CN109051887B

CN109051887B - Safe slow-descending loading and unloading method applied to cement pipeline

Info

Publication number: CN109051887B
Application number: CN201810899337.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张勤
Original assignee: Fuyang Huashun Cement Products Co ltd
Current assignee: FUYANG HUASHUN CEMENT PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-08-08
Filing date: 2018-08-08
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-08
Also published as: CN109051887A

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe slow descending loading and unloading method applied to a cement pipeline, which comprises the following steps: clamping mechanism joint in the discharge end of carriage, low level glide machanism length direction's one end link to each other with clamping mechanism, low level glide machanism's the other end extends subaerially, when installation clamping mechanism, match the opening of joint frame with the carriage discharge end, and the top and the open-ended top contact of joint frame of carriage discharge end, rotatory bolt this moment and make the grip block big face up and the bottom of carriage discharge end produce contact pressure, the top of carriage discharge end and the open-ended top of joint frame produce contact pressure, will slowly fall the rope twine on the winding rope groove of a rope winding section of thick bamboo and by the gentle bolt in winding rope groove guide back on the couple of tether mechanism, the inspection slowly falls the device, slowly rise the device whether intact.

Description

Safe slow-descending loading and unloading method applied to cement pipeline

Technical Field

The invention relates to a discharging device, in particular to a manual slow-descending loading and unloading machine applied to a cement pipeline.

Background

In the perfect in-process of facility such as water conservancy, the application of conduit is comparatively extensive, the workman adopts mechanical equipment such as fork truck mostly to load and unload the pipe fitting, owing to receive operation space's influence, mechanical equipment often can not be disposable carry the pipe fitting to suitable position, workman's the amount of labour has been increased, work efficiency descends, and simultaneously, because pipe fittings such as conduit are cement pipeline mostly, when cement pipeline receives the striking, cause the pipeline to break easily, not only influence the job schedule, can cause the potential safety hazard again, be unfavorable for workman's construction, therefore, in the loading and unloading in-process of pipe fitting, accomplish and slowly transport, when guaranteeing the pipe fitting quality, can improve workman's work efficiency again.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a manual slow-descending loading and unloading machine applied to a cement pipeline, wherein the slow-descending loading and unloading machine can load and unload cement pipe fittings, and when the cement pipe fittings are unloaded, the slow-descending loading and unloading machine can slowly release the cement pipe fittings and reduce the impact on the cement pipe fittings; when loading, can guarantee the quality of cement pipe fitting, improve workman's work efficiency.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

The safe slow-descending loading and unloading method applied to the cement pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the mounting process;

s1, clamping a clamping mechanism to a discharging end of a carriage, wherein one end of a low-position sliding mechanism in the length direction is connected with the clamping mechanism, the other end of the low-position sliding mechanism extends to the ground, when the clamping mechanism is installed, an opening of a clamping frame is matched with the discharging end of the carriage, the top of the discharging end of the carriage is in contact with the top of the opening of the clamping frame, at the moment, a bolt is rotated, the upward large surface of a clamping plate is enabled to generate contact pressure with the bottom of the discharging end of the carriage, and the top of the discharging end of the carriage is enabled to generate contact pressure with the top of the opening of the;

s2, winding the slow descending rope on a rope winding groove of a rope winding drum, and smoothly tying the slow descending rope on a hook of a rope tying mechanism after being guided by the rope winding groove;

(II) unloading the pipe fitting;

s3, conveying the pipe fitting to a horizontal plate of a carriage by an operator or mechanical equipment, enabling the axis of the pipe fitting to be perpendicular to a vertical plate, pushing the pipe fitting and enabling the pipe fitting to move towards the direction of a low-position sliding mechanism, when the pipe fitting moves to the discharging end of the carriage and abuts against the sliding mechanism of the low-position sliding mechanism, enabling a slow descending rope to be in a tensioning state, enabling the sliding mechanism to slide downwards along the guiding direction of a sliding rod due to the gravity action of the pipe fitting, driving a connecting shaft to move by the sliding mechanism, driving a movable limiting shell to slide along the guiding direction of a guide block towards the direction far away from a fixed limiting shell by the movement of the connecting shaft, driving the connecting rod to move and driving a swing rod to swing by the sliding of the movable limiting shell, driving a valve core to rotate in the swinging process of the swing rod, and reducing;

s4, the worker pulls the pull rope to separate the locking block from the locking ratchet wheel, the one-way locking mechanism is switched from the locking state to the separating state, the sliding mechanism extends the slow descending rope and drives the rope winding drum to rotate around the axis of the rope winding drum, so as to drive the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft rotates to transmit power to the first speed reducing mechanism, the rotation of the second rotating shaft on the first speed reducing mechanism transmits power to the slow descending device of the slow descending mechanism, the flow of oil is reduced due to the reduction of the communication area of the through hole of the valve core, the frequency of reciprocating motion of the swash plate is reduced due to the smaller hydraulic pressure generated in the cylinder body, the power transmitted by the swash plate to the second rotating shaft is reduced, the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft is reduced, the power transmitted by the first speed reducing mechanism is reduced due to the reduction of the rotating speed of the connecting shaft, and the rotating speed of the rope winding drum is reduced due to, the extension speed of the slow descending rope is reduced, so that the sliding speed of the sliding mechanism is reduced, and the sliding speed of the pipe fitting is reduced, so that the aim of slowly descending the pipe fitting is fulfilled;

s5, in the process of slowly rotating a rope winding drum, a slow descending rope inhibits the pipe fitting from rapidly sliding off, so that the pipe fitting slowly slides off to the bottom of a sliding rod, the slow descending plate rotates anticlockwise under the action of gravity of the pipe fitting, in the rotating process of the slow descending plate, a locking mechanism is switched to a locking state from the triggering state, a pushing block on a sliding frame abuts against a triggering section of a triggering block and enables the triggering block to move towards the direction close to the slow descending plate, a lug on the slow descending plate abuts against a locking block on the locking mechanism and enables the locking block to move towards the direction far away from the slow descending plate along the guiding direction of a guiding groove, a locking spring is in a compression state, when the slow descending plate continuously rotates, the lug on the slow descending plate moves to the position below the locking block, at the moment, the locking spring releases elastic potential energy and enables the locking block to move towards the direction close to the slow descending plate, so that the slow descending plate is in the locking state, at the moment, the safety of the pipe fitting is ensured to slowly fall to the ground;

(III) loading the pipe fitting;

s6, conveying the pipe to the bottom of the low-position sliding mechanism by an operator or mechanical equipment, enabling the pipe to be located on the slow descending plate, enabling the axis of the pipe to be perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding rod, and then tying a slow descending rope; when a worker holds the handle and applies force to enable the handle to drive the power supply shaft to rotate, the power supply shaft can rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft and drive the sun wheel to rotate, the inner gear ring is nested in the protective shell and cannot rotate, the planet wheel can rotate around the sun wheel, the planet wheel can drive the rotating disc to rotate so as to drive the central shaft to rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft, the rotation of the central shaft can transmit power to the second speed reducing mechanism, the second speed reducing mechanism transmits the power to the connecting shaft and drives the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft rotates to drive the rope winding groove to rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft, and the rope winding groove rotates around the axis of the power supply shaft so as to enable the slow descending rope to contract and pull the sliding;

s7, a pushing block on the sliding frame is separated from a triggering section of the triggering block, the elastic force of a reset spring enables the triggering block to move towards the direction far away from the slow descending plate and drives the locking block to move, at the moment, the locking block is separated from a convex block on the slow descending plate and enables the slow descending plate to be unlocked, the free end of a transmission plate is separated from an abutting section of the sliding rod, the transmission plate moves towards the direction close to the abutting section of the sliding rod along the guiding direction of a guide groove arranged on the sliding frame in the separation process, the movement of the transmission plate drives a swing rod to move and drives a pawl to rotate around a core line of a hinge shaft towards the direction close to a ratchet wheel, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the elastic force of a volute spring enables the slow descending plate to rotate clockwise when supporting the pipe fitting and enables the ratchet wheel and the slow descending plate to rotate synchronously, when the elastic potential energy of the volute spring is completely converted into power potential energy, the slow descending plate and the ratchet wheel stop rotating, the length direction that slowly falls rope pulling pipe fitting along the sliding rod continues upwards to slide, when the pipe fitting removed the discharge end to the carriage, moved the pipe fitting to the loading carriage in by operating personnel or mechanical equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the equipment has the advantages that the equipment can slowly descend the pipe fitting, the possibility of breakage of the pipe fitting is reduced, the sliding mechanism is always in contact with the pipe fitting in the slowly descending process of the pipe fitting, the pipe fitting is prevented from falling off, meanwhile, the pipe fitting can be lifted, loading and unloading of the pipe fitting can be simultaneously met, and time and labor are saved in the slowly descending and lifting processes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a host structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the low-position sliding mechanism and the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the slow descending device and the slow ascending device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a descent control device according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a descent control device according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a descent control device according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the control valve structure of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the mounting plate structure of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the limiting shell according to the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view of the reduction unit of the present invention in cooperation with a plunger pump.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the speed reducing unit of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the control valve of the present invention in cooperation with a speed reducing mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a ramp-up device of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a ramp-up device of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a one-way locking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the one-way locking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the slow-lift transmission mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the slow-lift transmission mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the slow-lift transmission mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the protection shell and the ring gear of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a protective shell of the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the tether mechanism and the descent control mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 26 is a schematic view of a tether mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the ratchet mechanism and carriage of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the ratchet mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a schematic view of the sliding frame structure of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the locking mechanism of the present invention in cooperation with a ratchet mechanism.

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 32 is a schematic view of a slow descending structure according to the present invention.

