CN109047766B - Foamed metal manufacturing device using meltallizing method - Google Patents
Foamed metal manufacturing device using meltallizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109047766B CN109047766B CN201810729594.8A CN201810729594A CN109047766B CN 109047766 B CN109047766 B CN 109047766B CN 201810729594 A CN201810729594 A CN 201810729594A CN 109047766 B CN109047766 B CN 109047766B
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- carrier gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
- B22F2201/10—Inert gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for manufacturing foamed metal by utilizing a meltallizing method, which comprises the following components: a mixing vessel for producing a mixture of metal powder, blowing agent powder and thickener powder; a funnel-shaped hopper, wherein an expansion part above the hopper receives the mixture put into the mixing container, and a narrow funnel pipeline is connected below the expansion part and communicated with an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline; one end of the screw rod is connected with a driving part for driving the screw rod to rotate and push, and the other end of the screw rod extends into an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline; the melting pipeline receives a melt formed after the metal powder in the mixture is melted from the screw rod, and the carrier gas pipe provides meltallizing motion energy for the melt; the foaming mold is communicated with the melting pipeline and foams the melt under the action of a foaming agent and carrier gas, and the conveying belt conveys the foaming mold to a subsequent cooling area and a subsequent discharging area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a foamed metal manufacturing device, in particular to a device for manufacturing foamed metal by a melting jetting method by using differential parts of metal, foaming agent and the like as raw materials.
Background
Generally, aluminum is frequently used for producing foamed metal, and for example, foamed aluminum is produced by generating foaming gas by using a foaming agent in a molten state of aluminum to generate internal bubbles, thereby obtaining a light and porous material. Foamed metals have characteristics of impact absorption, light weight, and porosity, and are widely used in various fields such as airplanes, automobiles, power stations, heat exchangers for power packs, heat release of semiconductors or various electronic products, mufflers for large-scale equipment, catalysis in chemical plants, members for the aerospace industry, impact absorbers, fuel cells, filters, impact absorbers, shielding of electromagnetic waves, and interior and exterior materials for buildings. Foamed metal is conventionally produced by melting, increasing, foaming and cooling a metal in a crucible. To improve the properties of foamed metals, korea now occasionally uses the technology of its domestic published patent No. 2013-0106894, mixed with CNT graphene and the like.
The conventional method of producing foamed metal using a crucible is melting at high temperature, and the metal is brittle due to oxidation, and becomes very unstable with the movement of a foaming agent (e.g., titanium hydride TiH 2). Titanium hydride (TiH2), a representative foaming agent, reacts violently when mixed into molten metal, separating titanium (Ti) and hydrogen (H2) into gases, causing early decomposition of the foaming agent, hydrogen leakage, which causes a large change in cell size, and a large difference in density distribution depending on the position of the foaming metal. And since the cells of the foamed metal can be adjusted only by the mixing speed of the foaming agent and the molten metal, the cell size and density distribution caused by the decomposition of titanium (Ti) and hydrogen (H2) cannot be controlled practically.
The foamed metal product is first foamed with foaming agent inside molten metal and then set inside mold of certain specification into block. However, since the pores and the density distribution are not uniform, the method cannot be applied to all products, and after the block is cut, the part with uniform pore size and density distribution is known, and then the part with non-uniform pore size and density distribution is removed, thereby increasing the processing cost, increasing the cutting residue, wasting the raw material, and reducing the yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to develop a device for manufacturing foamed metal by utilizing a meltallizing method, so that the size and the density distribution of pores of the foamed metal are uniform, the processing cost is reduced, and the occurrence of cutting residues is reduced.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing a foamed metal by a meltallizing method, comprising:
a mixing vessel that produces a mixture of metal powder, a blowing agent powder, and a thickener powder;
a funnel-shaped hopper, wherein an expansion part above the hopper receives the mixture thrown in by the mixing container, and a narrow funnel pipeline is connected below the expansion part and is communicated with an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline;
a screw rod, one end of which is connected with a driving part for driving the screw rod to rotate and propel, and the other end of which extends into an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline, and the screw rod transfers and mixes the mixture input from the hopper pipeline;
the melting pipeline receives a melt formed after metal powder in the mixture is melted from the screw rod, and the carrier gas pipe is connected with the melting pipeline and provides meltallizing motion energy for the melt;
the foaming mold is communicated with the melting pipeline and foams the melt under the action of a foaming agent and carrier gas, and the conveying belt conveys the foaming mold to a subsequent cooling area and a subsequent discharging area.
