CN109031527A - A kind of high-power fiber end cap and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of high-power fiber end cap and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109031527A CN109031527A CN201810735450.3A CN201810735450A CN109031527A CN 109031527 A CN109031527 A CN 109031527A CN 201810735450 A CN201810735450 A CN 201810735450A CN 109031527 A CN109031527 A CN 109031527A
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- optical fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high-power fiber end cap and its manufacturing methods, the end caps include the doubly clad optical fiber of coaxial arrangement, coreless fiber and quartz pushrod, quartz pushrod includes the first cylindrical section sequentially coaxially connected, rotary table section and the second cylindrical section, diameter of the diameter of first cylindrical section less than the second cylindrical section, one end welding of doubly clad optical fiber and coreless fiber, one end welding of the other end of coreless fiber and the first cylindrical section, the cladding diameter of coreless fiber is greater than or equal to the diameter of doubly clad optical fiber, the cladding diameter of coreless fiber is less than or equal to the diameter of the first cylindrical section, the present invention makes laser first after coreless fiber, energy extends, decline in its output end face and quartz pushrod junction optical power density, by selecting suitable coreless fiber length, when laser can be made to export from coreless fiber, its output facula is sufficiently large, To which the optical power density in output face be effectively reduced, meanwhile, energy will not be exported from coreless fiber side, avoid the loss of energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber laser and transmission laser system more particularly to a kind of high-power fiber end cap and its manufactures
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, high power fiber laser was laser field focus of attention, because it is close with biggish optical power
Degree, preferable beam quality, using it is simple the features such as, be widely used in industrial processes, weaponry and medical instrument etc..
Superpower laser is equipped with high power energy transfer optical cable, laser can be made to become more flexible, controllable by energy transfer optical cable, realizes soft
Property Three-dimension process；Its transmitting beam is quality simultaneously, optical power density is big.Due to the light used in high-capacity optical fiber laser
Fibre is usually the doubly clad optical fiber of big mode field area, and core diameter is only 10 μm -30 μm, and the power density of light is very high in fibre core,
Any tiny end-face pollution and manufacturing deficiency may all make its internal field reinforce, and then cause the damage of fiber end face.
In high power fiber laser and amplifier, the processing design of fiber end face is necessary in optical fiber laser application
The problem to be overcome.A kind of method effectively solved is the quartzy end cap of the welding major diameter on fiber end face.Optical fiber end
Cap is exactly the high-power fiber passive device for realizing optical fiber end surface protective, passes through the light for expanding reduction output end to output optical fibre
Power density, to protect fiber end face not damaged.Therefore, the crucial manufacture craft of end caps is studied, realization can be born
The production of high-power fiber end cap is of great significance for the application of fiber laser and amplifier.
End cap is no fibre core, without coat, the pure vitreous silica stick to undope, end cap different according to the power that can be born
Two kinds: 1. coreless fiber end caps can be divided into: end cap diameter is equal to the inner cladding diameter of doubly clad optical fiber, and this end cap can generally be held
Carry hundreds of watts of power.2. glass bar end caps: end cap diameter is the decades of times of doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding diameter, end cap
Major diameter end face can preferably reduce laser power density, and this end cap can carry thousands of watts or more of high power.
High power optical fibre laser end cap is usually to form optical fiber with the quartz cone stick welding being relatively large in diameter, however, quartzy
The size difference for boring stick and optical fiber is larger, temperature controlled difficulty when leading to welding, thus, welding quality is difficult to ensure.Meanwhile
The core area of single mode optical fiber is small, and the optical power density in output face is big, is easy to produce because of the tiny flaw of fusion point
Raw strong temperature rise, and then lead to the damage of end cap.Using taper quartz pushrod, by the side of optical fiber and the taper end welding of taper quartz pushrod
Method can solve this problem to a certain extent, but because the taper end diameter of quartz pushrod is still much larger than fibre diameter, therefore, still
So there are weldings it is difficult, fusion point optical power density is high the disadvantages of.
