CN109014059B - Vertical casting process for vertical parting of flywheel - Google Patents
Vertical casting process for vertical parting of flywheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109014059B CN109014059B CN201811081511.5A CN201811081511A CN109014059B CN 109014059 B CN109014059 B CN 109014059B CN 201811081511 A CN201811081511 A CN 201811081511A CN 109014059 B CN109014059 B CN 109014059B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/20—Stack moulds, i.e. arrangement of multiple moulds or flasks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/28—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for wheels, rolls, or rollers
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Abstract
The invention provides a vertical casting process for vertical parting of a flywheel, which adopts vertical casting, has high molten metal flowing speed and high casting speed, and can realize one-time casting production of a plurality of flywheel castings by one pair of molds, thereby enlarging the production capacity and improving the production efficiency; according to the invention, the casting mold with the optimized structure design is adopted for casting, the risers are arranged between the casting cavities in the same row, and during casting, the molten metal flows through the risers and then is introduced into the cavities, so that the casting can be fed in time, the feeding effect of the risers is improved, the shrinkage cavity and loose defects are eliminated, and the quality of the flywheel casting is improved; in addition, the branch pouring channels are respectively arranged on the two casting molds, and molten metal alternately circulates in the branch pouring channels of the sand mold during pouring, so that the molten metal can be stably conveyed to all parts of the cavity, and the impact force of the molten metal on the sand mold during vertical pouring is effectively relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flywheel casting, and particularly relates to a vertical casting process for vertical parting of a flywheel.
Background
A flywheel (flying wheel) is a disc-shaped part with large moment of inertia. For a four-stroke engine, work is done every four piston strokes, i.e. only the work stroke works, and the three strokes of exhaust, intake and compression all consume work. Therefore, the torque output by the crankshaft is periodically changed, and the rotating speed of the crankshaft is unstable. In order to improve the condition, a flywheel is arranged at the rear end of the crankshaft, and the flywheel is used for storing energy of the engine and overcoming the resistance of other components so as to enable the crankshaft to rotate uniformly.
The existing flywheel is manufactured by adopting a horizontal parting vertical pouring mode. Firstly, an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate are adopted to respectively form an upper sand mold and a lower sand mold which are separated along the horizontal plane, the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold are closed to form a casting mold, and then molten metal iron after smelting is injected into a cavity of the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold from a pouring gate to carry out pouring. The existing casting mode has low efficiency, and the flywheel obtained by casting has poor quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical casting process for vertical parting of a flywheel, which improves the production efficiency and the quality of flywheel castings.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: the utility model provides a perpendicular casting process of moulding apart of flywheel is perpendicular which the key lies in: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a mold: the flywheel casting mold is designed into a first mold and a second mold which are vertically divided, the first mold comprises a plurality of first casting cavities which are distributed at intervals, a first pouring gate positioned in the middle of the upper edge of the first mold, a first cross pouring gate connected to the bottom of the first pouring gate, and a riser and a first branch pouring gate which are positioned in the gap of the first casting cavities, and the riser comprises an upper riser and a lower riser; the second die comprises a plurality of second casting cavities distributed at intervals, a second sprue positioned in the middle of the upper edge of the second die, a second cross runner connected to the bottom of the second sprue, and a branch sprue and a second branch runner positioned in the gap of the second casting cavities, wherein the branch sprue is respectively overlapped at the gap of the second casting cavities, and the second branch runner comprises an upper second branch runner and a lower second branch runner;
step two, smelting: the main materials and the auxiliary materials in the charging trolley are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace through a charging machine for heating and melting, the molten iron of the medium-frequency induction furnace starts to melt from low temperature, the temperature gradually rises, the final melting temperature is controlled to 1650-1700 ℃, the furnace cover is opened after heat preservation is carried out for 5-10 min, the molten iron is refined, degassed and deslagging are carried out, the molten metal is purified, the temperature of the molten iron is kept within a set effluent temperature range, and qualified molten iron can be discharged through a forehearth outlet;
step three, pouring: the method comprises the following steps of (1) closing a first mold and a second mold of a casting mold, wherein after the mold is closed, a first casting cavity and a second casting cavity, a first pouring gate and a second pouring gate, a first cross gate and a second cross gate, a riser and a branch pouring gate are superposed, an upper second branch pouring gate is connected between the second cross gate and the upper riser, a lower second branch pouring gate is connected between the first branch pouring gate and the lower riser, molten iron is vertically poured into the mold, and after pouring, the casting is naturally cooled in a sand mold for 5-10 min;
opening the casting box along the vertical parting surface, taking out the casting piece, cleaning and sanding the surface of the casting piece, and then carrying out blank inspection, finish machining, finished product inspection and warehousing.
