CN109030252A - Monitoring device and method for composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment - Google Patents
Monitoring device and method for composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109030252A CN109030252A CN201810829892.4A CN201810829892A CN109030252A CN 109030252 A CN109030252 A CN 109030252A CN 201810829892 A CN201810829892 A CN 201810829892A CN 109030252 A CN109030252 A CN 109030252A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
Abstract
The present invention relates to damage monitoring fields, it is desirable to provide a kind of monitoring device and method for composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment.The present invention adjusts environmental cabinet internal temperature using heating system and temperature control system, and real-time detection simultaneously automatically records temperature change；It is acquisition and processing acoustic emission information using acoustic emission monitoring system effect.Temperature control system acts on.The monitoring method is comprising steps of acoustic velocity measutement, Analysis of Attenuation, positioning calibration, temperature adjusting, fatigue test, the hierarchical loading water pressure test and evaluation of result.The During Fatigue Damage Process on-line monitoring of composites gas cylinder under hot environment may be implemented in the device of the invention, effectively solves the problems, such as that fatigue damage is difficult to monitor on-line in gas cylinder hot environment；Using heating system and the mutually independent temprature control method of environmental cabinet, gas cylinder leakage damage heating system during test can be prevented.Gas cylinder fatigue damage, analysis gas cylinder weakness zone are effectively assessed using acoustic emission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to damage monitoring field, in particular under a kind of hot environment, composites gas cylinder is carried out tired
The device and method of labor test damage monitoring.
Background technique
As world energy sources crisis and ecological environment problem are got worse, research and development cleaning, efficient, safety are simultaneously able to satisfy needs
New-energy automobile have become the new trend of development of automobile industry.Composites gas cylinder is the important component of hydrogen cell automobile
One of, safety is constantly subjected to government and the great attention of the common people.Composites gas cylinder undergoes fatigue in service life domestic demand
Circulation, fatigue failure is the dominant failure mode of composites gas cylinder.In addition, gas cylinder during one's term of military service, quickly fill caused by
Temperature increases and thermal extremes weather may be such that composites gas cylinder is exposed in hot environment, significantly affects the fatigue of gas cylinder
Service life.Existing standard regulation composites gas cylinder need to carry out high temperature pressure cyclic test, to ensure that the performance in service life is pacified
Entirely.And the gas cylinder fatigue damage in fatigue process is not easy to monitor, especially to composites gas cylinder fatigue process under hot environment
The research of Damage detection is seldom.Therefore, the fatigue damage on-line monitoring under composites gas cylinder hot environment how is carried out,
Fatigue Damage Accumulative Rule becomes urgent problem to be solved under researching high-temperature environment.
Sound emission is as a kind of important lossless detection method, in terms of metal pressure container and pipe damage monitoring
Important function has been played, has also obtained Preliminary Applications in composite laminated plate damage monitoring field.But at present to gas cylinder fatigue
Test damage monitoring research is less, and the damage monitoring to gas cylinder fatigue test under hot environment is even more rare research.Therefore, it utilizes
Acoustic emission monitors the fatigue damage of composites gas cylinder under hot environment, to the fatigability of effective assessment composites gas cylinder
It can be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome deficiency in the prior art, provide a kind of under hot environment
Composites gas cylinder fatigue test damage monitoring device and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, solution of the invention is:
A kind of monitoring device for composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment is provided, including passes through piping connection
To the water pump of composites gas cylinder；Pressure gauge and pressure sensor are equipped on the pipeline, control system of water pump passes through signal
Line is separately connected pressure sensor and water pump；
In eight width being connected by signal wire with acoustic emission monitoring system of body surface layout of composites gas cylinder
Video sensor, broad frequency sensor can detect the shape information and modal frequency of 10~1000kHz frequency range, effective differentiation sound hair
Penetrate source and noise source；Specific arrangement method an are as follows: broad frequency sensor is respectively arranged at the top of the end socket of two sides；It is sensed with 3 widebands
Device is one group of end socket that along the circumferential direction uniform intervals are arranged in side at cylinder changeover portion, is mutually handed between two sensors
Mistake arrangement, wherein any one sensor constitutes triangular array with any two sensor at the changeover portion of the other side, and
Any line between two side sensers is not parallel with the horizontal axis of composites gas cylinder；Acoustic emission monitoring system is adopted simultaneously
Collect the acoustic emission signal from broad frequency sensor and the pressure change data from pressure sensor；
Composites gas cylinder is lain in a horizontal plane on the base support of environmental cabinet, and keeps spacing with environment chamber interior wall；Environment
Entrance is arranged in case, and arrival end is connected to heating system by air supply tube, and hot-air is delivered to environment by the blower in heating system
For heating composites gas cylinder in case；Temperature sensor set on environmental cabinet outlet end is connected to temperature control system by signal wire
System, temperature control system also pass through signal wire and are connected to heating system.Temperature sensor can monitor environmental cabinet internal temperature, and pass through
Signal wire connects temperature control system；Temperature control system connects heating system by signal wire, can be according to set temperature and temperature
The actual temperature for spending sensor detection adjusts heating system power, realizes temperature control.
