Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hot steam recycling energy-saving system of a steam boiler, which can fully utilize the heat energy in the steam and effectively recycle the condensed water, has the characteristics of energy saving and high efficiency, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a hot steam recovery energy-saving utilization system of a steam boiler comprises the steam boiler, wherein the top end of the steam boiler is connected with a steam turbine through a heat insulation pipe, the gas outlet end of the steam turbine is connected with a condenser, a descaling device is detachably mounted in the condenser, and the bottom of the condenser is connected with a condensate recovery device through the condenser;
the steam trap comprises a water collecting bin, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are respectively and fixedly mounted on the left side and the bottom side of the water collecting bin, an annular sealing groove with a cross section in a shape of "" is arranged above the water outlet pipe, a sealing support ring is movably arranged in the annular sealing groove, a sealing floating ball is fixedly mounted on the sealing support ring, a cambered surface sealing plate is arranged below the sealing floating ball, the cambered surface sealing plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the annular sealing groove, a limiting plate is arranged above the sealing floating ball, and the limiting plate is fixedly mounted on the.
Further, the upper side of the water collecting bin is connected with an exhaust pipe, the top end of the exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust sealing groove, a sealing sleeve is arranged in the exhaust sealing groove, and the exhaust pipe is further in threaded connection with a sealing bolt.
Furthermore, the cambered surface sealing plate and the limiting plate are matched with the spherical surface of the sealing floating ball, and a drain hole and an exhaust hole are respectively arranged on the cambered surface sealing plate and the limiting plate.
Furthermore, the heat preservation pipe comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, a plurality of vacuum cavities with annular sections are arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and reinforcing ribs are arranged in the outer pipe.
Further, the gas condenser comprises a gas condensing box, a plurality of spraying nozzles are installed on the inner top surface of the gas condensing box, the left side of the gas condensing box is connected with a mountain-shaped shunt joint, the left end of the shunt joint is connected with a connecting pipeline, the right end of the shunt joint is connected with three hollow heat exchange plates, the hollow heat exchange plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the gas condensing box, and a plurality of heat exchange holes are formed in the hollow heat exchange plates.
Furthermore, three hollow heat exchange plates are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the condensing box from top to bottom, and the widths of the hollow heat exchange plates are sequentially increased from top to bottom.
Further, the outer surface of the gas condensation box is provided with a heat insulation layer.
Further, scale removal device threaded connection is in the gas condensation tank bottom, scale removal device includes the thread bush, thread bush threaded connection is in the bottom of gas condensation tank leading flank, the swivel cap is installed to thread bush one end, the annular charging barrel of thread bush other end fixedly connected with, be equipped with a plurality of ion exchange holes on the charging barrel surface, charging barrel inside is filled with the water softening resin.
Furthermore, the condensate water recovery device comprises a water storage tank connected with a water drainage pipe, the bottom end of the water storage tank is connected with a circulating water pump, a water outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with a steam boiler, and a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the water storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the steam trap of the invention separates hot steam from condensed water, avoids the discharge of the hot steam and the condensed water together, reduces the loss of heat, improves the utilization efficiency of heat energy, simultaneously plays a role in regulating air pressure and ensures the air pressure balance in a closed space;
(2) the condenser of the invention condenses and recovers the residual hot steam, and reduces the air pressure at the air outlet end of the steam turbine in a condensing mode, thereby increasing the air pressure difference between the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the steam turbine and increasing the conversion efficiency of converting heat energy into mechanical energy of the steam turbine;
(3) the descaling device provided by the invention removes soluble salts such as calcium, magnesium and the like in the condensed water by using the hard water softening resin, avoids the reaction of calcium and magnesium ions and anions in the condensed water to generate water-insoluble scale, and prevents scaling in the gas condensation tank and subsequent pipeline blockage.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a hot steam recovery energy-saving utilization system of a steam boiler, which comprises a steam boiler 1, wherein the top end of the steam boiler 1 is connected with a steam turbine 3 through a heat preservation pipe 2, the gas outlet end of the steam turbine 3 is connected with a condenser 4, a descaling device 5 is detachably arranged in the condenser 4, and the bottom of the condenser 4 is connected with a condensate recovery device 7 through a steam trap 6.