The mixing container is shaken up and down and left and right, or mechanically shaken, or moved in a shaking and shaking combined mode;
the screw rod can be a one-shaft or multi-shaft screw rod, and a driving part connected with one end of the screw rod is used as a power driving mechanism to drive the screw rod to rotationally advance to the other end, transfer and mix the mixture input from the funnel pipe;
the melting pipeline is wrapped by melting heating cloth, and the melting heating cloth can be heated in a high-frequency induction mode;
the foaming mold is positioned in a conveying chamber containing a conveying belt, and the conveying chamber is divided into a foaming area and a cooling area; in the foaming zone, the inactive gas forms positive pressure, i.e. the internal pressure is higher than the external pressure, preventing unnecessary air from entering the inside; the molten metal is foamed in the foaming mold to form first foamed metal, and the first foamed metal is conveyed to a cooling area through a conveying belt; in the cooling area, the first foamed metal is cooled in a circulating refrigeration mode to form a second foamed metal, and the second foamed metal is conveyed to a discharge area outside the conveying chamber through a conveying belt.
Preferably, the number of the carrier gas pipes is 2, and the carrier gas pipes are respectively connected to two sides of the melting pipeline; the end of one carrier gas pipe is connected with a carrier gas supply part, and the end of the other carrier gas pipe is connected with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the flow and pressure of the carrier gas; a temperature sensor (33) is arranged at one side of the melting pipeline (31) and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod (22) and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline (31);
preferably, the number of the carrier gas pipes is 1, and the carrier gas pipes are connected to one side of the melting pipeline; the end part of the carrier gas pipe is connected with a carrier gas supply part, and the carrier gas pipe is also provided with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the carrier gas flow and pressure; a temperature sensor (33) is arranged at one side of the melting pipeline (31) and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod (22) and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline (31);
preferably, a carrier gas jet pipe is further arranged, the melting pipeline is covered by the carrier gas jet pipe, and the carrier gas pipe is communicated with one or more positions of the carrier gas jet pipe;
preferably, the cooling zone performs circulating refrigeration by using the refrigeration gas supplied by a refrigerant supply part outside the transport room and a refrigeration gas pipe; the refrigerating gas is inactive gas, which can prevent the oxidation of the first foaming metal;
preferably, the foaming mold comprises an upper mold part, a lower mold part and a melt inlet communicated with the melt pipeline; the mold upper portion includes a plurality of vents; the melt inlet is provided at any position of the upper part of the mold or the lower part of the mold or the contact part of the two.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a device for manufacturing foamed metal by utilizing a spray method, wherein metal powder, foaming agent and other derivatives are sprayed together with inactive gas in a spray mode, so that the size and the density distribution of pores are uniform, the processing cost is reduced, and the generation of cutting residues is inhibited; in addition, the use of an inert gas during the formation of the foamed metal can prevent oxidation of the foamed metal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a foamed metal manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a foaming mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the invention, showing the 2 nd fusion zone;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a 3 rd fusion zone of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of foamed aluminum produced by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of foamed aluminum produced by the conventional crucible method I;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of foamed aluminum produced by the conventional crucible method two.
Reference numerals:
10: a mixing vessel; 20: a hopper; 201: an expansion section; 202: a hopper conduit;
21: a drive section; 22: a screw rod; 30: a 1 st melting section; 30 a: a 2 nd melting section;
30 b: a 3 rd melting part; 31: a melt line; 310: an expansion part; 32: melting and heating the cloth;
33: a temperature sensor; 34: a carrier gas supply section; 35: a carrier gas pipe; 36: adjusting a gate valve;
37: a carrier gas ejection pipe; 40: a transport chamber; 41: a foaming heating part; 42: a conveyor belt;
43: a 1 st door; 44: a 2 nd door; 50: a refrigerant gas supply unit; 51: a refrigerating air pipe;
60: a foaming mold; 61: an upper part of the mould; 62: a lower part of the mold; 63: a melt inlet;
64: an exhaust port; a: a foaming zone; b: a cooling zone; c: a discharge zone.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and experimental data.
