CN109038594B - A kind of analysis method and system for load shedding fixed value of stability control device - Google Patents

A kind of analysis method and system for load shedding fixed value of stability control device Download PDF

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CN109038594B
CN109038594B CN201810925639.9A CN201810925639A CN109038594B CN 109038594 B CN109038594 B CN 109038594B CN 201810925639 A CN201810925639 A CN 201810925639A CN 109038594 B CN109038594 B CN 109038594B
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power
load shedding
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CN109038594A (en
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何晓峰
谢宇翔
程韧俐
付超
马伟哲
涂亮
赵睿
李诗旸
吴小珊
徐敏
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China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法及系统,其方法包括步骤:选取切负荷防误判据的关键站点,并确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型;确定负荷段数量,并给出各负荷段的上下限,计算不同下送功率发生选定故障后为保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量;求解基值和切除系数,给出初步整定方案,然后将整个整定方案综合考虑,并对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案;当电网出现故障时该系统可以正确动作且尽量少地切除负荷,状态发生改变后能方便地给出符合需要的新定值。

Figure 201810925639

The invention discloses a method and a system for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of a stability control device. The method includes the steps of: selecting a key site for load shedding error prevention criteria, and determining the operation mode and fault type that need to be studied for the key site; determining the load Calculate the number of sections, and give the upper and lower limits of each load section, calculate the minimum load shedding required to maintain stability after the selected fault with different downfeed powers; The setting scheme is comprehensively considered, and the base value and the cut-off coefficient are optimized and adjusted to obtain the final setting scheme; when the power grid fails, the system can operate correctly and cut off the load as little as possible. After the state changes, it can be easily given to meet the needs new value.

Figure 201810925639

Description

一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法及系统A kind of analysis method and system for load shedding fixed value of stability control device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电力系统继电保护领域,尤其涉及一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法及系统。The invention relates to the field of power system relay protection, in particular to an analysis method and system for load-shedding fixed value of a stability control device.

背景技术Background technique

随着电网的互联,电力系统规模日益增大,可能存在的稳定问题也日益增多。电力系统实际运行中可能遇到N-2故障,其中部分故障会导致严重后果,需要运用稳定控制技术以确保系统稳定,稳定控制技术的核心是稳控装置。With the interconnection of the power grid, the scale of the power system is increasing, and the possible stability problems are also increasing. In the actual operation of the power system, N-2 faults may be encountered, and some of them will lead to serious consequences. Stability control technology needs to be used to ensure the stability of the system. The core of the stability control technology is the stability control device.

稳控装置在异常情况下能够动作切除负荷或机组,保证系统稳定,具有针对性强、可靠性高的优点。然而,其作用的发挥很大程度依赖于合理的定值整定,而目前尚无系统化的切负荷定值整定方法,定值确定主要依靠经验,没有统一的标准,且系统状态发生改变后需要重新进行大量工作方能获得新定值。The stability control device can act to cut off the load or unit under abnormal conditions to ensure the stability of the system, and has the advantages of strong pertinence and high reliability. However, its role depends to a large extent on reasonable set value tuning, and there is no systematic load shedding set value tuning method at present. A lot of work is done again to get the new setting.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明实施例要解决的技术问题是提供一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法及系统,在出现故障时,应用该方法的系统可以正确动作且尽量少地切除负荷,在系统状态发生改变后能方便地给出符合需要的新定值。The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for analyzing the load shedding value of a stability control device. When a fault occurs, the system applying the method can operate correctly and cut off the load as little as possible. After the change, the new setting that meets the needs can be easily given.

本发明所要解决的技术问题通过如下技术方案实现:The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法,包括如下步骤:A method for analyzing the load-shedding fixed value of a stability control device, comprising the following steps:

选取电网典型运行方式,模拟预想故障,针对低电压问题突出站点进行分析,选取切负荷防误判据的关键站点,并确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,然后对选取的关键点确定其负荷段上、下限功率;Select the typical operation mode of the power grid, simulate the expected faults, analyze the prominent sites with low voltage problems, select the key sites for load shedding error prevention criteria, and determine the operation mode and fault type that need to be studied for the key sites, and then determine the selected key points. The upper and lower limit power of its load section;

在需研究的运行方式的基础上,逐渐减少关键站点下送功率直至系统在选定故障后稳定,以此为依据,确定负荷段数量,并给出各负荷段的上下限功率,运用仿真软件,计算各下送功率下,发生选定故障后为保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量;On the basis of the operation mode to be studied, gradually reduce the power delivered by key stations until the system is stabilized after the selected fault. Based on this, the number of load sections is determined, and the upper and lower power limits of each load section are given, and the simulation software is used. , calculate the minimum load shedding required to maintain stability after the selected fault occurs under each delivery power;

根据下送功率处于各负荷段上下限功率时发生故障所需切负荷量值,求解基值和切除系数,给出初步整定方案,然后将整个整定方案综合考虑,并对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案。According to the load shedding value required for failure when the down-transmission power is at the upper and lower limit power of each load section, the base value and the cut-off coefficient are solved, and the preliminary tuning scheme is given. Optimize the adjustment to get the final tuning scheme.

