CN109024059B

CN109024059B - Processing method of wool short fiber wet felt

Info

Publication number: CN109024059B
Application number: CN201810843950.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张得昆; 赖艳; 李艳; 刘造芳
Original assignee: Xian Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Yulin Munsell Clothing Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-27
Filing date: 2018-07-27
Publication date: 2021-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-27
Also published as: CN109024059A

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of a wool short fiber wet felt, which comprises the steps of cutting short fibers into pieces with the length of 0.5-20 mm; preparing 0.0001-0.01 wt% of dispersing agent containing polyethylene oxide, adding short fiber, and stirring to obtain fiber suspension, wherein the short fiber accounts for 0.1-2 wt%; adjusting the pH value of the fiber suspension to 2-5 by using an acid solution; then conveying the fiber suspension to a forming screen of non-woven wet-process equipment, and preparing a fiber wet-process net after deposition, water filtration and vacuum pumping; preparing 1-20% adhesive solution by polyvinyl alcohol, and spraying the adhesive solution on a fiber wet-method net; and then the wet fiber method net is placed in an oven with the temperature of 50-120 ℃ for drying for 0.1-2.5 h, and the wet fiber method felt is prepared after cooling to the room temperature. The processing method of the invention processes and manufactures the waste wool short fiber by using the wet non-weaving technology, realizes the recycling of the waste wool short fiber resource and saves the production cost.

Description

Processing method of wool short fiber wet felt

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wet-process non-woven processing, and relates to a processing method of a wool short fiber wet-process felt.

Background

Wool is an important raw material in the textile industry, can be used for weaving high-grade clothing fabrics, industrial wool, wool felts, liner materials and ornaments, such as wall blankets, carpets and the like, has the advantages of good elasticity, strong hygroscopicity, good heat retention, soft luster and the like, and has various unique styles, thereby becoming a favored object of consumers. China is a big country for producing and using wool, the wool spinning processing amount exceeds one third of the total amount of wool in the world, but a large amount of fly wool, falling wool and ultrashort fibers are generated in the wool textile processing process every year, the fibers are different in length, high in impurity content, poor in spinnability and difficult to process, and are generally treated as garbage or waste materials, so that great waste is caused.

Wet process Nonwoven, also known as Wet process Nonwoven, is known by the English name of Wet-laid Nonwoven, which is defined by the International nonwovens Association: "Wet laid web is a paper-like nonwoven fabric produced by a series of processes including a web produced by depositing fibers suspended in a water bath and fixing the web. Generally speaking, wet nonwoven fabrics are nonwoven fabrics with certain properties obtained by dewatering water, fibers and chemical additives in a special forming screen and then carrying out physical or chemical treatment processing on the fibrous web.

The wool short fiber is used as a raw material, and is processed into the wet felt by using a wet non-weaving technology, so that the waste of the wool short fiber is reduced, meanwhile, the prepared wool short fiber wet felt can also be used for various crop protection bags such as agricultural mulching films, food packaging bags and the like, and the wool is natural and degradable fiber and cannot cause pollution to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a processing method of a wool short fiber wet felt, which has the characteristics of strong adaptability of raw material types (being suitable for forming a net by short fibers with the length of less than 20 mm) and capability of changing waste wool short fibers into valuables.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a processing method of a wool short fiber wet felt, which is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, selecting clean wool fibers, and cutting longer wool short fibers into specified lengths;

step 2, taking a certain amount of water, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution, and preparing mixed liquid;

step 3, adding the wool fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, and adding a proper amount of acid solution to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 4, conveying the fiber suspension liquid prepared in the step 3 to a forming screen of non-woven wet equipment, and obtaining a fiber wet method net after deposition, water filtration and vacuum pumping;

5, spraying an adhesive on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4;

and 6, drying the wet fiber net treated by spraying the adhesive in the step 5 to obtain the wet fiber felt.