Summary of the invention
In response to the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of high-power fiber end cap and its manufacturing methods, lead to
Expanded laser light is crossed from optical fiber output end face area, reduces Output optical power density, end caps is reduced and prepares difficulty, improving it can
Bear laser power.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A kind of high-power fiber end cap, doubly clad optical fiber, coreless fiber and quartz pushrod including coaxial arrangement, the quartz
Stick includes the first cylindrical section sequentially coaxially connected, rotary table section and the second cylindrical section, the diameter of an end face of the rotary table section with
The diameter D of first cylindrical section1It is identical, the diameter of the other end of the rotary table section and the diameter D of the second cylindrical section2It is identical, it is described
The diameter D of first cylindrical section1Less than the diameter D of the second cylindrical section2, one end welding of the doubly clad optical fiber and coreless fiber, institute
State one end welding of the other end and the first cylindrical section of coreless fiber, the cladding diameter D of the coreless fiberdMore than or equal to institute
State the cladding diameter D of doubly clad optical fibers, the cladding diameter D of the coreless fiberdIt is straight less than or equal to first cylindrical section
Diameter D1。
Preferably, the length L of the coreless fiber meets:
L=(aDd-Dcore)/(2tan β),
Wherein, a=0.46~0.62, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber, propagation constantn1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber.
Preferably, the length L of first cylindrical section1Meet:
L1=(bD1-aDd)/(2tan β),
Wherein, b=0.51~0.66.
Preferably, the diameter D of first cylindrical section1Meet:
D1< 2.5Dd, D1< 2mm.
Preferably, the diameter D of second cylindrical section2Meet:
3.5Dp< D2< 7Dp, D2< 15mm,
Wherein, DpFor output facula diameter.
Preferably, the cone angle alpha of the rotary table section is greater than or equal to 45 °.
Preferably, two end faces of the coreless fiber and the doubly clad optical fiber welding are inclined end face, two institutes
Inclined end face is stated to be parallel to each other.
Preferably, the angle of the vertical line of two inclined end faces and axis is inclination angle theta, and the inclination angle theta meets: 9.5 ° of >
4.5 ° of θ >, Dd110 μm of tan θ <.
A kind of production method of high-power fiber end cap, the end caps include the doubly clad optical fiber of coaxial arrangement, nothing
Core fibre and quartz pushrod, the quartz pushrod include the first cylindrical section sequentially coaxially connected, rotary table section and the second cylindrical section, described
Production method specifically includes the following steps:
S1: peelling off coating for two end faces to welding on doubly clad optical fiber and coreless fiber respectively, clean surface, and
Two contact surface cuttings fusion are neat, it is marked at distance contact surface 15-30mm fusion in coreless fiber；
S2: respectively grinding two contact surfaces fusion on doubly clad optical fiber and coreless fiber, make two to welding
End face forms inclination angle theta；
S3: carrying out weldings for two contact surfaces fusion, and when welding, two on doubly clad optical fiber and coreless fiber are to welding
End face keeping parallelism and end face center alignment；
S4: according to mark position, the coreless fiber length for needing to cut off is determined, the length L of the coreless fiber of reservation meets:
L=(aDd-Dcore)/(2tan β), wherein a=0.46~0.62, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber, propagation constantn1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber, DdIt is straight for the covering of coreless fiber
Diameter；
S5: one end of the other end of coreless fiber and the first cylindrical section is subjected to welding.
Preferably, when two contact surfaces fusion being carried out welding in the step S3, using CO2Laser is as heat source.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) present invention makes laser first after coreless fiber, and energy extends, in its output end face and quartz pushrod junction
Optical power density decline, by selecting suitable coreless fiber length, when laser can be made to export from coreless fiber, output light
Spot is sufficiently large, so that the optical power density in output face is effectively reduced, meanwhile, and it is defeated from coreless fiber side not have energy
Out, the loss of its energy is avoided.
2) diameter of coreless fiber of the present invention can be bigger than the diameter of doubly clad optical fiber, thus be conducive to quartz pushrod it
Between welding, since quartzy end cap joint is the first cylindrical section, and diameter is smaller, it is then easier to damage low with coreless fiber
Consumption, high quality welding.