优先地,所述关键站点校核发生选定故障时的电压在暂态过程中低于0.75p.u.时间不超过1s,且恢复电压应在0.90p.u.以上,其中,p.u.=实际电压值/基准电压值。无量纲,其中基准值可以选电网标称电压,也可以选电网平均电压。例如:当以标称电压作基准值时,如果p.u.=1,就表示实际电压值等于电网标称电压,即实际值=基准值×p.u.值。Preferably, the voltage at the time of the selected fault in the key site check is lower than 0.75p.u. for no more than 1s during the transient process, and the recovery voltage should be above 0.90p.u., where p.u.=actual voltage value/reference voltage value . Dimensionless, in which the reference value can be selected from the nominal voltage of the grid or the average voltage of the grid. For example: when the nominal voltage is used as the reference value, if p.u.=1, it means that the actual voltage value is equal to the nominal voltage of the grid, that is, the actual value=reference value×p.u. value.

优先地,初步计算切除系数k0,k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin),其中,Pmax为关键站点负荷段功率上限,Lmax为Pmax对应的最小切负荷量,Pmin为负荷段功率下限,Lmin为Pmin对应的最小切负荷量;优化切除系数k,k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2);计算基值Pbase,

Figure GDA0002321793540000021
Figure GDA0002321793540000022
表示向下取整。Preliminarily, the removal coefficient k0 is initially calculated, k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin), where Pmax is the upper limit of the power in the load section of the key site, Lmax is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmax, and Pmin is the lower limit of the power in the load section. , Lmin is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmin; optimize the removal coefficient k, k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2); calculate the base value Pbase,
Figure GDA0002321793540000021
Figure GDA0002321793540000022
Indicates rounded down.

优先地,优化后的切除系数调整,kp=sum(ki)/n,其中,kp为平均切除系数,ki为各负荷段优化切除系数,n为负荷段数,kp按最接近原则调整为0.8至1.2中的一个,间隔为0.1;基值调整,若k0>kp,则

Figure GDA0002321793540000023
否则
Figure GDA0002321793540000024
First, the optimized cut-off coefficient adjustment, kp=sum(ki)/n, where kp is the average cut-off coefficient, ki is the optimized cut-off coefficient of each load section, n is the number of load sections, and kp is adjusted from 0.8 to 0.8 according to the closest principle. One of 1.2, the interval is 0.1; base value adjustment, if k0>kp, then
Figure GDA0002321793540000023
otherwise
Figure GDA0002321793540000024

一种稳控装置切负荷定值的分析系统,包括:An analysis system for load-shedding fixed value of a stability control device, comprising:

选取模块,用于对低电压问题突出站点进行分析,选取切负荷防误判据的关键站点,并确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,然后对选取的关键点确定其负荷段上、下限功率;The selection module is used to analyze the prominent sites with low voltage problems, select the key sites for load shedding and misjudgment prevention, and determine the operation modes and fault types that need to be studied for the key sites. lower limit power;

负荷处理模块,用于确定负荷段数量,并给出各负荷段的上、下限功率,计算不同下送功率发生选定故障后仍保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量;The load processing module is used to determine the number of load sections, and to give the upper and lower power limits of each load section, and to calculate the minimum load shedding required to maintain stability even after the selected fault occurs with different down-delivery powers;

分析计算模块,用于根据负荷段上、下限功率及其对应的最小需切负荷量之间的关系求解基值和切除系数,给出初步整定方案,并从整个整定方案考虑,对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案。The analysis and calculation module is used to solve the base value and cut-off coefficient according to the relationship between the upper and lower limit power of the load section and the corresponding minimum required load cut amount, and to give a preliminary setting scheme. Considering the whole setting scheme, the base value and The cutting coefficient is optimized and adjusted to obtain the final tuning scheme.

实施本方案具有如下有益效果:本发明对低电压问题突出站点进行分析并选取关键站点,确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,然后对选取的关键站点确定其负荷段上、下限功率、负荷段数量及不同功率对应的所需最小切负荷量;最后根据负荷段上、下限功率及其对应的最少需切负荷量之间的关系初步计算切除系数及基值,再对整个整定方案综合考虑,对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案。在出现故障时,应用该方法的系统可以正确动作且尽量少地切除负荷,在系统状态发生改变后能方便地给出符合需要的新定值。The implementation of this scheme has the following beneficial effects: the present invention analyzes the sites with prominent low voltage problems and selects key sites, determines the operation mode and fault type that need to be studied for the key sites, and then determines the upper and lower limit power of the load section for the selected key sites. The number of load sections and the required minimum load shedding amount corresponding to different powers; finally, according to the relationship between the upper and lower limit power of the load section and the corresponding minimum required load shedding amount, the shedding coefficient and base value are initially calculated, and then the entire tuning scheme is synthesized. Consider, optimize and adjust the base value and cut-off coefficient to obtain the final tuning scheme. When a fault occurs, the system applying this method can operate correctly and remove the load as little as possible, and can conveniently give a new set value that meets the needs after the system state changes.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法实施例的流程示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of an analysis method for a load-shedding fixed value of a stability control device according to the present invention;