In the present invention, the resistance wire being equipped in heating system for heating air, and for conveying hot-air
Blower.Heating system can provide the temperature environment of room temperature~90 DEG C range for environmental cabinet, meet composites gas cylinder highest and set
The demand of 85 DEG C of temperature of meter.
In the present invention, surge tank is set on the air supply tube between environmental cabinet arrival end and heating system.Surge tank can drop
Low-flow movement velocity and unstability reduce impact of the air-flow to broad frequency sensor, and can make system steady operation, reduce dry
Disturb influence of the noise to acoustic emission detection precision.
In the present invention, pressure gauge is equipped on the pipeline between water pump and composites gas cylinder；The water pump is plunger pump.
In the present invention, the broad frequency sensor is fixed on the body surface of composites gas cylinder with glue bonding method.
In the present invention, the temperature control system also passes through the display equipment that signal wire is connected to control system of water pump.Water pump
The display equipment of control system can real-time display environmental cabinet temperature.
In the present invention, the heating system and environmental cabinet are mutually indepedent.It can prevent gas cylinder during test from revealing water flow
Injection, and then damage heating system.
In the present invention, the environmental cabinet and pedestal are covered with hydrophobic pearlite insulating layer.The water suction of hydrophobic pearlite insulating layer
Rate is low, good heat insulating, even if still having good thermal insulation property after composites gas cylinder leakage, can effectively extend environment
Case service life.
Invention further provides the prisons that composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment is realized using aforementioned device
Survey method, comprising the following steps:
(1) acoustic velocity measutement
Acoustic velocity measutement is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder；Composite wood is determined using time difference calculation method
Expect the surface of gas cylinder velocity of sound, records spacing, the average time difference harmony speed information of each broad frequency sensor；
(2) Analysis of Attenuation
The experiment of acoustical signal attenuation characteristic is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder, determines preset width
Whether video sensor arrangement is suitable；Specifically: disconnected lead test is carried out at each broad frequency sensor, so that farthest is two wide
Disconnected lead response frequency between video sensor should be greater than 80dB；
(3) positioning calibration
Positioning calibration is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder；It is arranged at end socket and cylinder changeover portion
At each sensor and triangular array centre of every three sensors composition carries out disconnected lead excitation, and positioning calibration result is wanted
Seek maximum sensor spacing of the positioning using TDOA deviation of each sensor less than 10%；
(4) temperature is adjusted
The composites gas cylinder for filling water is lain in a horizontal plane on base support, is then tipped upside down on environmental cabinet on pedestal；
In the control temperature of temperature control system set environment case, the thermal current of heating system output passes sequentially through air supply tube and surge tank
Into environmental cabinet, to be discharged after type of flow heating composites gas cylinder；Temperature sensor energy positioned at environmental cabinet outlet end
Real-time detection environmental cabinet internal temperature, and signal is passed into temperature control system, for realizing the real-time adjusting of temperature；To ring
After border the temperature inside the box reaches setting value, kept for a period of time stablize composites gas cylinder temperature, then start fatigue test；
(5) fatigue test
According to composites gas cylinder testing standard, heating fatigue and cyclic examination is carried out to composites gas cylinder at a set temperature
It tests: determining that fatigue test circulating pressure, upper pressure limit are not less than 1.25 times of nominal operating pressures according to gas cylinder nominal operating pressure,
Fatigue test circulating pressure lower limit is 2 ± 1MPa；Fatigue and cyclic is carried out in a manner of pressurization-pressure release-pressurization, cycle frequency is less than