Labeled as:

10. a pipe fitting;

20. a carriage;

30. a clamping mechanism; 310. a clamping frame; 320. a clamping plate; 330. a connector;

40. a slow descending device; 410. a first speed reduction mechanism; 411. a first helical gear; 412. a second helical gear; 413. a first rotating shaft; 414. a third bevel gear; 415. a fourth helical gear; 416. a second rotating shaft; 417. connecting sleeves; 418. a connecting rod; 419. a swing rod; 420. a descent control device; 421. a cylinder body; 422. a plunger; 423. a swash plate; 430. a first network manager; 431. a first three-way pipe; 432. a third pipe II; 433. a first communicating pipe; 434. a second communicating pipe; 435. a third communicating pipe; 436. a communicating pipe IV; 440. a second network manager; 441. a fifth communicating pipe; 442. a sixth communicating pipe; 443. a third three-way pipe; 444. a third pipe; 445. a seventh communicating pipe; 446. eighth, communicating pipe; 447. a ninth communicating pipe; 448. ten communicating pipes; 450. a first control valve; 460. a second control valve; 461. a valve core; 462. a knob; 463. a housing; 470. an oil filling port; 480. mounting a plate; 481. a connecting seat; 482. a guide block; 490. a limiting shell; 491. a guide groove; 492. a limiting groove; 493. a containing groove; 494. mounting grooves;

50. a slow lifting device; 510. a slow lifting transmission mechanism; 511. a protective shell; 511a, avoiding holes; 511b, a clamping groove; 512. an inner gear ring; 513. a sun gear; 514. a planet wheel; 515. an intermediate shaft; 516. a handle; 517. a power supply shaft; 518. a fixed mount; 519. a clamping disc; 520. a second reduction mechanism; 530. a one-way locking mechanism; 531. a locking block; 532. a guide bar; 533. an elastic member; 534. a pull rod; 535. a locking disc; 535a and a limiting block; 535b, touching a block;

60. a low-position sliding mechanism; 610. a slide bar; 620. a support bar; 630. a tether mechanism; 631. a rope tying rod; 632. a tether; 632a, a connecting column; 632b, a collar; 632c, a hook; 640. a sliding mechanism; 641. a ratchet mechanism; 641a, ratchet wheel; 641b, slow descending board; 641c, pawl; 641d, a driving plate; 641e, a swing rod; 642. a carriage; 642a, a guide groove; 642b, a push block; 643. a locking mechanism; 643a, a trigger block; 643b, a locking block; 643c, a locking spring; 643d, a return spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a manual slow-descending loader applied to a cement pipeline includes a carriage 20 for transporting a pipe 10, a low-level skid mechanism 60 for slowly sliding and transporting the pipe 10 transported by the carriage 20, a slow-descending device 40 disposed on the low-level skid mechanism 60 and used for providing power for the slow transportation of the pipe 10, and a slow-ascending device 50 for transporting the pipe 10 from a low level to a high level, wherein one end of the low-level skid mechanism 60 is connected with a discharging end of the carriage 20, and the other end of the low-level skid mechanism 60 extends to the ground, so that a height difference is formed between the carriage 20 and the ground, and the pipe 10 can slide onto the ground/ascend to the carriage 20 along the low-level skid mechanism 60.

As shown in fig. 1, the carriage 20 includes a placing plate for placing the pipe 10, and preferably, the placing plate includes a horizontal plate and two vertical plates, the two vertical plates are respectively disposed at one end of the horizontal plate in the length direction and extend upwards along the height direction, the pipe 10 is disposed on the horizontal plate, the central axis of the pipe 10 is perpendicular to the vertical plates, and when the pipe 10 is placed on the horizontal plate, the pipe 10 can be guided and limited by the vertical plates disposed at the two ends of the horizontal plate in the length direction.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to make the operation of the present apparatus convenient, the low-position sliding mechanism 60 is detachably connected to the discharging end of the carriage 20, preferably, a clamping mechanism 30 is disposed between the low-position sliding mechanism 60 and the discharging end of the carriage 20, one end of the low-position sliding mechanism 60 in the length direction is connected to the discharging end of the carriage 20 through the clamping mechanism 30, the other end of the low-position sliding mechanism 60 in the length direction extends to the ground, preferably, one end of the low-position sliding mechanism 60 is hinged to the clamping mechanism 30, the low-position sliding mechanism 60 is connected to the clamping mechanism 30 in a hinged manner, and a hinge axis of the hinge axis is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the low-position sliding mechanism 60, the low-position sliding mechanism 60 can rotate around the hinge axis of the hinge axis, and the angle between the low-position sliding mechanism 60 and the ground can be adjusted through the rotation of the low-position sliding mechanism 60, the operator can adjust the angle between the low-level sliding mechanism 60 and the ground according to the height difference between the carriage 20 and the ground or the size of the pipe 10, so that the construction operation of the operator is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 5, the clamping mechanism 30 includes a clamping frame 310, a clamping plate 320, and a connector 330 for connecting the low-level sliding mechanism 60, the clamping frame 310 is provided with an opening for clamping the discharging end of the car 20, the inner wall of the opening is provided with a clamping hole, the clamping plate 320 is disposed above the clamping hole, the large surface of the clamping plate 320 is perpendicular to the height direction of the opening, and the upward large surface is a clamping surface, the inner wall of the opening is provided with a bolt, one end of the bolt is matched with the clamping hole, the other end of the bolt is connected with the clamping plate 320, the distance between the clamping surface of the clamping plate 320 and the inner wall of the clamping frame 310 can be adjusted during the process of rotating the bolt, when the clamping mechanism 30 is installed, the opening of the clamping frame 310 is matched with the discharging end of the car 20, and the top of the discharging end of the car 20 is in contact with the top of the opening of the clamping frame 310, at this time, the bolt is rotated and, the top of the discharging end of the carriage 20 and the open top of the clamping frame 310 generate contact pressure, and the stability of the whole mechanism is ensured.

More perfect, the clamping surface on be provided with the friction line that is used for increasing frictional force, the contact pressure of the big face that clamping plate 320 faces up and the bottom of carriage 20 discharge end can be increased to the friction line, makes whole mechanism more stable.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the low sliding mechanism 60 includes two parallel sliding rods 610, one end of the sliding rod 610 in the length direction is hinged to the connector 330 of the latch mechanism 30, the hinge axis line is arranged along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding rod 610, the other end of the sliding rod 610 in the length direction extends to the ground, the slow-lowering device 40 is disposed on one sliding rod 610 and near the end of the latch mechanism 30, the slow-raising device 50 is disposed on the other sliding rod 610 and near the end of the latch mechanism 30, the slow-lowering device 40 and the slow-raising device 50 are disposed oppositely and connected through a connecting shaft, the central axis of the connecting shaft is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the pipe 10, two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively sleeved with a rope winding tube, the rope winding tube is provided with a rope winding groove for winding the slow-lowering rope, the rope winding tube can rotate around its own axis along with the connecting shaft to wind the slow-lowering rope, the slow descending rope is wound on the rope winding groove, is led out through the rope winding groove and then is tied to the low-position sliding mechanism 60 through the pipe wall of the pipe fitting 10 in a bolting mode, and the rope winding drum can achieve winding and unwinding of the slow descending rope in the process of rotating along with the connecting shaft, so that the pipe fitting 10 can be lifted or slowly descended.

Due to the fact that the ground on a construction site is uneven, the pipe 10 is caused to laterally move to a certain extent in the loading process, the slow descending rope can gradually extend along with the slow descending process of the pipe 10, and the slow descending rope gradually deviates towards the center of the pipe 10 or deviates towards other directions under the condition that the force of gravity is uneven, therefore, the force of two sides of the pipe 10 is further increased, and the pipe 10 can be turned over in the slow descending process; in order to solve the problem, the present invention further designs a tether 630 and a slider 640 disposed between the two sliding rods 610.

As shown in fig. 25 to 26, the tether mechanism 630 includes a tether rod 631 disposed between the two sliding rods 610 and perpendicular to the sliding rods 610, a sliding slot is disposed along the length direction of the sliding rods 610, the guiding direction of the sliding slot is parallel to the length direction of the sliding rods 610, two ends of the tether rod 631 are provided with a tether 632 for tethering a slow descending rope, and the central axis of the tether 632 is perpendicular to the sliding rods 610, the tether 632 includes a connecting post 632a fixedly connected to the sliding mechanism 640 and connected to one end of the tether rod 631, a collar 632b sleeved outside the connecting post 632a, and a hook 632c connected to the collar 632b and used for tethering the slow descending rope, and when the pipe 10 is slowly descended or lifted, the slow descending rope is wound around a rope winding groove and is tied to the hook 632c after being led out through the rope winding groove.

Foretell slide rod 610 includes that the slip section is close to ground with conflict section and conflict section, the conflict section on and be close to the one end of slip section for convex conflict wall, slide rod 610 conflict section on and be close to the hole depth direction perpendicular to slide rod 610 that the conflict wall was provided with mounting hole and mounting hole.

As shown in fig. 27-32, the sliding mechanism 640 includes a sliding frame 642 slidably engaged with the sliding slot of the sliding rod 610, a ratchet mechanism 641 disposed on the sliding frame 642, and a locking mechanism 643 disposed in a mounting hole of the sliding rod 610, wherein the sliding frame 642 is connected to the tether 632.