An apparatus for manufacturing a foamed metal by a meltallizing method, comprising:
a mixing vessel that produces a mixture of metal powder, a blowing agent powder, and a thickener powder;
a funnel-shaped hopper, wherein an expansion part above the hopper receives the mixture thrown in by the mixing container, and a narrow funnel pipeline is connected below the expansion part and is communicated with an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline;
a screw rod, one end of which is connected with a driving part for driving the screw rod to rotate and propel, and the other end of which extends into an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline, and the screw rod transfers and mixes the mixture input from the hopper pipeline;
the melting pipeline receives a melt formed after metal powder in the mixture is melted from the screw rod, and the carrier gas pipe is connected with the melting pipeline and provides meltallizing motion energy for the melt;
the foaming mold is communicated with the melting pipeline and foams the melt under the action of a foaming agent and carrier gas, and the conveying belt conveys the foaming mold to a subsequent cooling area and a subsequent discharging area.
Preferably, the number of the carrier gas pipes is 2, and the carrier gas pipes are respectively connected to two sides of the melting pipeline; one end of one carrier gas pipe is connected with the carrier gas supply part, and the other end of the other carrier gas pipe is connected with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the flow and pressure of the carrier gas; a temperature sensor (33) is arranged at one side of the melting pipeline (31) and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod (22) and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline (31);
preferably, in the manufacturing apparatus, 1 carrier gas pipe is connected to one side of the melting pipe; the end part of the carrier gas pipe is connected with the carrier gas supply part, and the carrier gas pipe is also provided with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the carrier gas flow and pressure; a temperature sensor (33) is arranged at one side of the melting pipeline (31) and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod (22) and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline (31);
preferably, a carrier gas jet pipe is further arranged, the melting pipeline is covered by the carrier gas jet pipe, and the carrier gas pipe is communicated with one or more positions of the carrier gas jet pipe;
preferably, the cooling zone is cooled by circulation of the refrigerant gas supplied from a refrigerant supply unit and a refrigerant gas pipe outside the transport room; the refrigerating gas is inactive gas, which can prevent the oxidation of the first foaming metal;
preferably, the foaming mold comprises an upper mold part, a lower mold part and a melt inlet communicated with the melt pipeline; the mold upper portion includes a plurality of vents; the melt inlet is provided at any position of the upper part of the mold or the lower part of the mold or the contact part of the two.
The embodiments described below may be modified into other states, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In addition, positional terms such as upper, lower, front, and the like are only relevant to the contents of the drawings. In practice, the foamed metal device can be used in any selective direction, and in practice, the spatial direction varies depending on the direction and rotation of the manufacturing apparatus.
The foamed metal manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is capable of injecting powder of metal, foaming agent, etc. together with inert gas, thereby making the pore size and density distribution uniform, reducing the processing cost, and suppressing the generation of cutting residue. For this reason, the manufacturing process of the foamed metal will be described in detail using the above-described apparatus. The foamed metal is a metal having pores therein, such as foamed aluminum, and generally has a porosity of 90 to 95% and a specific gravity in the range of 0.2 to 1.0.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a foamed metal production apparatus (100) according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, and there may be components that are not present in the drawings for ease of illustration.
Referring to fig. 1, a foamed metal production apparatus (100) is composed of a mixing vessel (10), a hopper (20), a screw (22), a 1 st melting section (30), a transport chamber (40), and a refrigerator supply section (50). The mixing container (10) forms a mixture (PM) in which metal powder, foaming agent powder, thickener powder, and the like are mixed in a differentiated state. The metal powder is composed of a single metal or an alloy powder of the above single metal, and aluminum and its alloy are representative thereof. Aluminum and its alloys are representative metal materials that contribute to weight reduction of the materials, and not only are they lightweight, but also they are strong in tensile strength and wear resistance as compared with synthetic resins or wood. The average particle size of the metal powder is about 50 to 500 μm, and may be adjusted to be smaller than the average particle size within the scope of the present invention.
