CN109046762B - Rare earth alloy raw material treatment method and device - Google Patents

Rare earth alloy raw material treatment method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109046762B
CN109046762B CN201811188530.8A CN201811188530A CN109046762B CN 109046762 B CN109046762 B CN 109046762B CN 201811188530 A CN201811188530 A CN 201811188530A CN 109046762 B CN109046762 B CN 109046762B
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iron
raw material
rare earth
electromagnet
iron cylinder
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CN109046762A (en
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高晓山
何小丽
方亚娇
张德文
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North Rare Earth Anhui Permanent Magnet Technology Co ltd
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North Rare Earth Anhui Permanent Magnet Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated

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Abstract

The invention relates to a rare earth alloy raw material treatment method, which adopts a rare earth alloy raw material treatment device to carry out magnetic separation on neodymium iron boron ribbon alloy fragments. The rare earth alloy raw material treatment device comprises two horizontally arranged magnetic rollers, wherein each magnetic roller comprises a cylindrical electromagnet and an iron cylinder sleeved outside the electromagnet, bearings are respectively arranged at two ends of the iron cylinder, iron powder is filled between the side wall of the electromagnet and the inner wall of the iron cylinder, and a gear ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the iron cylinder; a baffle with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the two magnetic rollers, a distributing block is arranged right below the baffle, and a connecting rod is fixedly arranged between the baffle and the distributing block; a vertical plate with the length direction parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet is arranged under the magnetic roller, and a first collecting groove is arranged under the distributing block. The rare earth alloy raw material treatment device is used for classifying and screening the rare earth alloy raw materials through magnetic force to obtain the rare earth alloy raw materials such as big fragments, small fragments, particles and the like, and the screening effect is good and the screening efficiency is high.