As shown in fig. 28, the ratchet mechanism 641 includes a ratchet 641a disposed on the sliding frame 642 and having a central axis perpendicular to the sliding rod 610, a pawl 641c cooperating with the ratchet 641a, a swing link 641e, a descending plate 641b for providing a supporting force to the pipe 10 and rotating synchronously with the ratchet 641a, a transmission plate 641d for triggering the rotation of the ratchet 641a, wherein a unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 641a when cooperating with the pawl 641c is clockwise and is opposite to the rotation direction of the pipe 10 when unloading, one end of the pawl 641c is hinged with the sliding frame 642 and a hinge axis core line is perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission plate 641d, the other end is inserted into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 641a, one end of the swing link 641e is hinged with the pawl 641c and a core line is perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission plate 641d, the other end is hinged with the transmission plate 641d and a hinge axis core line is perpendicular to the length direction of the transmission plate 641d, the sliding frame 642 is provided with a guiding groove 642a forming a sliding guiding fit with the driving plate 641d, and a pushing block 642b for triggering the locking of the locking mechanism 643, when the tube 10 slides along the two sliding rods 610, the pawl 641c engages with the ratchet 641a, the ratchet 641a and the slow descending plate 641b are in a synchronous static state, when the tube 10 slides to the bottom close to the sliding rod 610, the free end of the driving plate 641d abuts against the abutting wall of the abutting section of the sliding rod 610 and slides along the guiding groove 642a in the direction opposite to the sliding direction of the tube 10, the movement of the driving plate 641d drives the oscillating rod 641e to move and drives the pawl 641c to rotate around the hinge axis core of the hinge shaft in the direction away from the ratchet 641a, the connection between the slow descending plate 641b and the ratchet 641a is provided with a volute spring, the volute spring is a coiled steel strip, which has excellent bending performance and a thin thickness, the spiral spring can be tightly wound, when the spiral spring is in a tightly wound state, the spiral spring accumulates elastic potential energy, the slowly-descending plate 641b is rotated counterclockwise by the gravity of the pipe 10, the spiral spring arranged in the disc of the slowly-descending plate 641b tightly winds and accumulates the elastic potential energy, the slowly-descending plate 641b abuts against the locking mechanism 643 and locks the slowly-descending plate 641b in the rotation process of the slowly-descending plate 641b, and after the slowly-descending plate 641b is locked, the pipe 10 slides to the ground through the two sliding rods 610.

The movement states of the locking mechanism 643 include a trigger state and a locking state, and during the rotation of the slow descending plate 641b, the slow descending plate 641b interferes with the locking mechanism 643 to switch the locking mechanism 643 from the trigger state to the locking state.

More specifically, the slow descending plate 641b is provided with a projection for locking, and the projection is located on a large surface of the slow descending plate 641b facing the sliding frame 642.

As shown in fig. 30 to 31, the locking mechanism 643 includes a trigger block 643a, a locking block 643b, a locking spring 643c, and a return spring 643d, the trigger block 643a is disposed in a mounting hole of the slide lever 610, a moving direction of the trigger block 643a is perpendicular to a length direction of the slide lever 610, the trigger block 643a includes a trigger section and a guide section, the guide section is provided with a guide groove, a guide direction of the guide groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the slide lever 610, the locking block 643b is disposed in the guide groove, the locking spring 643c perpendicular to the length direction of the slide lever 610 is disposed between the locking block 643b and a side wall of the guide groove, one end of the locking spring 643c abuts against the locking block 643b, the other end abuts against the side wall 643b of the guide groove, when the locking spring 643c is in an original length state, the locking block 643b extends out of the mounting hole and approaches the slow descending plate 643, at this time, the locking mechanism 643 is in an activated state, when the slow descending plate 641b is rotated counterclockwise by the gravity of the tube 10, and during the rotation of the slow descending plate 641b, the locking mechanism 643 is switched from the activated state to the locked state, the pushing block 642b on the sliding frame 642 abuts against the activation section of the activation block 643a and moves the activation block 643a toward the slow descending plate 641b, the protrusion on the slow descending plate 641b abuts against the locking block 643b on the locking mechanism 643 and moves the locking block 643b in the direction away from the slow descending plate 641b along the guiding direction of the guiding groove, and the locking spring 643c is in a compressed state, when the slow descending plate 641b continues to rotate, the protrusion on the slow descending plate 641b moves below the locking block 643b, at this time, the locking spring 643c releases the elastic potential energy and moves the locking block 643b toward the slow descending plate 641b, so that the slow descending plate 641b is in the locked state, at this time, the tube 10 can slide down to the ground through the slow descending plate 641b, so that the tube 10 can be safely and slowly descended to the ground, meanwhile, when the slow descending plate 641b is in a locked state, the tube 10 can be conveniently lifted, the locking mechanism 643 further includes return springs 643d disposed at both sides of the guide section and parallel to the guide direction of the guide section, when the tube 10 is loaded, the tube 10 is moved to the bottom of the low sliding mechanism 60 and the tube 10 is placed on the slow descending plate 641b, after the slow descending rope is tied, the slow descending rope pulls the tube 10 to move up along the sliding rod 610 and pulls the sliding mechanism 640 to move up under the transmission action of the slow ascending device 50, at this time, the pushing block 642b on the sliding frame 642 is disengaged from the trigger section of the trigger block 643a, the elastic force of the return spring 643d makes the trigger block 643a move away from the slow descending plate 641b and drives the lock block 643b to move, at this time, the locking block 643b disengages from the projection on the slow descending plate 641b and unlocks the slow descending plate 641b, the free end of the transmission plate 641d separates from the abutting section of the sliding rod 610, and during the separation process, the transmission plate 641d moves toward the abutting section of the sliding rod 610 along the guiding direction of the guiding slot 642a disposed on the sliding frame 642, the movement of the transmission plate 641d drives the swing rod 641e to move and drives the pawl 641c to rotate around the core line of the hinge shaft toward the ratchet 641a, so that the pawl 641c engages with the ratchet 641a, under the traction action of the slow descending rope and the elastic force of the spiral spring, the slow descending plate 641b rotates clockwise when supporting the pipe 10 and the ratchet 641a and the slow descending plate 641b rotate synchronously, when the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring is completely converted into power potential energy, the slow descending plate 641b and the ratchet 641a stop rotating, and the slow descending plate 641b which stops rotating slides upwards along with the sliding frame 642, so that the pipe 10 can be protected for the second time.

More specifically, a guiding inclined surface is disposed on the locking block 643b and adjacent to the slow descending plate 641b, a guiding direction of the guiding inclined surface is downward, and the projection on the slow descending plate 641b can slide downward along the guiding direction of the guiding inclined surface.

More specifically, the tip that slowly falls board 641b on and keep away from the clockwork spring be provided with the perpendicular gyro wheel of the direction of sliding of central axis and pipe fitting 10, slowly fall or the in-process that promotes to pipe fitting 10, because pipe fitting 10 can rotate around self axis, be rolling friction after the pipe wall of pipe fitting 10 and the gyro wheel contact, this rolling friction can reduce the pipe wall of pipe fitting 10 and to slowly falling board 641 b's scraping to it receives the harm to reduce slowly falling board 641 b.

More optimally, two glide rod 610 between and be close to ground and be provided with the bracing piece 620 of perpendicular to glide rod 610, the one end of bracing piece 620 link to each other with a glide rod 610, the other end links to each other with another glide rod 610, pipe fitting 10 produces the extrusion to glide rod 610 at the in-process that slowly falls, bracing piece 620 has avoided glide rod 610 to produce extrusion deformation.

As shown in fig. 7-8, the slow descending device 40 includes a first speed reducing mechanism 410 for slowly descending the pipe 10, a slow descending mechanism for providing resistance to slow descending of the pipe 10, and the slow ascending device 50 includes a slow ascending transmission mechanism 510 for providing power to lift the pipe 10, and a second speed reducing mechanism 520 for transmitting power to lift the pipe 10, when the pipe 10 is lifted, the slow ascending transmission mechanism 510 is operated to provide power to lift the pipe 10, when the pipe 10 is slowly descended, the pipe 10 is placed on the sliding mechanism 640 of the low sliding mechanism 60 and slides downwards along the guiding direction of the sliding rod 610 under the gravity of the pipe 10, and during the sliding of the pipe 10, the slow descending mechanism can suppress the sliding speed of the pipe 10 so as to achieve the purpose of slowly descending the pipe 10.

The first speed reducing mechanism 410 and the second speed reducing mechanism 520 have the same structure and comprise speed reducing units, when the pipe 10 is lifted, the slowly lifting transmission mechanism 510 is controlled, the slowly lifting transmission mechanism 510 can transmit power to the speed reducing units, the speed reducing units can drive the connecting shafts to rotate and drive the rope drums sleeved on the connecting shafts to rotate, the rotation of the rope drums drives the slowly lifting ropes to contract, the slowly lifting ropes move to drive the rope tying mechanisms 630 of the bolt slowly lifting ropes to move and drive the sliding mechanisms 640 to upwards slide along the guide direction of the sliding rods 610, and the sliding mechanisms 640 upwards slide in the process of driving the pipe 10 arranged on the sliding mechanisms 640 to upwards move and complete lifting and loading of the pipe 10.

As shown in fig. 17 to 21, the slowly-rising transmission mechanism 510 includes a transmission member for transmitting power to slowly rise of the pipe 10, a power supply assembly for providing power to the transmission member, and a protective shell 511 for protecting the transmission member, the protective shell 511 is fixedly mounted on the sliding rod 610 through a fastener, the transmission member is disposed in the protective shell 511, the power supply assembly is connected to the protective shell 511, the transmission member is a planetary gear reduction mechanism, the planetary gear reduction mechanism includes an inner gear ring 512 nested in the protective shell 511, a sun gear 513 disposed at the center of the inner gear ring 512 and coaxially disposed with the inner gear ring 512, and a planet gear 514 disposed between the sun gear 513 and the inner gear ring 512, the planet gear 514 is provided with three parts and engaged with the sun gear 513 and the inner gear ring 512, the power supply assembly includes a handle 516 for a worker to hold, a handle 516, a power supply assembly for supplying power to the worker, The power supply shaft 517 is coaxially arranged with the sun gear 513 and can rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft 517, one end of the power supply shaft 517 is connected with the handle 516, the other end of the power supply shaft 517 is connected with an intermediate shaft, the power supply shaft 517 can be connected with or separated from the intermediate shaft, the sun gear 513 and the intermediate shaft are coaxially arranged and are fixedly connected with a mandrel coaxial with the sun gear 513, when the handle 516 is rotated, the power supply shaft 517 can rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft and drive the sun gear 513 to rotate, and the inner gear ring 512 is nested in the protective shell 511, so that the inner gear ring 512 cannot rotate, and the planet gear 514 rotates around the sun gear 513.