The foaming agent includes, but is not limited to, titanium hydride (TiH2), hydrogenated zirconium (ZrH2), polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, acetic acid, phenolic resin, cellulose, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, ferric chloride, etc., of which titanium hydride is most preferred. The foaming agent can be combined into more than two foaming agents according to the type and the use application of the metal. The thickener contains calcium, chlorine, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, argon, etc., and is more useful than calcium. The thickener may be combined into two or more thickeners according to the kind and use of the metal. The average particle size of the foaming agent and the thickener is about 50 to 500. mu.m, and can be adjusted to be smaller than the average particle size within the scope of the present invention.
A metal in a differentiated state, a foaming agent and a thickener are put into a mixing vessel (10), and the mixing vessel (10) is shaken up and down and left and right to form a uniformly mixed mixture. The present invention is not limited to the above-described movement, and various modifications can be made by those who have knowledge of the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention. Such as mechanically vibrating the mixing container (10) to produce the mixture (PM) or additionally using the vibration mode. In addition, the mixture (PM) can be additionally added with an organic binder, so that the foamed metal of the invention has better performance.
The uniformly dispersed mixture (PM) is fed into a hopper (20) by a mixing vessel (10), and the mixture (PM) is fed in a funnel shape through a hopper pipe (202) having a narrow lower portion via an expansion portion (201) at the upper portion of the hopper (20) to an expansion portion (310) at one end of a melting pipe and one end of a screw rod (22). The screw (22) is rotated by a driving part (21) like a driving motor connected to one end thereof, and when the screw (22) is rotated and advanced, the mixture (PM) is transferred to the 1 st melting part (30). The screw rod (22) can adopt a one-axis screw, and can also adopt a multi-axis screw for improving the dispersibility. The multi-axial helix is formed by more than 2 helices in the same direction. The screw (22) can be started at normal temperature and, in some cases, preheated to a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent. The screw (22) mixes the mixture (PM) and transports the mixture (PM). By these kneading, the metal powder, the foaming agent powder, and the thickener powder are relatively uniformly mixed.
The 1 st melting part (30) comprises a melting pipeline (31), a melting heating cloth (32), a temperature sensor (33), a carrier gas supply part (34), a carrier gas pipe (35) and an adjusting gate valve (36). The melting pipe (31) is connected to the screw (22), and a melt (M) formed by melting the metal powder in the mixture (PM) is supplied to the foaming mold (60) of the transport chamber (40) by melting. The melting heating cloth (32) wraps the melting pipe (31), and for rapid heating, high-frequency induction heating is adopted, the melting pipe (31) made of metal materials is put into the coil-shaped melting heating cloth (32), and eddy current is generated near the surface of the melting pipe (31) for heating by current.
The metal powder can be heated to a sufficient melting point by the temperature of the inside of the melting pipe (31). The aluminum powder is melted while maintaining an engineering temperature of 620 to 680 ℃. When the above-mentioned working temperature is lower than 620 ℃, the viscosity of the melt (M) is high and it is difficult to spray the melt, and when it is higher than 680 ℃, the formation rate of pores is lowered. The melting heating cloth (32) is rapidly heated to make the engineering temperature reach the optimum speed. The same applies to other metal powders other than aluminum, and the melting heating cloth (32) rapidly increases the temperature to the melting process temperature of the corresponding metal powder. The process temperature is measured by a temperature sensor (33) arranged on one side of the melt duct (31) and preferably at the connection to the screw (22). The melt (M) is thus rapidly melted and the blowing agent is homogeneously distributed in the melt (M).
The carrier gas pipe (35) jets the carrier gas supplied from the carrier gas supply unit (34) at a predetermined speed into the melting pipe (31). The carrier gas is an inert gas such as argon (Ar), nitrogen (N2), etc., and thus oxidation does not occur when the metal powder is melted. The carrier gas is ejected at a predetermined speed, and provides kinetic energy when the melt (M) is injected into the foaming mold (60). The carrier gas is used as a transport means for the moving melt (M) to move the melt (M) rapidly into the foaming mold (60) before the foaming of the foaming agent takes place. The diameter of the melt pipe (31) is smaller than that of the screw (22), and the foaming of the melt (M) is performed not in the melt pipe (31) but in the Mold (60). On the one hand, the carrier gas can cause foaming action by itself, and the melt (M) fed into the foaming mold (60) contributes to forming pores, namely, the melt (M) and the carrier gas are simultaneously fed into the foaming mold (60); on the other hand, during foaming in the foaming mold (60), the uniformly dispersed foaming agent in the melt (M) plays a major role, and the carrier gas also plays a part in forming pores.
