CN109019510A - A kind of hydrogen production process - Google Patents
A kind of hydrogen production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109019510A CN109019510A CN201811119570.7A CN201811119570A CN109019510A CN 109019510 A CN109019510 A CN 109019510A CN 201811119570 A CN201811119570 A CN 201811119570A CN 109019510 A CN109019510 A CN 109019510A
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- iron powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/10—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/08—Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention belongs to hydrogen preparation fields, disclose a kind of hydrogen production process, this method includes contacting iron powder and oxygen-containing water vapour, water vapour in the oxygen-containing water vapour is reacted with iron powder generates ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour is reacted with iron powder simultaneously generates iron oxide and discharges heat, and reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat, and so that water vapour is with iron powder, the reaction was continued.The primary raw material of hydrogen production process provided by the invention is that iron powder is not cheaply dangerous material, is easily stored, and no pressure does not pollute；Entire production and the basic no pollution of reaction process, zero-emission, not power consumption；Raw material and the high volumetric ratio of hydrogen output, 1 square iron powder can produce 3000 side's hydrogen；Hydrogen manufacturing is at low cost, and after recycling byproduct ferroso-ferric oxide, every side's hydrogen cost is lower than 0.5 yuan；Process is simple, with low investment without complex devices such as compressors, simple to operate, therefore has very extensive purposes in AIP submarine and industrial circle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen preparation fields, and in particular to a kind of hydrogen production process.
Background technique
The main method of hydrogen making has at present:
1, water electrolysis hydrogen production
Water electrolysis hydrogen producing is relatively wide and comparative maturity one of the method for current application.Water is that raw material hydrogen production process is hydrogen and oxygen
Burning generate water inverse process, as long as therefore provide the certain energy of certain forms, water decomposition can be made.There is provided electric energy makes water decomposition
The efficiency of hydrogen is made generally in 75-85%, technical process is simple, pollution-free, but it is big to consume electricity, therefore its application by
Certain limitation.
2, fossil fuel hydrogen manufacturing
It is the main method of current hydrogen making using coal, petroleum and natural gas as waste hydrogen.This method is in China
All there is mature technique, and have industrial production equipment.
A. using coal as waste hydrogen
In China's energy resource structure, within significant period of time from now on, coal will also be main energy sources.Hydrogen production from coal gasification
Refer to that coal under high-temperature pressure or pressurization, reacts with gasifying agent and is converted to gaseous product.Gasifying agent be water vapour or oxygen (air),
It is different with different gasification process containing components, contents such as hydrogen in gaseous product.But the method investment is big, pollutant discharge amount
Greatly, water consumption is big, is suitble to extensive hydrogen gas production.
B. using natural gas or light oil as waste hydrogen
This method is to convert that hydrogen is made in the presence of a catalyst with steam reaction.Reaction carries out at 800-820 DEG C.
There is hydrogen partial from water vapour.In the gas composition made from this method, hydrogen content is produced into up to 74% (volume)
Originally cost of material is depended primarily on, China's light oil price is high, and gas cost processed is expensive, has certain limitations using this method.It is most of
It is raw material that Large Scale Ammonia synthesizing methanol factory, which is all made of natural gas, and the technique of catalytic water producing hydrogen from steam conversion is with petroleum and natural gas
The technique of raw material hydrogen manufacturing is very mature, but produces industrial chemicals because being limited to be currently used primarily in by raw material.