Equal to 10 times/min.Fatigue and cyclic every certain number records and saves a sound emission data, and then studies different fatigue
Recycle the damage changing rule of lower composites gas cylinder；
(6) the hierarchical loading water pressure test
During fatigue and cyclic, suspend after the fatigue and cyclic cycle of certain number since CYCLIC LOADING for the first time tired
Labor test, and carry out the scalping load water pressure test, it is therefore an objective to it simulates gas cylinder and uses in inspecting periodically at regular intervals
The water pressure test；The hierarchical loading water pressure test is forced into the water pressure test pressure of 1.5 times of nominal operating pressures with gas cylinder to be measured from zero-pressure
Power, while determining the curve of the hierarchical loading water pressure test；The hierarchical loading refer in the water pressure test with n include boosting,
Pressure maintaining, pressure release interim loading method gradually boost to gas cylinder by hydrostatic pressure test pressure；Wherein, n takes 5~10, and value is by public affairs
Operating pressure is claimed to determine (the larger then n of operating pressure can use slightly larger value)；Dwell time is at least 4min, (setting packing stage mesh
Be that gas cylinder is made to tend towards stability, abundant acquisition acoustic emission signal, while the interference noise for excluding water impact and friction sends out sound
Penetrate the interference of signal)；Pressure release refers to maximum pressure when pressure release to previous boosting；Whole acquisition during entire hierarchical loading
The acoustic emission signal data of each sensor；After pressure rises to hydraulic test pressure and pressure maintaining, at the uniform velocity pressure release terminates hierarchical loading water
Pressure test, then proceeds by fatigue test；The hierarchical loading water pressure test carries out at a set temperature, i.e. working environment and fatigue
It tests identical；
(7) evaluation of result
It counts the sound emission amplitude in fatigue and cyclic test and hits number parameter, establish acoustic emission signal and fatigue and cyclic pressure
The relation curve of power, acoustic emission signal and fatigue and cyclic cycle；According to the changing rule of curve, analyzes different fatigue and recycle cycle
Under damage situation of change；Positioning using TDOA analysis is carried out using acoustie emission event number, realizes the damage reason location of composites gas cylinder,
And then judge weak location of the gas cylinder in the high temperature environment under the fatigue and cyclic cycle.
In the present invention, the hierarchical loading stage to dwell pressure lower than hydraulic test pressure one third is not provided with pressure release rank
Section.
Because periods of low pressure gas cylinder, almost without damage, the packing stage after pressure release is not provided with pressure release almost without signal
Stage can reduce test period, while periods of low pressure is not provided with being in zero-pressure state after pressure release avoids gas cylinder pressure release, so this point
Grade load phase at least there are two, this stage each classification stage boost pressure be hydraulic test pressure value divided by n；Subsequent load
It is forced into hydraulic test pressure according to " pressure release-pressure maintaining-boosting-pressure maintaining " mode, in this stage each classification stage boost pressure
It is twice of hydraulic test pressure value divided by n, vent pressure is hydraulic test pressure value divided by n, so that each classification stage is most
Total boost pressure is hydraulic test pressure value divided by n eventually.
Inventive principle description:
In the present invention, control system of water pump effect is the parameters such as regulation and control circulating pressure bound, cycle frequency, from
Dynamic record fatigue and cyclic cycle, and real-time monitoring storage pressure to be measured.Acoustic emission monitoring system effect is acquisition and processing sound hair
Penetrate information.Temperature control system effect is to adjust environmental cabinet internal temperature, controls thermal current flow velocity, and real-time detection simultaneously automatically records
Temperature change.Surge tank effect is to reduce interference noise in order to reduce airflow fluctuation, improve acoustic emission detection precision.Wideband passes
Sensor has preferable response in wider frequency range, for realizing the acquisition of acoustic emission signal waveform information.