Description

Rare earth alloy raw material treatment method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for processing a rare earth alloy raw material, belonging to the technical field of rare earth material processing.
Background
The rare earth permanent magnet material neodymium iron boron is an important magnetic material, has excellent magnetic property and is called as 'magnetic king', and is widely applied to modern industry and electronic technology. In the production and manufacture of neodymium iron boron, neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy fragments are firstly smelted and manufactured, then the neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy fragments are processed and manufactured into powder, finally the neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy powder is aggregated and molded, then sintering is carried out, and finally the neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy powder is cut into the required size.
In the manufacturing process of the neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy fragments, each raw material is firstly smelted into liquid alloy liquid, then refined, cooled to form large alloy sheets, and then the alloy sheets are crushed by two mutually matched crushing rollers to obtain the crushed massive neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy fragments. Because the crushing of the alloy sheets is random, the alloy sheets are usually crushed into a plurality of large-sized fragments (the weight is more than 3 g), a plurality of small-sized fragments (the weight is 0.55-3 g) and a small amount of particles (the weight is less than 0.55 g), and the raw materials such as the large-sized fragments, the small-sized fragments, the particles and the like can be processed into rare earth alloys with different purposes according to different purposes; however, the crushing of the alloy flakes is random, resulting in irregular shapes of the large and small flakes, which makes screening the large and small flakes by sieving always present in the fish with a net, and usually, 20% -35% (mass ratio) of the large flakes remain after screening, and the large flakes of the part usually need to be manually rechecked, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a rare earth alloy raw material treatment method and a device thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a rare earth alloy raw materials processing apparatus, includes two magnetism rollers that level set up, magnetism roller includes cylindric electro-magnet, overlaps the iron barrel of establishing in the electro-magnet outside, the both ends of electro-magnet all set up in the outside of iron barrel, the both ends of iron barrel are provided with the bearing respectively, the outer lane of bearing and the inner wall sealing connection of iron barrel, the inner circle cover of bearing is established in the outside of electro-magnet and the inner circle sealing connection of bearing and the lateral wall of electro-magnet, the lateral wall of electro-magnet and the inner wall of iron barrel are filled with the iron powder, the ring gear has set firmly to one end of iron barrel, the ring gear cover is established in the outside of electro-magnet; a baffle with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the two magnetic rollers, the length direction of the baffle is parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet, a gap is arranged between the baffle and the iron cylinder, a distributing block is arranged right below the baffle, the cross section of the distributing block is isosceles triangle, a gap is arranged between the waist edge of the distributing block and the iron cylinder, and a connecting rod is fixedly arranged between the baffle and the distributing block; a vertical plate with the length direction parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet is arranged under the magnetic roller, and a gap is arranged between the top of the vertical plate and the iron cylinder; a first collecting tank is arranged right below the distributing block, and the first collecting tank is arranged below the vertical plate.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, annular second baffles are respectively arranged at the two ends of the iron cylinder body, and the inner ring of each second baffle is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the iron cylinder body.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, a plurality of vertical opening seams are formed in the top of the vertical plate, and the openings of the opening seams face upwards.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, two sides of the first collecting tank are respectively provided with a second collecting tank, and the second collecting tanks are arranged on the outer sides of the vertical plates.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, a scraping plate is arranged on the side, far away from the connecting rod, of the magnetic roller, and a gap of 3-5 mm is arranged between the head end of the scraping plate and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder body.
A rare earth alloy raw material treatment method adopts the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device to carry out magnetic separation on neodymium iron boron ribbon alloy fragments.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is poured down between the two magnetic rollers, the steering directions of the two iron cylinders are opposite, and the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is shunted by the baffle and the distributor block and is electrified by the electromagnet to generate magnetic force to be adsorbed on the outer side of the iron cylinders; in the process that the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material moves along with the rotation of the iron cylinder, the gravity born by a part of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is larger than the magnetic force, so that the part of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material falls into the first collecting tank under the action of the gravity; when the part of the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments moves to the vicinity of the top of the vertical plate, the part of the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments are blocked by the top of the vertical plate, so that the part of the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments are finally separated from the iron cylinder body and fall into the first collecting groove; and finally, the part of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material passes through a gap between the top of the vertical plate and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder body and continuously rotates along with the iron cylinder body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device and the method provided by the invention are used for classifying and screening the rare earth alloy raw materials through magnetic force to obtain the rare earth alloy raw materials such as large fragments, small fragments, particles and the like, and have the advantages of good screening effect and high screening efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rare earth alloy raw material treatment device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the magnetic roller according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the riser according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device comprises two horizontally arranged magnetic rollers 10, wherein each magnetic roller 10 comprises a cylindrical electromagnet 11 and an iron cylinder 12 sleeved outside the electromagnet 11, both ends of each electromagnet 11 are arranged outside the iron cylinder 12, both ends of each iron cylinder 12 are respectively provided with a bearing 13, the outer ring of each bearing 13 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the corresponding iron cylinder 12, the inner ring of each bearing 13 is sleeved outside the electromagnet 11 and the inner ring of each bearing 13 is in sealing connection with the side wall of the corresponding electromagnet 11, iron powder 14 is filled between the side wall of the corresponding electromagnet 11 and the inner wall of the corresponding iron cylinder 12, a gear ring 15 is fixedly arranged at one end of each iron cylinder 12, and the gear ring 15 is sleeved outside the corresponding electromagnet 11; a baffle 20 with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the two magnetic rollers 10, the length direction of the baffle 20 is parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet 11, a gap is arranged between the baffle 20 and the iron cylinder 12, a distributor block 30 is arranged right below the baffle 20, the distributor block 30 is fixed, the cross section of the distributor block 30 is isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the distributor block 30 faces upwards, a gap is arranged between the waist edge of the distributor block 30 and the iron cylinder 12, a connecting rod 21 is fixedly arranged between the baffle 20 and the distributor block 30, for example, one end of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected with the baffle 20, and the other end of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected with the top of the distributor block 30; a vertical plate 50 with the length direction parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet 11 is arranged right below the magnetic roller 10, the lower end of the vertical plate 50 is fixed, and a gap is arranged between the top of the vertical plate 50 and the iron cylinder 12; a first collecting tank 40 is provided directly below the distributor block 30, the first collecting tank 40 being provided below the riser 50.
The outside of the magnetic roller 10 can be provided with a low-speed motor for driving the iron cylinder 12 to rotate, the end part of a rotor in the low-speed motor is fixedly provided with a gear meshed with the gear ring 15, the electromagnet 11 can play a role of a roller shaft, and the electromagnet 11 is fixed, so that the electromagnet 11 is electrically connected with a power supply in a wiring way; the electromagnet 11 and the iron cylinder 12 are connected in a rotating way through the bearing 13, when the iron cylinder 12 rotates under the drive of the low-speed motor, the electromagnet 11 is electrified to generate magnetic force so that the iron powder 14 is magnetized, and the iron cylinder 12 is magnetized under the transmission of the iron powder 14, so that neodymium iron boron rare earth alloy fragments can be adsorbed to the outer side wall of the iron cylinder 12 by the magnetic force. Wherein, in order to prevent the magnetic force from affecting the normal operation of the bearing 13, the bearing 13 can be made of nonferromagnetic materials.