In one of AIP (air exclusion propulsion system) solution of military submarines, hydrogen fuel cell can allow submarine long
Time navigates by water under water does not have to ventilation, and comprehensive various factors, each state is all considered as fuel cell more satisfactory Submarine AIP system
System.But the supply of hydrogen and storage are also key urgently to be solved, Japan uses pressure 700bar hydrogen storage system, storage capacity at present
Less, risk is high；Germany develops solid hydrogen redundancy technique, and using expensive metal platinum palladium, but this can only be laboratory
Device, can not large-scale application；Amount of storage it is bigger be under liquified hydrogen, such as this extreme requirement of carrier rocket in this way is exactly
, but liquified hydrogen is the liquid of density very little, it is desirable that storage tank is sufficiently bulky, and low temperature wants the material of storage tank, processing
It asks very high, is not also available in submarine.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of new hydrogen production process, to solve the supply and storage problem of hydrogen in current submarine.For
This, the specific technical solution that the present invention uses is as follows:
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of hydrogen production process, wherein the hydrogen production process includes: to steam iron powder and oxygenated water
Vapour contacts, and the water vapour in the oxygen-containing water vapour is reacted with iron powder generates ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, while the oxygenated water
Oxygen in steam is reacted with iron powder to be generated iron oxide and discharges heat, and the heat discharged is anti-between water vapour and iron powder
Heat should being provided, the reaction was continued so that water vapour is with iron powder.
Further, the oxygen-containing water vapour is obtained using following methods: normal-temperature water is forced into after 3-5bar and is atomized,
It is heated, is obtained described oxygen-containing with oxygen mix and using the heat source that the hydrogen that water vapour and iron powder react generation provides later
Water vapour.
Further, the molar ratio of the oxygenated water water from steam steam and oxygen is (5-7): 1.
Further, the iron powder and the initial temperature of oxygen-containing water vapour contact are 600-700 DEG C.
Further, the hydrogen production process carries out in device for producing hydrogen, and the device for producing hydrogen includes reacting furnace, the reaction
Furnace be include the horizontal reacting furnace with the cylindrical furnace of inlet end and outlet side, the inlet end be equipped with oxygen-containing water vapour into
Mouth and magnetic iron powder outlet, the oxygenated water steam inlet is located at the top of the cylindrical furnace, and the magnetic iron powder outlet
Positioned at the cylindrical furnace bottom, the outlet side is equipped with iron powder feed inlet and hydrogen outlet, and the iron powder feed inlet is located at
The cylindrical furnace middle and lower part, the hydrogen outlet are located at the top of the cylindrical furnace, installation in the cylindrical furnace body
There is shaft, sealing is set between the shaft and the cylindrical furnace, is equipped in the shaft and is in axial direction spaced apart
Multiple groups blade, the leaf position between group and group is staggered an angle, and every group of blade includes circumferentially spaced multiple plates
Formula blade, hole of gathering on the Flat plate type blade, is also equipped with the electric heater close to inlet end in the cylindrical furnace body；?
In hydrogen production process, the reacting furnace is mounted so as to the outlet side higher than inlet end, and the iron powder is from the iron powder feed inlet
It introduces in the reacting furnace, the oxygen-containing water vapour introduces in the reacting furnace from the oxygenated water steam inlet and past outlet side
It flows, the blade in the reacting furnace is rotated with shaft to step up the iron powder, as blade raises inclination, iron powder
It falls from the hole on the blade and is slid from blade simultaneously, the electric heater being arranged in the reacting furnace is when device starts
The intracorporal temperature of furnace is heated to 600-700 DEG C, the water vapour into the oxygen-containing vapor of outlet side flowing reacts life with iron powder
At ferroferric oxide powder and hydrogen, while the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour reacts with iron powder and generates iron oxide and discharge heat
Amount, reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat, and so that water vapour is with iron powder, the reaction was continued, generates
Hydrogen, hydrogen are flowed toward outlet side, gradually heat iron powder, and hydrogen itself from hydrogen outlet leaves reacting furnace after gradually cooling down.
Further, the Flat plate type blade includes that at least two supporting legs and a rectangular plate, described supporting leg one end is welded
In the shaft, the other end is fixed on the rectangular plate, hole of gathering in the rectangular plate.
Further, the supporting leg is equal to the 1/3 of the cylindrical furnace radius in the length of the reacting furnace radially
To 1/2, the rectangular plate is equal to 1/2 to the 2/3 of the cylindrical furnace radius in the length of the reacting furnace radially.
Further, the diameter in the hole be 6-10 millimeter, between spacing be 1-2 centimetres.