Furthermore, the number of the first casting cavities and the number of the second casting cavities are respectively 4, and the first casting cavities and the second casting cavities are respectively divided into two rows which are arranged at intervals.
Furthermore, the main materials comprise the following components: 30% of scrap steel, 40% of pig iron and 30% of scrap returns.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the auxiliary materials is as follows: 12kg/T carburant, 4kg/T ferrosilicon and 1.5kg/T ferromanganese.
Further, the width of the first branch pouring channel and the lower second branch pouring channel is 1/3 of the width of the bottom of the riser.
Furthermore, the first branch pouring gate and the upper second branch pouring gate are vertically arranged, the lower second branch pouring gate is obliquely arranged, the central lines of the upper feeder head and the first branch pouring gate are superposed with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the middle points of the upper row of first casting cavities, and the central line of the lower feeder head is superposed with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the middle points of the lower row of first casting cavities.
Furthermore, the branch gates are fan-shaped and are symmetrically distributed about a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the middle points of the cavities of the second castings in the same row.
Furthermore, the first die and the second die are provided with positioning pin holes for closing the box, and the positioning pin holes of the first die and the second die are overlapped when the box is closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides a vertical casting process for vertical parting of a flywheel, which has the advantages that molten metal and molten iron flow fast, the casting speed is fast, and a pair of molds can realize one-time casting production of a plurality of flywheel castings, thereby improving the production efficiency while enlarging the production capacity; according to the invention, the casting mold with the optimized structure design is adopted for casting, the risers are arranged between the casting cavities in the same row, and during casting, the molten metal flows through the risers and then is introduced into the cavities, so that the casting can be fed in time, the feeding effect of the risers is improved, the shrinkage cavity and loose defects are eliminated, and the quality of the flywheel casting is improved; according to the invention, the branch pouring channels are respectively arranged on the two casting molds, and molten metal alternately circulates in the branch pouring channels of the sand mold during pouring, so that the molten metal can be stably conveyed to all parts of the cavity, and the impact force of the molten metal on the sand mold during vertical pouring is effectively relieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first mold of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second mold of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure of clamping the first and second molds according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the art.
With reference to the process flow diagram shown in fig. 1, the vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a mold: the flywheel casting mold is designed into a first mold 1 and a second mold 2 which are vertically divided, and as shown in a combined view of fig. 1-2, the first mold 1 comprises a plurality of first casting cavities 11 which are distributed at intervals, a first pouring gate 12 which is positioned at the middle position of the upper edge of the first mold, a first cross gate 13 which is connected to the bottom of the first pouring gate 12, and a riser and a first branch gate 14 which are positioned at the gap of the first casting cavities 11, wherein the riser comprises an upper riser 151 and a lower riser 152; the second mold 2 comprises a plurality of second casting cavities 21 distributed at intervals, a second sprue 22 positioned in the middle of the upper edge of the second mold 2, a second runner 23 connected to the bottom of the second sprue 22, and a branch sprue 24 and a second branch runner positioned in the gap of the second casting cavities 21, wherein the branch sprue 24 is respectively overlapped at the gap of the second casting cavities 21, and the second branch runner comprises an upper second branch runner 251 and a lower second branch runner 252;
step two, smelting: the main materials and the auxiliary materials in the charging trolley are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace through a charging machine to be heated and melted, the molten iron in the medium-frequency induction furnace starts to be melted from low temperature, the temperature gradually rises, the final melting temperature is controlled to 1650-1700 ℃, the furnace cover is opened after the temperature is kept for 5-10 min, the molten iron is refined, degassed and subjected to deslagging treatment, the molten metal is purified, the temperature of the molten iron is kept within the set effluent temperature range, the conventional effluent temperature is 1300-1350 ℃, and qualified molten iron can be discharged through a forehearth outlet;
step three, pouring: the first mold 1 and the second mold 2 of the casting mold are closed, after the mold is closed, the first casting mold cavity 11 and the second casting mold cavity 21, the first pouring gate 12 and the second pouring gate 22, the first cross gate 13 and the second cross gate 23, a riser and a branch pouring gate 24 are overlapped, the upper second branch pouring gate 251 is connected between the second cross gate 23 and the upper riser 151, the lower second branch pouring gate 252 is connected between the first branch pouring gate 14 and the lower riser 152, molten iron is vertically poured into the mold, and after pouring, the casting is naturally cooled in a sand mold for 5-10 min (increased or decreased according to the weight of the casting);
opening the casting box along the vertical parting surface, taking out the casting piece, cleaning and sanding the surface of the casting piece, and then carrying out blank inspection, finish machining, finished product inspection and warehousing.