Since the planetary gear reduction mechanism is used for transmitting power to the second reduction mechanism 520, after the sun gear 513 drives the planetary gear 514 to rotate, the planetary gear 514 needs to transmit the power to the second reduction mechanism 520, and therefore a central shaft 515 which is coaxially arranged with the sun gear 513 and used for transmitting the power is arranged between the planetary gear 514 and the second reduction mechanism 520.

As shown in fig. 22, one end of the central shaft 515 is provided with a turntable, the other end of the central shaft 515 is connected to the second speed reduction mechanism 520, the center of the turntable is movably connected to the central shaft of the sun gear 513, and more preferably, the surface of the turntable is provided with a limiting column 515a for mounting the planet gear 514, the limiting column 515a is matched with the planet gear 514, after the sun gear 513 drives the planet gear 514 to rotate, the planet gear 514 can drive the turntable to rotate so as to drive the central shaft 515 to rotate around its own axis, and the rotation of the central shaft 515 can transmit power to the second speed reduction mechanism 520.

When the staff holds the handle 516 and the application of force makes the handle 516 drive the power supply axle 517 rotate, because the uneven application of force of staff easily causes the power supply axle 517 to appear rocking phenomenon at the pivoted in-process, thereby cause the central axis of power supply axle 517 and the central axis of sun gear 513 to take place to deviate, make the power can not be stable provide drive member, cause the deformation or the fracture of power supply axle 517 easily when the application of force is great, not only cause the damage of equipment, cause equipment can not normally work simultaneously, the fixed component that sets up on power supply axle 517 can avoid power supply axle 517 to take place to rock.

As shown in fig. 20, the fixing element includes a fixing frame 518 sleeved outside the force supplying shaft 517, and a clamping disc 519 fixedly connected with the protective shell 511 and used for covering the cavity of the protective shell 511, one end of the fixing frame 518 in the length direction is fixed on the clamping disc 519, and the other end is movably sleeved outside the force supplying shaft 517, when a worker holds the handle 516 and applies force to make the handle 516 drive the force supplying shaft 517 to rotate, the fixing frame 518 can restrict the shaking of the force supplying shaft 517, and it is ensured that the force supplying shaft 517 and the sun gear 513 are coaxially arranged, so that the force supplying assembly can stably supply power to the transmission member.

Because the equipment is operated manually when loading the pipe 10, a worker needs to manually operate the slow lifting transmission mechanism 510 to provide power for lifting the pipe 10, during the manual operation, the worker can generate fatigue state, and at this time, continuous power can not be provided for lifting the pipe 10, at this time, due to the self-gravity action of the pipe 10, the pipe 10 can slide downwards along the guiding direction of the sliding rod 610 and drive the sliding mechanism 640 to move downwards, the sliding mechanism 640 moves downwards to move the tether mechanism 630 connected therewith downwards, the tether mechanism 630 extends the slow lifting rope after moving downwards, the slow lifting rope drives the rope winding drum to rotate and drives the rotating shaft to rotate during the extending process, the rotating shaft drives the second speed reducing mechanism 520 to rotate so as to drive the slow lifting transmission mechanism 510 to rotate, after the pipe 10 slides downwards, the worker needs to apply force again to lift the pipe 10, and during the process, a large amount of physical strength of the worker is consumed, meanwhile, the work efficiency is reduced, and for this reason, the slow-lifting transmission mechanism 510 is unidirectionally locked by the unidirectional locking mechanism 530 arranged on the slow-lifting transmission mechanism 510, so that the pipe fitting 10 can be prevented from sliding downwards.

As shown in fig. 18, the one-way locking mechanism 530 includes a locking member and a locking ratchet wheel, the locking ratchet wheel is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the intermediate shaft and is close to the sun gear 513, the locking ratchet wheel can synchronously rotate along with the force supply shaft 517, and the clockwise rotation direction of the locking ratchet wheel is the rotation direction when the pipe 10 is lifted, the locking member is disposed on the protective shell 511, the locking member includes a locking block 531 engaged with the locking ratchet wheel, when the locking block 531 is engaged with the locking ratchet wheel, the locking ratchet wheel can only rotate clockwise in one way, when the pipe 10 is lifted, a worker manually operates the slow-lifting transmission mechanism 510 to generate fatigue state and cannot provide continuous power for lifting of the pipe 10, because the locking ratchet wheel cannot rotate counterclockwise after being engaged with the locking block 531, the pipe 10 cannot slide down, and after the worker continues to apply force, the tubular 10 will continue to be lifted until it is lifted onto the car 20.

More specifically, the above-mentioned one-way locking mechanism 530 includes a separated state and a locked state, and the separated state and the locked state are switched to each other to complete slow descending and lifting of the pipe 10.

As shown in fig. 19, the locking member further includes a locking disk 535 for mounting the locking block 531, a pull rod 534 for pulling the locking block 531 to disengage from the locking ratchet, the locking disk 535 is nested in the protecting shell 511 and is close to the locking ratchet, a stopper 535a for preventing the locking block 531 from disengaging from the locking disk 535, and a touching block 535b for touching the stopper 535a are disposed on the disk surface of the locking disk 535, the stopper 535a is disposed at the edge of the locking disk 535, a through hole for the pull rod 534 to pass through is disposed on the stopper 535a, an opening for passing the locking block 531 is disposed on the touching block 535b, so that the locking block 531 will not deviate with the rotation of the locking ratchet and can only move towards the direction of approaching or departing the locking ratchet, a guide rod 532 is disposed between the stopper 535a and the touching block 535b, and the guiding direction of the guiding rod 532 points to the center of the locking ratchet, two guiding rods 532 are provided, the locking block 531 is sleeved outside the guiding rod 532 and is positioned between the limiting block 535a and the touch block 535b, the guiding rod 532 is sleeved with an elastic member 533 between the locking block 531 and the limiting block 535a, preferably, the elastic member 533 is a return spring, one end of the return spring abuts against the locking block 531, the other end of the return spring abuts against the limiting block 535a, the elastic force of the return spring can enable the locking block 531 to move towards the direction close to the locking ratchet, when the pulling rod 534 is pulled to enable the locking block 531 to be separated from the locking ratchet, the locking block 531 moves towards the direction far away from the locking ratchet along the guiding direction of the guiding rod 532, the return spring is in a compressed state, after the pulling rod 534 is loosened, the elastic force of the return spring enables the locking block 531 to move towards the direction close to the locking ratchet along the, the locking piece 531 is again engaged with the locking ratchet.

More specifically, foretell latch segment 531 includes meshing section and linkage segment, the meshing section pass opening and locking ratchet meshing on the touch block 535b, the linkage segment cup joints on guide bar 532 and contradicts with touch block 535b, can strengthen latch segment 531 meshing section and locking ratchet's meshing intensity after the linkage segment of latch segment 531 contradicts with touch block 535b, be favorable to carrying out one-way locking to slowly rising drive mechanism 510 to can not cause slowly rising drive mechanism 510 to appear reversal phenomenon when promoting pipe fitting 10.

More specifically, in order to facilitate the worker to pull the pull rod 534, a pull rope for pulling the pull rod 534 is tied to the pull rod 534.

Preferably, the side wall of the protective shell 511 is provided with an avoiding hole 511a for the pull rod 534 to pass through and a clamping groove 511b for the locking plate 535 to be fixed in a nesting manner.

When the pipe 10 is unloaded and slowly lowered, the one-way locking mechanism 530 is switched from the locking state to the releasing state, in the process, the worker continuously pulls the pull wire to separate the locking block 531 from the locking ratchet, the pipe 10 slides downwards along the guiding direction of the sliding rod 610 under the action of the self gravity, the pipe 10 transmits the self gravity to the speed reducing unit, the speed reducing unit transmits the power to the slow lowering mechanism, and then the slow lowering mechanism feeds the power back to the speed reducing unit so as to inhibit the sliding speed of the pipe 10.

As shown in fig. 7 and 10-14, the decelerating unit includes a decelerating member, and an installation position-limiting member for installing the decelerating member, the installation position-limiting member includes a mounting plate 480 fixed on the sliding rod 610 and near the clamping mechanism 30, and a position-limiting housing 490 mounted on the mounting plate 480 and used for limiting the decelerating member, preferably, two position-limiting housings 490 are provided, one position-limiting housing 490 is movably mounted on the plate surface of the mounting plate 480 and is a movable position-limiting housing, the movable position-limiting housing can slide along the plate surface of the mounting plate 480, the other position-limiting housing 490 is fixedly mounted on the plate surface of the mounting plate 480 and is a fixed position-limiting housing, the decelerating member includes a power input part, an intermediate transmission part, a power output part, and a power transmission part, the power input part transmits power to the intermediate transmission part, and then transmits power from the intermediate transmission part to the power output part, and then the power is transmitted to the slow descending mechanism by a power output part.

More perfect, be provided with the installation direction subassembly that is used for installing the direction to the spacing casing of activity on the face of foretell mounting panel 480, installation direction subassembly be provided with two and be located the one end of the vertical direction of mounting panel 480 respectively, installation direction subassembly including be used for carrying out the connecting seat 481 of installing to the spacing casing of activity, be used for the guide block 482 that the spacing casing of activity slided and leads, guide block 482 be long strip and level and set up on the face of mounting panel 480, the direction of guide block 482 is on a parallel with the length direction of guide block 482, connecting seat 481 be close to the border of the vertical direction of mounting panel 480 and be close to the one end of guide block 482 length direction.