Further, four groups of blades are installed, every group of blade includes 120 degree apart of three plates in the shaft
Formula blade, the leaf position between group and group are staggered 30 degree.
Further, it is additionally provided with iron powder leak preventing in the cylindrical furnace body and magnetic iron powder overflows plate, the iron powder is anti-
Leakage baffle is located at side of the oxygenated water steam inlet to the outlet side, and the magnetic iron powder overflows plate and is located at the magnetic iron powder
Side of the outlet to outlet side.
Further, used device for producing hydrogen further include iron powder material tank, magnetic iron powder collecting tank, water supply tank, liquid oxygen tank,
Liquid oxygen gasifier, water pump, atomizer, heat exchanger and adsorption filter；The iron powder material tank is located above reacting furnace and passes through
One feed pipe and the iron powder inlet communication, the magnetic iron powder collecting tank be located at below reacting furnace and pass through a drainage conduit with it is described
The connection of magnetic iron powder outlet, the water supply tank, the water pump, the atomizer and the heat exchanger first medium entrance successively
Connection, the first medium entrance of the liquid oxygen tank, the liquid oxygen gasifier and the heat exchanger are sequentially communicated, and the oxygenated water steams
The second medium entrance of the first medium outlet of vapor inlet and the heat exchanger, the hydrogen outlet and the heat exchanger connects
Logical, the second medium outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption filter, the outlet of the adsorption filter
Mouth is connected to downstream hydrogen user；Water from the water supply tank is forced into 3-5bar through water pump, is then atomized into through atomizer 8
Vapor, later be originated from liquid oxygen tank and gasify through liquid oxygen gasifier after oxygen mix, gaseous mixture enters quilt in heat exchanger
The hydrogen of reflux is heated as being heated to high temperature using magnetic iron powder as heat source into magnetic iron powder collecting tank is interior after the oxygen-containing water vapour of heat
Reacting furnace is entered back into later, and the iron powder from iron powder material tank reacts generation with the vapor in oxygen-containing vapor in reacting furnace
Ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, while being reacted in reacting furnace with the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour and generating iron oxide and discharge heat
Amount, reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat, and so that water vapour is with iron powder, the reaction was continued, four oxygen
To change three-iron and iron oxide enters magnetic iron powder collecting tank, hydrogen is introduced into heat exchanger as heat source and heats to gaseous mixture, it
By introducing downstream hydrogen user after adsorption filter filtering.
Further, the downstream hydrogen user is fuel cell, the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell and the liquid oxygen
Gasifier connection, and its discharge outlet is connected to the water supply tank.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) it is not cheaply dangerous material that primary raw material, which is iron powder, is easily stored, no pressure does not pollute；
(2) entire production and the basic no pollution of reaction process, zero-emission, not power consumption；
(3) raw material and the high volumetric ratio of hydrogen output, 1 square iron powder can produce 3000 side's hydrogen；
(4) hydrogen manufacturing is at low cost, and after recycling byproduct ferroso-ferric oxide, every side's hydrogen cost is lower than 0.5 yuan；
(5) process is simple, with low investment without the complex devices such as compressor, simple to operate, thus in AIP submarine and
Industrial circle has very extensive purposes.
In addition, when the hydrogen production process carries out in preferred hydrogen producer provided by the invention, since the hydrogen manufacturing is set
Standby small in size, the reacting furnace diameter for producing 300 side's hydrogen per hour only needs 1 meter, and when being used on submarine, enough submarines are long
Time operation, and very safety and environmental protection, without any discharge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of iron powder hydrogen production reaction furnace provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the elevational cross-sectional view of the iron powder hydrogen production reaction furnace in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the side view of the shaft and blade in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the side view of the shaft and blade in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of device for producing hydrogen provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the equipment component layout drawing of the device for producing hydrogen in Fig. 1.