图2是实施例中关键站点下送功率3300MW时无切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 2 is the system voltage response curve under no load shedding strategy when the power delivered by the key site is 3300MW in the embodiment;

图3是实施例中关键站点下送功率3100MW时无切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 3 is the system voltage response curve under no load shedding strategy when the power delivered by the key site is 3100MW in the embodiment;

图4是实施例中关键站点下送功率2900MW时无切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 4 is the system voltage response curve under no load shedding strategy when the power delivered by the key site is 2900MW in the embodiment;

图5是实施例中关键站点下送功率2700MW时无切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 5 is the system voltage response curve under no load shedding strategy when the power delivered by the key site is 2700MW in the embodiment;

图6是实施例中关键站点下送功率3300MW时有切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 6 is the system voltage response curve under the load shedding strategy when the key site delivers 3300MW of power in the embodiment;

图7是实施例中关键站点下送功率3100MW时有切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 7 is the system voltage response curve under the load shedding strategy when the key site delivers 3100 MW of power in the embodiment;

图8是实施例中关键站点下送功率2900MW时有切负荷策略下系统电压响应曲线;Fig. 8 is the system voltage response curve under the load shedding strategy when the key site delivers 2900 MW of power in the embodiment;

图9是本发明稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法提供的一种实施例整定结果示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a tuning result according to an embodiment provided by the analysis method of the load shedding setting of the stability control device according to the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图,对本实施例中具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。The specific implementation in this embodiment will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

以下说明中,首先对稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法实施例进行说明,再对稳控装置切负荷定值的分析系统实施例进行说明。In the following description, firstly, the embodiment of the analysis method for the constant value of the load shedding of the stability control device will be described, and then the embodiment of the analysis system of the constant value of the load shedding of the stability control device will be described.

参见图1所示,为本发明稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法实施例的流程示意图。Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the method for analyzing the load-shedding constant value of the stability control device according to the present invention.

如图1所示,本实施例中的稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法包括如下步骤:As shown in Figure 1, the method for analyzing the load-shedding value of the stability control device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

步骤S100:选取电网典型运行方式,模拟预想故障,针对低电压问题突出站点进行分析,选取切负荷防误判据的关键站点,并确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,具体实施如下。Step S100: Select a typical operation mode of the power grid, simulate the expected fault, analyze the prominent sites with low voltage problems, select key sites for load shedding and error prevention criteria, and determine the operation mode and fault type that need to be studied for the key sites. The specific implementation is as follows.

步骤S101:根据电网各典型运行方式及潮流图,分析系统主要的交流与直流传输线路;Step S101: Analyze the main AC and DC transmission lines of the system according to each typical operation mode and power flow diagram of the power grid;

步骤S102:针对上述线路设置不同类型、不同地域的故障,并对其进行N-2时域仿真,观测各变电站电压扰动响应曲线,在电网主要交流与直流传输断面附近选取真实反映系统暂态稳定特性的重要变电站,将该变电站的电压作为切负荷防误判据;Step S102: Set up faults of different types and different regions for the above-mentioned lines, and perform N-2 time domain simulation on them, observe the voltage disturbance response curves of each substation, and select near the main AC and DC transmission sections of the power grid to truly reflect the transient stability of the system For important substations with special characteristics, the voltage of the substation is used as the load shedding anti-misjudgment criterion;

步骤S103:比较不同运行方式面对不同故障时切负荷量大小,确定需要研究的运行方式和故障类型。Step S103: Compare the load shedding amount when different operation modes face different faults, and determine the operation mode and fault type to be studied.

经检验,南方电网粤北大发和夏大运行方式下,发生从博N-2故障、花从N-2故障、从木N-2故障、木麒N-2故障时存在暂态低电压失稳问题,220kV某关键站点低电压问题突出,且其下送功率与切负荷量关系密切,因此选择该关键站点作为切负荷防误判据站点。经比较,粤北大发方式下发生从博N-2故障需切负荷量最多,因此需要研究的运行方式和故障类型分别为粤北大发方式和从博N-2故障。After inspection, under the operation modes of Guangdong North Dafa and Xia Dafa of China Southern Power Grid, there is a transient low voltage failure when the fault of Cong Bo N-2, Hua Cong N-2, Cong Mu N-2, and Mu Qi N-2 fault occur. The low voltage problem of a key site of 220kV is prominent, and its transmission power is closely related to the load shedding amount. Therefore, this key site is selected as the load shedding prevention misjudgment site. After comparison, the fault of slave N-2 in northern Guangdong requires the largest amount of load shedding. Therefore, the operation mode and fault type to be studied are northern Guangdong and slave N-2 faults respectively.

