CN109025886B

CN109025886B - Reciprocating axial sealing deviation-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer

Info

Publication number: CN109025886B
Application number: CN201811008760.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王纯; 王春明; 张义端
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Yiaien New Material Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Yiaien New Material Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-31
Filing date: 2018-08-31
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-31
Also published as: CN109025886A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of oil field production equipment, and particularly relates to a reciprocating type axial sealing offset energy-saving blowout preventer which comprises a polished rod sealing device, an offset device, a well sealing device and a polished rod clamping device, wherein the well sealing device comprises a rubber cylinder, a supporting sleeve, an upper pressing ring, a lower pressing ring and an outer cylinder, the rubber cylinder is positioned on the inner side of the supporting sleeve, the upper pressing ring and the lower pressing ring are respectively tightly pressed at the upper end and the lower end of the supporting sleeve, the middle part of the supporting sleeve is provided with a liquid passing hole, a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the outer cylinder and corresponds to the liquid passing hole, a one-way valve is connected on the liquid inlet pipe in series, and a pressure relief branch. The hydraulic well sealing mechanism is creatively adopted, when the well is sealed, the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the manual hydraulic pump or the vehicle-mounted hydraulic pump, and the well is sealed by injecting the high-pressure liquid medium into the sealing cavity outside the rubber cylinder.

Description

Reciprocating axial sealing deviation-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of oil field oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to a reciprocating type axial seal deflection-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer.

Background

The pumping unit is the most common oil extraction machine in the production process of oil fields, and in order to prevent the liquid in the well from leaking to the ground from the periphery of the polished pumping rod, well sealers are arranged at the well heads of the pumping wells. The well sealer generally includes a polish rod sealing device, an offset device, a well sealing device and a polish rod clamping device, wherein the polish rod sealing device is used for sealing a pumping polish rod which reciprocates up and down in the working state of the pumping unit, and the well sealing device is used for sealing a static pumping polish rod when a sealing element is replaced. The existing blowout preventer has various types, but all have obvious defects:

1. in current blowout preventer, the packing in the polished rod sealing device can twist the adjusting sleeve after wearing and tearing, and the adjusting sleeve compresses tightly the packing under threaded effect to make the packing continue to exert sealed effect, but in current blowout preventer, the hardness of packing is great, and is harder when compressing tightly once more, and in addition, when compressing tightly the packing once more, the stroke of adjusting sleeve is longer, not only produces adverse effect to operating efficiency, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of blowout preventer moreover.

2. The existing well sealer mostly adopts a radial well sealing structure, in the structural form, a well sealing valve needs to close two valve cores from two sides of a pumping polished rod at the same time to ensure a better well sealing effect, but in production practice, the two valve cores are difficult to ensure to be closed at the same time, and therefore the results of uneven stress on the sealing of the pumping polished rod and untight sealing of a well head are caused.

3. In the existing well plugging device, a pumping rod is clamped in a well plugging device in a radial clamping mode, so that the pumping rod is prevented from falling into a well in the maintenance process, but the clamping mechanism not only occupies a large space, but also is very laborious to operate. In addition, the clamping mechanism requires synchronous clamping from both sides of the polished pumping rod, so that the technical level requirement of an operator is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a reciprocating axial seal deviation-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the invention comprises a polish rod sealing device, an offset device, a well sealing device and a polish rod clamping device, wherein a pumping polish rod is inserted in the center of each device, the polish rod sealing device comprises a packing box, an adjusting sleeve, a packing and a packing gland, the adjusting sleeve is connected to the upper end of the packing box through threads, the packing gland and the packing are installed in the packing box, after the packing is worn, the packing gland can move downwards through rotating the adjusting sleeve so as to axially compress the packing, the packing is deformed after being compressed and further attached to the pumping polish rod, the packing is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, the outer surfaces of the inner-layer packing and the outer-layer packing are both conical surface structures with thick middle parts and thin two ends, two ends of the outer-layer packing are respectively buckled with two pressing sleeves with completely identical structures, and axial notches which are uniformly distributed along the axes of the pressing sleeves are arranged on the opposite end, an inserting part matched with the axial notches is formed between every two adjacent axial notches, and the inserting part is inserted into the axial notches;