Description of symbols
1- reacting furnace；2- iron powder material tank；3- magnetic iron powder collecting tank；4- water supply tank；5- liquid oxygen tank；6- liquid oxygen carburetor；
7- water pump；8- atomizer；9- heat exchanger；10- cylindrical furnace；11- adsorption filter；12- frame；13- feed pipe；14- row
Expects pipe；15- fuel cell；20- shaft；30- motor；40- blade；The hole 41-；42- plate；43- supporting leg；50- insulating layer；110-
Oxygenated water steam inlet；120- iron powder leak preventing；130- magnetic iron powder outlet；140- magnetic iron powder overflows plate；150- hydrogen goes out
Mouthful；160- iron powder feed inlet.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the examples of the embodiments are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and cannot
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Hydrogen production process provided by the invention includes: to contact iron powder and oxygen-containing water vapour, the water in the oxygen-containing water vapour
Steam is reacted with iron powder generates ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, while the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour reacts with iron powder and generates oxygen
Change iron and simultaneously discharge heat, reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder heat is provided so that water vapour and iron powder after
Continuous reaction.Wherein, the oxygen-containing water vapour preferably uses following methods to obtain: normal-temperature water is forced into after 3-5bar and is atomized,
It is heated, is obtained described oxygen-containing with oxygen mix and using the heat source that the hydrogen that water vapour and iron powder react generation provides later
Water vapour.Further, the molar ratio of the oxygenated water water from steam steam and oxygen is preferably (5-7): 1.
According to the present invention, the iron powder and the initial temperature of oxygen-containing water vapour contact are preferably 600-700 DEG C.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen production process carry out in device for producing hydrogen, the hydrogen manufacturing dress
Set including iron powder hydrogen production reaction furnace 1 (hereinafter referred to as, reacting furnace), referring to Fig.1-3, the reacting furnace be include with inlet end and
The horizontal reacting furnace of the cylindrical furnace 10 of outlet side, the inlet end is equipped with oxygenated water steam inlet 110 and magnetic iron powder is discharged
Mouth 130, the oxygenated water steam inlet 110 is located at 10 top of cylindrical furnace, and the magnetic iron powder outlet 130 is located at
10 bottom of cylindrical furnace, the outlet side are equipped with iron powder feed inlet 160 and hydrogen outlet 150, the iron powder feed inlet
160 are located at 10 middle and lower part of cylindrical furnace, and the hydrogen outlet 150 is located at 10 top of cylindrical furnace, the circle
It is provided with shaft 20 in tubular furnace body, multiple groups blade 40 in axial direction spaced apart, group and group are installed in the shaft 20
Between 40 position of blade be staggered an angle, every group of blade 40 includes circumferentially spaced multiple Flat plate type blades, described flat
It gathers on plate blade hole 41, the electric heater close to inlet end is also equipped in the cylindrical furnace 10；
In the hydrogen production process, the reacting furnace is mounted so as to the outlet side higher than inlet end, and the iron powder is from described
Iron powder feed inlet 160 introduces in the reacting furnace 1, and the oxygen-containing water vapour introduces described from the oxygenated water steam inlet 110
It is flowed in reacting furnace 1 and toward outlet side, the blade 40 in the reacting furnace 1 is rotated with shaft 20 gradually to mention the iron powder
It rises, as blade raises inclination, iron powder falls and slides from blade 40, the reaction from the hole 41 on the blade 40 simultaneously
Temperature in furnace body 10 is heated to 600-700 DEG C when device starts by the electric heater being arranged in furnace 1, toward outlet side flowing
Water vapour in oxygen-containing vapor is reacted with iron powder generates ferroferric oxide powder and hydrogen, while in the oxygen-containing water vapour
Oxygen is reacted with iron powder to be generated iron oxide and discharges heat, and reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat
The reaction was continued so that water vapour is with iron powder for amount, generates hydrogen, and hydrogen gradually heats iron powder toward outlet side flowing, hydrogen itself by
Reacting furnace is left from hydrogen outlet after gradually cooling down.