In the embodiment, hot steam generated by a steam boiler 1 is sent into a steam turbine 3, the steam turbine 2 converts heat energy in the hot steam into mechanical energy, heat energy is utilized, residual hot steam discharged by the steam turbine 3 is discharged into a condenser 4 to be condensed, the air pressure value at the air outlet end of the steam turbine is reduced, the air pressure difference at two ends of the steam turbine 3 is increased, the heat conversion efficiency of the steam turbine 3 is improved, the condenser 4 transfers heat in the residual hot steam into condensed water, finally the condensed water is sent into the steam boiler 1, the heat contained in the hot steam is fully utilized, the steam trap 6 separates the hot steam from the condensed water, the hot steam and the condensed water are prevented from being discharged together, the loss of the heat is reduced, the air pressure is adjusted, and the condensed water is collected and sent back to the steam boiler 1 by a condensed water recovery device 7, the utilization efficiency of the hot steam is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 6, the steam trap 6 includes a water collection bin 601, a water inlet pipe 602 and a water outlet pipe 603 are respectively and fixedly installed at the left side and the bottom side of the water collection bin 601, an annular sealing groove 604 with a cross section in a shape of "u" is arranged above the water outlet pipe 603, a sealing support ring 605 is movably arranged in the annular sealing groove 604, a sealing floating ball 606 is fixedly installed on the sealing support ring 605, an arc sealing plate 607 is arranged below the sealing floating ball 606, the arc sealing plate 607 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular sealing groove 604, a limit plate 608 is arranged above the sealing floating ball 606, and the limit plate 608 is fixedly installed on.
In this embodiment, steam trap 6 has carried out the separation of hot steam and comdenstion water, has avoided hot steam and comdenstion water to discharge together, has reduced thermal loss, promotes the utilization efficiency of heat energy, has also played the effect of adjusting atmospheric pressure simultaneously, has guaranteed the atmospheric pressure balance in the airtight space.
In the present embodiment, the steam trap 6 specifically operates according to the following principle: because the water collecting bin 601 contains more water vapor, the air pressure value of the water collecting bin 601 is greater than the air pressure in the drain pipe 603, due to the air pressure difference, the sealing floating ball 606 and the sealing support ring are subjected to downward pressure, when the content of condensed water in the water collecting bin 601 is higher, the buoyancy of water borne by the sealing floating ball 606 is greater than the downward pressure, the sealing floating ball floats upwards, the sealing support ring 60 is driven to move upwards, the condensed water is discharged from the drain pipe 603 through the annular sealing groove 604, and the hot steam cannot be discharged because the hot steam is positioned on the upper surface of the condensed water, so that the separation of the hot steam and the condensed water is realized.
In this embodiment, the annular sealing groove 604 is matched with the sealing support ring 605 to realize first re-sealing, the floating sealing ball 606 is matched with the cambered sealing plate 607 to realize second re-sealing and double sealing, so that the sealing performance of the steam trap 6 is greatly improved, and the limiting plate 608 prevents the floating sealing ball 606 from floating to a large height and being unable to return to the original position.
As shown in fig. 6, an exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the upper side of the water collecting bin 601, an exhaust sealing groove 9 is formed in the top end of the exhaust pipe 8, a sealing sleeve 10 is arranged in the exhaust sealing groove 9, and a sealing bolt 11 is further connected to the exhaust pipe 8 through a thread.
In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 8 is arranged to discharge the water vapor inside the condensing box 401 when the condensing box 401 is not in use, so as to prevent the inside of the condensing box 401 from being corroded due to moisture.
As shown in fig. 6, the arc sealing plate 607 and the limiting plate 608 are both matched with the spherical surface of the sealing floating ball 606, and the arc sealing plate 607 and the limiting plate 608 are respectively provided with a water discharge hole 12 and a gas discharge hole 13.
In this embodiment, the arc sealing plate 607 and the limiting plate 608 are matched with the floating seal ball 606, so that the floating seal ball 606 is tightly connected with the arc sealing plate 607 or the limiting plate 608, and good sealing performance is achieved, and the drain hole 12 and the exhaust hole 13 are respectively used for discharging condensed water and water vapor.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the thermal insulation pipe 2 includes an inner pipe 201 and an outer pipe 202, a plurality of vacuum chambers 203 with annular cross sections are disposed between the inner pipe 201 and the outer pipe 202, and reinforcing ribs 204 are disposed in the outer pipe 202.