More specifically, the power input component is a first helical gear 411, the intermediate transmission component includes a second helical gear 412 and a third helical gear 414, the power output component is a fourth helical gear 415, the power transmission component includes a first rotating shaft 413 and a second rotating shaft 416, the central axis of the first rotating shaft 413 is perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting shaft, the central axis of the second rotating shaft 416 is arranged along the horizontal direction and is parallel to the central axis of the connecting shaft, the first helical gear 411 is coaxially sleeved on the input end of the connecting shaft and can rotate around the axis of the first helical gear, the second helical gear 412 and the third helical gear 414 are coaxial and are sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 413 at intervals, the second helical gear 412 is meshed with the first helical gear 411, the second helical gear 412 is disposed above the first helical gear 411, the fourth helical gear 415 is coaxially sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 416 and is meshed with the third helical gear 414, the first helical gear 411 and the second helical gear 412 are mounted on the movable limiting shell, the third helical gear 414 and the fourth helical gear 415 are mounted on the fixed limiting shell, the rotation of the connecting shaft can drive the first helical gear 411 to rotate, the first helical gear 411 rotates to drive the second helical gear 412 to rotate, the second helical gear 412 rotates to drive the first rotating shaft 413 to synchronously rotate and drive the third helical gear 414 to synchronously rotate, the third helical gear 414 rotates to drive the fourth helical gear 415 to rotate and drive the second rotating shaft 416 to synchronously rotate, and the second rotating shaft 416 rotates to transmit power to the descent control mechanism.

More specifically, the third helical gear 414 is connected to the output end of the first rotating shaft 413 by an interlocking member, and when the first rotating shaft 413 is displaced in the self-axial direction, the second helical gear can continuously output power to the first rotating shaft through the interlocking member, and preferably, the interlocking member is an external spline provided on the first rotating shaft or an internal spline provided on the third helical gear 414.

As shown in fig. 11 to 12, the limiting housing 490 is a rectangular housing, the limiting housing 490 is provided with an installation groove 494 for installing the first helical gear 411/the fourth helical gear 415, an accommodation groove 493 for installing the second helical gear 413/the third helical gear 415, and a limiting groove 492 for guiding and limiting the first rotating shaft 413, the installation groove 494 is matched with the first helical gear 411/the fourth helical gear 415, the accommodation groove 493 is matched with the second helical gear 413/the third helical gear 415, the limiting groove 492 is matched with the first rotating shaft 413, the limiting groove 492 of the movable limiting housing is provided with a slot 491 matched with a protruding section at one end of the first rotating shaft 413 where the second helical gear 412 is installed, the movable limiting housing is further provided with a guiding groove 491 matched with the guiding block 482 on the installation plate 480, and the movable limiting housing can slide along the guiding direction of the guiding block 482 and drive the first rotating shaft 413, The first bevel gear 411 and the second bevel gear 412 slide, a connecting seat a which is arranged opposite to the connecting seat 481 and forms a connection relation with the connecting seat 481 is further arranged on the groove wall of the guide groove 491, the connecting seat a is close to one end of the guide groove 491 in the length direction and is far away from the connecting seat 481, a guide connecting rod is arranged between the connecting seat 481 and the connecting seat a, a spring is sleeved outside the guide connecting rod, one end of the spring is abutted against the connecting seat 481, the other end of the spring is abutted against the connecting seat a, and the elastic force of the spring can enable the movable limiting shell to slide towards the direction close to/far away from the.

More specifically, the guide block 482 is provided with a blocking piece for covering the guide groove 491, and the blocking piece can prevent the movable limiting shell from separating from the mounting plate 480 in the sliding process.

The central shaft 515 is connected to the second rotating shaft 416 of the reduction unit of the second reduction mechanism 520, and the first bevel gear 411 of the reduction unit of the second reduction mechanism 520 and the first bevel gear 411 of the reduction unit of the first reduction mechanism 410 are disposed at one end of the connecting shaft.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the slow descending mechanism includes a slow descending device 420, an oil supply system for supplying oil to the slow descending device, and a protective casing sleeved outside the slow descending device 420 and used for protecting the slow descending device 420, the protective casing is fixedly mounted on the sliding rod 610 through a fastener, the slow descending device 420 includes a cylinder 421, a plunger 422, and a swash plate 423, the cylinder 421 is provided with four cylinders, which are a cylinder one, a cylinder two, a cylinder three, and a cylinder four, respectively, the swash plate 423 is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 416 and can rotate around its own axis, when the pipe 10 is slowly descended, the gravity of the pipe 10 rotates the rope winding drum and drives the connecting shaft to rotate, the rotation of the connecting shaft transmits power to the first speed reducing mechanism 410 and drives the second rotating shaft 416 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 416 drives the swash plate 423 to rotate, the plunger 422 is pushed to move during the rotation of the swash plate 423, the plunger 422 moves and pushes hydraulic oil in the cylinder 421 to flow through the oil supply system, when the oil supply system is blocked, the pushing of the hydraulic oil is blocked, and the rotating speed of the swash plate 423 is reduced, because the swash plate 423 and the second rotating shaft 416 rotate synchronously, the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 416 is reduced, the power transmitted by the first speed reducing mechanism 410 is small, the rotating speed of the connecting shaft is reduced, the rotating speed of the rope winding drum is reduced, and the rotating speed of the rope winding drum is reduced to enable the slow descending rope to slowly descend the pipe fitting 10.

The oil supply system comprises a first network pipe 430, a second network pipe 440, a first control valve 450 and an oil filling port 470, wherein one end of the oil filling port 470 is communicated with the first network pipe 430, the other end of the oil filling port 470 is communicated with the second network pipe 440, a second control valve 460 used for controlling the first network pipe 430 to be communicated and disconnected is arranged between the oil filling port 470 and the interface of the first network pipe 430, and the first control valve 450 is arranged on the second network pipe 440 and used for controlling the second network pipe 440 to be communicated and disconnected.

As shown in fig. 10, the first control valve 450 and the second control valve 460 have the same structure and each include a flow control mechanism, two flow control mechanisms are arranged side by side and are respectively a first flow control mechanism and a second flow control mechanism, and the flow control mechanism includes a cylindrical valve spool 461 with a through hole, a knob 462 for controlling the valve spool 461 to be turned on and off, and a housing 463 sleeved outside the valve spool 461 and used for fluid to enter.

Since the flow control mechanism is provided in two in parallel, the oil filler 470 is provided in two, and the oil filler 470 includes an oil filler a communicating with the first flow control mechanism and an oil filler b communicating with the second flow control mechanism.

As shown in fig. 9, the first mesh pipe 430 includes a first three-way pipe 431, a second three-way pipe 432, a first communicating pipe 433, a second communicating pipe 434, a third communicating pipe 435, and a fourth communicating pipe 436, the second mesh pipe 440 includes a fifth communicating pipe 441, a sixth communicating pipe 442, a third three-way pipe 443, a fourth three-way pipe 444, a seventh communicating pipe 445, an eighth communicating pipe 446, a ninth communicating pipe 447, and a tenth communicating pipe 448, the first three-way pipe 431 is communicated with the first flow control mechanism of the second control valve 460, the second three-way pipe 432 is communicated with the second flow control mechanism of the second control valve 460, one end of the first communicating pipe 433 is communicated with the first three-way pipe 431, the other end is communicated with the first flow control mechanism of the first control valve 450, one end of the second communicating pipe 434 is communicated with the second three-way pipe 432, the other end of the second communicating pipe is communicated with the second flow control mechanism of, one end of a communication pipe IV 436 is communicated with a tee pipe II 432, the other end of the communication pipe IV is communicated with a cylinder body II, one end of a communication pipe V441 is communicated with an oil filling port 470, the other end of the communication pipe V is communicated with a tee pipe IV 444, one end of a communication pipe VI 442 is communicated with the oil filling port 470, the other end of the communication pipe VI is communicated with a tee pipe III 443, one end of a communication pipe VII is communicated with the tee pipe III 443, the other end of the communication pipe VII is communicated with a flow control mechanism I of a control valve I450, one end of a communication pipe VII 446 is communicated with the tee pipe IV 444, the other end of the communication pipe VII is communicated with the flow control mechanism II of the control valve I450, one end of a communication pipe VII is communicated with the tee pipe III 443, the other end of the communication pipe VII is communicated with the cylinder body III, one end of the communication pipe XII is communicated with the tee, The cylinder 421 can form a closed loop, and the second network pipe 440, the oil filling port 470 and the cylinder 421 can also form a closed loop, so that when the first control valve 450/the second control valve 460 are in a connected state, the slow descending mechanism can work normally.

More specifically, when the pipe 10 is being unloaded, the first control valve 450 is in the on state and acts as a main control valve, and the second control valve 460 is in the off state and acts as a backup control valve.