步骤S200:在需研究的运行方式的基础上,逐渐减少关键站点下送功率直至系统在选定故障后稳定,以此为依据,确定负荷段数量,并给出各负荷段的上下限,运用仿真软件,计算各下送功率下,发生选定故障后为保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量,具体实施如下。Step S200: On the basis of the operation mode to be studied, gradually reduce the power delivered by key sites until the system is stabilized after the selected fault. Based on this, the number of load sections is determined, and the upper and lower limits of each load section are given. The simulation software calculates the minimum load shedding required to maintain stability after the selected fault occurs under each transmission power. The specific implementation is as follows.

步骤S201:以需研究的运行方式为基础,确定当前系统所述关键站点最大下送功率,以最大下送功率或者最大下送功率加一定裕度作为负荷段功率上限,并校核发生选定故障时的最少需切负荷量;Step S201: Based on the operation mode to be studied, determine the maximum delivery power of the key sites in the current system, take the maximum delivery power or the maximum delivery power plus a certain margin as the upper limit of the power of the load section, and check the occurrence selection. Minimum required load shedding in case of failure;

步骤S202:逐渐降低关键站点下送功率,直至系统能在选定故障下无需切负荷即可保持稳定,以无需切负荷时的下送功率或该功率再减少一定量作为负荷段功率下限;Step S202: Gradually reduce the delivery power of key sites until the system can maintain stability without load shedding under the selected fault, and use the delivered power when no load shedding is required or the power is reduced by a certain amount as the lower power limit of the load segment;

步骤S203:基于确定的负荷段上下限选取恰当的负荷段数;Step S203: selecting an appropriate number of load stages based on the determined upper and lower limits of the load stage;

步骤S204:运用仿真软件,计算各下送功率下,发生选定故障后为保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量。Step S204: Using the simulation software, calculate the minimum required load shedding amount required to maintain stability after the selected fault occurs under each delivery power.

粤北大发方式木棉站最大下送功率为3300MW,因此从3300MW起逐渐下降下送功率,直至无切负荷策略时系统发生从博N-2故障也能稳定为止,并将此时的下送功率作为负荷段下限。如图2、图3、图4和图5分别给出了无切负荷策略时,上述关键站点下送功率为3300MW、3100MW、2900MW和2700MW情况下发生从博N-2故障后的关键站点仿真电压曲线。图2中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.62p.u.,低于0.75p.u.,系统不稳定;图3中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.68p.u.,低于0.75p.u.,系统不稳定;图4中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.73p.u.,低于0.75p.u.,系统不稳定;图5中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.84p.u.,高于0.75p.u.,且恢复电压高于0.90p.u.,系统稳定。将其与稳定判据进行比较可知,上述关键站点下送功率为3300MW、3100MW、2900MW情况发生N-2故障系统不稳定,而下送2700MW时发生从博N-2故障后系统稳定。因而负荷段下限应设置为2700MW,目前系统最大下送功率为3300MW,考虑未来增长可能,上限设为3500MW,每段上下限差距为200MW。The maximum downlink power of the Kapok station in Dafa mode in northern Guangdong is 3300MW, so the downlink power is gradually decreased from 3300MW until the system can be stabilized when there is a fault from Bo N-2 without load shedding strategy, and the downlink power at this time is as the lower limit of the load segment. Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the simulation of the key site after the failure of the slave N-2 when the power of the above key sites is 3300MW, 3100MW, 2900MW and 2700MW when there is no load shedding strategy, respectively. voltage curve. In Figure 2, after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.62p.u., lower than 0.75p.u., the system is unstable; in Figure 3, after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.68p.u., lower than 0.75p.u., the system is unstable; in Figure 4, the fault is cleared 1.0 After s, the voltage is 0.73p.u., lower than 0.75p.u., the system is unstable; in Figure 5, after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.84p.u., higher than 0.75p.u., and the recovery voltage is higher than 0.90p.u., the system is stable. Comparing it with the stability criterion, it can be seen that the system is unstable when the N-2 fault occurs when the transmission power of the above-mentioned key sites is 3300MW, 3100MW, and 2900MW, while the system is stable after the N-2 fault occurs when the transmission power is 2700MW. Therefore, the lower limit of the load section should be set to 2700MW, and the current maximum downlink power of the system is 3300MW. Considering the possibility of future growth, the upper limit is set to 3500MW, and the difference between the upper and lower limits of each section is 200MW.

运用仿真软件,计算不同下送功率时发生从博N-2故障需切负荷量,整理结果见表1。切除负荷后的系统效果图见图6、图7和图8。The simulation software is used to calculate the load shedding amount of the slave N-2 fault when the power is different. The results are shown in Table 1. Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the system effect diagrams after load removal.