Since fiber laying direction is different in gas cylinder structure to be measured, causing the spread speed of acoustic emission wave, there are each to different
Property, therefore need to measure the surface of gas cylinder velocity of sound to be measured before testing.After the completion of acoustic velocity measutement, acoustical signal decaying is successively carried out
Whether disconnected lead rating test and sensor position calibration test, suitable with the preset sensor arrangement of determination.Carry out
The damage monitoring of composites gas cylinder fatigue test under hot environment is for researching high-temperature environmental cabinet composites gas cylinder fatigue
Damage accumulation rule explores composites gas cylinder under hot environment and damages hotspots, positions composites gas cylinder weak spot.It will
The signal of pressure sensor introduces acoustic emission monitoring system, can establish acoustic emission signal and composites gas cylinder pressure change
Incidence relation.Fatigue and cyclic every certain number records and saves a sound emission data, can establish acoustic emission signal with
The incidence relation of composites gas cylinder fatigue and cyclic.The characteristic parameter that the parameters such as number, amplitude are acoustic emission signals is hit, it can be anti-
Reflect type of impairment, the damage accumulation degree of composite material.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows being:
1, the During Fatigue Damage Process on-line monitoring of composites gas cylinder under hot environment may be implemented in the device of the invention, has
Effect solves the problems, such as that fatigue damage is difficult to monitor on-line in gas cylinder hot environment；
2, heating system is heated using air in the device of the invention, and heating process is more steady, and thermal current enters environment
It needs that impact of the air-flow to broad frequency sensor can be effectively reduced by surge tank before case, reduces interference noise.Using heating system
With the mutually independent temprature control method of environmental cabinet, gas cylinder leakage water flow jet during test can be prevented, and then damages and adds
Hot systems.
3, the present invention carries out the damage under hot environment in composites gas cylinder fatigue process using acoustic emission
Line monitoring positions gas cylinder damage, and then effectively assesses gas cylinder fatigue damage, analysis gas cylinder weakness zone.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is composites gas cylinder fatigue test acoustic emission monitoring system schematic diagram under hot environment.
Fig. 2 be composites gas cylinder be placed on environmental cabinet structural schematic diagram (wherein, upside be put schematic diagram, lower-left
For A direction view, bottom right is B direction view).
Fig. 3 is composites gas cylinder fatigue test acoustic emission monitor(ing) broad frequency sensor arrangement figure under hot environment.
Fig. 4 is acoustic velocity measutement broad frequency sensor arrangement figure.
Fig. 5 is hierarchical loading water pressure test loading method figure.
Hierarchical loading packing stage hits the variation tendency of number and pressure under the composites gas cylinder different fatigue number of the position Fig. 6
Figure.
Appended drawing reference in figure: control system of water pump 1, motor 2, plunger pump 3, pipe-line system 4, pressure gauge 5, pressure sensing
Device 6, temperature sensor 7, broad frequency sensor 8, composites gas cylinder 9, pedestal 10, environmental cabinet 11, air supply tube 12, surge tank 13,
Heating system 14, temperature control system 15, acoustic emission monitoring system 16, signal wire 17 (note: signal wire 17 represents route general name,
It indicates dotted line in figure, will not enumerate specific route in the present invention).
Specific embodiment
Firstly the need of explanation, the present invention provides one kind to damage for composites gas cylinder fatigue test under hot environment
Hurt monitoring device and method.Acoustic emission detection system and broad frequency sensor are commercial product (such as American Physical acoustics company
Existing equipment), acoustic velocity measutement, Analysis of Attenuation, positioning calibration are the prior arts well known to those skilled in the art.Applicant
Think, such as after reading over application documents, accurate understanding realization principle and goal of the invention of the invention, is combining existing public affairs
In the case where knowing technology, those skilled in the art can realize this hair with its NDT for Composite Materials grasped completely
It is bright.Category this scope that all the present patent application files refer to, applicant will not enumerate.
Present invention is further described in detail for son in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of damage monitoring device for composites gas cylinder fatigue test under hot environment is provided, as shown in Figure 1, packet
It includes and provides the plunger pump 3 of power by motor 2, connected between plunger pump 3 and composites gas cylinder 9 by pipe-line system 4；?