the well sealing device comprises a rubber barrel, a support sleeve, an upper compression ring, a lower compression ring and an outer barrel, wherein the rubber barrel is positioned inside the support sleeve, the upper compression ring and the lower compression ring are respectively compressed at the upper end and the lower end of the support sleeve, so that the upper end and the lower end of the rubber barrel are fixed, the rubber barrel, the support sleeve, the upper compression ring and the lower compression ring are all installed in the outer barrel, the outer sides of the upper end and the lower end of the support sleeve are sealed with the inner wall of the outer barrel through sealing rings, a liquid passing hole is formed in the middle of the support sleeve, a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the outer barrel and corresponds to the liquid passing hole, a one-way valve is connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe;

the polished rod clamping device comprises a turbine, a worm and a mounting shell for mounting the turbine and the worm, the turbine and the worm form a turbine and worm transmission mechanism, an eccentric hole A is formed in the middle of the turbine, an eccentric hole B and an eccentric hole C are respectively formed in the upper side and the lower side of the turbine, the diameters and the eccentric distances of the eccentric hole B and the eccentric hole C are the same as those of the eccentric hole A, and the eccentric direction is opposite to that of the eccentric hole A.

The hardness of the inner layer packing is lower than that of the outer layer packing. The eccentric hole B is directly processed on the mounting shell, the eccentric hole C is arranged on an eccentric ring, and the eccentric ring is fixedly connected on the mounting shell.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention improves the internal structure of the polished rod sealing device, when the packing is compressed again after the packing is worn, the two pressing sleeves are close to each other, the inserting parts on the two pressing sleeves are staggered, and a part of space which does not need to be filled with the packing is formed between the packing box and the packing, so that the packing is more and more deformed towards one side of the polished rod, thereby shortening the stroke of the adjusting sleeve, and finally achieving the effects of saving the operation time and shortening the length of the polished rod sealing device. In addition, the packing set directly bears the radial compression force applied by the pressing sleeve through the arrangement of the pressing sleeve, and the radial compression force and the axial compression force applied by the pressing sleeve act together, so that the effect of saving labor is finally achieved.

2. The hydraulic well sealing mechanism is creatively adopted, when the well is sealed, the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the manual hydraulic pump or the vehicle-mounted hydraulic pump, and the well is sealed by injecting the high-pressure liquid medium into the sealing cavity outside the rubber cylinder.

3. The worm gear mechanism and the eccentric locking mechanism are combined to clamp the oil pumping polished rod, and compared with the prior art, the worm gear mechanism and the eccentric locking mechanism are more labor-saving in operation and lower in requirements for the technical level of an operator.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a polish rod sealing device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the well sealing device and the polished rod clamping device;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an operation principle diagram of the polished rod clamping device.

In the figure: 1-oil pumping polished rod, 2-turbine, 3-installation shell, 4-support sleeve, 5-liquid passing hole, 6-rubber cylinder, 7-pressing sleeve, 8-packing box, 9-outer packing, 10-inner packing, 11-adjusting sleeve, 12-packing gland, 13-upper pressing ring, 14-one-way valve, 15-pressure relief branch, 16-lower pressing ring, 17-worm, 18-axial notch, 19-insertion part, 20-eccentric ring, 21-deviation adjusting device, 22-eccentric hole A, 23-eccentric hole B, 24-eccentric hole C and 25-outer cylinder.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the polished sucker rod sealing device comprises a polished rod sealing device, an offset adjusting device 21, a well sealing device and a polished rod clamping device, wherein a sucker rod 1 is inserted into the centers of the polished rod sealing device, the polished rod sealing device comprises a packing box 8, an adjusting sleeve 11, a packing and a packing gland 12, the adjusting sleeve 11 is connected to the upper end of the packing box 8 through threads, the packing gland 12 and the packing are installed in the packing box 8, after the packing is worn, the packing gland 12 can move downwards through rotating the adjusting sleeve 11 so as to axially compress the packing, and the packing deforms after being compressed so as to be further attached to the sucker rod 1. The above is the structure existing in the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.