The rare earth alloy raw material treatment method adopts the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device to carry out magnetic separation on neodymium iron boron ribbon alloy fragments, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
pouring the raw materials of the neodymium-iron-boron thin-ribbon alloy fragments downwards between two magnetic rollers 10, wherein the directions of the two iron cylinders 12 are opposite, and the raw materials of the neodymium-iron-boron thin-ribbon alloy fragments are shunted by a baffle 20 and a distributor block 30 and are electrified by an electromagnet 11 to generate magnetic force to be adsorbed on the outer sides of the iron cylinders 12; in the process that the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments move along with the rotation of the iron cylinder 12, the gravity of a part of the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments is larger than the magnetic force, so that the part of the raw materials of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragments fall into the first collecting tank 40 under the action of the gravity; also a portion of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy scrap material is blocked by the top of riser 50 as it moves to near the top of riser 50 so that it eventually breaks away from iron cylinder 12 and falls into the interior of first collection trough 40; the last portion of the nd-fe-b strip alloy scrap material continues to rotate with the barrel 12 through the gap between the top of the riser 50 and the outer sidewall of the barrel 12. The portion of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy scrap material falling into the first collecting tank 40 is large scrap, and the mass of mixed small scrap in the large scrap is not more than 3%. Further, the two sides of the first collecting tank 40 are respectively provided with a second collecting tank 41, and the second collecting tank 41 is arranged outside the riser 50. Further, a scraper 60 is disposed on the side of the magnetic roller 10 away from the connecting rod 21, the tail end of the scraper 60 is fixed, and a gap of 3-5 mm is disposed between the head end of the scraper 60 and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder 12. The portion of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy scrap raw material passing through the gap between the top of the vertical plate 50 and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder 12 is small scrap and crushed particles, wherein the small scrap is forcedly scraped by the scraping plate 60 and finally falls into the second collecting groove 41 under the action of the scraping plate 60, and the crushed particles pass through the gap between the head end of the scraping plate 60 and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder 12 and continue to move along with the rotation of the iron cylinder 12; when a large number of particles are attached to the side wall of the iron cylinder 12, the first collecting tank 40 and the second collecting tank 41 can be taken away, the third collecting tank is placed at the position of the original first collecting tank 40 and the second collecting tank 41, then the electromagnet 11 is powered off, and at the moment, the particles attached to the side wall of the iron cylinder 12 fall into the third collecting tank due to the loss of magnetic force, so that the graded screening of the neodymium-iron-boron ribbon alloy chip raw materials is completed. Wherein, because impact force during movement can cause a small amount of particles to fall into the first collecting tank 40 and the second collecting tank 41, compared with large pieces and small pieces, the volume of the particles is very small, the particles in the first collecting tank 40 and the second collecting tank 41 can be separated in a sieving way, and the aperture of the screen can be designed to be 5mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a plurality of vertical open slits 52 are provided at the top of the riser 50, and the openings of the open slits 52 face upward. The vertical plate 50 can be made of beryllium bronze with excellent elasticity, and the beryllium bronze cannot be magnetized and does not influence blanking; the presence of the open slot 52 allows the top of the riser 50 to be divided into a plurality of elongated, freely sprung spring portions 51. Since a part of the large fragments are screened out by adopting a mode of difference between magnetic force and gravity, a part of the large fragments are screened out from the volume by utilizing a gap between the elastic part 51 and the iron cylinder 12; when the elastic part 51 is bent under resistance, once the resistance disappears, the elastic part can instantly recover, and impact force can be generated in the process, and the impact force is beneficial to knocking down large fragments with the weight at the critical edge adsorbed on the outer part of the iron cylinder 12, so that the screening effect is improved.
Further, two ends of the iron cylinder 12 are respectively provided with an annular second baffle 16, and an inner ring of the second baffle 16 is fixedly connected with an outer side wall of the iron cylinder 12. Under the blocking of the second baffle 16, the leakage of materials from the two ends of the iron cylinder 12 can be effectively prevented.
In the embodiment, the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device utilizes magnetic force to carry out classified screening on the rare earth alloy raw materials to obtain the rare earth alloy raw materials such as big fragments, small fragments and particles, the quality of the mixed small fragments in the big fragments obtained after screening is not more than 3%, the workload of manual rechecking is obviously reduced, the big fragments cannot be mixed in the small fragments obtained after screening, the screening effect is good, and the screening efficiency is high.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a rare earth alloy raw materials processing apparatus which characterized in that: the magnetic roller (10) comprises two horizontally arranged magnetic rollers (10), wherein each magnetic roller (10) comprises a cylindrical electromagnet (11) and an iron cylinder body (12) sleeved outside the electromagnet (11), both ends of each electromagnet (11) are arranged outside the corresponding iron cylinder body (12), bearings (13) are respectively arranged at both ends of each iron cylinder body (12), the outer ring of each bearing (13) is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the corresponding iron cylinder body (12), the inner ring of each bearing (13) is sleeved outside the corresponding electromagnet (11) and in sealing connection with the inner ring of each bearing (13) and the side wall of the corresponding electromagnet (11), iron powder (14) is filled between the side wall of the corresponding electromagnet (11) and the inner wall of the corresponding iron cylinder body (12), a gear ring (15) is fixedly arranged at one end of each iron cylinder body (12), and the gear ring (15) is sleeved outside the corresponding electromagnet (11); a baffle (20) with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged between the two magnetic rollers (10), the length direction of the baffle (20) is parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet (11), a gap is arranged between the baffle (20) and the iron cylinder body (12), a distributing block (30) is arranged right below the baffle (20), the cross section of the distributing block (30) is isosceles triangle, a gap is arranged between the waist edge of the distributing block (30) and the iron cylinder body (12), and a connecting rod (21) is fixedly arranged between the baffle (20) and the distributing block (30); a vertical plate (50) with the length direction parallel to the length direction of the electromagnet (11) is arranged under the magnetic roller (10), and a gap is arranged between the top of the vertical plate (50) and the iron cylinder body (12); a first collecting tank (40) is arranged right below the distributing block (30), and the first collecting tank (40) is arranged below the vertical plate (50);
the top of the vertical plate (50) is provided with a plurality of vertical opening slits (52), and the openings of the opening slits (52) face upwards;
two sides of the first collecting groove (40) are respectively provided with a second collecting groove (41), and the second collecting grooves (41) are arranged on the outer sides of the vertical plates (50);
the side of the magnetic roller (10) far away from the connecting rod (21) is provided with a scraping plate (60), and a gap of 3-5 mm is arranged between the head end of the scraping plate (60) and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder body (12).
2. The rare earth alloy raw material processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the iron cylinder body (12) are respectively provided with an annular second baffle (16), and the inner ring of the second baffle (16) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the iron cylinder body (12).
3. A method for processing rare earth alloy raw materials is characterized in that: the rare earth alloy raw material treatment device according to claim 1 or 2 is used for carrying out magnetic separation on the neodymium iron boron ribbon alloy fragments.
4. A method for treating a rare earth alloy raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is poured downwards between two magnetic rollers (10), the directions of the two iron cylinders (12) are opposite, and the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is shunted by a baffle (20) and a distributor block (30) and is electrified by an electromagnet (11) to generate magnetic force to be adsorbed on the outer sides of the iron cylinders (12); in the process that the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material moves along with the rotation of the iron cylinder body (12), the gravity of a part of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material is larger than the magnetic force, so that the part of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment raw material falls into the first collecting groove (40) under the action of the gravity; also a portion of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment material is blocked by the top of the riser (50) when moving to near the top of the riser (50) so that the portion of the neodymium iron boron thin strip alloy fragment material eventually breaks away from the iron cylinder (12) and falls into the interior of the first collection trough (40); the last part of the NdFeB thin strip alloy chip raw material passes through the gap between the top of the vertical plate (50) and the outer side wall of the iron cylinder (12) and continuously rotates along with the iron cylinder (12).
CN201811188530.8A 2018-10-12 2018-10-12 Rare earth alloy raw material treatment method and device Active CN109046762B (en)