The pipe-line system 4 is equipped with pressure gauge 5 and pressure sensor 6, and pressure sensor 6 connects water pump control system by signal wire 17
System 1 and acoustic emission monitoring system 16；Control system of water pump 1 is separately connected motor 2, pressure sensor 6, temperature by signal wire 17
Spend control system 15；Composites gas cylinder 9 is lain in a horizontal plane on pedestal 10, is placed in environmental cabinet 11, and body surface layout 8 logical
The broad frequency sensor 8 that signal wire is connected with acoustic emission monitoring system 16 is crossed, broad frequency sensor 8 can detect 10~1000kHz frequency
The shape information and modal frequency of range effectively distinguish acoustic emission source and noise source；Acoustic emission monitoring system 16 passes through signal wire
17 are separately connected broad frequency sensor 8 and pressure sensor 6, can acquire the acoustic emission signal from broad frequency sensor 8 simultaneously and come
From the pressure change data of pressure sensor 6；Heating system 14 uses Resistant heating air, conveys thermal current by blower, adds
Hot systems 14 are connected by air supply tube 12 and surge tank 13 with environmental cabinet 11, can provide room temperature~90 DEG C range for environmental cabinet 11
Temperature environment meets 85 DEG C of composites gas cylinder highest design temperature the needs of；Surge tank 13 can reduce air speed and
Unstability reduces impact of the air-flow to broad frequency sensor 8, and can make system steady operation, reduces interference noise to sound emission
The influence of detection accuracy；Temperature sensor 7 can monitor 11 internal temperature of environmental cabinet, and connect temperature control system by signal wire 17
System 15；Temperature control system 15 connects heating system 14 by signal wire 17, can be detected according to set temperature and temperature sensor 7
Actual temperature adjust heating system power, realize temperature control；Temperature control system 15 connects water pump control by signal wire 17
System 1 processed, control system of water pump 1 can real-time display environmental cabinet temperature.Pedestal 10 and environmental cabinet 11 are mutually indepedent, and gas cylinder is facilitated to pacify
It puts and is arranged with sensor.Environmental cabinet 11 and pedestal 10 are covered with hydrophobic pearlite insulating layer, hydrophobic pearlite insulating layer water absorption rate
Low, good heat insulating still has good thermal insulation property after composites gas cylinder leakage, can effectively extend environmental cabinet use
Service life.The control system of water pump 1 has multiple functions, can carry out pressure test and fatigue test.
In Fig. 2, top is that composites gas cylinder is placed on the structural schematic diagram in environmental cabinet, and lower left is its A to (left side
Outlet end) view, lower right is its B to (right hand inlet port end) view.As apply example, composites gas cylinder overall length 900mm,
Overall diameter 308mm；Environmental cabinet inside dimension is 1200 × 500 × 500mm, and air inlet diameter is 100mm, and air outlet diameter is
180mm, air inlet diameter is smaller than air outlet diameter, the purpose is to reduce air-flow unstability, is heated evenly gas cylinder, subtracts simultaneously
Small interference noise；Rectangular channel below air outlet can accommodate cylinder interface, and environmental cabinet can be buckled on pedestal from top to bottom, so
After can be used rectangle hydrophobic pearlite insulation board seal rectangular channel residue opening.
The arrangement of the broad frequency sensor 8 is as shown in Figure 3: amounting to 8 WD broad frequency sensors 8, sensors A is arranged in
At upper cover (end socket where bottle mouth of gas cylinder), sensor H is arranged at lower head (end socket where gas bottle tail), sensor B, C,
Along the circumferential direction uniform intervals are arranged in upper cover and cylinder changeover portion to D, and along the circumferential direction uniform intervals are arranged by sensor E, F, G
In cylinder and lower head changeover portion, wherein sensor B, C, D and sensor E, F, G interlaced arrangement is appointed in sensor B, C, D
Meaning one constitutes triangular array with any two sensor at the changeover portion of the other side, and any between two side sensers
Line is not parallel with the horizontal axis of composites gas cylinder.The WD broad frequency sensor 8 can be used 454 glue resistant to high temperature viscous
It is labelled to the surface of gas cylinder, WD broad frequency sensor is connected by signal wire with acoustic emission monitoring system.
Invention further provides utilize composite material gas under the hot environment based on acoustic emission of aforementioned device
Bottle fatigue damage detection method, comprising the following steps:
(1) acoustic velocity measutement
Acoustic velocity measutement is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized empty bottle；Composites gas cylinder 9 is determined using time difference calculation method
The surface velocity of sound records spacing, the average time difference harmony speed metrical information of each sensor；As shown in figure 4, in gas cylinder when acoustic velocity measutement
Upper cover and cylinder changeover portion arrange M sensor, are respectively arranged N along gas cylinder axis direction distance M sensor 150mm, 450mm
Sensor and P sensor, Q sensor is respectively arranged along gas cylinder circumference 45 ° of directions distance M sensor 150mm, 300mm and R is passed
Sensor.Disconnected lead test is carried out at each broad frequency sensor 8, and time difference and the different sensors of signal are acquired according to different sensors
Range difference can determine the composites gas cylinder surface velocity of sound.Record saves sensor spacing, average time difference harmony speed measurement etc.
Information.Acoustic velocity measutement is the prior art well known to those skilled in the art.