3) when doubly clad optical fiber of the present invention is with coreless fiber welding, two contact surfaces fusion have inclination angle, it is possible to reduce
Light on doubly clad optical fiber and two connecting end surfaces of coreless fiber reflects, and prevents damage transmission fiber and laser.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of high-power fiber end cap of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is transmission mould field figure of the laser in end caps of the present invention, in which: (a) is in coreless fiber end face；
It (b) is that 2mm is transmitted in coreless fiber.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of two end faces of coreless fiber of the present invention and the doubly clad optical fiber welding.
In figure:
1. doubly clad optical fiber, 2. coreless fibers, 3. first cylindrical sections, 4. rotary table sections, 5. second cylindrical sections.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high-power fiber end cap of the present invention, the doubly clad optical fiber 1 including coaxial arrangement, nothing
Core fibre 2 and quartz pushrod, the quartz pushrod include the first cylindrical section 3 sequentially coaxially connected, rotary table section 4 and the second cylindrical section 5,
The diameter D of the diameter of one end face of the rotary table section 4 and the first cylindrical section 31It is identical, the other end of the rotary table section 4 it is straight
The diameter D of diameter and the second cylindrical section 52It is identical, the diameter D of first cylindrical section 31Less than the diameter D of the second cylindrical section 52, institute
State one end welding of doubly clad optical fiber 1 Yu coreless fiber 2, one end of the other end of the coreless fiber 2 and the first cylindrical section 3 is molten
It connects, the cladding diameter D of the coreless fiber 2dMore than or equal to the diameter D of the doubly clad optical fiber 1s, the coreless fiber 2
Cladding diameter DdLess than or equal to the diameter D of first cylindrical section 31。
The laser exported in doubly clad optical fiber 1 enters coreless fiber 2, so that energy extends.Laser enters centreless
Energy spread situation after optical fiber 2 is as shown in Figure 2.From Figure 2 it can be seen that energy extends after laser enters coreless fiber 2, though
Its right mode field area is less than the cross-sectional area of coreless fiber 2, but its energy spread area is much larger than mode field area, swashs to reduce
After extending to the side of coreless fiber 2 energy loss occurs for light, it is desirable that the length L of coreless fiber 2 meets L=(aDd-Dcore)/
(2tan β), wherein a=0.46~0.62, here DdFor the diameter of coreless fiber 2, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber,
Propagation constantn1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber 1.Require centreless
Optical fiber 2 both realizes the extension of laser energy with enough length, reduces its light function on the output end face of coreless fiber 2
Rate density, meanwhile, energy field is again not too big and leads to energy loss.
Quartz pushrod input terminal is the first cylindrical section 3, and diameter is smaller, to guarantee that it can be with 2 low-loss of coreless fiber
With welding.To meet this requirement, the diameter D of the first cylindrical section 31Meet D1< 2.5Dd, and have D1< 2mm, the second cylindrical section 5
Diameter D2No more than 15mm, and there is 3.5Dp< D2< 7Dp.Here DpFor quartz pushrod output facula diameter.Meanwhile first cylindrical section 3
Length also can not be too long or too short, with guarantee laser energy extension and reduce energy loss.First cylindrical section, 3 length L1It is full
Sufficient L1=(bD1-aDd)/(2tan β), wherein the cone angle alpha of b=0.51~0.66, rotary table section 4 is greater than or equal to 45 °.
As shown in figure 3, two end faces of coreless fiber 2 and 1 welding of doubly clad optical fiber are inclined end face, two institutes
It states inclined end face to be parallel to each other, the angle of the vertical line of two inclined end faces and axis is inclination angle theta, and the inclination angle theta meets:
9.5 ° of 4.5 ° of > θ >, Dd110 μm of tan θ <.Inclination angle range is consider end face reflection and heating surface (area) (HS and welding effect comprehensive
Close result.
Doubly clad optical fiber 1 is 100/360 optical fiber in the present embodiment, i.e., core diameter is 100 μm, and cladding diameter is 360 μm.
The diameter of coreless fiber 2 is 440 μm, length 2.5mm；The diameter of first cylindrical section 3 is 1.0mm, length 5.1mm.Rotary table
A=45 ° of coning angle of section 4, the diameter of the second cylindrical section 5 are D2=10mm.
