CN109048026A - A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold - Google Patents
A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109048026A CN109048026A CN201811032447.1A CN201811032447A CN109048026A CN 109048026 A CN109048026 A CN 109048026A CN 201811032447 A CN201811032447 A CN 201811032447A CN 109048026 A CN109048026 A CN 109048026A
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- welding
- aluminium alloy
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- electro
- cast aluminium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to double concentric girth joint welding fields, specifically disclose a kind of welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, including elastic conjunction, positioning welding, post weld heat treatment.The present invention eliminates welding stress by measures such as elastic conjunction, whole tack welding, optimizing welding process parameter and after welding treatment in time, achievees the purpose that eliminate weld crack, and the double concentric ring weld porosities of cast aluminium alloy gold, crack defect is avoided to generate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to double concentric girth joint welding technology fields, and in particular to a kind of double concentric girth joints of cast aluminium alloy gold
Electro-beam welding method.
Background technique
Certain type aero-engine rear venting device rotor assembly is made of cast aluminium alloy material, cast aluminium alloy material weldering
Connect that performance is poor, be mainly shown as: (1) aluminium is very big with the affinity of oxygen, therefore usually forms one in aluminium and its alloy surface
The fine and close oxidation film of layer, the fusing point of this layer of oxidative tissue do not dissolve in metal considerably beyond aluminium itself, also interfere to be melted gold
The wetting action of category not only influences being normally carried out for welding, it is also possible to cause welding to lack because wherein there is impurity and moisture etc.
It falls into；(2) be 5 times of mild steel because the thermal conductivity of aluminium and its alloy is very high, thus needed when welding high heat input or
Use the method for weld preheating to guarantee welding effect；(3) coefficient of expansion of aluminium is larger, and shrinking percentage when solidification is also larger, institute
Once it is improper with technological measure in welding process, it will result in weld cracking；(4) elevated temperature strength of aluminium is poor, and casting alloy
Tissue itself is more loose, so metal is easily caused at welding line joint to collapse or undercut in welding；(5) due to the property ratio of aluminium
It is relatively active, easily gas hole defect is generated in postwelding weld seam.
The ventilator rotor assembly is welded using vacuum electron beam welding technique, welding line joint structure as shown in Figure 1,
It which is provided with two weld seams and be double concentric girth joints, double concentric girth joints refer to two concentric boxing in the same plane
The welding line structure of seam.In carrying out first of weld seam welding process, in addition one of welding line joint gap is due to welding tensile stress work
With and increase, cause second weld seam welding fabrication more difficult, play movement is not easy to guarantee, there are biggish drawings to answer for weld seam
Easily there is cracking phenomena in weld seam after power, postwelding and subsequent Vehicle Processing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, can
Effectively avoid the generation of cast aluminium alloy gold double concentric ring weld porosity defects, crack defect, weld seam problem easy to crack.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, comprising the following steps:
1) assembly before weldering: the part welded together will be needed to assemble by the way of interference fit；
2) positioning welding: successively right by the way of 6 points, 8 points or 12 point locations according to the diameter of girth joint
Concentric ring weld and HAZ is welded at butt joint after positioning；
3) component welded is integrally subjected to vacuum heat treatment after welding, finally placed air-cooled.
Further, well include that welding pretreatment operates before step 1): being aoxidized piece surface by the way of alkali cleaning
Film sufficiently removes, and is then polished using wire brush part connector to be welded and near zone, until part connector table to be welded
Fresh metal is exposed on face and near zone surface.
Further, near zone is using joint to be welded as center line, and distance center line is the region within 10mm.
Further, the interior welding for completing part for 24 hours after welding pretreatment.
Further, speed of welding is 20 ± 2mm/s in step 2), and acceleration voltage is 150 ± 1kv, focus current 2450
± 10mA, welding current are 7 ± 0.5mA.
Further, welding point is with a thickness of 4.3mm.
Further, it is welded using the vacuum electron beam welder of model KS150-G150.
Further, the magnitude of interference being interference fitted in step 1) is 0.02~0.04mm.
Further, the component welded is integrally subjected to vacuum heat treatment in 8h after welding.
Further, the holding temperature of vacuum heat treatment is 130 ± 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 300~310min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold of the invention, is changed to interference for clearance fit and matches
It closes, the purpose is to, to the preset compression of part weld seam position, can be generated in the welding process with partial offset because of welding before weldering
Tensile stress reduce a possibility that crackle generates to reduce tensile stress value.It can also partially more by the way of interference fit
Feed a casting a possibility that Zao Lei part material tissue looseness is also easy to produce welding defect；Pass through the work of whole tack welding after assembling again
Skill, capable of eliminating play movement, bring influences in the welding process, solves the problems, such as the molding of second face of weld；This hair
It is bright by increasing vacuum heat treatment process after whole tack welding, can reduce weld seam tensile stress, avoid the production of weld crack
It is raw.