(2) Analysis of Attenuation
Analysis of Attenuation is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized empty bottle；It is real that acoustical signal attenuation characteristic is carried out in the surface of gas cylinder
It tests, it is whether suitable with the preset sensor arrangement of determination；Disconnected lead examination is carried out at each sensor specifically shown in Fig. 3
It tests, so that the disconnected lead response frequency between two sensors of lie farthest away should be greater than 80dB；Analysis of Attenuation is this field
The prior art known to technical staff.
(3) positioning calibration
Positioning calibration is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized empty bottle；It, can be with after the completion of acoustic velocity measutement and Analysis of Attenuation
Carry out positioning calibration experiments.The triangular array center that each sensor proximity shown in Fig. 3 and every three sensors are constituted
Position carries out disconnected lead excitation, it is desirable that the deviation by the signal framing deviation of positioning using TDOA less than 10% maximum sensor spacing.
Positioning calibration is the prior art well known to those skilled in the art.
(4) temperature is adjusted
Before temperature is adjusted, the composites gas cylinder 9 for filling water is lain in a horizontal plane on the bracket of pedestal 10, then by environment
Case 11 is buckled on pedestal.The set temperature in temperature control system 15, such as 85 DEG C, thermal current will be passed sequentially through from heating system 14
Air supply tube, surge tank 13, air supply tube enter environmental cabinet 11, form airflow circulating in environmental cabinet 11.Positioned at hot gas outflux
Temperature sensor 7 can 11 internal temperature of real-time detection environmental cabinet, and signal is passed into temperature control system 15, realizes temperature
It adjusts in real time.It after temperature sensor 7 reaches set temperature, is kept for a period of time, such as 1 hour, reaches composites gas cylinder 9
To equilibrium temperature, fatigue test can be started.
(5) fatigue test
According to the testing standard of composites gas cylinder, fatigue at high temperature is carried out to composites gas cylinder 9 at a set temperature and is followed
Ring test.Determine that fatigue test circulating pressure, upper pressure limit are not less than 1.25 times of nominals according to gas cylinder nominal operating pressure 70MPa
Operating pressure, that is, 87.5MPa, fatigue test circulating pressure lower limit are 2 ± 1MPa；It is carried out in a manner of pressurization-pressure release-pressurization tired
Labor circulation, cycle frequency are less than or equal to 10 times/min.The circulating pressure upper limit is inputted specifically on control system of water pump
87.5MPa, circulating pressure 2 ± 1MPa of lower limit, cycle frequency be less than or equal to 10 times/min, fatigue and cyclic cycle 7500 times.Water pump
1 real-time display of control system simultaneously records cycle frequency, fatigue and cyclic week inferior information.Sound emission data sectional record, utilizes sound
16 every 500 fatigue and cyclic cycles of launch monitor system acquire the sound emission data of last 100 fatigue and cyclic cycles, and record is simultaneously
It saves.Sound emission data sectional record can substantially reduce sound emission data processing work amount, and then study under different fatigue circulation
The damage changing rule of composites gas cylinder.
(6) the hierarchical loading water pressure test
During fatigue and cyclic since CYCLIC LOADING for the first time, after 500 several fatigue and cyclic cycles, suspend tired
Labor test carries out scalping and loads the water pressure test, it is therefore an objective to simulate gas cylinder and use the water in inspecting periodically at regular intervals
Pressure test；The hierarchical loading water pressure test carries out at a set temperature, i.e., working environment is identical as fatigue test；Hierarchical loading hydraulic pressure
Test load process is as shown in figure 5, be 70MPa according to gas cylinder operating pressure to be measured, highest on-load pressure is hydraulic test pressure
105MPa gradually boosts to 105MPa with the n interim loading methods including boosting, pressure maintaining, pressure release, and n takes 10 herein.Pressure maintaining
The purpose of time is 4min, and packing stage is arranged is that gas cylinder is made to tend towards stability, sufficiently acquisition acoustic emission signal, while excluding water flow punching
Hit the influence with the interference noise of friction to acoustic emission signal；Pressure release refers to maximum pressure when pressure release to previous boosting, to preceding
The hierarchical loading stage of several initial low pressure loads is not provided with the pressure release stage, because periods of low pressure gas cylinder is let out almost without damage
Packing stage after pressure is almost without signal, and test period can be reduced by being not provided with the pressure release stage, while periods of low pressure is not provided with letting out
Pressure is in zero-pressure state after avoiding gas cylinder pressure release, this hierarchical loading stage is set as 3, and each classification stage boost pressure is
10.5MPa；Subsequent load is forced into hydraulic test pressure according to " pressure release-pressure maintaining-boosting-pressure maintaining " mode, each in this stage
Classification stage boost pressure is 21MPa, vent pressure 10.5MPa, so that the final total boosting of each classification stage in this stage
Pressure is 10.5MPa, this hierarchical loading stage is set as 7；During entire hierarchical loading, whole process acquires each sensor
Acoustic emission signal data.After pressure rises to hydraulic test pressure and pressure maintaining, at the uniform velocity pressure release terminates the hierarchical loading water pressure test, after
It is continuous to carry out fatigue test.
