CN109022964B - 7000 series as-cast aluminum alloy with high hardness of 89-104mm and hardenability - Google Patents

7000 series as-cast aluminum alloy with high hardness of 89-104mm and hardenability Download PDF

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CN109022964B
CN109022964B CN201810982800.6A CN201810982800A CN109022964B CN 109022964 B CN109022964 B CN 109022964B CN 201810982800 A CN201810982800 A CN 201810982800A CN 109022964 B CN109022964 B CN 109022964B
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aluminum alloy
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hardenability
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CN109022964A (en
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许晓静
张天赐
贾伟杰
毛强
蒋泽
朱宸煜
王浩
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Jiangsu Guoxin Aluminum Co.,Ltd.
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Jiangsu University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

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Abstract

The 7000 series cast aluminum alloy with high hardness of 89-104mm and hardenability and the preparation method are characterized in that the aluminum alloy mainly comprises aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and zirconium (Zr), wherein the mass percent of zinc (Zn) is 9.47-11.99%, the mass percent of magnesium (Mg) is 2.93-3.05%, the mass percent of copper (Cu) is 1.27-2.34%, the mass percent of zirconium (Zr) is 0.175-0.193%, and the balance is aluminum and a small amount of impurity elements. The preparation of the alloy sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) casting; (2) homogenizing; (3) solution treatment and (4) aging treatment. The measured hardness of the invention can reach 223.75HV to the maximum, the as-cast end quenching depth can reach 104mm to the maximum, and simultaneously, the elongation is 7.6%, and the conductivity is 30.275% IACS.