A kind of production method of high-power fiber end cap of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
S1: peelling off coating for two end faces to welding on doubly clad optical fiber 1 and coreless fiber 2 respectively, clean surface,
And two contact surfaces fusion are cut to neat, the label at distance contact surface 15-30mm fusion in coreless fiber 2；
S2: respectively grinding two contact surfaces fusion on doubly clad optical fiber 1 and coreless fiber 2, make two it is fusion
Contact surface forms inclination angle theta, and meets: 9.5 ° of 4.5 ° of > θ >, Dd110 μm of tan θ <；
S3: carrying out weldings for two contact surfaces fusion, and when welding, two on doubly clad optical fiber 1 and coreless fiber 2 are fusion
Contact surface keeping parallelism and end face center alignment；
S4: according to mark position, 2 length of coreless fiber for needing to cut off is determined, the length L of the coreless fiber 2 of reservation is full
Foot: L=(aDd-Dcore)/(2tan β), wherein a=0.46~0.62, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber 1, propagate normal
Numbern1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber 1, DdFor 2 covering of coreless fiber
Diameter；
S5: one end of the other end of coreless fiber 2 and the first cylindrical section 3 is subjected to welding.
The reason of present invention makes coreless fiber 2 and two end faces of 1 welding of doubly clad optical fiber be inclined end face is:
The fibre core of doubly clad optical fiber 1 is usually made of doped dielectric, and refractive index is higher than pure quartz, and coreless fiber 2 is made by pure quartz
It forms, thus, when laser enters coreless fiber 2 from doubly clad optical fiber 1, it will be reflected in end face, for high power laser light,
Its a small amount of reflection may cause the damage of doubly clad optical fiber 1 down to the damage of laser, for this purpose, the present invention proposes production band
The fiber end face at inclination angle.Welding for this end face cannot be using conventional light since the regional scope that its needs heats is big
Fine heat sealing machine, the laser heat source such as CO that heated perimeter can be used wide2As heat source, inclination angle theta needs to comprehensively consider sharp laser
The difficulty of light welding in reflection and the excessive end face longitudinal size of doubly clad optical fiber 1 and the end face of coreless fiber 2.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-power fiber end cap, which is characterized in that doubly clad optical fiber (1), coreless fiber (2) including coaxial arrangement and
Quartz pushrod, the quartz pushrod include the first cylindrical section (3) sequentially coaxially connected, rotary table section (4) and the second cylindrical section (5), institute
State the diameter of an end face of rotary table section (4) and the diameter D of the first cylindrical section (3)1It is identical, the other end of the rotary table section (4)
Diameter and the second cylindrical section (5) diameter D2It is identical, the diameter D of first cylindrical section (3)1Less than the second cylindrical section (5)
Diameter D2, one end welding of the doubly clad optical fiber (1) and coreless fiber (2), the other end and first of the coreless fiber (2)
One end welding of cylindrical section (3), the cladding diameter D of the coreless fiber (2)dMore than or equal to the doubly clad optical fiber (1)
Cladding diameter Ds, the cladding diameter D of the coreless fiber (2)dLess than or equal to the diameter D of first cylindrical section (3)1。
2. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length L of the coreless fiber (2) is full
Foot:
L=(aDd-Dcore)/(2tan β),
Wherein, a=0.46~0.62, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber (1), propagation constantn1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber.
3. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the length L of first cylindrical section (3)1It is full
Foot:
L1=(bD1-aDd)/(2tan β),
Wherein, b=0.51~0.66.
4. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter D of first cylindrical section (3)1It is full
Foot:
D1<2.5Dd, D1<2mm。
5. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter D of second cylindrical section (5)2It is full
Foot:
3.5Dp<D2<7Dp, D2< 15mm,
Wherein, DpFor quartz pushrod output facula diameter.
6. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cone angle alpha of the rotary table section (4) is greater than
Or it is equal to 45 °.
7. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coreless fiber (2) and the double-contracting
Two end faces of layer optical fiber (1) welding are inclined end face, and two inclined end faces are parallel to each other.