Referring to Fig.1-3, reacting furnace is horizontal reacting furnace, including cylindrical furnace 10,10 3-5 long meters of furnace body, diameter 0.5-1
Rice.Furnace body material uses high-temperature alloy steel, and operating temperature is at 600-700 DEG C, and operating pressure is from normal pressure to 8bar.Furnace body has outside
Insulating layer 50, with a thickness of 5-10 centimetres.Furnace body includes inlet end and outlet side.In inlet end, top be provided with containing steam into
Mouth 110 and iron powder leak preventing 120, iron powder leak preventing 120 are located at side of the oxygen-containing steam import 110 to the outlet side；
Bottom is provided with magnetic iron powder outlet 130 and magnetic iron powder overflows plate 140, and magnetic iron powder overflows plate 140 and is located at magnetic iron powder outlet 130
To the side of outlet side.Certainly, in other embodiments, iron powder leak preventing 120 and magnetic iron powder overflow plate 140 and can also save
Slightly.For iron powder leak preventing 120 in outlet side, top is provided with hydrogen outlet 150, and middle and lower part is provided with iron powder feed inlet 160.
Shaft 20 is provided in the cylindrical furnace 10, shaft 20 is driven by motor 30.The revolving speed of shaft 20 is at every point
Clock 6-10 turns left the right side.Sealing is set between shaft 20 and furnace body 10.Multiple groups in axial direction spaced apart are installed in shaft 20
Blade 40 (shows four groups), and 40 position of blade between group and group is staggered an angle (being shown as 30 degree), and every group of blade includes
Circumferentially spaced multiple Flat plate type blades, hole 41 of gathering on Flat plate type blade 40.In the shown embodiment, three are set altogether for every group
, there are optimum efficiency in a blade 40,120 degree of the mutual angle of blade whens, and iron powder can be allowed sufficiently to raise landing.When shaft 20 rotates,
Blade 40 also rotates with it, and will step up in the iron powder of bottom, and as blade 40 raises inclination, iron powder falls from hole 41, with
Water vapour contact.Blade 40 is higher, and iron powder landing distance is bigger, longer with the steam reaction time.It is equipped in furnace body 10
Close to the electric heater (not shown) of inlet end, needed for electric heater is used to be heated to the intracorporal temperature of furnace in device starting
Reaction temperature (600-700 DEG C).
As shown in figure 4, blade 40 is made of high-temperature alloy steel, and 0.5-1 meters wide, the radius of a length of furnace body, thick 3-5 milli
Rice.Outer end is rectangular plate 42, and the length of radial direction is 1/2 to the 2/3 of 10 radius of furnace body, centre be it is hollow, have at least two
Connection steel disc (supporting leg) 43 is welded in shaft 20.Densely covered hole 41,6-10 millimeters of 41 diameter of hole are uniformly distributed on plate 42,
Away from 1-2 centimetres.
Now briefly explain the working principle of iron powder hydrogen production reaction furnace of the invention.Oxygen-containing vapor after heating is from containing
Oxygen steam-gas inlet enters in reacting furnace, reacts toward outlet side flowing and the iron powder of landing, absorbs the oxidation of heat generation four three
Iron powder and hydrogen, at the same oxygen reacted with iron powder generate iron oxide, constantly generate heat make water vapour with iron powder the reaction was continued,
Hydrogen is generated, hydrogen flows forward, gradually heats iron powder and water vapour gathers above furnace body, since hydrogen is lighter, top layer
Be most pure hydrogen, hydrogen itself from hydrogen outlet leaves reacting furnace after gradually cooling down.Meanwhile magnetic of the iron powder after reaction
Iron powder is slowly moved towards inlet end, and last ferromagnetic powder is flowed out from magnetic iron powder overflow plate and fallen into via magnetic iron powder outlet
Magnetic iron powder collecting box.