And 2, the mass percent of the dispersant in the mixed liquid is 0.0001-0.03%.

The dispersing agent adopts polyoxyethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose, cationic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide or lauryl sodium sulfate.

Step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

step 3.1, adding the wool short fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the wool short fibers in the mixed liquid reaches 0.1-2%;

and 3.2, adjusting the pH value of the fiber mixed solution to 2-5 by adopting an acid solution, and uniformly dispersing the wool short fibers into the mixed solution to prepare a fiber suspension.

Step 5 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

step 5.1, selecting and preparing an adhesive solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1-20%;

and 5.2, spraying a binder solution on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass percentage of the binder in the fiber is controlled to be 1-20%.

The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble phenolic resin or epoxy resin.

And 6, drying by using an oven at the drying temperature of 50-120 ℃ for 0.1-2.5 h.

The length of the wool short fibers cut in the step 1 is 0.5 mm-20 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) in the processing method, the main raw material of the product is the wool short fiber (leftovers), so that the recovery and the utilization of the wool short fiber (leftovers) are realized, the waste of the wool short fiber is reduced, and the production cost is also reduced;

(2) the wet processing technology has the advantages of short process flow, small processing difficulty and the like;

(3) the wool short fiber wet felt processed by the processing method has the advantages of environmental protection and degradability, and can be applied to agricultural mulching films, food packaging bags, various crop protection bags and the like.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The processing method of the wool short fiber wet felt is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, removing impurities from wool short fibers, natural fibers (such as waste silk) or chemical fibers, and then cutting longer fibers into 0.5-20 mm;

and 2, adding a dispersant solution into water to prepare a mixed solution, wherein the dispersant is polyethylene oxide (PEO), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cationic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide or Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) or the like. The method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution;

step 2.2, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution into water, and fully mixing the water and the dispersant by stirring to prepare a mixed liquid with the mass percent concentration of the dispersant of 0.0001-0.03%;

and 3, adding the prepared fiber into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, adding an acid to adjust the pH value, and preparing a fiber suspension by stirring, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

step 3.1, adding the fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2 to ensure that the mass percent of the fibers in the mixed liquid reaches 0.1-2%;

step 3.2, adding a proper amount of acid solution into the mixed liquid, and adjusting the pH value to 2-5; uniformly dispersing the fibers in the liquid by stirring (beating) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 4, conveying the fiber suspension liquid prepared in the step 3 to a forming screen of non-woven wet equipment, and performing deposition, water filtration and vacuum pumping operations to prepare a fiber wet-method net;

and 5, spraying an adhesive on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4, wherein the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water-soluble phenolic resin or epoxy resin, and the method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 5.1, selecting or preparing an adhesive solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1-20%;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4 to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the fiber reaches 1-20%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 50-120 ℃ for 0.1-2.5 h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

In the processing method of the wool short fiber wet felt, the invention comprises the following steps:

the function of the step 1: subjecting short wool fibers (leftovers), natural fibers (such as waste silk) and chemical fibers to primary processing to remove impurities; longer fibers are cut into pieces with the diameter of less than 20mm, so that the uniformity of raw materials and a web is improved, and the quality of the raw materials is ensured;

the function of the step 2: the dispersing agent is adopted to reduce the flocculation tendency of the fiber, so that the effect of uniform dispersion is achieved;

the principle is as follows: the dispersant is usually a surfactant and can form a bilayer structure on the surface of the fiber, and because the dispersant contains hydrophilic groups, the hydrophilic groups of the outer dispersant have stronger binding capacity with water, so that the wetting degree of the fiber by water is increased, the flocculation tendency of the fiber can be reduced, and the effect of uniform dispersion is achieved;

the dispersant preferably used is polyethylene oxide (PEO), which has the advantage that: the dispersing agent is white powder, is nontoxic and harmless, is green and environment-friendly, and is easy to dissolve in water;