When the main control valve is in an open state and the standby control valve is in a closed state, hydraulic oil in the cylinder body I and the cylinder body II contracts, the space of the cylinder body I and the cylinder body II is reduced, the space of the cylinder body III and the cylinder body IV is increased, the hydraulic oil flows to the three-way pipe I431 through the three-way pipe III 435, the hydraulic oil flows to the first communication pipe 433 through the three-way pipe I431 and further flows to the main control valve, flows to the seven communicating pipe 445 through the first flow control mechanism of the main control valve and then flows to the three-way pipe III 443 through the seven communicating pipe 445, the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder body III through the three-way pipe III 443 because the standby control valve is in a closed state, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body II flows to the two three-way pipe 432 through the four communicating pipes 436, and the hydraulic oil flows to the two 434 through the two communicating pipe 434 and further flows to the, then the two flows of the hydraulic oil flow are led to the eight communicating pipes 446 through the flow control mechanism of the main control valve, and then the two flows of the hydraulic oil flow are led to the four three-way pipes 444 through the eight communicating pipes 446, the standby control valve is in a closed state, the hydraulic oil enters the four cylinder bodies through the four three-way pipes 444, the slow descending mechanism works normally, and the flow of the hydraulic oil is small at the moment, so the deceleration performance is good; when the main control valve and the standby control valve are both in an open state, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body I flows to the three-way pipe I431 through the communication pipe III 435, because the standby control valve is in a connection state, the hydraulic oil flows to the communication pipe I433 and the standby control valve through the three-way pipe I431, flows to the main control valve through the hydraulic oil in the communication pipe I433, flows to the communication pipe VII 445 through the flow control mechanism I of the main control valve, then flows to the three-way pipe III 443 through the communication pipe VII, because the standby control valve is in a connection state, the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder body III through the three-way pipe III 443, flows to the communication pipe VI 442 through the flow control mechanism I of the standby control valve, flows to the communication pipe IX 447 through the three-way pipe 443, then enters the cylinder body III, flows to the three-way pipe II 432 through the communication pipe IV 436, because the standby control valve, the hydraulic oil flows into the communicating pipe two 434 and the standby control valve through the three-way pipe two 432, flows into the main control valve through the communicating pipe two 434, then flows to the communicating pipe eight 446 through the flow control mechanism of the main control valve, then flows to the three-way pipe four 444 through the communicating pipe eight 446, the hydraulic oil enters the cylinder body four through the three-way pipe four 444, the hydraulic oil flowing into the standby control valve flows to the communicating pipe five 441 through the flow control mechanism of the standby control valve, then flows to the three-way pipe four 444 through the communicating pipe five 441, the hydraulic oil enters the communicating pipe ten 448 through the three-way pipe four 444 and flows to the cylinder body four, and the flow of the hydraulic oil is large at the moment, so.

As shown in fig. 15, a pulling and holding assembly is disposed between an end of an output end of the first rotating shaft 413 and a valve element 461 of the first control valve 450, the pulling and holding assembly includes a connecting sleeve 417 rotatably sleeved on the end of the output end of the first rotating shaft 413, a connecting rod 418 connected with the connecting sleeve 417, and a swing link 419 connected with the connecting rod 418, one end of the swing link 419 is connected with the valve element 461 of the first control valve 450, the other end of the swing link 418 is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 418, the other end of the connecting rod 418 is hinged with the connecting sleeve 417, a core line of the hinge shaft is perpendicular to a sliding direction of the movable limiting housing, the movable limiting housing can drive the first rotating shaft 413 to move away from the first control valve 450 when sliding in a direction of the guide block 482 away from the fixed limiting housing, and a rotating force of the first rotating shaft 413 is not transmitted to the connecting sleeve 417 due to the, the axial movement of the first rotating shaft 413 drives the connecting rod 418 to move and drives the swing rod 419 to swing, the swing rod 419 drives the valve element 461 to rotate in the swinging process, and the connection area of the through hole of the valve element 461 is reduced in the rotating process of the valve element 461.

When the pipe fitting 10 is unloaded, the above-mentioned one-way locking mechanism 530 is in a locking state, the connecting shaft and the rope winding drum do not rotate, the pipe fitting 10 on the carriage 20 is slightly pushed to make the pipe fitting 10 slide onto the two sliding rods 610 and the pipe fitting 10 is in contact with the sliding mechanism 640, due to the gravity action of the pipe fitting 10, the sliding mechanism 640 makes the sliding mechanism 640 slide down along the guiding direction of the sliding rods 610, and the sliding mechanism 640 drives the connecting shaft to move, the connecting shaft moves to drive the movable limiting shell to slide along the guiding direction of the guiding block 482 to a direction away from the fixed limiting shell, the sliding of the movable limiting shell drives the connecting rod 418 to move and drive the swing rod 419 to swing, the valve core 461 is driven to rotate in the swinging process of the swing rod 419, the connection area of the through hole of the valve core 461 decreases in the rotating process of the valve core 461, at this time, the worker pulls the pulling rope to, during the sliding process of the pipe 10, the sliding mechanism 640 extends the slow descending rope and drives the rope winding drum to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft rotates to transmit power to the first speed reducing mechanism 410, the rotation of the second rotating shaft 416 on the first speed reducing mechanism 410 transmits power to the slow descending device 420 of the slow descending mechanism, as the communication area of the through hole of the valve element 461 is reduced, the flow rate of oil is reduced, the frequency of the hydraulic pressure generated in the cylinder 421 is reduced and the reciprocating motion of the plunger 422 is pushed to be reduced, so as to reduce the reciprocating motion frequency of the swash plate 423, the power transmitted by the swash plate 423 to the second rotating shaft 416 is reduced, the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 416 is reduced, the power transmitted by the first speed reducing mechanism 410 is reduced and the rotation speed of the connecting shaft is reduced, the rotation speed of the rope winding drum is reduced, and the extension speed of the slow descending rope is, thereby reducing the sliding speed of the sliding mechanism 640 and the sliding speed of the pipe 10, and achieving the purpose of slowly descending the pipe 10.

More specifically, when the mass of the pipe 10 is large, the distance that the movable limiting housing slides in the direction away from the fixed limiting housing along the guiding direction of the guide block 482 is large, the sliding of the movable limiting housing drives the connecting rod 418 to move and drives the swing rod 419 to swing at a large angle, the swing rod 419 swings at a large angle to rotate the valve element 461 at a large angle, the valve element 461 of the first control valve 450 is in a closed state, the slow descending mechanism cannot work, and slow descending of the pipe 10 cannot be completed, at this time, a worker rotates the knob 462 on the valve element 461 of the second control valve 460 to enable the second control valve 460 to be in a connected state, and the slow descending mechanism will work normally.

the mounting process;

s1, a clamping mechanism 30 is clamped at the discharging end of a carriage 20, one end of a low-position sliding mechanism 60 in the length direction is connected with the clamping mechanism 30, the other end of the low-position sliding mechanism 60 extends to the ground, when the clamping mechanism 30 is installed, an opening of a clamping frame 310 is matched with the discharging end of the carriage 20, the top of the discharging end of the carriage 20 is in contact with the top of the opening of the clamping frame 310, at the moment, a bolt is rotated, the upward large face of a clamping plate 320 is enabled to generate contact pressure with the bottom of the discharging end of the carriage 20, and the top of the discharging end of the carriage 20 is enabled to generate contact pressure with the top of the opening of the clamping frame 310;

s2, winding the slow descending rope on a rope winding groove of a rope winding drum, and smoothly tying the slow descending rope to a hook 632c of the rope tying mechanism 630 after being guided by the rope winding groove;

(II) unloading the pipe 10;

s3. the pipe 10 is conveyed to the horizontal plate of the carriage 20 by an operator or a mechanical device, and the axis of the pipe 10 is perpendicular to the vertical plate, pushing the pipe 10 and moving the pipe 10 toward the direction of the low glide mechanism 60, when the pipe 10 moves behind the discharge end of the car 20, against the skid 640 of the lower skid 60, the descent control rope is in tension, due to the gravity of the pipe 10, the pipe 10 slides down the sliding mechanism 640 along the guiding direction of the sliding rod 610, the sliding mechanism 640 drives the connecting shaft to move, the connecting shaft moves to drive the movable limiting shell to slide in a direction away from the fixed limiting shell along the guiding direction of the guiding block 482, the sliding of the movable limiting shell drives the connecting rod 418 to move and drives the swing rod 419 to swing, the swing rod 419 drives the valve element 461 to rotate in the swinging process, and the connection area of the through hole of the valve element 461 is reduced in the rotating process of the valve element 461;

s4, the worker pulls the pull rope to separate the locking block 531 from the locking ratchet wheel, the one-way locking mechanism 530 is switched from the locking state to the separating state, when the pipe 10 slides downwards, the sliding mechanism 640 extends the slow descending rope and drives the rope winding drum to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft rotates to transmit power to the first speed reducing mechanism 410, the rotation of the second rotating shaft 416 on the first speed reducing mechanism 410 transmits power to the slow descending device 420 of the slow descending mechanism, the flow of oil is reduced due to the reduction of the connection area of the through hole of the valve core 461, the frequency of reciprocating motion of the swash plate 423 is reduced due to the small hydraulic pressure generated in the cylinder body 421, the power transmitted by the swash plate 423 to the second rotating shaft 416 is reduced, the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 416 is reduced, the power transmitted by the first speed reducing mechanism 410 is reduced and the rotating speed, the rotation speed of the connecting shaft is reduced, so that the rotation speed of the rope winding drum is reduced, the extension speed of the slow descending rope is reduced, the sliding speed of the sliding mechanism 640 is reduced, the sliding speed of the pipe fitting 10 is reduced, and the purpose of slow descending of the pipe fitting 10 is achieved;

s5, during the slow rotation of the rope winding drum, the slow descending rope inhibits the fast sliding of the pipe 10, so that the pipe 10 slowly slides to the bottom of the sliding rod 610 and the gravity of the pipe 10 rotates the slow descending plate 641b in the counterclockwise direction, during the rotation of the slow descending plate 641b, the locking mechanism 643 is switched from the triggered state to the locked state, the pushing block 642b on the sliding rack 642 collides with the triggering segment of the triggering block 643a and moves the triggering block 643a in the direction approaching the slow descending plate 641b, the bump on the slow descending plate 641b collides with the locking block 643b on the locking mechanism 643 and moves the locking block b in the direction departing from the slow descending plate 641b along the guiding direction of the slow descending plate 643b, and the locking spring 643c is in the compressed state, when the slow descending plate 641b continues to rotate, the bump on the slow descending plate 641b moves below the locking block 643b, at this time, the locking spring 643c releases the elastic potential energy and moves the locking block 643b in the direction approaching the slow descending plate 641b, the slow descending plate 641b is locked, and at this time, the pipe 10 can slide down to the ground through the slow descending plate 641b, so that the pipe 10 can be safely and slowly descended to the ground;