表1关键站点仿真不同下送功率发生从博N-2故障需切负荷量:Table 1. The load shedding amount required to simulate the occurrence of slave N-2 faults with different downlink powers at key sites:

下送功率Downlink power 稳定情况stable situation 切负荷量load cut 3500MW3500MW 暂态低电压问题Transient low voltage problem 需切负荷900MWNeed to cut load 900MW 3300MW3300MW 暂态低电压问题Transient low voltage problem 需切负荷770MWNeed to cut load 770MW 3100MW3100MW 暂态低电压问题Transient low voltage problem 需切负荷510MWNeed to cut load 510MW 2900MW2900MW 暂态低电压问题Transient low voltage problem 需切负荷230MWNeed to cut load 230MW 2700MW2700MW 暂态低电压问题Transient low voltage problem 无需切负荷No load shedding required

图6中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.83p.u.,高于0.75p.u.,且恢复电压高于0.90p.u.,说明系统稳定;图7说明中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.83p.u.,高于0.75p.u.,且恢复电压高于0.90p.u.,说明系统稳定;图8说明中故障清除1.0s后,电压0.81p.u.,高于0.75p.u.,且恢复电压高于0.90p.u.,说明系统稳定。In Figure 6, after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.83p.u., higher than 0.75p.u., and the recovery voltage is higher than 0.90p.u., indicating that the system is stable; Figure 7 shows that after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.83p.u., higher than 0.75p.u., and The recovery voltage is higher than 0.90p.u., indicating that the system is stable; Figure 8 shows that after the fault is cleared for 1.0s, the voltage is 0.81p.u., higher than 0.75p.u., and the recovery voltage is higher than 0.90p.u., indicating that the system is stable.

步骤S300:根据下送功率处于各负荷段上下限时发生故障所需切负荷量值,并求解基值和切除系数,给出初步整定方案,然后将整个整定方案综合考虑,并对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案,具体如下。Step S300: According to the load shedding value required for failure when the down transmission power is at the upper and lower limits of each load section, and solve the base value and the cutoff coefficient, a preliminary tuning scheme is given, and then the entire tuning scheme is comprehensively considered, and the base value and cutoff The coefficients are optimized and adjusted to obtain the final tuning scheme, as follows.

步骤S301:初步计算切除系数k0,k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin),Step S301: Preliminarily calculate the excision coefficient k0, k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin),

其中,为关键站点负荷段功率上限,Lmax为Pmax对应的最小切负荷量,Pmin为负荷段功率下限,Lmin为Pmin对应的最小切负荷量;Among them, is the upper limit of the power of the load section of the key site, Lmax is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmax, Pmin is the lower limit of the load section power, and Lmin is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmin;

优化切除系数k,k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2);Optimized excision coefficient k, k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2);

计算基值Pbase,

Figure GDA0002321793540000071
Calculate the base value Pbase,
Figure GDA0002321793540000071

步骤S302:优化后的切除系数调整,判断切除系数k是否一致,如不同,则计算kp=sum(ki)/n,其中,kp为平均切除系数,ki为各负荷段优化切除系数,n为负荷段数,kp按最接近原则调整为0.8至1.2中的一个,间隔为0.1;Step S302: Adjust the optimized cut-off coefficient, determine whether the cut-off coefficient k is consistent, if different, calculate kp=sum(ki)/n, where kp is the average cut-off coefficient, ki is the optimized cut-off coefficient of each load segment, and n is The number of load segments, kp is adjusted to one of 0.8 to 1.2 according to the closest principle, and the interval is 0.1;

基值调整,若k0>kp,则

Figure GDA0002321793540000072
否则
Figure GDA0002321793540000073
Base value adjustment, if k0>kp, then
Figure GDA0002321793540000072
otherwise
Figure GDA0002321793540000073

根据上述关键站点各负荷段上下限发生故障所需切负荷量值,初步并求解基值和切除系数具体过程如下,结果见表2。According to the load shedding value required for the failure of the upper and lower limits of each load section of the above-mentioned key sites, the specific process of initially solving the base value and the shedding coefficient is as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.

2700-2900:k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(230-0)/200=1.152700-2900: k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(230-0)/200=1.15

k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2)=1.15k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2)=1.15

Figure GDA0002321793540000074
Figure GDA0002321793540000074

2900-3100:k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(510-230)/200=1.42900-3100: k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(510-230)/200=1.4

k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2)=1.2k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2)=1.2

Figure GDA0002321793540000075
Figure GDA0002321793540000075

3100-3300:k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(770-510)/200=1.33100-3300: k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(770-510)/200=1.3

k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2)=1.2k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2)=1.2

Figure GDA0002321793540000081
Figure GDA0002321793540000081

3300-3500:k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(900-770)/200=0.653300-3500: k0=(Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin)=(900-770)/200=0.65

k=min(max(k0,0.8),1.2)=0.8k=min(max(k0, 0.8), 1.2)=0.8

Figure GDA0002321793540000082
Figure GDA0002321793540000082

表2关键站点各负荷段初步计算的基值及切除系数:Table 2 Preliminary calculation of the base value and cut-off coefficient of each load segment at key sites:

负荷段load section PbasePbase k0k0 2700-29002700-2900 27002700 1.151.15 2900-31002900-3100 27082708 1.21.2 3100-33003100-3300 26752675 1.21.2 3300-35003300-3500 23372337 0.80.8

从表2可知关键站点各负荷段初步计算的切除系数不同,将整个整定方案整体考虑,并进行如下优化调整,具体步骤见下,结果见表2。It can be seen from Table 2 that the initially calculated cut-off coefficients for each load section of the key station are different. The entire tuning scheme is considered as a whole, and the following optimization adjustments are made. The specific steps are as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.