the function of the step 3: adding the fiber into the mixed liquid to ensure that the mass percent of the fiber in the mixed liquid reaches 0.1-2%, and uniformly dispersing the fiber into the liquid by stirring (beating) to prepare uniform fiber suspension; adding acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to 2-5, so that the mixed liquid is acidic and the fibers are promoted to be better dispersed in the suspension;

the function of the step 4: depositing, draining and vacuumizing the fiber suspension prepared in the step (3) by using a forming net curtain on wet production equipment to prepare a fiber wet-process net, and preparing a material for preparing a fiber wet-process felt;

the function of the step 5: the adhesive is adopted to enhance the cohesive force among the fibers, so that the fibers are bonded together, and the wet-process fiber net is reinforced;

the principle is as follows: the binder is uniformly distributed in the web, and then the fibers in the web in a dispersed state are bonded to each other by curing of the binder; at the interface where the binder and the fibers contact each other, there are two types of bonding: the first is mechanical bonding, which is due to the mechanical interlocking effect of the adhesive penetrating into the interstices of the bonded web; the second is special adhesion, which is generated by physical and chemical actions, and is due to the formation of chemical bonds, or the introduction of polar groups in the adhesive and the gradual migration of macromolecular chains, chain segments, chain links and the like to the surface of the bonded fiber web, and the mutual attraction of the polar groups of the two parts generates intermolecular acting force, thereby achieving good adhesion;

the binder preferably used is polyvinyl alcohol PVA, which has the advantages: the adhesive is a water-soluble polymer adhesive, is white powder, is the only polyhydroxy polymer which can be dissolved in water, has excellent film forming property and emulsifying property, has higher strength, toughness and wear resistance of an adhesive layer, can resist grease and solvent, is nontoxic, harmless and environment-friendly; polyvinyl alcohol is an excellent adhesive for textile fabrics and rayon, and the non-woven fabric with proper high strength can be produced by using 1-20% of the fiber mass;

the function of the step 6: and (4) evaporating the moisture in the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step (5) and the adhesive, further thermally reinforcing and shaping the fiber wet-process net, and improving the physical property and the mechanical property of the fiber wet-process felt.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

Step 1: removing impurities from the waste wool short fibers, and then cutting the longer wool short fibers into 15 mm;

step 2, adding a dispersant into water to prepare a mixed solution, and specifically performing the following steps:

2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.25%;

step 2.2, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution into water, and stirring to fully mix the water and the dispersant to prepare a mixed solution with the dispersant concentration of 0.0005 percent by mass;

step 3, adding the prepared wool short fibers into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution, and preparing a fiber suspension, wherein the preparation method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 3.1, adding the wool short fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the fibers in the mixed liquid reaches 0.5%;

step 3.2, adding an acidic solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to 5, and uniformly dispersing the wool short fibers in the mixed liquid by stirring (beating) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 4, conveying the fiber suspension liquid prepared in the step 3 to a forming screen of wet equipment, and performing deposition, water filtration and vacuum pumping operations to prepare a fiber wet-method net;

and 5, spraying an adhesive on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4, wherein the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 5.1, selecting or preparing a binder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5%;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the wet fiber net prepared in the step 4 to enable the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the wool short fibers to reach 8%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

Example 2

Step 1: removing impurities from the waste wool short fibers, and then cutting the longer wool short fibers into 10 mm;

2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5%;

step 2.2, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution into water, and stirring to fully mix the water and the dispersant to prepare a mixed solution with the dispersant concentration of 0.001 percent by mass;

3.1, adding the wool short fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the fibers in the mixed liquid reaches 0.8%;

step 3.2, adding an acidic solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to 3, and uniformly dispersing the wool short fibers in the mixed liquid by stirring (beating) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 5.1, selecting or preparing a 7 mass percent adhesive solution;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the wet fiber net prepared in the step 4 to enable the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the wool short fibers to reach 9%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 0.8h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