(7) evaluation of result
It counts the sound emission amplitude in fatigue and cyclic test, hit the parameters such as number, establish acoustic emission signal and fatigue and cyclic
The relation curve of cycle.Simultaneously according to the changing rule of curve, the damage situation of change under different fatigue circulation cycle is judged.It is multiple
It is as shown in Figure 6 to hit number trend for hierarchical loading packing stage under 9 different fatigue number of condensation material gas cylinder, it is seen that hits after 85MPa
Number significantly increases, damage aggravation, illustrates gas cylinder damage aggravation under elevated pressures, while after 85MPa under identical dwell pressure, tired
Labor number is bigger, and shock number is more, illustrates that the damage of gas cylinder constantly aggravates with the increase of times of fatigue.Utilize sound emission thing
Number of packages carries out positioning using TDOA analysis, can also be achieved the damage reason location of composites gas cylinder, and then judge that gas cylinder is followed in the fatigue
Weak location under ring cycle.
It is specific embodiments of the present invention above, describes ground of the invention basic principle, main features and advantages.Obviously,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, can also be there are many modification and improvement.Those skilled in the art can be from this
All deformations for directly exporting or associating in disclosure of invention, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of monitoring device for composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment, including by piping connection to compound
The water pump of material cylinder；It is characterized in that, being equipped with pressure gauge and pressure sensor on the pipeline, control system of water pump passes through
Signal wire is separately connected pressure sensor and water pump；
In eight wideband biographies being connected by signal wire with acoustic emission monitoring system of body surface layout of composites gas cylinder
Sensor, broad frequency sensor can detect the shape information and modal frequency of 10~1000kHz frequency range, effectively differentiation acoustic emission source
And noise source；Specific arrangement method an are as follows: broad frequency sensor is respectively arranged at the top of the end socket of two sides；It is with 3 broad frequency sensors
One group along the circumferential direction uniform intervals be arranged in side end socket and cylinder changeover portion at, interlaced row between two sensors
Column, wherein any one sensor constitutes triangular array, and two sides with any two sensor at the changeover portion of the other side
Any line between sensor is not parallel with the horizontal axis of composites gas cylinder；Acoustic emission monitoring system acquires to come simultaneously
Acoustic emission signal from broad frequency sensor and the pressure change data from pressure sensor；
Composites gas cylinder is lain in a horizontal plane on the base support of environmental cabinet, and keeps spacing with environment chamber interior wall；Environmental cabinet is set
Entrance is set, arrival end is connected to heating system by air supply tube, and hot-air is delivered in environmental cabinet by the blower in heating system
For heating composites gas cylinder；Temperature sensor set on environmental cabinet outlet end is connected to temperature control system by signal wire,
Temperature control system also passes through signal wire and is connected to heating system.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electricity being equipped in heating system for heating air
Hinder silk, and the blower for conveying hot-air.
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air supply tube between environmental cabinet arrival end and heating system
Upper setting surge tank.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped on the pipeline between water pump and composites gas cylinder
Pressure gauge；The water pump is plunger pump.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the broad frequency sensor is fixed on multiple with glue bonding method
The body surface of condensation material gas cylinder.
6. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature control system also passes through signal wire and is connected to water pump
The display equipment of control system.
7. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating system and environmental cabinet are mutually indepedent.
8. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the environmental cabinet and pedestal are covered with hydrophobic pearlite heat preservation
Layer.