平均切除系数:kp=(1.15+1.2+1.2+0.8)/4=1.1(取整后)Average excision coefficient: kp=(1.15+1.2+1.2+0.8)/4=1.1 (after rounding)

2700-2900:

Figure GDA0002321793540000083
2700-2900:
Figure GDA0002321793540000083

2900-3100:

Figure GDA0002321793540000084
2900-3100:
Figure GDA0002321793540000084

3100-3300:

Figure GDA0002321793540000085
3100-3300:
Figure GDA0002321793540000085

3300-3500:

Figure GDA0002321793540000086
3300-3500:
Figure GDA0002321793540000086

表3关键站点各负荷段优化计算的基值及切除系数:Table 3. Base value and cut-off coefficient for optimization calculation of each load segment at key sites:

负荷段load section PbasePbase kk 2700-29002700-2900 26902690 1.11.1 2900-31002900-3100 26362636 1.11.1 3100-33003100-3300 26002600 1.11.1 3300-35003300-3500 26002600 1.11.1

将关键站点各负荷段初步计算的基值及切除系数、优化计算后的基值及切除系数方案对应曲线绘制成最终的整体效果图,参见图9。图中的黑色圆点对应给定负荷下最少需切负荷量,蓝色虚线为初步定值整定结果,红色实线为优化后最终的定值整定结果。蓝色虚线能确保在给定下送功率时切负荷量满足要求,但当实际下送功率值不为给定功率时,如下送功率由3300MW略微减少为3299MW,此时系统运行方式基本不变,需切负荷量也不会有明显减少,但此时蓝色需线的切负荷量会有较大的减少,可能无法满足系统稳定需求,但红色实线表示的最终整定方案较好地解决了这一问题。除此之外,与初步整定方案存在多个k0值不同,最终整定方案各段的k值基本一致,有效地减少了下定值人员以及执行定值人员误填各段k值的可能性。The base value and cut-off coefficient initially calculated for each load section of the key station, the base value after optimization calculation and the corresponding curve of cut-off coefficient scheme are drawn into the final overall effect diagram, see Figure 9. The black dots in the figure correspond to the minimum load to be cut under a given load, the blue dotted line is the preliminary setting result, and the red solid line is the final setting result after optimization. The blue dotted line can ensure that the load shedding amount meets the requirements when the given power is delivered, but when the actual delivered power value is not the given power, the following power is slightly reduced from 3300MW to 3299MW, and the system operation mode is basically unchanged at this time. , the load shedding amount will not be significantly reduced, but the load shedding amount of the blue demand line will be greatly reduced at this time, which may not meet the system stability requirements, but the final tuning scheme indicated by the red solid line is a better solution. solved this problem. In addition, different from the multiple k0 values in the preliminary tuning scheme, the k values of each segment of the final tuning scheme are basically the same, which effectively reduces the possibility of the setting personnel and the personnel performing the setting mistake filling in the k value of each segment.

本实施例中的稳控装置切负荷定值的分析系统包括如下步骤:The analysis system for the load shedding value of the stability control device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

步骤S400:选取模块,用于选取切负荷防误判据的关键站点,并确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,具体如下:Step S400: selecting a module for selecting key sites for load shedding error prevention criteria, and determining the operation modes and fault types that need to be studied for the key sites, as follows:

步骤S401:分析单元,用于根据电网各典型运行方式及潮流图,分析系统主要的交流与直流传输线路;Step S401: an analysis unit, configured to analyze the main AC and DC transmission lines of the system according to various typical operation modes and power flow diagrams of the power grid;

步骤S402:第一仿真单元,用于针对已选线路设置不同类型、不同地域的故障,并对其进行N-2时域仿真,观测各变电站电压扰动响应曲线,在电网主要交流与直流传输断面附近选取真实反映系统暂态稳定特性的重要变电站,将该变电站的电压作为切负荷防误判据;Step S402: The first simulation unit is used to set faults of different types and different regions for the selected line, and perform N-2 time domain simulation on it, observe the voltage disturbance response curve of each substation, and observe the main AC and DC transmission sections of the power grid. Select an important substation nearby that truly reflects the transient stability characteristics of the system, and use the voltage of the substation as the load shedding error prevention criterion;

步骤S403:比较单元,比较不同运行方式面对不同故障时切负荷量大小,确定需要研究的运行方式和故障类型。Step S403 : the comparison unit compares the amount of load shedding when different operating modes face different faults, and determines the operating mode and fault type to be studied.