The flow and pressure of the carrier gas is controlled by a regulating gate valve (36). 2 carrier air pipes (35) are respectively connected to two sides of the melting pipeline (31), wherein the end part of one carrier air pipe (35) is connected with a carrier air supply part (34), and the end part of the other carrier air pipe (35) is provided with an adjusting gate valve (36); a carrier gas pipe (35) connected to the carrier gas supply (34) is connected to the melt duct (31) so as to be inclined in such a manner that the direction of flow of the carrier gas is directed toward the foaming Mold (60) in order to guide the direction of the melt (M) into the Mold (60). This method of transferring the molten melt (M) to the foaming mold (60) by the carrier gas is called a meltblowing method. The foaming mold (60) will be described in detail later.
The melt (M) is injected into the foaming mold (60) to cause foaming. The titanium hydride (TiH2) decomposes into titanium (Ti) and hydrogen (H2) as illustrated by titanium hydride (TiH2), and hydrogen (H2) forms pores in the melt (M) to give the first foamed metal (FMl). In general, the first foamed metal (FMl) increases in volume by a factor of 10 over the melt (M). A foaming heating part (41) is arranged around the mold (60) to maintain a uniform foaming temperature required in the foaming process. The optimum heating method of the foaming heating part (41) is high frequency, but other methods are also possible. If the foaming heating part (41) is a high-frequency heating method, a metal material similar to stainless steel is used for the foaming mold (60).
Alternatively, the foaming mold (60) may be placed on a conveyor belt (42) in the form of a conveyor belt or the like within the transport chamber (40). The foaming heating part (41) sets different temperatures at each stage, and maintains the foaming process stable when the foaming mold (60) is transferred. If necessary, a 1 st door (43) is provided in the transport chamber (40) and the foaming mold (60) having completed the foaming process is passed through. The foaming process takes place in the foaming zone (A). The foaming zone (a) is preferably maintained at a positive pressure by an inert gas, i.e. the internal pressure is higher than the external pressure, preventing unwanted air from entering the interior.
Subsequently, the foaming mold (60) containing the first foamed metal (FM1) whose foaming process is completed is transferred to the cooling zone (B). The cooling region (B) is cooled by circulating the refrigerant gas supplied from a refrigerant supply unit (50) and a refrigerant gas pipe (51) outside the transport chamber (40). The refrigerant gas is an inert gas like argon (Ar), nitrogen (N2), which prevents oxidation of the first foam metal (FM 1).
In order to circulate the cooling air, a 2 nd door (44) may be provided at the end of the cooling region (B). The first foamed metal (FM1) becomes the second foamed metal (FM2) after passing through the cooling region (B). The foaming mold (60) is transferred in the cooling area (B) to make the cooling process relatively stable. The foaming mold (60) having finished the cooling process is transferred to the discharging area (C), and the foaming mold (60) passing through the discharging area (C) is disassembled outside the transport chamber (40), and then the second foamed metal (FM2) is disassembled.