9. the monitoring method of composites gas cylinder fatigue damage under hot environment is realized using claim 1 described device, it is special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
(1) acoustic velocity measutement
Acoustic velocity measutement is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder；Composite material gas is determined using time difference calculation method
The bottle surface velocity of sound records spacing, the average time difference harmony speed information of each broad frequency sensor；
(2) Analysis of Attenuation
The experiment of acoustical signal attenuation characteristic is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder, determines that preset wideband passes
Whether sensor arrangement is suitable；Specifically: disconnected lead test is carried out at each broad frequency sensor, so that two farthest widebands pass
Disconnected lead response frequency between sensor should be greater than 80dB；
(3) positioning calibration
Positioning calibration is carried out on not filling the water non-pressurized composites gas cylinder；Each of setting at end socket with cylinder changeover portion
At the sensor and triangular array centre of every three sensors composition carries out disconnected lead excitation, and positioning calibration result requires respectively
Maximum sensor spacing of the positioning using TDOA deviation of sensor less than 10%；
(4) temperature is adjusted
The composites gas cylinder for filling water is lain in a horizontal plane on base support, is then tipped upside down on environmental cabinet on pedestal；In temperature
The control temperature of control system set environment case is spent, the thermal current of heating system output passes sequentially through air supply tube and surge tank enters
Environmental cabinet, to be discharged after type of flow heating composites gas cylinder；Temperature sensor positioned at environmental cabinet outlet end can be in real time
Environmental cabinet internal temperature is detected, and signal is passed into temperature control system, for realizing the real-time adjusting of temperature；To environmental cabinet
After interior temperature reaches setting value, kept for a period of time stablize composites gas cylinder temperature, then start fatigue test；
(5) fatigue test
According to composites gas cylinder testing standard, heating fatigue and cyclic test is carried out to composites gas cylinder at a set temperature:
Fatigue test circulating pressure is determined according to gas cylinder nominal operating pressure, and upper pressure limit is not less than 1.25 times of nominal operating pressures, tired
Labor test cycle low pressure limit is 2 ± 1MPa；Carry out fatigue and cyclic in a manner of pressurization-pressure release-pressurization, cycle frequency is less than etc.
In 10 times/min；Fatigue and cyclic every certain number records and saves a sound emission data, and then studies different fatigue and follow
The damage changing rule of composites gas cylinder under ring；
(6) the hierarchical loading water pressure test
During fatigue and cyclic, suspends fatigue after the fatigue and cyclic cycle of certain number since CYCLIC LOADING for the first time and survey
Examination, and carry out the scalping load water pressure test, it is therefore an objective to it simulates gas cylinder and uses the hydraulic pressure in inspecting periodically at regular intervals
Test；The hierarchical loading water pressure test is forced into the hydraulic test pressure of 1.5 times of nominal operating pressures with gas cylinder to be measured from zero-pressure, together
When determine the curve of the hierarchical loading water pressure test；The hierarchical loading refer in the water pressure test with n include boosting, pressure maintaining,
The interim loading method of pressure release gradually boosts to gas cylinder by hydrostatic pressure test pressure；Wherein, n takes 5~10, and value is worked by nominal
Pressure determines；Pressure release refers to maximum pressure when pressure release to previous boosting；It is whole during entire hierarchical loading to acquire each biography
The acoustic emission signal data of sensor；After pressure rises to hydraulic test pressure and pressure maintaining, at the uniform velocity pressure release terminates the examination of hierarchical loading hydraulic pressure
It tests, then proceeds by fatigue test；The hierarchical loading water pressure test carries out at a set temperature, i.e. working environment and fatigue test
It is identical；
(7) evaluation of result
Count the sound emission amplitude in fatigue and cyclic test and hit number parameter, establish acoustic emission signal and fatigue and cyclic pressure,
The relation curve of acoustic emission signal and fatigue and cyclic cycle；According to the changing rule of curve, analyze under different fatigue circulation cycle
Damage situation of change；Positioning using TDOA analysis is carried out using acoustie emission event number, realizes the damage reason location of composites gas cylinder, into
And judge weak location of the gas cylinder in the high temperature environment under the fatigue and cyclic cycle.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, being lower than hydraulic test pressure one third to dwell pressure
The hierarchical loading stage be not provided with the pressure release stage.
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| CN110411843A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of pressure vessel or pipe test by air-pressurizing system and test method |
| CN112147010A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 西北工业大学 | Fatigue performance testing system for composite material pressure-resistant shell |
| CN117571200A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 无锡芯感智半导体有限公司 | Pressure sensor water pressure fatigue test system based on artificial intelligence |
| CN117824928A (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-04-05 | 烟台焕发新能源有限公司 | Gas cylinder test system under low temperature environment |
| CN117824928B (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-04-30 | 烟台焕发新能源有限公司 | Gas cylinder test system under low temperature environment |
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Application publication date: 20181218 |