranged right above the receiving tower (314);
the lower side of the outer wall of the dewatering cylinder (107) is fixedly connected with the upper side of the outer wall of the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder (302) through a structural column (301); the excrement biogas fermentation system also comprises a biogas storage unit (123), wherein the biogas discharge end of the excrement biogas fermentation unit (316) is connected with the biogas storage unit (123) through a gas guide pipe (315);
a mixing stirring shaft (308) is arranged in the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder (302) in a coaxial rotating manner, a stirring mixing channel (307) is formed between the mixing stirring shaft (308) and the compound fertilizer configuration cylinder (302), and a plurality of stirring piles (310) are uniformly distributed in a divergent circumferential array in the middle of the mixing stirring shaft (308); a first propulsion dragon blade (309) is spirally arranged on the right side shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft (308), and a second propulsion dragon blade (311) is spirally arranged on the left side shaft wall of the mixing stirring shaft (308); a discharge hole (312) is formed in the left end of the mixing stirring shaft (308), and the lower end of the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe (304) is communicated with the upper side of the right end of the stirring and mixing channel (307); the right end of the mixing stirring shaft (308) is connected with a first belt transmission wheel (313); the belt conveyor further comprises a fixedly mounted belt motor (130), and the belt motor (130) is in driving connection with the first belt transmission wheel (313) through a belt transmission unit;
the dewatering cylinder (107) is of a structure of a cross-column shell; a conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder (145) is coaxially arranged in the dehydrating cylinder (107), and a flue gas heat exchange channel (141) is formed between the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder (145) and the dehydrating cylinder (107);
the left end of the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder (145) is a coaxial pointed conical shell-shaped drainage heat exchange head (138), a combustion chamber (137) is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head (138) and the left end wall of the dewatering cylinder (107), and the inner wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head (138) is also provided with a plurality of rings of radiating fins (213) coaxially;
the combustion cavity (137) is communicated with the left end of the flue gas heat exchange channel (141), and the upper side of the right end of the flue gas heat exchange channel (141) is vertically connected with a tail gas delivery pipe (124); a flame burner (204) is installed at the left end of the dewatering cylinder (107), and a flame spraying pipe (208) of the flame burner (204) coaxially extends into the combustion chamber (137);
still include distribution unit (0125) and constant voltage forced draught blower (1126), the air outlet of constant voltage forced draught blower (1126) passes through combustion-supporting air supply pipe (51) intercommunication the combustion-supporting air inlet end of distribution unit (0125), the gas derivation end of marsh gas storage unit (123) passes through gas supply pipe (51.1) intercommunication the gas inlet end of distribution unit (0125), the gas outlet end of distribution unit (0125) passes through gas outlet duct (10) intercommunication the gas inlet end of flame burner (204), the combustion-supporting air outlet end of distribution unit (0125) passes through combustion-supporting air outlet duct (11) intercommunication the combustion-supporting air inlet end of flame burner (204).
2. The preparation process device of the compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the left end in the conveying and dehydrating inner barrel (145) is also vertically communicated and connected with a feeding pipe (106), the upper end of the feeding pipe (106) is also connected with a feeding funnel, a first blanking device (205) is further arranged on the feeding pipe (106), the lower side of the right end of the conveying and dehydrating inner barrel (145) is vertically communicated and connected with a discharging pipe (131), a conveying belt (207) is arranged below the discharging pipe (131), and a second blanking device (128) is arranged on the discharging pipe (131); a water vapor discharge pipe (126) is also vertically arranged on the upper side of the right end of the conveying and dewatering inner cylinder (145), the water vapor discharge pipe (126) and the tail gas leading-out pipe (124) are coaxially arranged, and a tail gas discharge channel (0127) is formed between the tail gas leading-out pipe (124) and the water vapor discharge pipe (126);
a conveying blade shaft (142) is coaxially arranged in the dehydration cylinder (107), a transmission dehydration channel (144) is formed between the inner wall of the dehydration cylinder (107) and the outer wall of the conveying blade shaft (142), the right end of the conveying blade shaft (142) penetrates through the right end wall of the dehydration cylinder (107) in a rotating manner, and an air supply channel (140) is arranged in the conveying blade shaft (142) in a coaxial penetrating manner; spiral transmission blades (142.1) are spirally arranged on the shaft wall of a conveying blade shaft (142) in the dewatering cylinder (107); an air outlet head (214) in a conical shell shape is arranged at the left end of the conveying blade shaft (142), an air preheating cavity (138.1) is formed between the outer wall of the shell of the air outlet head (214) and the inner wall of the shell of the drainage heat exchange head (138), a plurality of air outlet holes (212) are uniformly distributed and hollowed in the shell of the air outlet head (214), and the air preheating cavity (138.1) is communicated with the air supply channel (140) through each air outlet hole (212); the air preheating cavity (138.1) is communicated with the left end of the conveying dehydration channel (144);
the device also comprises a supercharging blower (129) which is fixedly installed, and an air outlet cylinder (127) of the supercharging blower (129) is rotatably sleeved at the right end of the conveying blade shaft (142); the air blown out from the air outlet cylinder (127) enters an air supply channel (140) and is blown into the air preheating cavity (138.1) through a plurality of air outlet holes (212);
the outer wall of the transmission blade shaft (142) is also coaxially and synchronously provided with a second belt transmission wheel (125); the belt motor (130) is also in transmission connection with the second belt transmission wheel (125) through a belt transmission unit (133).