According to the foamed metal manufacturing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention, the metal, the foaming agent, the thickening agent and other powders are uniformly mixed in the mixing vessel (10) and the screw rod (22), the metal powder is rapidly melted into the melt (M) in the melting pipe (31), the decomposition of the foaming agent is only carried out in the foaming mold (60), and then the foaming agent is uniformly distributed in the melt (M), and the density distribution of the size and the position of the air hole is uniform. When the foamed metal is required to be used, the foamed metal is not required to be cut off, so that the occurrence of cutting residues can be minimized, and the processing cost can be reduced; further, since the inert gas is used as the carrier gas and the cooling gas, oxidation of the foamed metal can be prevented.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a foaming mold (60) of a manufacturing apparatus (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the manufacturing apparatus (100) refers to fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the foaming mold (60) is composed of a mold upper part (61) and a mold lower part (62), and represents a space for forming the second foamed metal (FM 2). Comprises a side surface of an upper mold part (61) or a lower mold part (62) or a part where the upper mold part (61) and the lower mold part (62) are connected, and a melt inlet (63) communicated with a melt pipe (31) is arranged. The upper mold portion (61) preferably includes a plurality of vents (64) disposed at a top end of the upper mold portion (61). The exhaust port (64) exhausts the inert gas such as hydrogen (H2) generated in the foaming mold (60) to the outside of the foaming mold (60). Although not explicitly shown, the transport chamber (40) of the foaming zone (a) has the ability to dispose of the gas.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the No. 2 melting part (30a) in the manufacturing apparatus (100) according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The 2 nd melting part (30a) is the same as the 1 st melting part (30) except for the structure formed by the carrier gas pipe (35).
According to FIG. 3, one carrier gas pipe 35 of the 2 nd melting part 30a is connected to the melting pipe 31 side. The end of the carrier gas pipe (35) is connected with a carrier gas supply part (34), and the carrier gas pipe (35) is internally provided with an adjusting gate valve (36) for controlling the flow and the pressure of the carrier gas. The 2 nd melting part (30a) has a simpler structure than the 1 st melting part (30). The precision of the adjustment of the flow rate of the carrier gas in the 2 nd melting part (30a) may be slightly different from that in the 1 st melting part (30).
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the 3 rd fusion zone (30b) in the production apparatus (100) according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The structure is the same as that of the 2 nd melting part (30a) except for the structure of the carrier gas ejection pipe (37). In order to more clearly explain the 3 rd fusion zone (30b), a side view is added.
According to FIG. 4, the 3 rd melting section (30b) includes a carrier gas supply section (34), a carrier gas pipe (35) and a carrier gas ejection pipe (37) communicating therewith. The carrier gas pipe (35) includes a regulating gate valve (36) for regulating the flow rate and pressure of the carrier gas. A fusion heating cloth (32) and a carrier gas ejection pipe (37) are disposed outside a fusion duct (31) of a 3 rd fusion zone (30 b). The melt heating cloth (32) is disposed in the vicinity of the screw (22), and the carrier gas ejection pipe (37) is disposed in a direction close to the transport chamber (40). That is, the carrier gas ejection pipe (37) surrounds the outside of the melting duct (31). The carrier gas pipe (35) may be joined to and communicated with one or more positions of the carrier gas ejection pipe (37), and fig. 4 illustrates a case where the carrier gas pipe is joined to one position.
The carrier gas in the 3 rd melting part (30b) is jetted out through a carrier gas jetting pipe (37), and is different from the 1 st melting part (30) and the 2 nd melting part (30 a). Specifically, the carrier gas in the 1 st melting part (30) and the 2 nd melting part (30a) is directly supplied to the melting pipe (31), but the carrier gas in the 3 rd melting part (30b) is supplied in the surface direction of the melt (M) passing through the melting pipe (31 a). The 3 rd melting part (30b) supplies carrier gas to the surface direction of the melt (M), and the flow of the melt (M) is more stable than the 1 st melting part (30) and the 2 nd melting part (30 a). Within the scope of the invention, the carrier gas comprises all carrier gas supplied to the melt (M) in the melting pipe or to the surface of the melt (M) passing through the melting pipe.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of foamed aluminum produced by the meltallizing method according to the example of the present invention, and fig. 6 and 7 are schematic views of the internal structure of foamed aluminum produced by the conventional crucible method i and crucible method ii. The weight percentage of the foaming agent in the whole mixture is 1.3%, and the foaming engineering temperature is 620 ℃. In addition, the carrier gas and the refrigerant gas used in the embodiment of the present invention are both argon (Ar).