A kind of specific embodiment according to the present invention, other than reacting furnace 1, used device for producing hydrogen further includes iron
Powder raw material tank 2, magnetic iron powder collecting tank 3, water supply tank 4, liquid oxygen tank 5, liquid oxygen gasifier 6, water pump 7, atomizer 8, heat exchanger 9 and suction
Attached filter 11.Reacting furnace 1 is iron powder hydrogen production reaction furnace as described above, and description is not repeated herein.In a preferred embodiment,
Reacting furnace 1 is two, as shown in fig. 6, the using and the reserved, to ensure continuous production.Reacting furnace 1, which is tilted a certain angle, is mounted on frame
In 12 middle layer, so that its outlet side is higher than inlet end.Iron powder material tank 2 is located at 1 top of reacting furnace and (specifically, is mounted on
On the upper layer of frame 12) and be connected to by a feed pipe 13 with iron powder feed inlet 160.Magnetic iron powder collecting tank 3 is located under reacting furnace 1
Side's (specifically, being mounted on the bottom of frame 12) is simultaneously connected to by a drainage conduit 14 with magnetic iron powder outlet 130.Feed pipe 13
With in drainage conduit 14 can be equipped with respective valves (not shown), to control inlet amount and withdrawal rate.Valve can be ball valve, flashboard and
Butterfly valve etc..In addition, valve can be automatically or manually.Water supply tank 4, water pump 7, atomizer 8 and heat exchanger 9 first medium
Entrance is sequentially communicated, and the first medium entrance of liquid oxygen tank 5, liquid oxygen gasifier 6 and heat exchanger 9 is sequentially communicated.Oxygenated water steams
The first medium outlet of vapor inlet 110 and heat exchanger 9.Therefore, water is forced into the pressure 3-5bar of needs by water pump, so
It is atomized into vapor by atomizer 8, and the oxygen mix after gasification, into heat exchanger 9.In heat exchanger 9, water vapour is returned
The hydrogen of stream be heated as entering in magnetic iron powder collecting tank 2 after hot steam be heated to using magnetic iron powder as heat source high temperature later again into
Enter in reacting furnace 1.Similarly, it is set respectively on oxygen vaporizer to the pipeline of heat exchanger and on sprayer to the pipeline of heat exchanger
There is corresponding discharge control valve, to adjust the vapor and amount of oxygen that enter reacting furnace.The second of hydrogen outlet 150 and heat exchanger 9
The second medium outlet of medium inlet connection, heat exchanger 9 is connected to the air inlet of adsorption filter 11, and adsorption filter 11
Gas outlet be connected to downstream hydrogen user (for example, fuel cell 15 or hydrogen-holder etc.).Adsorption filter 11 is for removing
A small amount of carbon dioxide (such as passing through built-in calcium oxide (white lime)), particulate matter (such as passing through built-in strainer) and other are miscellaneous
Matter etc..
In the case that downstream hydrogen users are fuel cell 15, the oxygen inlet and liquid oxygen gasifier 6 of fuel cell 15
Connection, and its discharge outlet is connected to water supply tank 4.That is, the water that hydrogen and the oxygen combustion reaction of fuel cell 15 generate can be with
It is recycled.The electric power that fuel cell 15 generates can supply the AIP (air exclusion propulsion system) of submarine.
Preferably, the first medium outlet of heat exchanger 9 is connected to via magnetic iron powder collecting tank 3 with oxygenated water steam inlet 110.
Therefore, it can be further heated to from the vapor that heat exchanger 9 leaves by the high temperature magnetic iron powder in magnetic iron powder collecting tank 3 required anti-
Temperature is answered, on the one hand waste heat can be made full use of in this way, on the other hand can cool down magnetic iron powder.