3. The compound fertilizer preparation process of the compound fertilizer preparation process unit according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the organic fertilizer dehydration process, a belt motor (130) is started to drive a transmission blade shaft (142) and a mixing stirring shaft (308) to synchronously and continuously rotate, meanwhile, solid manure residue organic fertilizer discharged by a manure methane fermentation unit (316) is continuously discharged into a transmission dehydration channel (144) in a transmission dehydration inner barrel (145) through a feeding pipe (106), the organic fertilizer in the transmission dehydration channel (144) continuously rolls under the stirring of a spiral transmission blade (142.1) and slowly pushes towards a discharging pipe (131), meanwhile, a flame burner (204) is started, a flame spraying pipe (208) sprays fire to a combustion cavity (137), a drainage heat exchange head (138) in the combustion cavity (137) is directly heated, the drainage heat exchange head (138) is in a continuous high-temperature state, and a continuous heat conduction effect is formed in a preheating air cavity (138.1), meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion cavity (137) enters the flue gas heat exchange channel (141) under the drainage effect of the drainage heat exchange head (138) and is finally discharged through the tail gas outlet pipe (124), and the high-temperature flue gas is uniformly heated in the process of passing through the flue gas heat exchange channel (141), so that organic fertilizer in the conveying and dehydrating inner cylinder (145) is continuously and uniformly heated, and the dehydration and evaporation of the organic fertilizer are promoted; meanwhile, a booster blower (129) is started, so that the air pressure blown out from an air outlet cylinder (127) enters an air supply channel (140) and is blown into the air preheating cavity (138.1) through a plurality of air guide-out holes (212), further, the booster air in the air preheating cavity (138.1) flows to a water vapor discharge pipe (126) along a transmission dehydration channel (144), and the process that the booster air in the air preheating cavity (138.1) flows out of the water vapor discharge pipe (126) through the transmission dehydration channel (144) is incidentally accelerated to take away the water vapor generated by heating, rolling and dehydration in the transmission dehydration channel (144), so that the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel (144) is promoted; meanwhile, the air in the air preheating cavity (138.1) is also subjected to the heat conduction effect of the drainage heat exchange head (138), so that the air in the conical cavity is also preheated to a certain extent, and the dehydration process in the transmission dehydration channel (144) is further increased;
organic fertilizers gradually dehydrated in the transmission dehydration channel (144) are continuously fed into a mixed fertilizer feeding pipe (304) through a discharging pipe (131), meanwhile, chemical fertilizers are continuously fed into a chemical fertilizer feeding hopper (305) according to the proportion, then the chemical fertilizers are guided into the mixed fertilizer feeding pipe (304) through a chemical fertilizer guiding pipe (303), the organic fertilizers and the dehydrated organic fertilizers are fed into a stirring and mixing channel (307), the mixture of the organic fertilizers and the chemical fertilizers entering the stirring and mixing channel (307) is gradually stirred and propelled to the positions of a plurality of stirring piles (310) under the propelling action of a first propelling auger blade (309) and is uniformly stirred, and the stirred mixed fertilizers are discharged from a discharging port (312) to a material receiving tower (314) under the propelling action of a second propelling auger blade (311), so that the preparation process of mixed compound fertilizers is completed;
the fertilizer is a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the weight proportion of the dried organic fertilizer in the mixed compound fertilizer fed into the stirring and mixing channel (307) is 70-75%, and the weight proportion of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 25-30%.
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