Description

7000 series as-cast aluminum alloy with high hardness of 89-104mm and hardenability
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal alloys, and particularly relates to 7000 series cast aluminum alloy with high hardness and high hardenability, in particular to 7000 series cast aluminum alloy with high hardenability of 89-104 mm.
Background
The 7000 series aluminum alloy is an indispensable key supporting column material in the development of modern aerospace and weaponry, and the development level of the 7000 series aluminum alloy not only reflects the comprehensive technological strength of a country, but also is an important guarantee of national defense safety. For a long time, the development of aluminum alloy with more balanced and optimized comprehensive performance is a high-tech field of preferential development of all countries in the world
In the aerospace industry, in order to achieve the purposes of weight reduction, high reliability and long service life, thick plates, extra-thick plates, large forgings and large profiles are often adopted as main bearing components, so that the requirement on the strength (hardness) of 7000 series aluminum alloy is improved, and higher requirements on the properties such as hardenability (quenching sensitivity) and the like are provided, so that the core performance of the large bearing component is ensured.
So far, no aluminum alloy with independent intellectual property right, as-cast end quenching depth of 100mm and hardness of more than 210HV can be used in China, which restricts the development of industries such as aerospace, weaponry and the like in China to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to invent a high-hardness cast 7000 series aluminum alloy with hardenability of 89-104mm and a preparation method thereof through component design and preparation technology design.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:
a high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability as-cast aluminum alloy is characterized in that: the aluminum-zinc alloy mainly comprises 9.47-11.99% of zinc (Zn), 2.93-3.05% of magnesium (Mg), 1.27-2.34% of copper (Cu), 0.175-0.193% of zirconium (Zr) and the balance of aluminum and a small amount of impurity elements. The copper (Cu) is copper (Cu) in the intermediate alloy Al-Cu, and the zirconium (Zr) is zirconium (Zr) in the intermediate alloy Al-Zr.
The mass percent of Cu in the intermediate alloy Al-Cu is 50.12%, and the mass percent of zirconium (Zr) in the intermediate alloy Al-Zr is 4.11%.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability as-cast aluminum alloy is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps: (1) casting the alloy; (2) homogenizing; (3) solution treatment; (4) and (5) aging treatment.
The alloy casting comprises the following steps: melting pure Al as a molten pool, heating the furnace to 850 +/-10 ℃, adding Al-Cu, Al-Zr and Al-Sr intermediate alloy with higher melting points, cooling to 800 +/-10 ℃ after melting, stirring, adding pure Zn with lower melting point, stirring, degassing after melting, adding pure Mg (reducing burning loss) wrapped by aluminum foil, cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃ after melting, refining, and adopting C2Cl6Degassing, removing residues, standing for 15min, and casting. Slagging off before casting, and preheating the mould (at the temperature of300℃)。
The homogenization treatment is characterized in that the process is carried out for × 6h at 400 +/-5 ℃ and × 6h at 420 +/-5 DEG C
+440±5℃×6h+460±5℃×12h。
The solution treatment is characterized in that the process is carried out for × 2 hours (water quenching) at the temperature of 470 +/-10 ℃;
the aging treatment is characterized in that the aging process adopts T6 aging at 121 ℃ for × 24 h.
Thus obtaining the high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability cast aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the aluminum alloy of the invention has a hardenability of 89-104 mm.
The invention breaks through the technical blockade of high-performance aluminum alloy abroad to a certain extent, and can meet the requirements of the fields of aerospace, weaponry and the like in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in end quench hardness and electrical conductivity in a first example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in end quench hardness and electrical conductivity of example two of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in end quench hardness and electrical conductivity of example III of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1.
A high-hardness cast aluminum alloy with hardenability of 89-104mm is prepared by the following steps:
the preparation is carried out for example on 28kg of aluminium alloy.
The alloy is prepared according to the components of Al-11.99Zn-3.05Mg-1.27Cu-0.193Zr, 22.04kg of pure Al (the components are 99.79 percent of Al,0.14 percent of Fe and 0.04 percent of Si, all the components are expressed by mass percent, all the components are impurities, all the components are added to be 100 percent in the invention) is melted to be used as a molten pool, then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 850 +/-10 ℃, and 0.71kg of Al-Cu (49.62 percent of Al,50.12 percent of Cu,0.15 percent of Fe and 0.11 percent of Si) intermediate is added in sequenceThe alloy (the loss rate of Cu is about 6.25 percent) and 1.047kg of Al-Zr intermediate alloy (95.69 percent of Al,4.11 percent of Zr,0.20 percent of Fe,0.10 percent of Si) (the loss rate of Zr is about 8 percent), after melting, cooling to 800 +/-10 ℃, stirring and adding pure Zn with lower melting point, wherein the mass of Zn is 3.36kg (the loss rate of Zn is about 8 percent), after melting, stirring and degassing, adding pure Mg wrapped by aluminum foil (the burning loss is reduced), the mass of Mg is 0.84kg (the loss rate of Mg is about 20 percent), after melting, cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃ and refining, adopting C for refining2Cl6Degassing and deslagging, standing for 15min, casting, slagging before casting, preheating a mold (the temperature is 300 ℃), homogenizing the alloy at 400 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +420 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +440 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +460 +/-5 ℃ for × 12h, carrying out solid solution at 470 +/-10 ℃ for × 2h (water quenching), and carrying out T6 aging at 121 ℃ for × 24h to obtain the high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability cast aluminum alloy.
The aluminum alloy of this example had an actual measured hardness of 223.75HV, as-cast end-quench depth of 89.14mm (FIG. 2), elongation of 8.3%, and electrical conductivity of 29.522% IACS.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2.
A high-hardness cast aluminum alloy with hardenability of 89-104mm is prepared by the following steps:
the preparation is carried out for example on 28kg of aluminium alloy.
Preparing Al-11.26Zn-2.84Mg-2.34Cu-0.18Zr, melting 21.69kg pure Al (99.79% Al, 0.14% Fe, 0.04% Si, all the components are expressed by mass percentage, the parts of which are less than 100% of the total of all the components are impurities) as a molten pool, raising the temperature of the furnace to 850 +/-10 ℃, sequentially adding 1.31kg Al-Cu (49.62% Al, 50.12% Cu, 0.15% Fe, 0.11% Si) intermediate alloy (the loss rate of Cu is about 6.25%) and 1.06kg Al-Zr intermediate alloy (95.69% Al, 4.11% Zr, 0.20% Fe, 0.10% Si) (the loss rate of Zr is about 8%), cooling to 800 +/-10 ℃ after melting, stirring and adding pure Zn with lower melting point, the mass of Zn is 3.15kg (the loss rate of Zn is about 8%), stirring and then adding pure Zn (degassing loss rate is reduced), mg mass of 0.80kg (Mg loss rate of about 20%) to be meltedCooling to 750 +/-10 deg.c and refining, and adopting C2Cl6Degassing and deslagging, standing for 15min, casting, slagging before casting, preheating a mold (the temperature is 300 ℃), homogenizing the alloy at 400 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +420 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +440 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +460 +/-5 ℃ for × 12h, carrying out solid solution at 470 +/-10 ℃ for × 2h (water quenching), and carrying out T6 aging at 121 ℃ for × 24h to obtain the high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability cast aluminum alloy.
The aluminum alloy of this example had an actual measured hardness of 219.47HV, as-cast end-quench depth of 104mm (FIG. 2), elongation of 7.6%, and electrical conductivity of 30.275% IACS.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3.
A high-hardness cast aluminum alloy with hardenability of 89-104mm is prepared by the following steps:
the preparation is carried out for example on 28kg of aluminium alloy.
Preparing Al-9.47Zn-2.93Mg-2.31Cu-0.175Zr, melting 22.25kg pure Al (99.79% Al, 0.14% Fe, 0.04% Si, all the components are expressed by mass percentage, the parts of which are less than 100% of the total of all the components are impurities) as a molten pool, raising the temperature of the furnace to 850 +/-10 ℃, sequentially adding 1.29kg Al-Cu (49.62% Al, 50.12% Cu, 0.15% Fe, 0.11% Si) intermediate alloy (the loss rate of Cu is about 6.25%) and 0.98kg Al-Zr intermediate alloy (95.69% Al, 4.11% Zr, 0.20% Fe, 0.10% Si) (the loss rate of Zr is about 8%), cooling to 800 +/-10 ℃ after melting, stirring and adding pure Zn with lower melting point, the mass of Zn is 2.65kg (the loss rate of Zn is about 8%), stirring and then adding pure Mg after degassing and reducing the loss rate of Mg), the Mg mass is 0.82kg (the loss rate of Mg is about 20%), after melting, the temperature is reduced to 750 +/-10 ℃, refining is carried out, and C is adopted2Cl6Degassing and deslagging, standing for 15min, casting, slagging before casting, preheating a mold (the temperature is 300 ℃), homogenizing the alloy at 400 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +420 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +440 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +460 +/-5 ℃ for × 12h, solid solution at 470 +/-10 ℃ for × 2h (water quenching), and aging at T6 for 121 ℃ for × 24h to obtain the high-hardness material with 89-104mm hardenability as-cast aluminum alloy.
The aluminum alloy of this example had an actual measured hardness of 216.60HV, as-cast end-quench depth of 94.81mm (FIG. 3), elongation of 7.7%, and electrical conductivity of 30.535% IACS.
The present invention is not concerned with parts which are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.