Further, part is cleared up using the process that soak cleaning is combined with mechanical grinding, removes part
The dense oxidation film on surface can effectively ensure that the cleaning quality in solder bond face before welding, weldering caused by avoiding cleaning from being not thorough
Stitch gas hole defect.
Further, since fresh aluminium and aluminium alloy can generate oxidation film quickly under atmospheric environment, therefore it is required that
The interior erection welding for completing part for 24 hours, can be effectively ensured welding quality after welding point cleaning.
Further, according to the particularity of welding line structure and material weldability the characteristics of, passes through optimizing welding process parameter, weldering
Connecing speed is 20 ± 2mm/s, and acceleration voltage is 150 ± 1kv, and focus current is 2450 ± 10mA, and welding current is 7 ± 0.5mA,
Solve the problems, such as face of weld molding and weld porosity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ventilator rotor assembly and welding position.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Embodiment 1
A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, comprising the following steps:
1) assembly before weldering: the part welded together will be needed to assemble by the way of interference fit；
2) positioning welding: successively right by the way of 6 points, 8 points or 12 point locations according to the diameter of girth joint
Concentric ring weld and HAZ is welded after positioning using vacuum electron beam welder；The component is double concentric girth joints, is being carried out first
In weld seam welding process, in addition one of welding line joint gap increases due to welding action of pulling stress, and second weld seam is caused to weld
It is connected into that type is more difficult, the present invention integrally first positions the technique welded again by twice weld seam, solves second face of weld
The problem of molding；
3) component welded is integrally subjected to vacuum heat treatment in 8h after welding, finally places air-cooled, vacuum heat treatment
Holding temperature be 130 ± 10 DEG C, soaking time be 300~310min, postwelding be added heat treatment procedure, to guarantee postwelding part
Stress can be eliminated in time, avoid the generation of weld crack.Tested and consulted Its Relevant Technology Standards, determine as
Post weld heat treatment technological parameter shown in table 1:
1 heat treatment process parameter of table
| Holding temperature (DEG C) | Soaking time (min) | The type of cooling |
| 130±10 | 300~310 | It is air-cooled |
Ventilator rotor assembly welding point thickness is generally 4.3mm, on subsequent weld surface during Vehicle Processing, due to
Easily there is Local Cracking problem in welding and the presence of Machining stress, weld seam.The present invention increases vacuum heat treatment work by postwelding
The method of skill reduces weld seam tensile stress, avoids the generation of weld crack.
Embodiment 2
A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, comprising the following steps:
1) preweld cleaning: sufficiently being removed surface film oxide by the way of alkali cleaning before weldering, secondly uses wire brush pair
Connector and near zone to be welded are polished, until exposing fresh metal in joint surface to be welded and the neighbouring region 10mm, to protect
Welding quality is demonstrate,proved, since fresh aluminium and aluminium alloy can generate oxidation film quickly under atmospheric environment, in order to guarantee welding quality,
It is required that the interior welding for completing part for 24 hours after connector cleaning；
2) assembly before weldering: the part welded together will be needed to assemble by the way of interference fit；
3) positioning welding: successively right by the way of 6 points, 8 points or 12 point locations according to the diameter of girth joint
Concentric ring weld and HAZ is welded after positioning using vacuum electron beam welder；
4) component welded is integrally subjected to vacuum heat treatment in 8h after welding, finally places air-cooled, vacuum heat treatment
Holding temperature be 130 ± 10 DEG C, soaking time be 300~310min.
Method using alkali cleaning before welding and mechanical scraping ensures face of weld cleaning quality, can effectively ensure that welding before weldering
The cleaning quality of faying face, weld porosity defect caused by avoiding cleaning from being not thorough；Guarantee at part welding point when assembly
The magnitude of interference of (0.02-0.04) mm, can effectively reduce weld seam tensile stress, and whole tack welding can eliminate play movement and weld
Bring influences in journey, it is desirable that welding stress, process above side can timely be eliminated by carrying out heat treatment after the completion of welding in 8h
Method preferably resolves the double concentric ring weld porosities of cast aluminium alloy material, crack defect problem.