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the case of the first crucible method and the second crucible method, the variation in the size of the pores is large, and the difference in the distribution of the density of the foamed metal at the position is large. That is, the first crucible method is a method in which large and small pores are not uniformly distributed, and the second crucible method is a method in which pores are not uniformly distributed and the overall density is not uniformly distributed according to the position. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 7, the foamed aluminum obtained in the examples of the present invention had a uniform distribution of the overall pore size and density. The foaming agent is uniformly mixed and kneaded by a mixing container (10) and a screw rod (22), and then is uniformly distributed in a melt (M) and is foamed in a foaming mold (60) under the action of the foaming agent, so that the sizes of air holes are uniform and the density distribution at different positions is uniform.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for manufacturing a foamed metal by a meltallizing method, comprising:
a mixing vessel that produces a mixture of metal powder, a blowing agent powder, and a thickener powder;
a funnel-shaped hopper, wherein an expansion part above the hopper receives the mixture thrown in by the mixing container, and a narrow funnel pipeline is connected below the expansion part and is communicated with an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline;
a screw rod, one end of which is connected with a driving part for driving the screw rod to rotate and propel, and the other end of which extends into an expansion part at one end of the melting pipeline, and the screw rod transfers and mixes the mixture input from the hopper pipeline;
the melting pipeline receives a melt formed after metal powder in the mixture is melted from the screw rod, and the carrier gas pipe is connected with the melting pipeline and provides meltallizing motion energy for the melt;
the foaming mold is communicated with the melting pipeline and foams the melt under the action of a foaming agent and carrier gas, and the conveying belt conveys the foaming mold to a subsequent cooling area and a subsequent discharging area.
2. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing vessel is moved by shaking up and down and left and right, or by mechanical shaking, or by a combination of shaking and shaking.
3. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1,
the screw rod is an axial or multi-axial screw rod.
4. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1,
the melting pipe is wrapped by a melting heating cloth, and the melting heating cloth is heated in a high-frequency induction mode.
5. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1,
the foaming mold is positioned in a conveying chamber containing a conveying belt, and the conveying chamber is divided into a foaming area and a cooling area; in the foaming zone, an inert gas creates a positive pressure; the melt is foamed in a foaming mould to form a first foamed metal, and the first foamed metal is conveyed to a cooling area through a conveyer belt; in the cooling area, the first foamed metal is cooled in a circulating refrigeration mode to form a second foamed metal, and the second foamed metal is conveyed to a discharge area outside the conveying chamber through a conveying belt.
6. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1, wherein the number of carrier gas pipes is 2, and the carrier gas pipes are connected to both sides of the melting pipe; the end of one carrier gas pipe is connected with a carrier gas supply part, and the end of the other carrier gas pipe is connected with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the flow and pressure of the carrier gas; and a temperature sensor is also arranged at one side of the melting pipeline and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod, and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline.
7. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1, wherein 1 carrier gas pipe is connected to one side of the melting pipe; the end part of the carrier gas pipe is connected with a carrier gas supply part, and the carrier gas pipe is also provided with an adjusting gate valve capable of adjusting the carrier gas flow and pressure; and a temperature sensor is also arranged at one side of the melting pipeline and the connection part of the melting pipeline and the screw rod, and is used for measuring the engineering temperature of the melt in the melting pipeline.
8. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by means of meltblowing according to claim 7, wherein a carrier gas ejection pipe is further provided, and the melting duct is surrounded by the carrier gas ejection pipe, and the carrier gas pipe communicates with one or more points of the carrier gas ejection pipe.
9. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling zone performs circulating cooling by a refrigerant gas supplied from a refrigerant supply unit and a refrigerant gas pipe outside the transport chamber; the cooling gas is an inert gas and prevents oxidation of the first foam metal.
10. The apparatus for manufacturing foamed metal by a meltblowing method according to claim 1, wherein the foaming mold includes a mold upper portion and a mold lower portion and a melt inlet port communicating with the melt duct; the mold upper portion includes a plurality of vents; the melt inlet is provided at any position of the upper part of the mold or the lower part of the mold or the contact part of the two.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1020180054041A KR102099632B1 (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Apparatus of manufacturing foamed metal by thermal spray |
| KR10-2018-0054041 | 2018-05-11 |
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| CN109047766A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| KR102099632B1 (en) | 2020-04-13 |
| KR20190129420A (en) | 2019-11-20 |
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