8. high-power fiber end cap according to claim 7, which is characterized in that two inclined end faces and axis hang down
The angle of line is inclination angle theta, and the inclination angle theta meets: 9.5 ° > θ > 4.5 °, Ddtanθ<110μm。
9. a kind of production method of high-power fiber end cap, which is characterized in that the end caps include the double-contracting of coaxial arrangement
Layer optical fiber (1), coreless fiber (2) and quartz pushrod, the quartz pushrod include the first cylindrical section (3), the rotary table sequentially coaxially connected
Section (4) and the second cylindrical section (5), the production method specifically includes the following steps:
S1: peelling off coating for two end faces to welding on doubly clad optical fiber (1) and coreless fiber (2) respectively, clean surface,
And two contact surfaces fusion are cut to neat, the label at distance contact surface 15-30mm fusion on coreless fiber (2)；
S2: respectively grinding two contact surfaces fusion on doubly clad optical fiber (1) and coreless fiber (2), make two it is fusion
Contact surface forms inclination angle theta；
S3: carrying out weldings for two contact surfaces fusion, and when welding, two on doubly clad optical fiber (1) and coreless fiber (2) are fusion
Contact surface keeping parallelism and end face center alignment；
S4: according to mark position, coreless fiber (2) length for needing to cut off is determined, the length L of the coreless fiber (2) of reservation is full
Foot: L=(aDd-Dcore)/(2tan β), wherein a=0.46~0.62, DcoreFor the core diameter of doubly clad optical fiber (1), propagate
Constantn1, n2The respectively fibre core and cladding index of doubly clad optical fiber (1), DdFor coreless fiber
(2) cladding diameter；
S5: one end of the other end of coreless fiber (2) and the first cylindrical section (3) is subjected to welding.
10. the production method of high-power fiber end cap according to claim 9, which is characterized in that will in the step S3
When two contact surfaces fusion carry out welding, using CO2Laser is as heat source.
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| CN201810735450.3A CN109031527B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | High-power optical fiber end cap and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109491016A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏大学 | A kind of end caps and preparation method thereof |
| CN111628397A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 相位光粒(北京)科技有限公司 | High-power fiber laser based on quartz waveguide coupling |
| CN112099144A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Device and method for realizing alignment of optical fiber and quartz end cap |
| CN112346178A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Integrated collimating optical fiber end cap capable of cutting off light beam and collimating optical fiber end cap array |
| CN112859255A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 讯芯电子科技（中山）有限公司 | Optical communication module and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113325517A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-31 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber end cap and optical fiber laser |
| CN113777795A (en) * | 2021-09-19 | 2021-12-10 | 光惠（上海）激光科技有限公司 | High-power optical fiber shaping collimation output device |
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| CN107015320A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-04 | 中国兵器装备研究院 | A kind of manufacture method of high-power fiber end cap |
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| CN201955492U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-08-31 | 杭州华威药业有限公司 | Doubly clad optical fiber laser coupling device |
| CN202975389U (en) * | 2012-11-10 | 2013-06-05 | 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 | High power optical fiber output head |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109491016A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏大学 | A kind of end caps and preparation method thereof |
| CN112859255A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 讯芯电子科技（中山）有限公司 | Optical communication module and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111628397A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 相位光粒(北京)科技有限公司 | High-power fiber laser based on quartz waveguide coupling |
| CN112099144A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Device and method for realizing alignment of optical fiber and quartz end cap |
| CN112099144B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-10-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Device and method for realizing alignment of optical fiber and quartz end cap |
| CN112346178A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Integrated collimating optical fiber end cap capable of cutting off light beam and collimating optical fiber end cap array |
| CN112346178B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-09-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Integrated collimating optical fiber end cap capable of cutting off light beam and collimating optical fiber end cap array |
| CN113325517A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-31 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber end cap and optical fiber laser |
| CN113325517B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-15 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical fiber end cap and optical fiber laser |
| CN113777795A (en) * | 2021-09-19 | 2021-12-10 | 光惠（上海）激光科技有限公司 | High-power optical fiber shaping collimation output device |
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