By adopting the vertical parting and vertical pouring casting process for the flywheel, molten metal and molten iron flow fast, the pouring speed is fast, and a pair of dies can realize one-time pouring production of a plurality of flywheel castings, thereby enlarging the production capacity and improving the production efficiency; according to the invention, the casting mold with the optimized structure design is adopted for pouring, the upper and lower risers 151 and 152 are arranged between the first casting cavity 11 and the second casting cavity 21 in the same row of the first mold 1 and the second mold 2, and during pouring, metal liquid firstly flows through the risers and then is introduced into the cavities, so that the castings can be fed in time, the feeding effect of the risers is improved, the defects of shrinkage cavities and looseness are eliminated, and the quality of flywheel castings is improved; according to the invention, the branch runners, namely the first branch runner 14, the upper second branch runner 251 and the lower second branch runner 252 are respectively arranged on the first mould 1 and the second mould 2, and molten metal alternately circulates in the branch runners of the sand mould respectively during pouring, so that the molten metal can be stably conveyed to all parts of the mould cavity, and the impact force of the molten metal on the sand mould during vertical pouring is effectively relieved.
In the casting mold adopted in the casting process, the number of the first casting cavity and the number of the second casting cavity are respectively 4, and the first casting cavity and the second casting cavity are respectively divided into two rows arranged at intervals. The casting mold is used for casting, four flywheel castings can be formed through one-time casting, the production efficiency is improved, and the casting mold is suitable for industrial mass production.
The main materials of the invention comprise the following components: 30% of scrap steel, 40% of pig iron and 30% of scrap returns. The addition amount of the auxiliary materials is as follows: 12kg/T carburant, 4kg/T ferrosilicon and 1.5kg/T ferromanganese. The raw materials with the composition are used for smelting and pouring, the obtained flywheel casting is uniform in component, the graphite with a metallographic structure is mainly of type A, a small amount of B, C and type D is allowed, pearlite is used as a matrix, free ferrite is not more than 20%, carbide and phosphorus eutectic are less than 5%, and the hardness of the material is HB 180-230.
The width of the first branch runner 14 and the lower second branch runner 252 of the present invention is 1/3 of the width of the riser bottom. When vertical pouring is carried out, the width of the branch pouring gate is too narrow, and when the lower riser 152 is not filled with molten iron, the molten iron in the branch pouring gate is cooled, the molten iron is cut off, and the lower-row casting cavity is prevented from being filled downwards, so that the quality defect of a lower casting is easily caused; the width of the branch pouring gate is too wide, molten iron in the branch pouring gate is not easy to cool, and in the feeding process, the molten iron of the upper feeding head 151 continuously flows into the lower feeding head 152, so that the feeding of the casting of the upper-row casting cavity is insufficient, and the problems of loosening, shrinkage cavity and the like of the upper casting are caused. The width of the first branch pouring channel 14 and the lower second branch pouring channel 252 is 1/3 of the width of the bottom of the riser, so that the metal liquid of each cavity can be ensured to be filled simultaneously, and the casting quality of the casting is improved.
The first branch pouring gate 14 and the upper second branch pouring gate 251 are vertically arranged, the lower second branch pouring gate 252 is obliquely arranged, the central lines of the upper feeder 151 and the first branch pouring gate 14 are superposed with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the midpoints of the upper row of first casting cavities 11, and the central line of the lower feeder 152 is superposed with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the midpoints of the lower row of first casting cavities 11. By adopting the pouring system with the structure, the pouring channel with the shortest path can be formed, the mold filling capacity of the molten metal is improved during pouring, the rapid flowing of the molten metal is facilitated to achieve the effect of rapid mold punching, the air suction of the pouring system is avoided, the defects of oxidation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like of a casting are avoided, and the good quality of a flywheel casting is ensured. And a riser is formed in the middle of the casting cavity, so that the feeding uniformity and timeliness of the castings on two sides are ensured during pouring.
The branch gates 24 of the invention are fan-shaped and are symmetrically distributed about a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the midpoints of the cavities of the second castings in the same row. During pouring, metal flowing through the risers flows in along the mould wall, the mould block is punched to be stable, the flowing and heat of molten iron are uniformly distributed along the whole mould cavity, and the positions of the branch pouring gates 24 are symmetrical about the pouring gate, so that the pouring uniformity and equivalence of castings in the same row are ensured.