The packing be inside and outside bilayer structure, the surface of inlayer packing 10 and outer packing 9 is the thin conical surface structure in thick both ends in the middle of, the both ends of outer packing 9 lock respectively has two pressure cover 7 that the structure is identical, the inboard conical surface with the outer packing 9 outside of pressing cover 7 matches. When the packing root was compressed, two pressure cover 7 wedged between packing box 8 and outer packing 9 from upper and lower both sides, and at this in-process, the packing directly bore the compressive force of pressing the axial that cover 7 was applyed and two radial directions, compares with the structure that current simple bore axial compressive force, and radial compressive force can be directly extrudeed the packing inboard, and the source of effort is more direct, consequently more laborsaving.

Axial notches 18 which are uniformly distributed along the axis of the pressing sleeve 7 are arranged on the opposite end faces of the two pressing sleeves 7, an inserting part 19 matched with the axial notches 18 is formed between every two adjacent axial notches 18, and the inserting part 19 is inserted into the axial notches 18. When the packing is compressed, two pressure cover 7 are close to each other, insert portion 19 on two pressure cover 7 is crisscross each other, prop out partly space that does not need the packing to fill (get rid of remaining volume behind the shared space of insert portion 19 from the space between two adjacent insert portions 19 promptly) between packing box 8 and packing, under the certain circumstances of packing wearing and tearing volume, make the packing more deform to 1 one side of oil pumping polished rod sooner, thereby the stroke of adjusting sleeve 11 has been shortened, the operating time that has saved has finally been reached, the effect of polished rod sealing device's length is shortened.

The well sealing device include packing element 6, support cover 4, go up clamping ring 13, clamping ring 16 and urceolus 25 down, packing element 6 is located the inboard of supporting cover 4, go up clamping ring 13 and clamping ring 16 down and compress tightly the upper and lower both ends at supporting cover 4 through the conical surface cooperation respectively, thereby it is fixed with the upper and lower both ends of packing element 6, support cover 4, go up clamping ring 13 and clamping ring 16 down and all install in urceolus 25, it is sealed through the sealing washer between the outside at the upper and lower both ends of support cover 4 and urceolus 25 inner wall, thereby form a sealed annular space between packing element 6 and urceolus 25. The middle part of the support sleeve 4 is provided with a liquid passing hole 5, the outer cylinder 25 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe corresponding to the liquid passing hole 5, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a one-way valve 14 in series.

The side of feed liquor pipe is provided with pressure release branch road 15, and it has the relief valve to establish ties on the pressure release branch road 15, opens the relief valve after alright will the well shut-in state relieve fast, compares with prior art, has convenient operation laborsaving characteristics equally.

The polished rod clamping device comprises a turbine 2, a worm 17 and a mounting shell 3 for mounting the turbine 2 and the worm 17, the turbine 2 and the worm 17 form a turbine and worm transmission mechanism, an eccentric hole A22 is formed in the middle of the turbine 2, an eccentric hole B23 and an eccentric hole C24 are respectively formed in the upper side and the lower side of the turbine 2, the diameters and the eccentric distances of the eccentric hole B23 and the eccentric hole C24 are the same as those of the eccentric hole A22, and the eccentric direction is opposite to that of the eccentric hole A22. When the polish rod 1 needs to be clamped, the worm 17 is rotated, and the worm gear and worm mechanism has the characteristic of large transmission ratio, so that the worm 17 can be screwed by small force to provide large torque for the turbine 2 to rotate, and after the turbine 2 rotates, the eccentric hole A22, the eccentric hole B23 and the eccentric hole C24 jointly act to clamp the polish rod 1. Because the worm gear mechanism has the characteristic of self-locking, the polished pumping rod 1 cannot be naturally loosened after being clamped, and reliable clamping is realized. In addition, the eccentric clamping mechanism of the invention can naturally center the oil pumping polished rod 1 after clamping, thereby having lower requirements on the technical level of operators.