(III) loading process of the pipe 10;

s6, an operator or mechanical equipment conveys the pipe 10 to the bottom of the low-position sliding mechanism 60 and is positioned on the slow descending plate 641b, the axis of the pipe 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding rod 610, and then a slow descending rope is tied down; when a worker holds the handle 516 and applies force to enable the handle 516 to drive the force supply shaft 517 to rotate, the force supply shaft 517 can rotate around the axis of the force supply shaft and drive the sun wheel 513 to rotate, the inner gear ring 512 is nested in the protective shell 511, so the inner gear ring 512 cannot rotate, the planet wheel 514 rotates around the sun wheel 513, the planet wheel 514 can drive the turntable to rotate so as to drive the central shaft 515 to rotate around the axis of the force supply shaft, the rotation of the central shaft 515 can transmit power to the second speed reducing mechanism 520, the second speed reducing mechanism 520 transmits power to the connecting shaft and drives the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft rotates to drive the rope winding groove to rotate around the axis of the force supply shaft, and the rope winding groove rotates around the axis of the force supply shaft to enable the slow descending rope to contract and pull the sliding mechanism 640;

s7, the pushing block 642b on the sliding frame 642 is disengaged from the triggering section of the triggering block 643a, the elastic force of the return spring 643d causes the triggering block 643a to move in a direction away from the slow descending plate 641b and drives the locking block 643b to move, at this time, the locking block 643b is disengaged from the protrusion on the slow descending plate 641b and releases the locking of the slow descending plate 641b, the free end of the transmission plate 641d is separated from the abutting section of the sliding rod 610 and the transmission plate 641d moves in a direction approaching the abutting section of the sliding rod 610 along the guiding direction of the guiding slot 642a disposed on the sliding frame 642 during the separation process, the movement of the transmission plate 641d drives the swing rod 641e to move and drive the pawl 641c to rotate in a direction approaching the ratchet 641a around the core line of the hinge shaft, so that the pawl 641c engages with the ratchet 641a, the elastic force of the scroll spring causes the slow descending plate b to rotate in a clockwise direction when supporting the pipe 10 and causes the ratchet 641a to rotate synchronously with the, when the elastic potential energy of the scroll spring is completely converted into power potential energy, the slow descending plate 641b and the ratchet 641a stop rotating, the slow descending plate 641b which stops rotating slides upwards along the sliding frame 642 to perform a secondary protection function on the pipe 10, the slow descending rope pulls the pipe 10 to continue sliding upwards along the length direction of the sliding rod 610, and when the pipe 10 moves to the discharging end of the carriage 20, an operator or mechanical equipment moves the pipe 10 into the loading carriage 20.

Claims

1. The safe slow-descending loading and unloading method applied to the cement pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the mounting process;

s1, a clamping mechanism is clamped at the discharging end of a carriage, the clamping mechanism is connected to one end of the low-position sliding mechanism in the length direction, the other end of the low-position sliding mechanism extends to the ground, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping frame, a clamping plate and a connector used for connecting the low-position sliding mechanism, an opening used for clamping the discharging end of the carriage is formed in the clamping frame, a clamping hole is formed in the inner wall of the opening, the clamping plate is arranged above the clamping hole, the large face of the clamping plate is perpendicular to the height direction of the opening, the upward large face of the clamping plate is a clamping face, a bolt is installed on the inner wall of the opening, one end of the bolt is matched with the clamping hole, the other end of the bolt is connected with the clamping plate, the interval between the clamping face of the clamping plate and the inner wall of the clamping frame can be adjusted in the process of rotating the bolt, when the clamping mechanism is installed, the opening of the, at the moment, the bolt is rotated, the upward large surface of the clamping plate is enabled to generate contact pressure with the bottom of the discharging end of the carriage, and the top of the discharging end of the carriage is enabled to generate contact pressure with the top of the opening of the clamping frame;

s2, the low-position sliding mechanism is provided with a slow descending device for providing power for slow conveying of the pipe fitting and a slow ascending device for conveying the pipe fitting from a low position to a high position, and the slow descending rope is wound on a rope winding groove of the rope winding drum and is smoothly tied to a hook of the rope tying mechanism after being guided by the rope winding groove;

(II) unloading the pipe fitting;

s3, the carriage comprises a placing plate for placing the pipe fittings, the placing plate comprises a horizontal plate and two vertical plates, the two vertical plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the horizontal plate in the length direction, the vertical plates extend upwards along the height direction, the pipe fittings are arranged on the horizontal plate, the central axes of the pipe fittings are perpendicular to the vertical plates, the pipe fittings are conveyed to the horizontal plate of the carriage by an operator or mechanical equipment, the axial axes of the pipe fittings are perpendicular to the vertical plates, and the pipe fittings are pushed and move towards the direction of the low-position sliding mechanism;

the low-position sliding mechanism comprises two parallel sliding rods, one end of each sliding rod in the length direction is hinged to a connector of the clamping mechanism, a hinge shaft core line is arranged in the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the length direction of each sliding rod, the other end of each sliding rod in the length direction extends to the ground, the slow-falling device is arranged on one sliding rod and is close to the end part of the clamping mechanism, the slow-rising device is arranged on the other sliding rod and is close to the end part of the clamping mechanism, the slow-falling device and the slow-rising device are oppositely arranged and are connected through a connecting shaft, the central axis of the connecting shaft is perpendicular to the sliding direction of a pipe fitting, rope winding drums are sleeved at two ends of the connecting shaft respectively, and rope winding grooves for winding the slow-falling ropes are formed in the rope winding drums;

a rope tying mechanism and a sliding mechanism are arranged between the two sliding rods;

the rope tying mechanism comprises rope tying rods which are arranged between the two sliding rods and are mutually vertical to the sliding rods, sliding grooves are arranged along the length direction of the sliding rods, the guiding direction of the sliding grooves is parallel to the length direction of the sliding rods, rope tying devices which are used for tying slow descending ropes and are vertical to the sliding rods in the central axis direction are arranged at the two ends of each rope tying rod, each rope tying device comprises a connecting column which is fixedly connected to the sliding mechanism and is connected with one end of each rope tying rod, a lantern ring which is sleeved outside the connecting column, and a hook which is connected with the lantern ring and is used for tying the slow descending ropes;

the sliding rod comprises a sliding section and a collision section, the collision section is close to the ground, a protruding collision wall is arranged at one end, close to the sliding section, of the collision section, a mounting hole is formed in the collision section of the sliding rod and close to the collision wall, and the hole depth direction of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding rod; the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding frame which forms sliding guide fit with a sliding chute on the sliding rod, a ratchet mechanism arranged on the sliding frame, and a locking mechanism arranged in a mounting hole on the sliding rod, and the sliding frame is connected with the rope tying device;

the ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a swing rod, a slow descending plate and a transmission plate, wherein the ratchet wheel is arranged on the sliding frame, the central axis of the ratchet wheel is vertical to the sliding rod, the pawl is matched with the ratchet wheel, the slow descending plate is used for providing supporting force for a pipe fitting and synchronously rotates with the ratchet wheel, the transmission plate is used for triggering the ratchet wheel to rotate, the one-way rotation direction of the ratchet wheel when the ratchet wheel is matched with the pawl is clockwise and is opposite to the rotation direction of the pipe fitting when the pipe fitting is unloaded, one end of the pawl is hinged with the sliding frame, the core line of a hinged shaft is vertical to the length direction of the transmission plate, the other end of the swing rod is inserted into the teeth of the ratchet wheel, one end of the swing rod is hinged with the pawl, the core line of the hinged shaft is vertical to the length direction of the transmission plate, the, when the pipe fitting slides along the two sliding rods, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel and the slow descending plate are in a synchronous static state, when the pipe fitting slides to a position close to the bottom of the sliding rods, the free end of the transmission plate abuts against the abutting wall of the abutting section of the sliding rods and slides along the guide groove in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the pipe fitting, the movement of the transmission plate drives the swing rod to move and drives the pawl to rotate around the hinge axis core line of the hinge shaft in a direction far away from the ratchet wheel, and a volute spiral spring is arranged at the connecting position of the slow descending plate and the ratchet wheel;

the motion state of the locking mechanism comprises a triggering state and a locking state, the slow descending plate is provided with a convex block for locking, and the convex block is positioned on the large surface facing the sliding frame, the locking mechanism comprises a trigger block, a locking spring and a return spring, the trigger block is arranged in the mounting hole on the sliding rod, the motion direction of the trigger block is vertical to the length direction of the sliding rod, the trigger block comprises a trigger section and a guide section, the guide section is provided with a guide groove, the guiding direction of the guiding groove is vertical to the length direction of the sliding rod, the locking block is arranged in the guiding groove, a locking spring vertical to the length direction of the sliding rod is arranged between the locking block and the side wall of the guiding groove, one end of the locking spring is abutted against the locking block, the other end of the locking spring is abutted against the side wall of the guiding groove, the locking mechanism also comprises return springs which are arranged on two sides of the guide section and are parallel to the guide direction of the guide section;