The first mold 1 and the second mold 2 of the present invention are formed with dowel holes 16, 26 for mold assembling, and when the mold is assembled, the dowel holes of the two are overlapped. The first die 1 and the second die 2 realize the mould assembling positioning through positioning pins simultaneously penetrating through the positioning pin holes 16 and 26.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a mold: the flywheel casting mold is designed into a first mold and a second mold which are vertically divided, the first mold comprises a plurality of first casting cavities which are distributed at intervals, a first pouring gate positioned in the middle of the upper edge of the first mold, a first cross pouring gate connected to the bottom of the first pouring gate, and a riser and a first branch pouring gate which are positioned in the gap of the first casting cavities, and the riser comprises an upper riser and a lower riser; the second die comprises a plurality of second casting cavities which are distributed at intervals, a second sprue which is positioned in the middle of the upper edge of the second die, a second cross runner which is connected to the bottom of the second sprue, and a branch sprue and a second branch runner which are positioned in the gap of the second casting cavities, wherein the branch sprue is respectively lapped at the gap of the second casting cavities, the second branch runner comprises an upper second branch runner and a lower second branch runner, the width of the first branch runner and the width of the lower second branch runner are 1/3 of the width of the bottom of the riser, and the branch sprue is fan-shaped and is symmetrically distributed about the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the middle points of the second casting cavities in the same row;
step two, smelting: the main material and the auxiliary material in the charging trolley are put into a medium-frequency induction furnace through a charging machine for heating and melting, the molten iron of the medium-frequency induction furnace starts to melt from low temperature, the temperature gradually rises, the final melting temperature is controlled to 1650-1700 ℃, the furnace cover is opened after heat preservation is carried out for 5-10 min, the molten iron is refined, degassed and deslagging is carried out, the molten metal is purified, the effluent temperature of the molten iron is kept at 1300 ℃ and 1350 ℃, and qualified molten iron can be discharged through a forehearth outlet;
step three, pouring: the method comprises the following steps of (1) closing a first mold and a second mold of a casting mold, wherein after the mold is closed, a first casting cavity and a second casting cavity, a first pouring gate and a second pouring gate, a first cross gate and a second cross gate, a riser and a branch pouring gate are superposed, an upper second branch pouring gate is connected between the second cross gate and the upper riser, a lower second branch pouring gate is connected between the first branch pouring gate and the lower riser, molten iron is vertically poured into the mold, and after pouring, the casting is naturally cooled in a sand mold for 5-10 min;
opening the casting box along the vertical parting surface, taking out the casting piece, cleaning and sanding the surface of the casting piece, and then carrying out blank inspection, finish machining, finished product inspection and warehousing.
2. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the first casting cavities and the number of the second casting cavities are respectively 4, and the first casting cavities and the second casting cavities are respectively divided into two rows which are arranged at intervals.
3. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main materials comprise the following components: 30% of scrap steel, 40% of pig iron and 30% of scrap returns.
4. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the addition amount of the auxiliary materials is as follows: 12kg/T carburant, 4kg/T ferrosilicon and 1.5kg/T ferromanganese.
5. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first branch pouring gate and the upper second branch pouring gate are vertically arranged, the lower second branch pouring gate is obliquely arranged, the central lines of the upper feeder head and the first branch pouring gate are overlapped with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the middle points of the upper row of first casting cavities, and the central line of the lower feeder head is overlapped with a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of the middle points of the lower row of first casting cavities.
6. The vertical casting process for the vertical parting of the flywheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first die and the second die are provided with positioning pin holes for closing the box, and the positioning pin holes of the first die and the second die are overlapped when the box is closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811081511.5A CN109014059B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Vertical casting process for vertical parting of flywheel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811081511.5A CN109014059B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Vertical casting process for vertical parting of flywheel |
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| CN109014059A CN109014059A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| CN109014059B true CN109014059B (en) | 2020-07-21 |
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| CN103862000B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | A kind of end cap foundry goods core shell vertical-parting casting on flat casting technique |
| CN206356537U (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-07-28 | 上海圣德曼铸造海安有限公司 | Automobile brake clamps the casting mold structure of housing |
| CN106392013A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-15 | 河北工业大学 | Riser and pouring system for producing gray pig iron hub castings on DISA line and design method of riser and pouring system |
| CN107096893A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-29 | 山东美陵化工设备股份有限公司 | Bracket casting mixed type apparatus for pouring and bracket casting casting technique |
| CN107457368B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-11-12 | 绍兴市振杨机械有限公司 | A kind of casting mould of thin-walled impeller |
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