步骤S500:负荷处理模块,用于确定负荷段数量,并给出各负荷段的上下限,计算不同下送功率发生选定故障后仍保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量,具体如下:Step S500: The load processing module is used to determine the number of load sections, and to give the upper and lower limits of each load section, and to calculate the minimum required load shedding amount required to maintain stability even after the selected fault occurs with different down power, the details are as follows:

步骤S501:上限功率确定单元,用于确定关键站点最大下送功率上限;Step S501: an upper limit power determination unit, configured to determine the upper limit of the maximum delivered power of key sites;

步骤S502:下限功率确定单元,用于确定逐渐降低关键站点下送功率,直至系统能在选定故障下无需切负荷即可保持稳定,以无需切负荷时的下送功率或该功率再减少一定量作为负荷段功率下限;Step S502: The lower limit power determination unit is used to determine to gradually reduce the power delivered to key sites until the system can maintain stability without load shedding under the selected fault, so that the delivered power when no load shedding is not required or the power is reduced by a certain amount. The amount is used as the lower limit of the load section power;

步骤S503:负荷段数确定单元,用于根据已选的负荷段上下限确定适当的负荷段数;Step S503: a unit for determining the number of load sections, for determining an appropriate number of load sections according to the upper and lower limits of the selected load sections;

步骤S504:第二仿真单元,用于仿真计算不同下送功率下,发生选定故障后为保持稳定所需最小需切负荷量。Step S504: The second simulation unit is used to simulate and calculate the minimum required load shedding amount required to maintain stability after the selected fault occurs under different transmission powers.

步骤S600:分析计算模块,用于求解基值和切除系数,给出初步整定方案,并从整个整定方案考虑,对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案,具体如下:Step S600: The analysis and calculation module is used to solve the base value and the cut-off coefficient, give a preliminary setting scheme, and consider the entire set-up scheme, optimize and adjust the base value and cut-off coefficient to obtain the final setting scheme, as follows:

步骤S601:初步方案确定单元,用于初步确定切除系数和基值;Step S601: a preliminary scheme determination unit, used for preliminary determination of the excision coefficient and the base value;

步骤S602:优化方案确定单元,用于优化切除系数和基值。Step S602: an optimization scheme determination unit for optimizing the excision coefficient and the base value.

本发明的稳控装置切负荷定值的分析系统与本发明的稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法一一对应,在上述稳控装置切负荷定值的分析方法实施例说明的技术特征及其效果均适用于稳控装置切负荷定值的分析系统实施例中,特此声明。The analysis system of the load shedding constant value of the stability control device of the present invention corresponds to the analysis method of the load shedding constant value of the stability control device of the present invention. The effects are all applicable to the embodiment of the analysis system of the load-shedding constant value of the stability control device, which is hereby declared.

实施本方案具有如下有益效果:本发明对低电压问题突出站点进行分析并选取关键站点,确定关键站点需要研究的运行方式和故障类型,然后对选取的关键站点确定其负荷段上、下限功率、负荷段数量及不同功率对应的所需最小切负荷量;最后根据负荷段上、下限功率及其对应的最少需切负荷量之间的关系初步计算切除系数及基值,再对整个整定方案综合考虑,对基值和切除系数进行优化调整,得到最终的整定方案。在出现故障时,应用该方法的系统可以正确动作且尽量少地切除负荷,在系统状态发生改变后能方便地给出符合需要的新定值。The implementation of this scheme has the following beneficial effects: the present invention analyzes the sites with prominent low voltage problems and selects key sites, determines the operation mode and fault type that need to be studied for the key sites, and then determines the upper and lower limit power of the load section for the selected key sites. The number of load sections and the required minimum load shedding amount corresponding to different powers; finally, according to the relationship between the upper and lower limit power of the load section and the corresponding minimum required load shedding amount, the shedding coefficient and base value are initially calculated, and then the entire tuning scheme is synthesized. Consider, optimize and adjust the base value and cut-off coefficient to obtain the final tuning scheme. When a fault occurs, the system applying this method can operate correctly and remove the load as little as possible, and can conveniently give a new set value that meets the needs after the system state changes.

虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭露如上,但并非用以限定本发明实施的范围。任何本领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的发明范围内,当可作些许的改进,即凡是依照本发明所做的同等改进,应为本发明的范围所涵盖。Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art can make some improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention, that is, all equivalent improvements made according to the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for analyzing a load shedding fixed value of a stability control device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a typical operation mode of a power grid, simulating an expected fault, analyzing a low-voltage problem highlighted site, selecting a key site of a load shedding anti-error criterion, determining an operation mode and a fault type of the key site to be researched, and then determining upper and lower limit powers of a load section of the selected key site;
on the basis of an operation mode to be researched, the descending power of the key station is gradually reduced until the system is stable after a selected fault, the number of load sections is determined on the basis of the descending power of the key station, the upper limit power and the lower limit power of each load section are given, and the minimum load cut required for keeping the stability after the selected fault occurs under each descending power is calculated by using simulation software;
according to the load shedding quantity value required by the fault when the lower power is at the upper limit power and the lower limit power of each load section, the base value and the shedding coefficient are solved, a primary setting scheme is given, then the whole setting scheme is comprehensively considered, and the base value and the shedding coefficient are optimized and adjusted to obtain a final setting scheme.
2. The method for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of the stability control device according to claim 1, wherein the step of selecting the key station of the load shedding anti-error criterion and determining the operation mode and the fault type of the key station to be researched comprises the following steps:
analyzing main alternating current and direct current transmission lines of the system according to each typical operation mode and a tidal current diagram of the power grid;
setting faults of different types and different regions aiming at the line, carrying out N-2 time domain simulation on the faults, observing voltage disturbance response curves of all substations, selecting an important substation which truly reflects the transient stability characteristic of the system near the main alternating current and direct current transmission section of the power grid, and taking the important substation as a load shedding error-preventing criterion;
and comparing the load shedding amount of different operation modes facing different faults, and determining the operation mode and the fault type to be researched.
3. The method for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of the stability control device according to claim 1, wherein the determining the number of the load segments and providing the upper and lower limit powers of each load segment comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum sending power of the key station of the current system based on the operation mode to be researched, taking the maximum sending power or the maximum sending power plus a certain margin as the upper limit of the power of a load section, and checking the minimum load to be cut when a selected fault occurs;
gradually reducing the sending power of the key station until the system can keep stable without load shedding under the selected fault, and taking the sending power when the load shedding is not needed or reducing the sending power by a certain amount as the lower limit of the power of the load section;
and selecting the proper number of the load sections based on the determined upper and lower limit powers of the load sections.
4. The method for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of the stability control device according to claim 3, wherein the judgment basis for the system to keep stable is as follows: the critical site checks that the voltage at the time of the selected fault is below 0.75p.u. for no more than 1s during the transient, and the recovery voltage should be above 0.90p.u., where p.u. = actual voltage value/reference voltage value.
5. The method for analyzing the fixed value of the cutting load of the stability and control device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the step of solving the basic value and the cutting coefficient comprises the following steps:
preliminary calculation of the ablation coefficients k0, k0= (Lmax-Lmin)/(Pmax-Pmin),
wherein Pmax is the upper limit of the power of the load section of the key station, Lmax is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmax, Pmin is the lower limit of the power of the load section, and Lmin is the minimum load shedding amount corresponding to Pmin;
optimizing the ablation coefficient k, k = min (max (k0,0.8), 1.2);
the base value Pbase was calculated, Pbase = ⌊ Pmin-Lmin/k ⌋, ⌊ ⌋ indicating rounding down.
6. The method for analyzing the fixed value of the cutting load of the stability control device according to claim 5, wherein the optimization adjustment comprises the optimized adjustment of the cutting coefficient and the adjustment of the basic value, and the method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the optimized ablation coefficient, wherein kp = sum (ki)/n, wherein kp is the average ablation coefficient, ki is the optimized ablation coefficient of each load section, n is the number of load sections, kp is adjusted to be one of 0.8 to 1.2 according to the closest principle, and the interval is 0.1;
adjusting the basic value, if k0> kp, Pbase = ⌊ Pmax-Lmax/kp ⌋, otherwise Pbase = ⌊ Pmin-Lmin/kp ⌋.
7. A system for analyzing a load shedding fixed value of a stability control device is characterized by comprising:
the selection module is used for analyzing the low-voltage problem highlighted sites, selecting key sites of load shedding anti-error criteria, determining the operation mode and the fault type of the key sites to be researched, and then determining the upper limit power and the lower limit power of the load section of the selected key sites;
the load processing module is used for determining the number of the load sections, giving the upper and lower limit power of each load section, and calculating the minimum load to be cut for keeping stable after the selected faults occur to different downlink powers;
and the analysis and calculation module is used for solving the base value and the cutting coefficient according to the relation between the upper limit power and the lower limit power of the load section and the corresponding minimum load needing to be cut, giving a primary setting scheme, and optimizing and adjusting the base value and the cutting coefficient according to the whole setting scheme to obtain a final setting scheme.
8. The system for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of the stability control device according to claim 7, wherein the selecting module comprises:
the analysis unit is used for analyzing main alternating current and direct current transmission lines of the system according to each typical operation mode and tidal current diagram of the power grid;
the first simulation unit is used for setting faults of different types and different regions aiming at a selected line, carrying out N-2 time domain simulation on the faults, observing voltage disturbance response curves of all substations, selecting an important substation which truly reflects the transient stability characteristic of the system near main alternating current and direct current transmission sections of a power grid, and taking the important substation as a load shedding error prevention criterion;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the load shedding amount of different operation modes facing different faults and determining the operation mode and the fault type to be researched.
9. The system for analyzing the load shedding constant value of the stability control device according to claim 7, wherein the load processing module comprises:
the upper limit power determining unit is used for determining the maximum lower power upper limit of the key station;
the lower limit power determining unit is used for determining to gradually reduce the downlink power of the key station until the system can keep stable without load shedding under the selected fault, and the downlink power when the load shedding is not needed or the downlink power is reduced by a certain amount to be used as the lower limit of the power of the load section;
the load segment number determining unit is used for determining the appropriate number of load segments according to the upper and lower limit power of the selected load segments;
and the second simulation unit is used for simulating and calculating the minimum load required to be cut for keeping stability after the selected fault occurs under different sending powers.
10. The system for analyzing the load shedding fixed value of the stability control device according to claim 7, wherein the analyzing and calculating module comprises:
a preliminary scheme determination unit for preliminarily determining the resection coefficient and the base value;
and the optimization scheme determination unit is used for optimizing the excision coefficient and the base value.
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