Example 3

Step 1: removing impurities from the waste wool short fibers, and then cutting the longer wool short fibers into 6 mm;

2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.8%;

step 2.2, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution into water, and stirring to fully mix the water and the dispersant to prepare a mixed solution with the dispersant concentration of 0.003 percent by mass;

step 3.1, adding the wool short fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the fibers in the mixed liquid reaches 0.1%;

step 3.2, adding an acidic solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to 4, and uniformly dispersing the wool short fibers in the mixed liquid by stirring (beating) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 5.1, selecting or preparing a binder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 4%;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the wet fiber net prepared in the step 4 to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the wool short fibers reaches 12%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 0.6h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

Example 4

Step 1: removing impurities from a mixed fiber consisting of 90% by mass of wool staple fibers and 10% by mass of natural fibers (such as waste silk), and cutting longer fibers in the mixed fiber into 15 mm;

2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1%;

step 2.2, adding a proper amount of dispersant solution into water, and stirring to fully mix the water and the dispersant to prepare a mixed solution with the dispersant concentration of 0.0008 percent by mass;

step 3, adding the prepared mixed fiber into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed fiber, and preparing a fiber suspension, wherein the preparation method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 3.1, adding the mixed fiber prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the mixed fiber in the mixed liquid reaches 0.6%;

step 3.2, adding an acidic solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to 5, and uniformly dispersing the mixed fibers in the mixed liquid by stirring (pulping) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 5.1, selecting or preparing a binder solution with the mass percentage concentration of 6%;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4 to enable the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the mixed fiber to reach 11%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 0.8h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

Example 5

Step 1: removing impurities from a mixed fiber consisting of 90% of wool short fibers and 10% of chemical fibers (such as terylene) by mass percent, and then cutting longer fibers in the mixed fiber into 20 mm;

2.1, selecting or preparing a dispersant solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3%;

step 3.1, adding the mixed fiber prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percentage of the mixed fiber in the mixed liquid reaches 0.3%;

step 3.2, adding an acidic solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed liquid to be 4, and uniformly dispersing the mixed fibers in the mixed liquid by stirring (pulping) to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 5.1, selecting or preparing a 15 mass percent adhesive solution;

step 5.2, uniformly spraying the adhesive solution on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4 to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive in the fiber net in the mixed fiber reaches 6%;

and 6, drying the wet fiber method net prepared in the step 5 in an oven at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 1.5h, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the wet fiber felt.

The third embodiment is preferred in the five embodiments, the prepared fiber wet-process felt has the best practicability, the wool short fiber resource is recycled to a greater extent, and the prepared fiber wet-process felt can be well degraded, is pollution-free and is harmless.

Claims

1. The processing method of the wool short fiber wet felt is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, selecting clean wool short fibers, and cutting longer wool short fibers into specified lengths;

5, spraying an adhesive on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4;

step 6, drying the wet fiber method net after being sprayed with the adhesive in the step 5 to obtain the wet fiber felt;

the step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

3.1, adding the wool short fibers prepared in the step 1 into the mixed liquid prepared in the step 2, so that the mass percent of the wool short fibers in the mixed liquid is 0.1-2%;

3.2, adjusting the pH value of the fiber mixed solution to 2-5 by adopting an acid solution, and uniformly dispersing the wool short fibers into the mixed solution to prepare a fiber suspension;

step 5 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

5.2, spraying a binder solution on the fiber wet-process net prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass percentage of the binder in the fibers is controlled to be 1-20%;

drying by using an oven in the step 6, wherein the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the drying time is 0.1-2.5 h;

the mass percentage of the dispersant in the mixed liquid in the step 2 is 0.0001-0.03%;

the length of the wool short fibers cut in the step 1 is 0.5 mm-20 mm.

2. A wool staple fiber wet felt processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersant is polyethylene oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, cationic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

3. A wool staple fiber wet felt processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble phenolic resin or epoxy resin.