In this embodiment, thermal-insulated through the vacuum cavity 203 that sets up in the middle of bilayer structure and bilayer structure of insulating tube 2, reduces thermal loss to promote thermal effective utilization, in this embodiment, inner tube 201 and outer tube 202 can adopt polycrystalline alumina fiber material, not only have good thermal insulation performance, still have high temperature resistance's characteristic simultaneously, and the setting of strengthening rib 204 has promoted the mechanical strength of insulating tube, has prolonged its life.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the condenser 4 includes a condenser box 401, a plurality of spray nozzles 406 are installed on the inner top surface of the condenser box 401, the left side of the condenser box 401 is connected with a "hill" -shaped flow distribution joint 402, the left end of the flow distribution joint 402 is connected with a connecting pipeline 403, the right end of the flow distribution joint 402 is connected with three hollow heat exchange plates 404, the hollow heat exchange plates 404 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the condenser box 401, and a plurality of heat exchange holes 405 are formed in the hollow heat exchange plates 404.
In this embodiment, the condenser 4 condenses and recovers the residual hot steam, and reduces the air pressure at the air outlet end of the steam turbine 3 in a condensing manner, so that the air pressure difference between the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the steam turbine 3 is increased, and the conversion efficiency of converting heat energy into mechanical energy of the steam turbine 3 is increased.
In this embodiment, residual hot steam and partial condensed water after passing through the steam turbine 3 enter the flow dividing joint 402 through the connecting pipe 403, the flow dividing joint 402 divides the hot steam, the flowing speed of the hot steam is reduced, the hot steam can be fully contacted with the spray, the condensation of the hot steam is accelerated, the hot steam is discharged from the heat exchange holes in the hollow heat exchange plate 404 through the flow dividing joint 402, the hot steam is contacted with the water mist sprayed by the spray nozzle 406, the hot steam is condensed into liquid water, and the heat in the hot steam is transferred to the liquid water to be stored and utilized.
As shown in fig. 4, three hollow heat exchange plates 404 are sequentially installed on the inner wall of the gas condensation box 401 from top to bottom, and the widths of the hollow heat exchange plates 404 are sequentially increased from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, the widths of the hollow heat exchange plates 404 are sequentially increased from top to bottom, so that the hot steam exhausted from the hollow heat exchange plates 404 is exposed under the spray nozzles 406, the heat exchange of the hot steam is increased, the pressure in the condensing box 401 is reduced, the flow rate of the hot steam in the steam turbine 3 is accelerated, and the energy conversion efficiency of the steam turbine 3 is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the outer surface of the gas condensation tank 401 is provided with a heat insulation layer 14.
In this embodiment, the arrangement of the heat insulating layer 14 reduces the heat loss in the gas condensation box 401, and the preheating contained in the hot steam in the gas condensation box 401 is transferred into the condensed water for recycling, so that the heat utilization rate of the hot steam is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the descaling device 5 is screwed at the bottom of the gas condensation tank 401, the descaling device 5 comprises a threaded sleeve 501, the threaded sleeve 501 is screwed at the bottom of the front side of the gas condensation tank 401, a rotary cover 502 is installed at one end of the threaded sleeve 501, an annular charging barrel 503 is fixedly connected at the other end of the threaded sleeve 501, a plurality of ion exchange holes 504 are arranged on the surface of the charging barrel 503, and hard water softening resin 505 is filled in the charging barrel 503.
In this embodiment, the descaling device 5 removes soluble salts such as calcium and magnesium in the condensed water by using the hard water softening resin 5, so as to prevent the calcium and magnesium ions from reacting with anions in the condensed water to generate water-insoluble scale, and prevent scaling in the gas condensation tank 401 and blocking of subsequent pipelines.
In this embodiment, the charging barrel 503 is provided with ion exchange holes on the inner and outer side surfaces, so that condensed water and hard water softening resin can react sufficiently to better soften hard water, and in this embodiment, the rotating cover 502 can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions to install and detach the descaling device 5, which is simple in structure and convenient to operate.
As shown in fig. 1, the condensate recovery device 7 includes a water storage tank 701 connected to a drain pipe 603, a circulating water pump 702 is connected to a bottom end of the water storage tank 701, a water outlet of the circulating water pump 702 is connected to the steam boiler 1, and an insulating layer 703 is provided outside the water storage tank 701.
In this embodiment, the condensate recovery device 7 collects condensate water, and sends the collected condensate water into the steam boiler 1 to supplement the water amount in the steam boiler 1, in this embodiment, the water storage tank 701 collects the condensate water of the backflow, after a certain amount of condensate water is collected in the water storage tank 701, the circulating water pump 702 is started, the circulating water pump 702 sends the condensate water into the steam boiler 1, the preheating in the condensate water is fully utilized, the arrangement of the heat preservation layer 703 reduces the loss of the preheating in the condensate water, and the utilization rate of heat energy is improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.