The hardness of the inner layer packing 10 is lower, and the hardness of the outer layer packing 9 is high. The packing adopts bilayer structure for the packing "flows" more easily under the compression state, thereby makes the compression of packing more laborsaving. Meanwhile, the softer inner layer packing 10 is more favorable for ensuring the sealing performance of the packing, and the harder outer layer packing 9 has stronger deformation resistance, so that the packing cannot be extruded into the axial notch 18, and the purpose of shortening the stroke of the adjusting sleeve 11 is realized.

Eccentric hole B23 directly process on installation casing 3 on, eccentric hole C24 set up on an eccentric ring 20, eccentric ring 20 fixed connection be in installation casing 3 on, so both be convenient for the processing of installation casing 3, be convenient for turbine 2's installation again.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a reciprocating type axial seal tuningout energy-conserving blowout preventer, includes polished rod sealing device, tuningout device (21), well packing device and polished rod clamping device, inserts the central authorities of each device above in oil pumping polished rod (1), polished rod sealing device include packing box (8), adjusting sleeve (11), packing and packing gland (12), thereby adjusting sleeve (11) pass through the upper end of threaded connection in packing box (8), packing gland (12) and packing are installed in packing box (8), thereby packing wearing and tearing back, can make packing gland (12) downstream axial compression through rotatory adjusting sleeve (11), thereby packing takes place deformation after being compressed to further laminate on oil pumping polished rod (1), its characterized in that: the packing is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, the outer surfaces of an inner-layer packing (10) and an outer-layer packing (9) are conical surface structures with thick middle parts and thin two ends, two ends of the outer-layer packing (9) are respectively buckled with two pressing sleeves (7) with completely the same structure, axial notches (18) which are uniformly distributed along the axis of the pressing sleeves (7) are arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the two pressing sleeves (7), an inserting part (19) matched with the axial notches (18) is formed between every two adjacent axial notches (18), and the inserting part (19) is inserted into the axial notches (18);

the well sealing device comprises a rubber cylinder (6), a supporting sleeve (4), an upper pressing ring (13), a lower pressing ring (16) and an outer cylinder (25), wherein the rubber cylinder (6) is positioned at the inner side of the supporting sleeve (4), the upper pressing ring (13) and the lower pressing ring (16) are respectively pressed at the upper end and the lower end of the supporting sleeve (4), therefore, the upper end and the lower end of the rubber cylinder (6) are fixed, the rubber cylinder (6), the support sleeve (4), the upper pressure ring (13) and the lower pressure ring (16) are all installed in the outer cylinder (25), the outer sides of the upper end and the lower end of the support sleeve (4) are sealed with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (25) through sealing rings, a liquid passing hole (5) is formed in the middle of the support sleeve (4), a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the outer cylinder (25) and corresponds to the liquid passing hole (5), a one-way valve (14) is connected on the liquid inlet pipe in series, a pressure relief branch (15) is arranged on the side face of the liquid inlet pipe, and a pressure relief valve is connected;

polished rod clamping device include turbine (2), worm (17) and be used for installing turbine (2) and worm (17) installation casing (3), turbine (2) and worm (17) constitute turbine worm drive mechanism, the middle part of turbine (2) is provided with eccentric orfice A (22), the upper and lower both sides of turbine (2) are provided with eccentric orfice B (23) and eccentric orfice C (24) respectively, the diameter and the eccentricity of eccentric orfice B (23) and eccentric orfice C (24) all are the same with eccentric orfice A (22), but eccentric direction is opposite with eccentric orfice A (22).

2. The reciprocating axial seal deflection-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the hardness of the inner layer packing (10) is lower than that of the outer layer packing (9).

3. The reciprocating axial seal deflection-adjusting energy-saving blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein: the eccentric hole B (23) is directly processed on the mounting shell (3), the eccentric hole C (24) is arranged on an eccentric ring (20), and the eccentric ring (20) is fixedly connected on the mounting shell (3).