Since the material is softer, some harder substances can be embedded in the case where strong effect power during the treatment
Base material, so cannot be polished using sand paper or grinding wheel in order to avoid sand grains enters welding region and influences weldquality.Meanwhile it assembling
Bare-handed or other pollutants are forbidden to touch weld seam and near zone in the process.
Currently, the assembly of ventilator rotor assembly is gap-matched in part trial-manufacturing process, because part is double concentric
Boxing crack structure, two weld seams of postwelding will receive action of pulling stress and part deformation caused even to crack.The present invention matches gap
Conjunction is changed to be interference fitted, the purpose is to before weldering to the preset compression of part weld seam position, in the welding process can part
The tensile stress generated by welding is offset, to reduce tensile stress value, reduces a possibility that crackle generates.Using the side of interference fit
Formula can also partially make up a possibility that casting class part material tissue looseness is also easy to produce welding defect.
Aluminium and aluminium alloy thermal conductance are good, and in welding, heat input will be lost rapidly to base material, therefore need to reduce when welding
Speed of welding, but will increase a possibility that part generation fire check after reduction speed of welding, weld width becomes larger and heat affected area
Broadening, the tendency that welding deformation is generated after reduction speed of welding will also become larger, and weld seam generates stomata after increasing speed of welding
Possibility will increase again.Using the vacuum electron beam welder of model KS150-G150, welded by multiple groups test piece for welding, test specimen
Parameter process test, finds out reasonable welding condition, as shown in table 2, preferably resolves face of weld molding and weldering
The problem of stitching stomata.
2 electro-beam welding process parameter of table
| Speed of welding (mm/s) | Acceleration voltage (kV) | Focus current (mA) | Welding current (mA) |
| 20±2 | 150±1 | 2450±10 | 7±0.5 |
In conclusion the characteristics of according to the particularity of welding line structure and material weldability, pass through elastic conjunction, whole positioning
Welding stress is eliminated in the measures such as weldering, optimizing welding process parameter, after welding treatment in time, achievees the purpose that eliminate weld crack.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, which comprises the following steps:
1) assembly before weldering: the part welded together will be needed to assemble by the way of interference fit；
2) positioning welding: according to the diameter of girth joint successively to concentric by the way of 6 points, 8 points or 12 point locations
Girth joint positioning, is welded at butt joint after positioning；
3) component welded is integrally subjected to vacuum heat treatment after welding, finally placed air-cooled.
2. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 1, feature exist
In well including welding pretreatment operation before step 1): sufficiently being removed piece surface oxidation film by the way of alkali cleaning, so
It is polished afterwards using wire brush part connector to be welded and near zone, until part joint surface to be welded and near zone table
Show out fresh metal.
3. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 2, feature exist
In near zone is using joint to be welded as center line, and distance center line is the region within 10mm.
4. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 2, feature exist
In the interior welding for completing part for 24 hours after welding pretreatment.
5. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 1, feature exist
In speed of welding is 20 ± 2mm/s in step 2), and acceleration voltage is 150 ± 1kv, and focus current is 2450 ± 10mA, welding electricity
Stream is 7 ± 0.5mA.
6. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 1, feature exist
In welding point is with a thickness of 4.3mm.
7. a kind of according to claim 1, electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold described in 5 or 6, special
Sign is, is welded using the vacuum electron beam welder of model KS150-G150.
8. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 1, feature exist
In the magnitude of interference being interference fitted in step 1) is 0.02~0.04mm.
9. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold according to claim 1, feature exist
In 8h is interior after welding integrally carries out vacuum heat treatment for the component welded.
10. a kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold, special according to claim 1 or described in 9
Sign is that the holding temperature of vacuum heat treatment is 130 ± 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 300~310min.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811032447.1A CN109048026A (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold |
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| CN201811032447.1A CN109048026A (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | A kind of electro-beam welding method of the double girth joints with one heart of cast aluminium alloy gold |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110560867A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled joint |
| CN111375880A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-07 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for rotor parts |
| CN111537619A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-14 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | TOFD detection simulation test block for steam drum head girth weld |
| CN111702317A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for double-sided planet weld joint structure |
| CN112975100A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-18 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding process for ZL114A cylinder |
| CN114850510A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method and device for preventing metal part additive repair thermal deformation |
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| CN110560867A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-13 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for aluminum alloy water-cooled joint |
| CN111375880A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-07 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for rotor parts |
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| CN112975100A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-18 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding process for ZL114A cylinder |
| CN114850510A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method and device for preventing metal part additive repair thermal deformation |
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