The principle of the invention is described as follows:
A, 3 moles of iron and 4 moles of vapor, under 600-700 DEG C of hot conditions, when absorbing 126.5KJ heat,
It can react and generate 1 mole of ferroso-ferric oxide and 4 moles of hydrogen；
3Fe+4H2O+126.5KJ====Fe3O4+4H2(heat absorption)；
B, 4 moles of iron and 3 moles of oxygen can react the three of 2 moles of generation under 600-700 DEG C of hot conditions
Two iron are aoxidized, 1650KJ heat is discharged；
4Fe+3O2====2Fe2O3+1650KJ；
C, 2 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen can react under 600-700 DEG C of hot conditions and generate 2 moles
Vapor discharges 483.6KJ heat；
2H2+O2====2H2O+483.6KJ；
D, 2 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen can react the water of 2 moles of generation, release in a fuel cell
0.053KWH electric energy；
2H2+O2====2H2O+0.053KWH；
E, 1 mole of water heat is 40KJ；
H2O (liquid)+40KJ====H2O (water vapour, 3-5bar).
Through the above reaction equation it is found that in the reacting furnace of high temperature, iron powder and steam reaction generate hydrogen, absorb heat
Amount, part iron powder or hydrogen are reacted with oxygen generates iron oxide, discharges heat, the heat discharged is between iron powder and vapor
Reaction provide heat so that vapor is with iron powder, the reaction was continued.The vapor and oxygen of proper ratio are constantly provided when extraneous
When, reacting furnace can continuous production hydrogen, continually supply hydrogen outward.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case where can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hydrogen production process, which is characterized in that the hydrogen production process includes: to contact iron powder and oxygen-containing water vapour, described oxygen-containing
Water vapour in water vapour is reacted with iron powder generates ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, while oxygen and iron in the oxygen-containing water vapour
Powder reaction generates iron oxide and discharges heat, and reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat so that water
The reaction was continued with iron powder for steam.
2. hydrogen production process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oxygen-containing water vapour is obtained using following methods:
Normal-temperature water is forced into after 3-5bar and is atomized, is mentioned later with oxygen mix and using the hydrogen that water vapour and iron powder react generation
The heat source of confession is heated, and the oxygen-containing water vapour is obtained.
3. hydrogen production process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oxygenated water water from steam steam and oxygen rub
You are than being (5-7): 1.
4. hydrogen production process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the starting temperature of the iron powder and the contact of oxygen-containing water vapour
Degree is 600-700 DEG C.
5. hydrogen production process described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydrogen production process is filled in hydrogen manufacturing
Set middle progress, the device for producing hydrogen includes reacting furnace, the reacting furnace be include the cylindrical furnace with inlet end and outlet side
The horizontal reacting furnace of body, the inlet end are equipped with oxygenated water steam inlet and magnetic iron powder outlet, the oxygenated water steam inlet
At the top of the cylindrical furnace, and the magnetic iron powder outlet is located at the cylindrical furnace bottom, and the outlet side is set
There are iron powder feed inlet and hydrogen outlet, the iron powder feed inlet is located at the cylindrical furnace middle and lower part, the hydrogen outlet position
At the top of the cylindrical furnace, shaft is installed in the cylindrical furnace body, between the shaft and the cylindrical furnace
Setting seals, and multiple groups blade in axial direction spaced apart is equipped in the shaft, and the leaf position between group and group is staggered
One angle, every group of blade include circumferentially spaced multiple Flat plate type blades, hole of gathering on the Flat plate type blade, the circle
The electric heater close to inlet end is also equipped in tubular furnace body；
In the hydrogen production process, the reacting furnace is mounted so as to the outlet side higher than inlet end, and the iron powder is from the iron powder
Feed inlet introduces in the reacting furnace, and the oxygen-containing water vapour introduces in the reacting furnace and past from the oxygenated water steam inlet
Outlet side is flowed, and the blade in the reacting furnace is rotated with shaft to step up the iron powder, is raised and is inclined with blade
Tiltedly, iron powder falls from the hole on the blade simultaneously and slides from blade, and the electric heater being arranged in the reacting furnace is filling
The intracorporal temperature of furnace is heated to 600-700 DEG C when setting starting, the water vapour and iron into the oxygen-containing vapor of outlet side flowing
Powder reaction generates ferroferric oxide powder and hydrogen, while the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour reacts with iron powder and generates iron oxide
And heat is discharged, reaction of the heat discharged between water vapour and iron powder provides heat so that water vapour and iron powder continue instead
It answers, generates hydrogen, hydrogen is flowed toward outlet side, gradually heats iron powder, and hydrogen itself leaves instead after gradually cooling down from hydrogen outlet
Answer furnace.