the slow-lifting device comprises a first speed reducing mechanism for slowly lifting the pipe fitting and a slow-lifting mechanism for providing resistance to slow lifting of the pipe fitting, the slow-lifting device comprises a slow-lifting transmission mechanism for providing power for lifting the pipe fitting and a second speed reducing mechanism for transmitting power for lifting the pipe fitting, the first speed reducing mechanism and the second speed reducing mechanism have the same structure and comprise speed reducing units, the slow-lifting transmission mechanism comprises a transmission component for transmitting power for slowly lifting the pipe fitting, a power supply component for providing power for the transmission component and a protective shell for protecting the transmission component, the protective shell is fixedly arranged on the sliding rod through a fastener, the transmission component is arranged in the protective shell, and the power supply component is connected with the protective shell; the power supply assembly comprises a handle used for being held by a worker and a power supply shaft which is coaxially arranged with the sun wheel and can rotate around the axis of the power supply shaft, one end of the power supply shaft is connected with the handle, the other end of the power supply shaft is connected with an intermediate shaft, the power supply shaft can be connected with or separated from the intermediate shaft, the sun wheel and the intermediate shaft are coaxially arranged, and the intermediate shaft is fixedly connected with a mandrel which is coaxial with the sun wheel; a central shaft which is coaxially arranged with the sun gear and used for transmitting power is arranged between the planet gear and the second speed reducing mechanism;

the slow-lifting transmission mechanism is provided with an one-way locking mechanism, the one-way locking mechanism enables the slow-lifting transmission mechanism to be locked in a one-way mode and can prevent the pipe fitting from sliding downwards, the one-way locking mechanism comprises a locking component and a locking ratchet wheel, the locking ratchet wheel is coaxially and fixedly sleeved outside the intermediate shaft and is close to the sun wheel, the locking ratchet wheel can synchronously rotate along with the force supply shaft, the clockwise rotation direction of the locking ratchet wheel is the rotation direction when the pipe fitting is lifted, the locking component is arranged on the protective shell and comprises a locking block meshed with the locking ratchet wheel;

the locking component also comprises a locking disc for installing the locking block and a pull rod for pulling the locking block to be separated from the locking ratchet wheel, the locking disc is nested in the protective shell and is close to the locking ratchet wheel, a limiting block for preventing the locking block from being separated from the locking disc and a touch block for abutting against the limiting block are arranged on the disc surface of the locking disc, the limiting block is arranged at the edge of the locking disc, a through hole for the pull rod to penetrate out is arranged on the limiting block, an opening for the locking block to pass through is arranged on the touch block, a guide rod is arranged between the limiting block and the touch block, the guide direction of the guide rod points to the center of the locking ratchet wheel, and the number of the guide rods is two, the locking block is sleeved outside the guide rod and positioned between the limiting block and the touch block, and an elastic part is sleeved on the guide rod and positioned between the locking block and the limiting block;

the locking block comprises an engaging section and a connecting section, the engaging section penetrates through an opening in the touch block to be engaged with the locking ratchet wheel, the connecting section is sleeved on the guide rod and is abutted against the touch block, a pull rope for pulling the pull rod is tied on the pull rod, and an avoiding hole for the pull rod to penetrate out and a clamping groove for nesting and fixing the locking disc are formed in the side wall of the protective shell;

the speed reducing unit comprises a speed reducing component and an installation limiting component used for installing the speed reducing component, wherein the installation limiting component comprises an installation plate which is fixed on the sliding rod and is close to the clamping mechanism, and a limiting shell which is installed on the installation plate and is used for limiting the speed reducing component, two limiting shells are arranged, one limiting shell is movably arranged on the plate surface of the mounting plate and is a movable limiting shell, the movable limiting shell can slide along the plate surface of the mounting plate, the other limiting shell is fixedly arranged on the plate surface of the mounting plate and is a fixed limiting shell, the speed reducing component comprises a power input part, an intermediate transmission part, a power output part and a power transmission part, wherein the power input part transmits power to the intermediate transmission part, then the power is transmitted to a power output part by the middle transmission part and then is transmitted to the slow descending mechanism by the power output part;

the mounting guide assembly is used for mounting and guiding the movable limiting shell, the two mounting guide assemblies are arranged at two ends of the mounting plate in the vertical direction respectively, each mounting guide assembly comprises a connecting seat used for mounting the movable limiting shell and a guide block used for guiding the movable limiting shell in a sliding manner, each guide block is in a long strip shape and is horizontally arranged on the plate surface of the mounting plate, the guide direction of each guide block is parallel to the length direction of each guide block, and the connecting seat is close to the edge of the mounting plate in the vertical direction and is close to one end of each guide block in the length direction;

the power input component is a first helical gear, the intermediate transmission component comprises a second helical gear and a third helical gear, the power output component is a fourth helical gear, the power transmission component comprises a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the central axis of the first rotating shaft is perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting shaft, the central axis of the second rotating shaft is arranged along the horizontal direction and is parallel to the central axis of the connecting shaft, the first helical gear is coaxially sleeved at the input end of the connecting shaft and can rotate around the axis of the first helical gear, the second helical gear and the third helical gear are coaxial and are sleeved outside the first rotating shaft at intervals, the second helical gear is meshed with the first helical gear, the second helical gear is arranged above the first helical gear, the fourth helical gear is coaxially sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and is meshed with the third helical gear, and the first helical gear and the second helical gear are arranged on the movable limit shell, the third helical gear and the fourth helical gear are arranged on the fixed limiting shell, the rotation of the connecting shaft can drive the first helical gear to rotate, the first helical gear drives the second helical gear to rotate, the second helical gear drives the first rotating shaft to synchronously rotate and drive the third helical gear to synchronously rotate, the third helical gear drives the fourth helical gear to rotate and drive the second rotating shaft to synchronously rotate, and the second rotating shaft rotates to transmit power to the slow descending mechanism;

the slow descending mechanism comprises a slow descending device, an oil supply system for supplying oil to the slow descending device, and a protective shell which is sleeved outside the slow descending device and used for protecting the slow descending device, the protective shell is fixedly installed on the sliding rod through a fastening piece, the slow descending device comprises a cylinder body, a plunger and a swash plate, the four cylinder bodies are respectively a cylinder body I, a cylinder body II, a cylinder body III and a cylinder body IV, and the swash plate is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and can rotate around the axis of the swash plate;

the oil supply system comprises a first network pipe, a second network pipe, a first control valve and an oil filling port, wherein one end of the oil filling port is communicated with the first network pipe, the other end of the oil filling port is communicated with the second network pipe, a second control valve for controlling the first network pipe to be communicated and disconnected is arranged between the oil filling port and an interface of the first network pipe, and the first control valve is arranged on the second network pipe and is used for controlling the second network pipe to be communicated and disconnected;

the control valve I and the control valve II have the same structure and respectively comprise a flow control mechanism, two flow control mechanisms are arranged side by side and respectively comprise a flow control mechanism I and a flow control mechanism II, and each flow control mechanism comprises a cylindrical valve core with a through hole, a knob for controlling the valve core to be switched on and off and a shell which is sleeved outside the valve core and used for fluid to enter;

two oil filling ports are arranged, and each oil filling port comprises an oil filling port a communicated with the flow control mechanism I and an oil filling port b communicated with the flow control mechanism II;

the first network management comprises a first three-way pipe, a second three-way pipe, a first communication pipe, a second communication pipe, a third communication pipe and a fourth communication pipe, the second network management comprises a fifth communication pipe, a sixth communication pipe, a third three-way pipe, a fourth three-way pipe, a seventh communication pipe, an eighth communication pipe, a ninth communication pipe and a tenth communication pipe, the first three-way pipe is communicated with a first flow control mechanism of the second control valve, the second three-way pipe is communicated with a second flow control mechanism of the second control valve, one end of the first communication pipe is communicated with the first three-way pipe, the other end of the first communication pipe is communicated with the first flow control mechanism of the first control valve, one end of the second communication pipe is communicated with the second three-way pipe, the other end of the second communication pipe is communicated with the second cylinder body, one end of the fourth communication pipe is communicated with the second three-way pipe, the other end of the second communication, The other end of the communication pipe is communicated with a three-way pipe IV, one end of a communication pipe VI is communicated with an oil injection port, the other end of the communication pipe VI is communicated with a three-way pipe IV, one end of a communication pipe VII is communicated with a flow control mechanism I of a control valve I, one end of a communication pipe VIII is communicated with the three-way pipe IV, the other end of the communication pipe VIII is communicated with a flow control mechanism II of the control valve I, one end of a communication pipe IX is communicated with the three-way pipe IV, the other end of the communication pipe IX is communicated with a cylinder body III, one end of a communication;

a pulling and holding assembly is arranged between the end part of the first rotating shaft output end and the valve core of the first control valve, the pulling and holding assembly comprises a connecting sleeve rotatably sleeved at the end part of the first rotating shaft output end, a connecting rod connected with the connecting sleeve and a swing rod connected with the connecting rod, one end of the swing rod is connected with the valve core of the first control valve, the other end of the swing rod is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the connecting sleeve, a core wire of the hinged shaft is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the movable limiting shell, and the movable limiting shell can drive the first rotating shaft to move in the direction away from the first control valve when sliding in the direction away from the fixed limiting shell along the guiding;

when the pipe fitting moves to the discharging end of the carriage and abuts against the sliding mechanism of the low-position sliding mechanism, the slow descending rope is in a tensioning state at the moment, the pipe fitting enables the sliding mechanism to slide downwards along the guiding direction of the sliding rod under the action of gravity of the pipe fitting, the sliding mechanism drives the connecting shaft to move, the connecting shaft moves to drive the movable limiting shell to slide along the guiding direction of the guiding block towards the direction far away from the fixed limiting shell, the movable limiting shell slides to drive the connecting rod to move and drive the oscillating rod to swing, the valve core is driven to rotate in the swinging process of the oscillating rod, and the connection area of the through hole of the valve core is reduced in the rotating;

(III) loading the pipe fitting;