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CN207463435U (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-08 江西省宜丰万国矿业有限公司 A kind of concentrate magnetic separation fast separation device
CN208407314U (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-01-22 安徽包钢稀土永磁合金制造有限责任公司 A kind of rare earth alloy material processing device

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CN1765521A (en) * 2005-09-16 2006-05-03 黄强 Method for separating feldspar and quartz from silica sand
CN101385991A (en) * 2008-10-20 2009-03-18 海盐机械厂 Controllable iron ore dry dressing machine
CN102211059A (en) * 2011-02-16 2011-10-12 北京博源恒升高科技有限公司 High-field-intensity and high-gradient permanent magnetic separator
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CN207463435U (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-08 江西省宜丰万国矿业有限公司 A kind of concentrate magnetic separation fast separation device
CN208407314U (en) * 2018-10-12 2019-01-22 安徽包钢稀土永磁合金制造有限责任公司 A kind of rare earth alloy material processing device

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Address after: No. 1, Chuangye Avenue, High tech Development Zone, Lujiang County, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230000

Applicant after: North rare earth (Anhui) permanent magnet Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 230000 north side of Juner Road, Wanshan Town, Lujiang County, Hefei City, Anhui Province

Applicant before: ANHUI BAO TOU STEEL RARE EARTH PERMANENT MAGNETIC ALLOY INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.

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