Claims (1)

1. A high-hardness 89-104mm hardenability as-cast 7000 series aluminum alloy mainly comprises 9.47-11.99% by mass of zinc (Zn), 2.93-3.05% by mass of magnesium (Mg), 1.27-2.34% by mass of copper (Cu), 0.175-0.193% by mass of zirconium (Zr), and the balance of aluminum and a small amount of impurity elements, and is characterized in that the aluminum alloy is prepared by the following method and sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) casting the alloy; (2) homogenizing; (3) solution treatment; (4) aging treatment;
the alloy casting comprises the following steps: firstly, raw materials are industrial pure Al, industrial pure Zn, industrial pure Mg, industrial Al-50.12% Cu and Al-4.11% Zr intermediate alloy; before smelting, pure Al is used for washing the furnace, preheating, degassing and removing impurities, and in the smelting process, firstly, the pure Al is melted to be used as a molten pool, and then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 850 +/-10 DEG CoC, adding Al-50.12% Cu and Al-4.11% Zr intermediate alloy, cooling to 800 +/-10% after meltingoC, stirring and adding pure Zn with a lower melting point, stirring and degassing after the Zn is melted, adding pure Mg wrapped by aluminum foil, cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃ after the Mg is meltedoC refining with C2Cl6Degassing, removing residues, standing for 15min, casting, removing residues, and preheating the mold to 300 deg.CoC；
The homogenization treatment comprises the steps of treating the mixture at 400 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +420 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +440 +/-5 ℃ for × 6h +460 +/-5 ℃ for × 12 h;
the solution treatment comprises the following steps: the process is 470 +/-10oC × 2h, water quenching;
the aging treatment comprises the following steps: the process is an aging processT6 aging: 121oC × 24 h；
The 7000 series aluminum alloy with high hardenability of 89-104mm can be obtained by the steps.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2810405C1 (en) * 2023-06-01 2023-12-27 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет" (НИУ "БелГУ") Method for producing aluminum-based alloys containing refractory alloying elements

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CN110592444B (en) * 2019-08-27 2021-06-22 江苏大学 700-doped 720 MPa-strength heat-resistant high-intergranular corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
CN110527882A (en) * 2019-09-17 2019-12-03 苏州镁馨科技有限公司 A kind of high hardness aluminium alloy material

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CN104004946B (en) * 2014-06-06 2016-03-30 江苏大学 690-730MPa superstrength 80-100mm hardening capacity aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2810405C1 (en) * 2023-06-01 2023-12-27 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет" (НИУ "БелГУ") Method for producing aluminum-based alloys containing refractory alloying elements

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