6. hydrogen production process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The Flat plate type blade includes that at least two supporting legs and a rectangular plate, described supporting leg one end is welded in the shaft, separately
The rectangular plate is fixed in one end, hole of gathering in the rectangular plate；
The supporting leg is equal to 1/3 to the 1/2 of the cylindrical furnace radius in the length of the reacting furnace radially, the rectangle
Plate is equal to 1/2 to the 2/3 of the cylindrical furnace radius in the length of the reacting furnace radially；
The diameter in the hole be 6-10 millimeter, between spacing be 1-2 centimetres.
7. hydrogen production process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
Four groups of blades are installed, every group of blade includes 120 degree apart of three Flat plate type blades, group and group in the shaft
Between leaf position be staggered 30 degree.
8. hydrogen production process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with iron powder leakproof gear in the cylindrical furnace body
Plate and magnetic iron powder overflow plate, and the iron powder leak preventing is located at side of the oxygenated water steam inlet to the outlet side, institute
It states magnetic iron powder spilling plate and is located at side of the magnetic iron powder outlet to outlet side.
9. hydrogen production process according to claim 5, which is characterized in that used device for producing hydrogen further includes iron powder material
Tank, magnetic iron powder collecting tank, water supply tank, liquid oxygen tank, liquid oxygen gasifier, water pump, atomizer, heat exchanger and adsorption filter；It is described
Iron powder material tank is located above reacting furnace and by a feed pipe and the iron powder inlet communication, and the magnetic iron powder collecting tank is located at
It is connected to below reacting furnace and by a drainage conduit with the magnetic iron powder outlet, the water supply tank, the water pump, the atomizer
It is sequentially communicated with the first medium entrance of the heat exchanger, the of the liquid oxygen tank, the liquid oxygen gasifier and the heat exchanger
One medium inlet is sequentially communicated, the first medium outlet of the oxygenated water steam inlet and the heat exchanger, the hydrogen
Outlet is connected to the second medium entrance of the heat exchanger, second medium outlet and the adsorption filter of the heat exchanger
Air inlet connection, the gas outlet of the adsorption filter is connected to downstream hydrogen user；
Water from the water supply tank is forced into 3-5bar through water pump, is then atomized into vapor through atomizer, later be originated from
The liquid oxygen tank and oxygen mix after gasifying through liquid oxygen gasifier, gaseous mixture enter the hydrogen being refluxed in heat exchanger and be heated as
Enter in magnetic iron powder collecting tank after being heated to high temperature using magnetic iron powder as heat source after the oxygen-containing water vapour of heat and enters back into reacting furnace, source
It is reacted in reacting furnace from the iron powder of iron powder material tank with the vapor in oxygen-containing vapor and generates ferroso-ferric oxide and hydrogen, together
When reacted in reacting furnace with the oxygen in the oxygen-containing water vapour and generate iron oxide and discharge heat, the heat discharged is water
Reaction between steam and iron powder provides heat, and so that water vapour is with iron powder, the reaction was continued, and ferroso-ferric oxide and iron oxide enter magnetic
Iron powder collecting tank, hydrogen are introduced into heat exchanger as heat source and heat to gaseous mixture, after through adsorption filter filter it
Downstream hydrogen user is introduced afterwards.
10. hydrogen production process according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the downstream hydrogen user is fuel cell, described
The oxygen inlet of fuel cell is connected to the liquid oxygen gasifier, and its discharge outlet is connected to the water supply tank.
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| CN112467178A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-03-09 | 钱志刚 | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen supply system taking iron powder as fuel |
| CN114367658A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Hollow iron powder fuel and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN117623220A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 内蒙古东景生物环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency steam hydrogen production device |
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Application publication date: 20181218 |